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SMART FARMING IN CORN CULTURE 玉米种植中的智能农业
M. Ilie
There is no more mechanized agricultural process that does not benefit from computerized assistance that optimizes working parameters and obtain qualitative indices of lifting, comfort and safety in the process of increased work for the user, low fuel consumption and manpower and low negative impact on the environment. The concept of "Precision agriculture” involves adjusting inputs in the agricultural system (seeds, fertilizers, pesticides), to distribute all where it is needed just as long as it takes. Measurement of differences working parameters through sensors and transducers, analysis of information received through computer systems or specific software and sending orders for modification of other parameters on tractors and machines has created the "Smart farming" system. The advantages of using smart farming are immense in all aspects. The user inserts the working parameters into the computer, monitors the processes and through the actuators execute the necessary settings. Complete and accurate information on the processed surface, fuel consumption, seed, fertilizers, pesticides, or quantities harvested in agricultural harvesting machines are received in real or centralized time. Cultivating cereal like corn can be extremely profitable regardless of the surface, but for that it is essential to observe some particularities of this plant. Romania is one of the largest maize producers in the European Union; in this article is presented all cost and also cost prognosis for smart farming in corn culture.
没有一个机械化的农业过程不受益于计算机辅助,它优化了工作参数,并在为用户增加工作的过程中获得了起重、舒适和安全的定性指标,低燃料消耗和人力,对环境的负面影响小。“精准农业”的概念涉及调整农业系统的投入(种子、化肥、杀虫剂),将所有需要的东西分配到需要的地方。通过传感器和传感器测量不同的工作参数,通过计算机系统或特定软件分析接收到的信息,并发送命令修改拖拉机和机器的其他参数,创造了“智能农业”系统。使用智能农业在各个方面都有巨大的优势。用户将工作参数插入计算机,监控过程并通过执行器执行必要的设置。在实时或集中的时间内接收到有关加工表面、燃料消耗、种子、肥料、农药或农业收获机械收获数量的完整准确的信息。种植像玉米这样的谷物,无论其表面如何,都是非常有利可图的,但为此,有必要观察这种植物的一些特点。罗马尼亚是欧盟最大的玉米生产国之一;本文介绍了玉米栽培智能农业的各项成本和成本预测。
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引用次数: 0
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ROMANIA 农业部门对罗马尼亚经济增长的贡献
R. Drăcea, Laura Ciobanu
Although agriculture is one of the main economic sectors of Romania, its contribution to GDP has constantly decreased over the last 28 years, from 23.00% in 1989 to 4.37% in 2017. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that Romania’s economy past from being an economy based on an agricultural structure to one based on services. Even though the contribution of agriculture to GDP formation is declining, Romania still has the largest share of the agricultural sector in the GDP structure from all the countries of the European Union – about 3 times higher than the European average, and also the highest share of agricultural land in the total land area. These aspects show that within the member countries of the European Union, Romania is the country most dependent on agriculture, with the largest number of people involved in agriculture and with the largest share of agricultural areas in total. In this context, the paper analyzes the impact of the agricultural sector on Romania’s economic growth, between 2000-2017. The empirical analysis is based on three independent variables (agricultural production, public expenditure on agriculture and direct investment in agriculture) and one dependent variable (GDP at constant prices). The data panel consists of information provided by the NIS (National Institute of Statistics), and the data are analyzed using multiple regression.
