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Time and frequency transfer system for synchronization applications 用于同步应用的时间和频率传输系统
Pub Date : 2014-12-29 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996548
Jia-Lun Wang, C. Liao, Huang-Tien Lin
In this paper, we propose a new generation of time and frequency transfer system using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) dual frequency receiver for the purpose of both time and frequency synchronization. The system can be used as a timing source, remote time and frequency calibration, and to monitor the characteristic of the telecommunication primary reference clocks (PRC). A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the system. The common-view common-clock test was studied for the evaluation of the system noise level. The tests of short-baseline about 20 km between Chunghwa Telecommunication Laboratories (TL) and telecommunication facilities, and long-baseline around 10,000 km between TL and MSL (Measurement Standards Laboratory, New Zealand) were performed. Experimental results indicate that expanded time and frequency uncertainty of the proposed system (with a coverage factor of k=2) are less than 26 ns and 1.1×10-13 (one day averaging), respectively, which can meet ITU-T G.811 standard approximately and requirements for the dominant telecommunication and power system synchronization applications.
本文提出了一种利用全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)双频接收机实现时间和频率同步的新一代时频传输系统。该系统可以作为授时源,远程时间和频率校准,并监测电信主参考时钟(PRC)的特性。进行了一系列的实验来评估系统的性能。研究了用于评价系统噪声水平的共视共时钟测试方法。在中华电信实验室(TL)和电信设施之间进行了约20公里的短基线测试,在TL和MSL(新西兰测量标准实验室)之间进行了约10,000公里的长基线测试。实验结果表明,该系统扩展后的时间和频率不确定度(覆盖系数k=2)分别小于26 ns和1.1×10-13(一天平均),大致满足ITU-T G.811标准和主流电信和电力系统同步应用的要求。
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引用次数: 1
A QoS supporting ad hoc network protocol combing admission based TDMA and 802.11 DCF 一种QoS支持结合基于TDMA和802.11 DCF的准入的自组织网络协议
Pub Date : 2014-12-29 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996597
Jing Lin, Celimuge Wu, S. Ohzahata, Toshihiko Kato
We propose a QoS supporting ad hoc network protocol which employs a hybrid approach utilizing both TDMA and 802.11 DCF. TDMA period provides contention free transmissions for QoS flows, and DCF period is used to provide contention-based access for best effort or low priority flows. TDMA time slots are assigned on admission basis in a distributed manner by utilizing network routing information and considering current assignment situation. In DCF period, frames are transmitted not to disturb the TDMA period. By combing TDMA and 802.11 DCF, the proposed ad hoc network is able to provide an efficient solution for QoS control in ad hoc networks. We use QualNet simulator to evaluate the proposed scheme.
我们提出了一种QoS支持自组织网络协议,该协议采用了利用TDMA和802.11 DCF的混合方法。TDMA周期为QoS流提供无争用传输,DCF周期用于为最佳努力或低优先级流提供基于争用的访问。利用网络路由信息并考虑当前分配情况,以分布式方式在准入基础上分配TDMA时隙。在DCF周期中,传输帧是为了不干扰TDMA周期。通过将TDMA和802.11 DCF相结合,所提出的自组网能够为自组网中的QoS控制提供一种有效的解决方案。我们使用QualNet模拟器来评估所提出的方案。
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引用次数: 7
IPv6 operations and deployment scenarios over SDN 基于SDN的IPv6操作和部署场景
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996530
Chia-Wei Tseng, Sheue-Ji Chen, Yao-Tsung Yang, Li-Der Chou, C. Shieh, S. Huang
IPv6 is a technology that provides enormous address space and end-to-end communication, features that are required in the context of the device automation integration for future network. The transition to IPv6 holds the future of the internet infrastructure. Software-defined networking (SDN) defines a new concept for computer networks that can separate and provide abstract elements of network devices. IPv6 SDN has the potential to revolutionize the network design, construct and operate networks to achieve more efficient business network agility. In this paper, we will discuss the main architectures of SDN and illustrate how IPv6 can be deployed and integrated in SDN technologies using OpenFlow mechanisms. We will also discuss the IPv6 impact on link performance and deployment scenarios.
