Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160264
Wenli Zhang, Yuting Luo, Junke Tao, Geng Liu, Bei Li, Yu Teng, Jianrong Xu, Lei Feng, Zhen You
Designing a non-invasive, portable, and ultrasensitive detection strategy is crucial for the clinical point-of-care diagnosis of liver cancer, particularly given the low abundance of liver cancer biomarkers in complex fluid samples. Field-effect transistors provide an efficient detection method that can be miniaturized and integrated. Additionally, exosomal microRNAs in urine offer a promising approach for minimally invasive detection of biological fluids. However, developing a strategy that meets the requirements of portability, non-invasiveness, and ultra-sensitivity remains a significant challenge. In this study, an interdigitated field-effect transistor that incorporates metal carbide@carbon nanotubes (MC@CNT-iFETs) as the semiconductor material is introduced, specifically designed for the efficient detection of exosomal microRNA-122. The unique two-dimensional structure of the metal carbide significantly enhances sensitivity, while the inclusion of carbon nanotubes improves the electrical conductivity and transconductance of the semiconductor by 0.83-fold and 0.42-fold, respectively. The MC@CNT-iFETs demonstrate a limit of detection for microRNA-122, as low as 0.12 fM. Furthermore, these devices exhibit high specificity, reproducibility, and stability. Clinically, MC@CNT-iFETs demonstrates a strong correlation with q-PCR results, effectively distinguishing between 25 healthy individuals and 25 patients with liver cancer (R2 = 0.8977). Statistical analyses reveal significant differentiation between controls and patients with liver cancer. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yields an area under the curve of 0.9776. These findings highlight the potential of MC@CNT-iFETs for ultra-sensitive, non-invasive detection of liver cancer in complex biofluids, particularly by providing ultrasensitivity, portability, and non-invasive diagnosis capabilities in personalized diagnostics and medicine.
{"title":"Miniaturized and portable device for Noninvasive, ultrasensitive and point-of-care diagnosis by engineered Metal-Carbide-based field effect transistor","authors":"Wenli Zhang, Yuting Luo, Junke Tao, Geng Liu, Bei Li, Yu Teng, Jianrong Xu, Lei Feng, Zhen You","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160264","url":null,"abstract":"Designing a non-invasive, portable, and ultrasensitive detection strategy is crucial for the clinical point-of-care diagnosis of liver cancer, particularly given the low abundance of liver cancer biomarkers in complex fluid samples. Field-effect transistors provide an efficient detection method that can be miniaturized and integrated. Additionally, exosomal microRNAs in urine offer a promising approach for minimally invasive detection of biological fluids. However, developing a strategy that meets the requirements of portability, non-invasiveness, and ultra-sensitivity remains a significant challenge. In this study, an interdigitated field-effect transistor that incorporates metal carbide@carbon nanotubes (MC@CNT-iFETs) as the semiconductor material is introduced, specifically designed for the efficient detection of exosomal microRNA-122. The unique two-dimensional structure of the metal carbide significantly enhances sensitivity, while the inclusion of carbon nanotubes improves the electrical conductivity and transconductance of the semiconductor by 0.83-fold and 0.42-fold, respectively. The MC@CNT-iFETs demonstrate a limit of detection for microRNA-122, as low as 0.12 fM. Furthermore, these devices exhibit high specificity, reproducibility, and stability. Clinically, MC@CNT-iFETs demonstrates a strong correlation with q-PCR results, effectively distinguishing between 25 healthy individuals and 25 patients with liver cancer (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8977). Statistical analyses reveal significant differentiation between controls and patients with liver cancer. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yields an area under the curve of 0.9776. These findings highlight the potential of MC@CNT-iFETs for ultra-sensitive, non-invasive detection of liver cancer in complex biofluids, particularly by providing ultrasensitivity, portability, and non-invasive diagnosis capabilities in personalized diagnostics and medicine.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"269 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160174
Bing Liu, Pan Guo, Yunkun Dai, Bo Liu, Ziyu Zhang, Jiajun Cai, Yunfei Xia, Qinmin Pan, Lixiao Shen, Yunlong Zhang, Lei Zhao, Zhenbo Wang
Single-atom catalysts with FeNx centers are hitherto recognized as the promising alternative to Pt for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Nevertheless, the undesirable bonding strength to intermediates on FeNx generated by their symmetrical electronic structure still limits the desorption of intermediates, thus resulting in sluggish kinetics. Herein, an asymmetric atomic strain modulation strategy of Fe sites by constructing selective C- N cleavage around Fe- N4 is proposed. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations reveal that asymmetric atomic strains of Fe- N4 induce an asymmetric electronic distribution of Fe-centers. The resultant widened d-band broadening of Fe and the increased Fe-*OH antibonding-orbital occupancy render modest adsorption between Fe sites and intermediates, thus boosting ORR intrinsic activity. The engineered asymmetric atomic strain environment accelerates the *OH desorption as verified by in-situ Raman spectroscopy. Impressively, the constructed strain-modulated FeN4 catalyst (FeN4-SM) delivers superior activity and stability in the acidic medium, as evidenced by the half-wave potential (E1/2) with 0.83 V and a loss of only 16 mV in E1/2 after 60, 000 potential cycles, as well as an exceptional peak power density of 1.086 W cm−2 in H2/O2 fuel cell. This work provides a foundational understanding of regulating electronic structure in asymmetric strain environment and guides the rational engineering of overadsorbed single-atomic catalysts.