虽然农业是罗马尼亚的主要经济部门之一,但其对GDP的贡献在过去28年中不断下降,从1989年的23.00%降至2017年的4.37%。这一现象的原因是,罗马尼亚的经济过去是以农业结构为基础的经济,现在是以服务业为基础的经济。尽管农业对GDP形成的贡献正在下降,罗马尼亚仍然是欧盟所有国家中农业部门在GDP结构中所占份额最大的国家——大约是欧洲平均水平的3倍,也是农业用地在总土地面积中所占份额最高的国家。这些方面表明,在欧洲联盟成员国中,罗马尼亚是最依赖农业的国家,从事农业的人数最多,农业面积占比最大。在此背景下,本文分析了2000-2017年间农业部门对罗马尼亚经济增长的影响。实证分析基于三个自变量(农业生产、农业公共支出和农业直接投资)和一个因变量(按不变价格计算的GDP)。数据面板由NIS (National Institute of Statistics)提供的信息组成,数据使用多元回归进行分析。
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引用次数: 0
UNIVERSITY – VECTOR OF GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT 大学——全球发展的载体
N. Istudor, E. Gogu, I. Petrescu
The economic higher education system must be viewed as a competitive market where different players meet, interacting, each with a desire to achieve an efficient result - a successful and performant graduate. In this sense, the higher economic school must be approached as one of the main engines of society in sustainable development, in increasing the standard of living and the quality of life, respectively of human well-being. In this sense, the economic school must be continuously supported, developed and adapted.
经济高等教育体系必须被视为一个竞争市场,不同的参与者在这里相遇,相互作用,每个人都希望获得一个有效的结果——一个成功的、表现出色的毕业生。从这个意义上说,高等经济学校必须被视为社会在可持续发展、提高生活水平和生活质量、分别提高人类福利方面的主要动力之一。从这个意义上说,经济学派必须不断得到支持、发展和适应。
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引用次数: 0
UNLOCKING BIOECONOMY POTENTIAL IN ROMANIAN AGRIFOOD SECTOR 释放罗马尼亚农业食品部门的生物经济潜力
S. Rodino, A. Buțu, R. Ion, M. Buțu
The bioeconomy concept is generally defined as the use of renewable biological resources to produce food, materials and energy. This concept is now seen as an innovation trigger that will be the cornerstone of a knowledge leap in most economy sectors, on the way towards increasing sustainability of human activity. Agriculture occupies the most i and in Romania as well. The present study encompasses a general overview on bioeconomy mportant part of the revenues obtained from economic activities in many countries in EU potential in Romania, pointing specific issues regarding the challenges and opportunities for environmental protection and for agricultural activities. From a methodological point of view, the indirect research methods were used, reviewing specialized literature published until now: scientific articles and press releases. Extraction, observation, analysis and comparison of data provided by official databases was also applied.
生物经济的概念一般被定义为利用可再生的生物资源生产食物、材料和能源。这一概念现在被视为一种创新触发器,将成为大多数经济领域知识飞跃的基石,从而提高人类活动的可持续性。在罗马尼亚,农业占据了最大的比重。本研究包括对生物经济的总体概述,生物经济是罗马尼亚许多欧盟国家经济活动收入的重要组成部分,指出了有关环境保护和农业活动的挑战和机遇的具体问题。从方法论的角度来看,采用间接研究方法,回顾了迄今为止发表的专业文献:科学文章和新闻稿。还对官方数据库提供的数据进行了提取、观察、分析和比较。
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引用次数: 0
HUMAN PRESSURE ON AIR QUALITY IN BUCHAREST 人类对布加勒斯特空气质量的压力
C. Rădulescu, Sorin Burlacu
The environment is the natural space that has been transformed by humans over time. It is mostly made up of water, air, vegetation and soil. They are the elements of the natural environment in which man was born. It is already realized that each element plays an extremely important role in the formation of the natural environment. Moreover, all these elements, which make up the natural environment, are intercorrelated: the climate is influenced by relief; climate and relief determine the spread of vegetation and fauna to preserve the natural environment etc. The purpose of our research is to highlight the destructive effects of pollution under the action of the anthropic factor and to present some directions of action for a sustainable development, with an emphasis on the air quality in Bucharest. The paper mainly highlights the effects of human pressure on the air quality in Bucharest. This locality was chosen because it has the highest population density in Romania. Sustainable development involves the relation of the human being with the environment and the responsibilities of the present generation to the next generation. For the Earth to remain a living planet, human interests must be correlated with the laws of nature.
