Pub Date : 2015-04-02DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000181
B. Lawal, O. Secka
This Commentary is aimed at examining the current attitude of healthcare providers towards pathogenic fungi, with more emphasis on The Gambia setting, and to make recommendations for better infectious disease diagnosis and management. It is a known fact that fungi are important infectious diseases causative agents, clinicians however hardly request for medical mycology laboratory tests either because they choose to treat empirically or due to lack of competent mycology laboratories around. Various literature reviewed shows that some signs and symptoms of fungal infections are similar to those caused by bacteria and viruses or both; therefore, there are possibilities of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of some diseases. Further mycological studies among Gambian population and inclusion of pathogenic fungal investigations in routine disease diagnosis should be considered.
{"title":"Pathogenic Fungi - Neglected Infectious Agents? A Commentary on the Gambian Situation","authors":"B. Lawal, O. Secka","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000181","url":null,"abstract":"This Commentary is aimed at examining the current attitude of healthcare providers towards pathogenic fungi, with more emphasis on The Gambia setting, and to make recommendations for better infectious disease diagnosis and management. It is a known fact that fungi are important infectious diseases causative agents, clinicians however hardly request for medical mycology laboratory tests either because they choose to treat empirically or due to lack of competent mycology laboratories around. Various literature reviewed shows that some signs and symptoms of fungal infections are similar to those caused by bacteria and viruses or both; therefore, there are possibilities of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of some diseases. Further mycological studies among Gambian population and inclusion of pathogenic fungal investigations in routine disease diagnosis should be considered.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114913703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-24DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000178
T. Marrie
{"title":"Q Fever Osteomyelitis - DonâÂÂt Treat the Scan","authors":"T. Marrie","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133935510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Young children are major reservoir for community acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and accelerate transmission of CA-MRSA. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the nasal carriage and antimicrobial resistance patterns of MRSA isolates among school children in Bahir Dar town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the nasal carriage rate and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA isolates among school children. A total of 300 nasal swabs were collected from March 1 to June 30, 2013. MRSA was detected using both Cefoxitin (30 μg) and Oxacillin (1 μg) discs in combination and risk factors were assessed using self-administered structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS V-20. Result: Of 123 S. aureus isolates 17(13.8%) were MRSA isolates. The main risk factors for nasal carriage of MRSA in the study area were, having recurrent acute otitis media and use of an antibiotic in the previous year. The Susceptibility profiles of MRSA isolates were (94.1%) to Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and Clindamycin, (88.2%) to Ceftriaxone, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and (58.8%) to Doxycycline. All the isolates were resistant to Penicillin G and sensitive to Gentamycin. Conclusion: This study showed a rising rate of nasal carriage of MRSA among school children. Previous use of antibiotics by the children was statistically associated with MRSA carriage. Therefore developing decolonization protocols and proper utilization of drugs are needed in order to reduce the transmission and the burden of MRSA.
{"title":"Nasal Carriage, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among School Children in Ethiopia","authors":"Alemayehu Reta, Lealem Gedefaw, Tsegaye Sewunet, Getenet Beyene","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Young children are major reservoir for community acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and accelerate transmission of CA-MRSA. \u0000Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the nasal carriage and antimicrobial resistance patterns of MRSA isolates among school children in Bahir Dar town, Ethiopia. \u0000Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the nasal carriage rate and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA isolates among school children. A total of 300 nasal swabs were collected from March 1 to June 30, 2013. MRSA was detected using both Cefoxitin (30 μg) and Oxacillin (1 μg) discs in combination and risk factors were assessed using self-administered structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS V-20. \u0000Result: Of 123 S. aureus isolates 17(13.8%) were MRSA isolates. The main risk factors for nasal carriage of MRSA in the study area were, having recurrent acute otitis media and use of an antibiotic in the previous year. The Susceptibility profiles of MRSA isolates were (94.1%) to Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and Clindamycin, (88.2%) to Ceftriaxone, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and (58.8%) to Doxycycline. All the isolates were resistant to Penicillin G and sensitive to Gentamycin. \u0000Conclusion: This study showed a rising rate of nasal carriage of MRSA among school children. Previous use of antibiotics by the children was statistically associated with MRSA carriage. Therefore developing decolonization protocols and proper utilization of drugs are needed in order to reduce the transmission and the burden of MRSA.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123156695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-29DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000E127
M. Marinho, T. C. C. Silva
The leptospirosis is a re-emerging anthropozoonos is worldwide distribution. The immunopathogenesis of the disease is extremely complex. Which one the role of inflammatory mediatorys, cytokines, outer membrane proteins, apoptosis and others factors related with the virulence of the pathogen during the infection.