{"title":"Tailoring asymmetric atomic strain of FeN4 sites for enhanced acidic oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Bing Liu, Pan Guo, Yunkun Dai, Bo Liu, Ziyu Zhang, Jiajun Cai, Yunfei Xia, Qinmin Pan, Lixiao Shen, Yunlong Zhang, Lei Zhao, Zhenbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160174","url":null,"abstract":"Single-atom catalysts with FeN<sub>x</sub> centers are hitherto recognized as the promising alternative to Pt for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Nevertheless, the undesirable bonding strength to intermediates on FeN<sub>x</sub> generated by their symmetrical electronic structure still limits the desorption of intermediates, thus resulting in sluggish kinetics. Herein, an asymmetric atomic strain modulation strategy of Fe sites by constructing selective C- N cleavage around Fe- N<sub>4</sub> is proposed. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations reveal that asymmetric atomic strains of Fe- N<sub>4</sub> induce an asymmetric electronic distribution of Fe-centers. The resultant widened d-band broadening of Fe and the increased Fe-*OH antibonding-orbital occupancy render modest adsorption between Fe sites and intermediates, thus boosting ORR intrinsic activity. The engineered asymmetric atomic strain environment accelerates the *OH desorption as verified by in-situ Raman spectroscopy. Impressively, the constructed strain-modulated FeN<sub>4</sub> catalyst (FeN<sub>4</sub>-SM) delivers superior activity and stability in the acidic medium, as evidenced by the half-wave potential (<em>E</em><sub>1/2</sub>) with 0.83 V and a loss of only 16 mV in <em>E</em><sub>1/2</sub> after 60, 000 potential cycles, as well as an exceptional peak power density of 1.086 W cm<sup>−2</sup> in H<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>2</sub> fuel cell. This work provides a foundational understanding of regulating electronic structure in asymmetric strain environment and guides the rational engineering of overadsorbed single-atomic catalysts.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160259
Xiaoxiao Lang, Weiqing Lan, Shucheng Liu, Xiaohong Sun
Microbiological contamination remains a significant challenge on the spoilage of aquatic products. The rapid proliferation of specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in aquatic products can lead to the generation of harmful substances, thereby degrading the quality of these products. This underscores an urgent demand for innovative strategies to overcome this challenge. Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) emerge as a promising approach in that they can mitigate microbial contamination by disrupting bacterial communication mechanisms, especially in strains prevalent in aquatic products. The signaling molecules involved in quorum sensing (QS) in aquatic products play a critical role in regulating bacterial population behavior. Inhibiting the QS system of bacteria offers an innovative strategy for bacterial control, which does not rely on the direct killing of bacteria but rather on the attenuation of their spoilage effects in aquatic products by disrupting their collective behavior. Plant extracts employed as QSIs have demonstrated the potential to effectively prolong the shelf life of food products owing to their natural, environmentally friendly, and potentially antimicrobial properties, thus rendering them a promising solution for the preservation of aquatic products. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of common signaling molecules and QS systems in SSOs of aquatic products. Besides, it evaluates the potential of plant extracts as QSIs to prolong the shelf life of aquatic products by inhibiting their QS mechanisms. Additionally, this review also highlights the potential application of plant-derived QSIs in the preservation of aquatic products.