环境是人类随着时间的推移而改变的自然空间。它主要由水、空气、植被和土壤组成。它们是人类出生的自然环境的要素。人们已经认识到,每一个元素在自然环境的形成中都起着极其重要的作用。此外,所有这些构成自然环境的要素是相互关联的:气候受地形的影响;气候和地形决定了植被和动物的分布,保护了自然环境等。我们研究的目的是强调污染在人为因素作用下的破坏性影响,并提出可持续发展的一些行动方向,重点是布加勒斯特的空气质量。这篇论文主要强调了人类压力对布加勒斯特空气质量的影响。之所以选择这个地方,是因为它是罗马尼亚人口密度最高的地方。可持续发展涉及人与环境的关系以及这一代人对下一代的责任。为了使地球仍然是一个有生命的星球,人类的利益必须与自然法则相联系。
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPACT OF THE SHORT SUPPLY CHAIN ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE AGRI-FOOD SECTOR 供应链短缺对农业食品部门竞争力的影响
Adrian Chesnoiu
In this article the author tries to analyze the impact the short supply chain may have, in general, on the agri-food sector and especially on the local agri-food sector. The analysis has three concepts as central conceptual support: the urban-rural partnership, the short supply chain and the competitiveness in the agri-food sector. The author starting from the main features of the short supply chain tries to analyze the impact on the competitiveness in the agri-food sector. The urban-rural symbiosis can be more easily understood by the short chain supply, an instrument with multiple effects both for the urban and for the rural.
在这篇文章中,作者试图分析短供应链可能产生的影响,一般来说,对农业食品部门,特别是对当地农业食品部门。该分析以城乡伙伴关系、短供应链和农业食品行业竞争力三个概念作为中心概念支撑。本文从短供应链的主要特征出发,分析了短供应链对农业食品行业竞争力的影响。城乡共生可以通过短链供给这一对城乡都具有多重作用的工具来更好地理解。
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引用次数: 0
TRADITIONAL FOODS AS A DRIVER FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH LOCAL RESOURCES UTILISATION 传统食品通过利用当地资源推动农村发展
I. Todirică
Nowadays there is much emphasis on rural development and reducing the gap between rural and urban areas. The disharmonious development is more and more visible in Romania as the years pass by. The present paper aims to present the importance of small producers and to provide a solution that can lead to the development of rural areas through local resources utilization. This approach has more implications, as it can be seen also as a sustainable way of development. Research methodology consists in utilization of primary data collected by the author and secondary data extracted from national databases. The main outcome of the study underlines the positive impact, from an economic standpoint, that small producers have at local level and their role in maintaining food diversity. The results should be of interest for national and local stakeholders.
如今,人们非常重视农村发展和缩小城乡差距。随着时间的推移,罗马尼亚的不和谐发展越来越明显。本文旨在展示小生产者的重要性,并提供一种解决方案,通过利用当地资源来促进农村地区的发展。这种方法的意义更大,因为它也可以被视为一种可持续的发展方式。研究方法包括利用作者收集的主要数据和从国家数据库中提取的次要数据。从经济角度来看,这项研究的主要结果强调了小生产者在地方一级的积极影响及其在维持粮食多样性方面的作用。其结果应符合国家和地方利益攸关方的利益。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF LOCAL ACTION GROUPS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 地方行动小组在可持续发展方面的作用
N. Suvorov, Alina Mădălina Stancu, Lăcrămioara Alina VASILE (DRĂCEA)
The last decades have been characterized by the intense industrial exploitation of resources, by the emergence of ecological crises, and at present, the incorporation of all the economicsocial spheres leads to the reconciliation between the economic and social progress without producing environmental damage. Sustainable development is a difficult task to achieve by analyzing the social, economic and geographical situation, territorial coherence and homogeneity, related to the number of inhabitants and the eligible area, to the financial allocation for this sector. The present paper intends to carry out a study on the interest expressed by the local actors regarding the LEADER axis and the way of elaborating the rural development strategies approached by the Local Action Groups through a comparative study between the development regions of Romania. The result of the research is a foundation for partnerships project sustainable development regarding Local Action Groups activities in disadvantaged rural areas.