IPv6是一种提供巨大地址空间和端到端通信的技术,这些特性是未来网络设备自动化集成所必需的。向IPv6的过渡掌握着互联网基础设施的未来。软件定义网络(SDN)为计算机网络定义了一个新的概念,它可以分离和提供网络设备的抽象元素。IPv6 SDN有可能彻底改变网络设计、构建和运营网络,以实现更高效的业务网络敏捷性。在本文中,我们将讨论SDN的主要架构,并说明如何使用OpenFlow机制将IPv6部署和集成到SDN技术中。我们还将讨论IPv6对链路性能和部署场景的影响。
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引用次数: 5
Autonomous retransmission control with neighbour terminals for ad hoc networks 自组网中与邻居终端的自主重传控制
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996593
Taku Yamazaki, R. Yamamoto, T. Miyoshi, Y. Tanaka
In ad hoc networks, radio interference and terminal' mobility can cause frame losses. When the frame losses occur continuously, general datalink layer protocols regard it as a link failure and then notify it to network layer protocols. In conventional routing protocols, a source terminal initiates route discovery process to recover from the link failures on receiving the notifications even if the source terminal still has a valid route to a destination terminal. However, the route discovery requires a route request flooding and the flooding may consume limited network resources of ad hoc networks and that also degrades transmission efficiency. For solving the problems, several retransmission and relay control methods have been proposed. In these methods, neighbour terminals of a transmission route overhear transmitted frames and retransmit lost frames autonomously by using the overheard frames. However, the conventional retransmission methods have a disadvantage that they degrade the transmission efficiency under bursty frame loss interval. Moreover, conventional relay control methods suffer from a processing overhead and a slow adaptation problem under a sparse frame loss. In this paper, we propose an efficient and lightweight method that neighbour terminals adaptively retransmit lost frames considering a frequency of the losses. Computer simulations clarify the performances and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
在自组织网络中,无线电干扰和终端移动会导致帧丢失。当连续出现丢帧时,一般数据链路层协议认为是链路故障,然后通知网络层协议。在传统的路由协议中,即使源终端仍然有到目的终端的有效路由,源终端也会在收到通知后启动路由发现过程,以便从链路故障中恢复过来。但是,路由发现需要路由请求泛洪,泛洪会消耗有限的网络资源,也会降低传输效率。为了解决这些问题,提出了几种重传和中继控制方法。在这些方法中,传输路由的相邻终端侦听已发送的帧,并利用侦听到的帧自主重传丢失的帧。然而,传统的重传方法在突发丢帧间隔下存在传输效率低下的缺点。此外,传统的继电控制方法在稀疏帧损失下存在处理开销大、自适应慢的问题。在本文中,我们提出了一种有效且轻量级的方法,使相邻终端考虑丢失的频率自适应重传丢失的帧。计算机仿真验证了该方法的性能和有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of information-centric networking in mobile and distributed environment using wide-area test bed 利用广域试验台对移动和分布式环境下的信息中心网络进行评估
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996547
D. Matsubara, S. Okamoto, N. Yamanaka, Tatsuro Takahashi
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) employs communication based on location independent data identifiers (IDs) that enables efficient data dissemination. However, some important challenges still remains in the conventional ICN schemes when they are applied to a highly mobile and distributed environment, such as growth in amount of route information or increased transaction load of name resolution services. To accommodate this, we propose a new ICN scheme where routes are aggregated at aggregation nodes and optimized routes are established during data registration transactions to mitigate the amount of route information, delay, and transaction load. We evaluate the proposed scheme using a nation-wide test bed of 37 intermediate nodes and 336 mobile terminals. We show that the proposed scheme enables efficient data dissemination where the mobile terminals register and retrieve data in widely distributed manner.