{"title":"Pathogenesis of Leptospirosis: Important Issues","authors":"M. Marinho, T. C. C. Silva","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000E127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000E127","url":null,"abstract":"The leptospirosis is a re-emerging anthropozoonos is worldwide distribution. The immunopathogenesis of the disease is extremely complex. Which one the role of inflammatory mediatorys, cytokines, outer membrane proteins, apoptosis and others factors related with the virulence of the pathogen during the infection.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128762489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-29DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000175
M. Nasser
More than hundreds pathogens of mycobacterium have been identified till now but a minority of these bugs cause diseases in humans. M. simiae, an emerging bacterium that has been discovered recently, commonly recovered from human sputum especially in patients with underlying lung diseases. Most commonly this bacterium is a bystander rather than a true culprit. Such differentiation is critical to avoid unnecessary long term treatment not free of side effects.
{"title":"All about Mycobacterium simiae in Brief","authors":"M. Nasser","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000175","url":null,"abstract":"More than hundreds pathogens of mycobacterium have been identified till now but a minority of these bugs cause diseases in humans. M. simiae, an emerging bacterium that has been discovered recently, commonly recovered from human sputum especially in patients with underlying lung diseases. Most commonly this bacterium is a bystander rather than a true culprit. Such differentiation is critical to avoid unnecessary long term treatment not free of side effects.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123047682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-27DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000171
M. Schuurmans, N. Mueller
Influenza virus infection poses a considerable risk for complications to the general population and in particular to solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Life-long immunosuppression in SOTR likely contributes to delayed clearance of influenza virus from the airways: Prolonged Viral Shedding (PVS) has important implications for potential infectivity and infection control measures. Duration of infectivity as measured by viral culture has been reported to last 4-6 days in the non-transplant setting. Shedding measured by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in immune competent patients is similar, 5-6 days. To date there is no recommended or widely accepted definition of PVS for influenza virus infections. The lack of a PVS definition makes comparisons between studies difficult. Most studies assess shedding duration by serial PCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. A number of studies calculate shedding from the time of onset of symptoms to the last positive detection. Shedding is considered to be “prolonged” if it continues on or beyond day 7 or 14. However, considerable variability exists in defining PVS. A large number of studies rely on two objective measures to define the duration of shedding: This requires at least two positive detections of viral material, usually by PCR. We discuss the different aspects of these definitions and propose a practical definition that takes into account a number of factors relevant to the topic.
{"title":"Prolonged Viral Shedding of Influenza Virus: Which Definition?","authors":"M. Schuurmans, N. Mueller","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000171","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza virus infection poses a considerable risk for complications to the general population and in particular to solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Life-long immunosuppression in SOTR likely contributes to delayed clearance of influenza virus from the airways: Prolonged Viral Shedding (PVS) has important implications for potential infectivity and infection control measures. Duration of infectivity as measured by viral culture has been reported to last 4-6 days in the non-transplant setting. Shedding measured by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in immune competent patients is similar, 5-6 days. To date there is no recommended or widely accepted definition of PVS for influenza virus infections. The lack of a PVS definition makes comparisons between studies difficult. Most studies assess shedding duration by serial PCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. A number of studies calculate shedding from the time of onset of symptoms to the last positive detection. Shedding is considered to be “prolonged” if it continues on or beyond day 7 or 14. However, considerable variability exists in defining PVS. A large number of studies rely on two objective measures to define the duration of shedding: This requires at least two positive detections of viral material, usually by PCR. We discuss the different aspects of these definitions and propose a practical definition that takes into account a number of factors relevant to the topic.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134322023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-22DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000170
N. Hussein, H. Al-Mathkhury, M. Sabbah
Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) represents one of the important causing agents of nosocomial infections especially in immunocompromised and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) patients. The aim of this work was to identify the Imipenem-Resistant genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Baghdad hospitals. Among 128 A. baumannii isolates, 67 isolates (58.26%) were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. Four genes for imipenem resistance (blaOXA-23 like, blaOXA-24 like, blaOXA-51like and blaOXA-58 like) were amplified and sequenced. The presence of blaOXA-23-like genes in 91.03% of IRAB isolates indicated that the blaOXA-23-like genes are the predominant mechanism for imipenem resistance in our isolates. Sequencing of PCR products showed the presence of new OXA-genes in local A. baumannii isolates including: OXA-207, OXA-239 and OXA-229 among the genes of OXA-24-like, OXA-23-like and OXA-58-like genes, respectively. In conclusion, this study identifies the genes responsible for the imipenem resistance in Baghdad which is important to understand the imipenem resistance and to suggest plans for treatment of patients in future.