{"title":"Quorum sensing inhibitory of plant extracts on specific spoilage organisms and the potential utilization on the preservation of aquatic products","authors":"Xiaoxiao Lang, Weiqing Lan, Shucheng Liu, Xiaohong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160259","url":null,"abstract":"Microbiological contamination remains a significant challenge on the spoilage of aquatic products. The rapid proliferation of specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in aquatic products can lead to the generation of harmful substances, thereby degrading the quality of these products. This underscores an urgent demand for innovative strategies to overcome this challenge. Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) emerge as a promising approach in that they can mitigate microbial contamination by disrupting bacterial communication mechanisms, especially in strains prevalent in aquatic products. The signaling molecules involved in quorum sensing (QS) in aquatic products play a critical role in regulating bacterial population behavior. Inhibiting the QS system of bacteria offers an innovative strategy for bacterial control, which does not rely on the direct killing of bacteria but rather on the attenuation of their spoilage effects in aquatic products by disrupting their collective behavior. Plant extracts employed as QSIs have demonstrated the potential to effectively prolong the shelf life of food products owing to their natural, environmentally friendly, and potentially antimicrobial properties, thus rendering them a promising solution for the preservation of aquatic products. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of common signaling molecules and QS systems in SSOs of aquatic products. Besides, it evaluates the potential of plant extracts as QSIs to prolong the shelf life of aquatic products by inhibiting their QS mechanisms. Additionally, this review also highlights the potential application of plant-derived QSIs in the preservation of aquatic products.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MXene-based aerogel has shown great application potential in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding because of its low density and low reflection efficiency. However, the fabrication of MXene-based aerogels for EMI shielding with exceptional elasticity, compressibility, and durability remains a challenge because of the limited mechanical property and oxidation behavior of MXene. Here, MXene/carboxymethylcellulose sodium composite aerogels were prepared by using unidirectional freezing combined with binary organosilane cross-linking. The composite aerogel with a MXene content of 90 % displayed an exceptional EMI shielding efficiency (45.8 dB) at a super low density (19.75 mg/cm3), and the density-normalized shielding efficiency achieved a high level of 11,595 dB·cm2/g. The modification of organosilanes endowed the cross-linking network formed in the composite aerogel with great elasticity and compressibility. The organosilanes also helped the aerogel build a superhydrophobic surface, leading to a contact angle of 151.5°. Given the excellent superhydrophobicity and mechanical properties, the aerogel could maintain its EMI shielding performance after being dipped in water or compressed for 100 times. Furthermore, the aerogel prepared in this study possessed thermal insulation performance and piezoresistive feature. This study provides a convenient strategy to fabricate multifunctional MXene-based aerogels with low density, elasticity, and durability, which shows great application potential in the fields of EMI protection, thermal management, wearable devices, and smart sensors.
{"title":"Lightweight, superhydrophobic, and superelastic MXene/carboxymethylcellulose sodium composite aerogels for efficient and multifunctional electromagnetic interference shielding","authors":"Jiadong Li, Caiyun Liang, Chuanwei Lin, Yuna Wang, Yongjiu Liang, Dewen Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160274","url":null,"abstract":"MXene-based aerogel has shown great application potential in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding because of its low density and low reflection efficiency. However, the fabrication of MXene-based aerogels for EMI shielding with exceptional elasticity, compressibility, and durability remains a challenge because of the limited mechanical property and oxidation behavior of MXene. Here, MXene/carboxymethylcellulose sodium composite aerogels were prepared by using unidirectional freezing combined with binary organosilane cross-linking. The composite aerogel with a MXene content of 90 % displayed an exceptional EMI shielding efficiency (45.8 dB) at a super low density (19.75 mg/cm<sup>3</sup>), and the density-normalized shielding efficiency achieved a high level of 11,595 dB·cm<sup>2</sup>/g. The modification of organosilanes endowed the cross-linking network formed in the composite aerogel with great elasticity and compressibility. The organosilanes also helped the aerogel build a superhydrophobic surface, leading to a contact angle of 151.5°. Given the excellent superhydrophobicity and mechanical properties, the aerogel could maintain its EMI shielding performance after being dipped in water or compressed for 100 times. Furthermore, the aerogel prepared in this study possessed thermal insulation performance and piezoresistive feature. This study provides a convenient strategy to fabricate multifunctional MXene-based aerogels with low density, elasticity, and durability, which shows great application potential in the fields of EMI protection, thermal management, wearable devices, and smart sensors.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polymer dielectrics are key component for energy storage capacitors in modern electronical equipment with their high breakdown strength, great reliability and processable for large-scale manufacture. However, deteriorated capacitive performance due to dramatically increased conductive loss at elevated temperature fails polymer dielectrics to meet the rising demand for harsh working environment. Herein, a novel thermosetting polymer benzoxazines (BZ) is selected, and a serial of polyetherimide (PEI)/benzoxazines (BZ) dielectric films designed with rich traps are prepared for high temperature capacitive application. The density functional theory (DFT) simulations have revealed that energy barrier can be formed based on the difference in energy band structure of BZ and PEI. Constructed concurrently with dense cross-linking network formed by the polymerization of benzoxazines monomers, PEI/BZ composites can exhibits great capability in restraining the charge transport, suppressing the leakage current density, therefore endowing a significant improvement in energy storage density at elevated temperature. At 150 °C, the PEI/5 wt% BZ composite processes energy storage density (Ue) as high as 4.64 J cm−3 with charge–discharge efficiency of 92 % at 550 MV m−1, representing a 2.3-fold increase compared to pure PEI, and capacitive reliability of 50,000 cycles at 400 MV m−1. Notably, integrated with the controllability of BZ monomer, straightforward film fabrication and the over-all low cost, this design strategy have shed a bright light in the industrial manufacture of high-temperature capacitive materials with superior energy storage performance.