过去几十年的特点是资源的密集工业开发,生态危机的出现,目前,所有经济社会领域的结合导致经济和社会进步之间的和解,而不产生环境破坏。可持续发展是一项很难通过分析社会、经济和地理情况、与居民人数和合格地区有关的领土一致性和同质性以及对这一部门的财政分配来实现的任务。本文件打算通过罗马尼亚各发展区域之间的比较研究,对当地行动者对领导轴所表示的兴趣以及地方行动小组制定农村发展战略的方式进行研究。这项研究的结果为在处境不利的农村地区开展地方行动小组活动的伙伴关系项目可持续发展奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
SUSTAINABILITY OF FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY IN ROMANIA. CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE NATIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN 罗马尼亚食品安全和保障的可持续性。未来国家战略规划面临的挑战
G. Popescu
In the context of the preparations for the design of the National Strategic Plan (NSP), we appreciate that a realistic knowledge of the state of food security is likely to contribute to the design of some of the reforms to increase the sustainability of the agricultural sector. Among the main objectives of the NSP will be: fostering the development of an intelligent and adaptive agricultural sector; ensuring environmental protection and climate change mitigation; strengthening socio-economic cohesion of rural areas. The knowledge of Romania's place in the world through the use of the Food Security Indicator - on total and on components - highlighted the need: increasing the concerns of decision makers to ensure a sufficient and accessible agricultural offer, from an economic point of view, to the population; Romania's more active involvement in building sustainable food systems.
在准备设计国家战略计划的背景下,我们认识到,对粮食安全状况的现实认识可能有助于设计一些改革措施,以提高农业部门的可持续性。国家战略计划的主要目标包括:促进智能和适应性农业部门的发展;确保环境保护和减缓气候变化;加强农村地区的社会经济凝聚力。通过使用粮食安全指标- -总的和组成部分- -了解罗马尼亚在世界上的地位,突出了需要:增加决策者的关注,确保从经济角度向人口提供充足和可获得的农业供应;罗马尼亚更积极地参与建设可持续粮食系统。
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引用次数: 0
SOCIAL INNOVATION – SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION TO TACKLE ENERGY POVERTY IN URBAN AREA 社会创新——解决城市地区能源贫困的可持续解决方案
R. Munteanu
Innovation is about “new ideas” and social innovation is any activity, law, software, internal procedure, which is implemented for bringing added value into specific area and without those actions, couldn’t be possible to have better outcomes. A decision which is taken by the local authorities and it is improving the welfare it is also a social innovation. Often there is a confusion between “doing my job” and “social innovation”. In public administration there is a real need for social innovation, any good project could be a real social innovation if it brings added value. The paper presents a pilot project, with a target of 35-50 private houses selected in order to create a heterogeneous project with different type of buildings, from different geographic areas from District 1, from different years of construction, with a low level of income for each building, under 1000 euro/units. This last criterion has the roll to sustain and to tackle energy poverty. In terms of novelty, this represents a new approach in Romania, through the project we intend to test and to develop the sustainable and efficient technical solutions.
创新是关于“新想法”和社会创新是任何活动,法律,软件,内部程序,这是为了给特定领域带来附加价值而实施的,没有这些行动,不可能有更好的结果。这是一个由地方当局做出的决定,它正在改善福利,这也是一个社会创新。“做好我的工作”和“社会创新”之间常常存在混淆。在公共管理中,确实需要社会创新,任何好的项目如果能带来附加价值,都可能是真正的社会创新。本文提出了一个试点项目,目标是选择35-50个私人住宅,以创建一个具有不同类型建筑的异质项目,来自第一区的不同地理区域,来自不同的建设年份,每个建筑的收入水平较低,低于1000欧元/单位。最后一项标准有助于维持和解决能源贫困问题。就新颖性而言,这代表了罗马尼亚的一种新方法,通过该项目,我们打算测试和开发可持续和高效的技术解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the International Conference Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy
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