信息中心网络(ICN)采用基于与位置无关的数据标识符(id)的通信,从而实现高效的数据分发。然而,当传统ICN方案应用于高度移动和分布式环境时,仍然存在一些重要的挑战,例如路由信息量的增长或名称解析服务事务负载的增加。为了适应这一点,我们提出了一种新的ICN方案,其中路由在聚合节点上聚合,并在数据注册事务期间建立优化的路由,以减轻路由信息的数量,延迟和事务负载。我们在全国37个中间节点和336个移动终端的试验台上对所提出的方案进行了评估。我们表明,该方案能够实现高效的数据传播,其中移动终端以广泛分布的方式注册和检索数据。
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引用次数: 2
Performance analysis and validation of high QoS route navigation for mobile users 移动用户高QoS路由导航的性能分析与验证
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996570
Kenji Kanai, J. Katto, T. Murase
Improving Quality of Service (QoS) in wireless networks is important and necessary for mobile users. We have previously proposed Comfort Route (CR) Navigation, which navigates users to their destinations using high QoS communication areas, such as Wi-Fi APs, rather than the geographical Shortest Route (SR). In this paper, we employ an analytical model to estimate the CR gain in a theoretical manner which assumes that available cellular and Wi-Fi throughputs are uniform within their coverage. The CR gain is computed by using basic parameters, including wireless network bandwidth and transmission time. To validate our model, we compare simulation results and real observation. These results conclude that the CR gain could estimate by using our analytical model.
提高无线网络的服务质量(QoS)对移动用户来说是非常重要和必要的。我们之前提出了舒适路线(CR)导航,它使用高QoS通信区域(如Wi-Fi ap)而不是地理最短路线(SR)将用户导航到目的地。在本文中,我们采用一种分析模型以理论方式估计CR增益,该模型假设可用的蜂窝和Wi-Fi吞吐量在其覆盖范围内是均匀的。利用无线网络带宽和传输时间等基本参数计算CR增益。为了验证我们的模型,我们将仿真结果与实际观测结果进行了比较。这些结果表明,利用我们的分析模型可以估计出CR增益。
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引用次数: 0
In-network guide performance in wireless multi-hop cache networks 无线多跳缓存网络的网内导引性能
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996590
Kento Ikkaku, Yukio Sakaguchi, M. Yamamoto
In wireless multi-hop networks, content servers are generally located outside a wireless multi-hop network and a user accesses these servers through a gateway node. So, content traffic has a tendency to be concentrated at a gateway node, which might cause throughput degradation in a whole wireless multi-hop network. Caching network is one promising way to resolve this technical problem. However, caching network has a limitation of cache availability on a default-path. For wired networks, Breadcrumbs has been proposed as in-network guide for cached contents. In this paper, we evaluate Breadcrumbs in wireless multi-hop networks. Our simulation results show that Breadcrumbs improves total throughput performance of wireless multi-hop networks. And also they surprisingly show that not only popular content throughput but also unpopular content throughput is improved.
在无线多跳网络中,内容服务器通常位于无线多跳网络之外,用户通过网关节点访问这些服务器。因此,内容流量倾向于集中在网关节点,这可能会导致整个无线多跳网络的吞吐量下降。缓存网络是解决这一技术问题的一种很有前途的方法。但是,缓存网络对默认路径上的缓存可用性有限制。对于有线网络,面包屑被提议作为缓存内容的网络内指南。本文对无线多跳网络中的面包屑进行了评估。仿真结果表明,面包屑提高了无线多跳网络的总吞吐量性能。令人惊讶的是,不仅流行内容的吞吐量得到了提高,不流行内容的吞吐量也得到了提高。
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引用次数: 2
A performance comparison of in-memory Virtual Desktop Environment 内存虚拟桌面环境的性能比较
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996592
Dai Hoang Tran, Tien-Dung Nguyen, E. Huh, C. Hong
In-memory Computing (IMC) is the new trend for enabling high-performance computation and fast data processing. It is currently being used for large enterprises, e-commerce shops who need real-time interactions, low latency responses and instant results. Given the enhancement of the IMC, we apply this new paradigm to the Virtual Desktop Environment (VDE), and look into the performance differences in comparison with traditional VDE. The end results shows positive feedback, but there are trade-offs we need to concern for the In-memory Virtual Desktop Environment.