{"title":"Identification of Imipenem-Resistant Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Baghdad Hospitals","authors":"N. Hussein, H. Al-Mathkhury, M. Sabbah","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000170","url":null,"abstract":"Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) represents one of the important causing agents of nosocomial infections especially in immunocompromised and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) patients. The aim of this work was to identify the Imipenem-Resistant genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Baghdad hospitals. Among 128 A. baumannii isolates, 67 isolates (58.26%) were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. Four genes for imipenem resistance (blaOXA-23 like, blaOXA-24 like, blaOXA-51like and blaOXA-58 like) were amplified and sequenced. The presence of blaOXA-23-like genes in 91.03% of IRAB isolates indicated that the blaOXA-23-like genes are the predominant mechanism for imipenem resistance in our isolates. Sequencing of PCR products showed the presence of new OXA-genes in local A. baumannii isolates including: OXA-207, OXA-239 and OXA-229 among the genes of OXA-24-like, OXA-23-like and OXA-58-like genes, respectively. In conclusion, this study identifies the genes responsible for the imipenem resistance in Baghdad which is important to understand the imipenem resistance and to suggest plans for treatment of patients in future.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134346293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-31DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000169
Latha Jp, S. Rajendran, G. Umamaheswari, Sumathi
S. aureus causes superficial to deep seated infections in human beings. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus arueus (MRSA) evolved in the 1960s and since then has become a worldwide concern owing to increasing morbidity and mortality in health-care settings and even community. (MRSA) is a resistant variant of S. aureus which are resistant to beta-lactum antibiotics and other classes of antimicrobials. Early and accurate detection of MRSA and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile is therefore imperative for the selection of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. A total of 300 isolates of S. aureus collected from January 2010 to December 2012 were included in the study. S. aureus was characterized based on morphological and biochemical characters. To receive a pure culture, the isolates were grown on mannitol salt agar with supplement 5% v/v egg yolk emulsion. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out on the strains by disc diffusion technique and the results interrupted according to Clinical laboratory standards International (CLSI) guidelines. A significant proportion of the S. aureus isolates were obtained from the exudates (226) specimens in all the three years followed by blood (48), urine (16) and respiratory (10). The average resistance seen in the 300 isolates tested was ampicillin (97.2%), cephelaxin (94%), cefotaxime (96.4%), cloxacillin (100%), erythromycin (82.6%), Gentamycin (76.3%), ciprofloxacin (54.4%), clindamycin (40.4%) and linezolid and vancomycin were susceptible for all the strains. In conclusion, the prevalence of MRSA in our health-care setting is 45% among the clinical isolates of S. aureus. Active screening and proper infection control procedures need to be adopted to control the MRSA infection.
{"title":"Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, South India","authors":"Latha Jp, S. Rajendran, G. Umamaheswari, Sumathi","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000169","url":null,"abstract":"S. aureus causes superficial to deep seated infections in human beings. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus arueus (MRSA) evolved in the 1960s and since then has become a worldwide concern owing to increasing morbidity and mortality in health-care settings and even community. (MRSA) is a resistant variant of S. aureus which are resistant to beta-lactum antibiotics and other classes of antimicrobials. Early and accurate detection of MRSA and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile is therefore imperative for the selection of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. A total of 300 isolates of S. aureus collected from January 2010 to December 2012 were included in the study. S. aureus was characterized based on morphological and biochemical characters. To receive a pure culture, the isolates were grown on mannitol salt agar with supplement 5% v/v egg yolk emulsion. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out on the strains by disc diffusion technique and the results interrupted according to Clinical laboratory standards International (CLSI) guidelines. A significant proportion of the S. aureus isolates were obtained from the exudates (226) specimens in all the three years followed by blood (48), urine (16) and respiratory (10). The average resistance seen in the 300 isolates tested was ampicillin (97.2%), cephelaxin (94%), cefotaxime (96.4%), cloxacillin (100%), erythromycin (82.6%), Gentamycin (76.3%), ciprofloxacin (54.4%), clindamycin (40.4%) and linezolid and vancomycin were susceptible for all the strains. In conclusion, the prevalence of MRSA in our health-care setting is 45% among the clinical isolates of S. aureus. Active screening and proper infection control procedures need to be adopted to control the MRSA infection.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134121004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-31DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000168
P. Pingle
Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) comprises 15% of the total tuberculosis cases. In cases of suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis, rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis is of prime importance, since traditional techniques of detecting acid-fast bacilli have limitations. The major difficulty with mycobacteria in tissue samples is achieving optimal cell lysis. A comparison of two methods, pretreatment of tissue with 4% Sodium Hypochlorite in Bleach concentration method and pretreatment with petroff’s method before culture on Lowenstein Jensen medium, was conducted on 18 extrapulmonary tissue specimens collected from different sites of suspected TB patients to evaluate the use of Bleach concentration method in tissue samples. The aim of this study is to apply this method for demonstration of AFB in tissue samples obtained from extrapulmonary sites and to correlate with Ziehl Neelson staining and LJ culture. A total of 18 tissue samples were studied from clinically suspected cases of Extra pulmonary TB which included endometrial tissue (15), (1) from kidney and (1) from brain. All the samples were processed for conventional ZN staining, bleach concentration method, PCR and AFB culture on LJ media. Out of 18 samples none were suggestive for TB by ZN staining, while 1(5.55%) was positive by PCR, 3(16.66%) were suggestive by bleach concentration method and the same i.e. 3(16.66%) came positive on LJ culture hence confirming the method. However to the best of our knowledge this is the pioneer study applied to the tissue samples and the results of the present study shows improved detection of AFB.
{"title":"Application of Bleach Concentration Method in Tissue Samples Received for Diagnosis of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis","authors":"P. Pingle","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000168","url":null,"abstract":"Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) comprises 15% of the total tuberculosis cases. In cases of suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis, rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis is of prime importance, since traditional techniques of detecting acid-fast bacilli have limitations. The major difficulty with mycobacteria in tissue samples is achieving optimal cell lysis. A comparison of two methods, pretreatment of tissue with 4% Sodium Hypochlorite in Bleach concentration method and pretreatment with petroff’s method before culture on Lowenstein Jensen medium, was conducted on 18 extrapulmonary tissue specimens collected from different sites of suspected TB patients to evaluate the use of Bleach concentration method in tissue samples. The aim of this study is to apply this method for demonstration of AFB in tissue samples obtained from extrapulmonary sites and to correlate with Ziehl Neelson staining and LJ culture. A total of 18 tissue samples were studied from clinically suspected cases of Extra pulmonary TB which included endometrial tissue (15), (1) from kidney and (1) from brain. All the samples were processed for conventional ZN staining, bleach concentration method, PCR and AFB culture on LJ media. Out of 18 samples none were suggestive for TB by ZN staining, while 1(5.55%) was positive by PCR, 3(16.66%) were suggestive by bleach concentration method and the same i.e. 3(16.66%) came positive on LJ culture hence confirming the method. However to the best of our knowledge this is the pioneer study applied to the tissue samples and the results of the present study shows improved detection of AFB.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133295413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000167
Otomi Cho, N. Mekha, A. Kalkancı, M. Takashima, S. Kurakado, T. Sugita
The basidiomycetous yeast Trichosporon faecale is considered to be a non-pathogenic fungus; however, the microorganism has been isolated from clinical specimens in several countries. Trichosporon faecale is classified as type I, II, or III depending on the sequence of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region in its rRNA gene. In this study, 28 T. faecale strains obtained from Japanese subjects and environmental samples were found to be type I. In addition, T. faecale was detected by PCR in 32 scale samples from 146 Japanese healthy subjects, and all 32 samples were found to be type I. Our findings suggest a lack of intraspecific diversity among T. faecale samples originating from Japanese subjects and that T. faecale is part of the skin fungal microbiome.
{"title":"Genotypic Analysis of a New Fungal Pathogen, Trichosporon faecale, Isolated from Japanese Subjects","authors":"Otomi Cho, N. Mekha, A. Kalkancı, M. Takashima, S. Kurakado, T. Sugita","doi":"10.4172/2161-0703.1000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0703.1000167","url":null,"abstract":"The basidiomycetous yeast Trichosporon faecale is considered to be a non-pathogenic fungus; however, the microorganism has been isolated from clinical specimens in several countries. Trichosporon faecale is classified as type I, II, or III depending on the sequence of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region in its rRNA gene. In this study, 28 T. faecale strains obtained from Japanese subjects and environmental samples were found to be type I. In addition, T. faecale was detected by PCR in 32 scale samples from 146 Japanese healthy subjects, and all 32 samples were found to be type I. Our findings suggest a lack of intraspecific diversity among T. faecale samples originating from Japanese subjects and that T. faecale is part of the skin fungal microbiome.","PeriodicalId":269971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125541033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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