内存计算(IMC)是实现高性能计算和快速数据处理的新趋势。它目前被用于需要实时交互、低延迟响应和即时结果的大型企业、电子商务商店。鉴于IMC的增强,我们将这种新范例应用于虚拟桌面环境(VDE),并研究与传统VDE相比的性能差异。最终结果显示了积极的反馈,但是对于内存中的虚拟桌面环境,我们需要考虑一些权衡。
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引用次数: 0
A load balance algorithm based on nodes performance in Hadoop cluster Hadoop集群中基于节点性能的负载均衡算法
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996555
Zhipeng Gao, Dan-qian Liu, Yang Yang, Jingchen Zheng, Yuwen Hao
MapReduce is an important distributed programming model for large-scale data-parallel applications like web indexing, data mining, and scientific simulation. Hadoop is an open-source implementation of MapReduce and it is often applied to short jobs for which low response time is critical. When the cluster nodes are homogeneous, Hadoop has a good performance. In practice, the homogeneity assumptions do not always hold. In heterogeneous environment, there are various devices which vary greatly in the capacities of computation, communication, architectures, memories and power. When different nodes process the same amount of data, load balancing problem occurs. In this paper we address the problem of how to assign data after Map phase to balance the execution time of each Reduce task by proposing a novel load balancing algorithm based on nodes performance (LBNP), in which the input data of poor performance nodes are decreased. Simulation results indicate that all the Reduce tasks can be completed in the same time which shortens the whole Reduce phase. Thus the efficiency of MapReduce is improved.
MapReduce是一个重要的分布式编程模型,适用于web索引、数据挖掘和科学模拟等大规模数据并行应用。Hadoop是MapReduce的开源实现,它经常应用于短作业,对这些作业来说,低响应时间至关重要。当集群节点同构时,Hadoop具有良好的性能。在实践中,同质性假设并不总是成立。在异构环境中,有各种各样的设备,它们在计算能力、通信能力、体系结构、存储能力和功率方面差异很大。当不同节点处理的数据量相同时,就会出现负载均衡问题。本文提出了一种基于节点性能的负载平衡算法(LBNP),通过减少性能较差节点的输入数据,解决了Map阶段后如何分配数据以平衡每个Reduce任务的执行时间的问题。仿真结果表明,所有的Reduce任务可以在同一时间内完成,从而缩短了整个Reduce阶段。从而提高了MapReduce的效率。
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引用次数: 13
Network dimensioning methodology in packet-optical transport network 分组光传输网络中的网络量纲方法
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/APNOMS.2014.6996103
Jieun Lee, Byoungkwon Shim
Packet-Optical Transport Network (POTN) technologies and architectures integrate the functional switching capability of WDM wavelengths, Ethernet via various protocols, OTN/ODU as well as TDM. From a telecommunication service provider's view, it is a great advantage to replace various multiple-layer network equipment with the unified equipment using POTN technologies. On the other hand, it is a drawback to increase the complexity to operate highly-integrated equipment and to manage the network fluently. In this paper, we investigate considerations for dimensioning POTN and then we design the POTN Dimensioning System to reduce our operation and configuration complexities. Finally we suggest the result of network capacity in POTN through a test network dimensioning.
分组光传输网络(POTN)技术和体系结构集成了WDM波长的功能交换能力,通过各种协议的以太网,OTN/ODU以及TDM。从电信服务提供商的角度来看,使用pon技术将各种多层网络设备替换为统一的设备具有很大的优势。另一方面,对高度集成化的设备进行操作,对网络进行流畅的管理,增加了复杂性是缺点。在本文中,我们研究了POTN标注的考虑因素,然后设计了POTN标注系统,以减少我们的操作和配置复杂性。最后通过测试网络维度给出了pon网络容量的计算结果。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
The 16th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium
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