{"title":"Scalable all-organic polymer dielectrics for high-temperature film capacitors with construction of deep-trap level and cross-linking network","authors":"Qitong Wang, Tianze Wang, Hui Chi, Danying Zhao, Lixuan Yu, Zhenhua Jiang, Yunhe Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160204","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer dielectrics are key component for energy storage capacitors in modern electronical equipment with their high breakdown strength, great reliability and processable for large-scale manufacture. However, deteriorated capacitive performance due to dramatically increased conductive loss at elevated temperature fails polymer dielectrics to meet the rising demand for harsh working environment. Herein, a novel thermosetting polymer benzoxazines (BZ) is selected, and a serial of polyetherimide (PEI)/benzoxazines (BZ) dielectric films designed with rich traps are prepared for high temperature capacitive application. The density functional theory (DFT) simulations have revealed that energy barrier can be formed based on the difference in energy band structure of BZ and PEI. Constructed concurrently with dense cross-linking network formed by the polymerization of benzoxazines monomers, PEI/BZ composites can exhibits great capability in restraining the charge transport, suppressing the leakage current density, therefore endowing a significant improvement in energy storage density at elevated temperature. At 150 °C, the PEI/5 wt% BZ composite processes energy storage density (<em>U<sub>e</sub></em>) as high as 4.64 J cm<sup>−3</sup> with charge–discharge efficiency of 92 % at 550 MV m<sup>−1</sup>, representing a 2.3-fold increase compared to pure PEI, and capacitive reliability of 50,000 cycles at 400 MV m<sup>−1</sup>. Notably, integrated with the controllability of BZ monomer, straightforward film fabrication and the over-all low cost, this design strategy have shed a bright light in the industrial manufacture of high-temperature capacitive materials with superior energy storage performance.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160241
Ruixin Zhu, Daikun Jia, Dandan Zhu, Xinling Wang
Poly (acrylic acid) - choline chloride (PAA-ChCl) eutectic elastomers possess excellent ionic conductivity, humidity sensitivity, elasticity, self-adhesion, freeze resistance, non-volatility, lack of ion leakage, and cost-effectiveness, making them promising alternatives to hydrogels or ionogels for broader applications. However, the disruption of intermolecular hydrogen bonds by choline chloride and the disappearance of hydrogen bond microdomains lead to poor strength of PAA-ChCl elastomers, which limit their application reliability. Here we report the use of highly entangled double-network strategy to enhance the tensile strength and fracture energy of PAA-ChCl elastomers by an order of magnitude without sacrificing elasticity, and the nominal stress, fracture energy and recoverability are 2.2 MPa, 11.5 kJ m−2 and 88 %, respectively. The entangled microdomains remain isotropic during stretching, indicating the disappearance of intermolecular interactions − hydrogen bonds, which makes the elastomer have good elasticity. And the significant orientation of lower-order structural polymer chains lead to an increase in tensile strength. Additionally, multifunctional applications related to moisture management have been developed based on the humidity sensitivity of PAA-ChCl elastomers, including antifogging, humidity regulation, and water vapor permeability. This study enhances the practical application reliability of PAA-ChCl elastomers and expands their applications in the field of moisture management.
{"title":"Mechanically robust and moisture sensitive eutectic elastomers","authors":"Ruixin Zhu, Daikun Jia, Dandan Zhu, Xinling Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160241","url":null,"abstract":"Poly (acrylic acid) - choline chloride (PAA-ChCl) eutectic elastomers possess excellent ionic conductivity, humidity sensitivity, elasticity, self-adhesion, freeze resistance, non-volatility, lack of ion leakage, and cost-effectiveness, making them promising alternatives to hydrogels or ionogels for broader applications. However, the disruption of intermolecular hydrogen bonds by choline chloride and the disappearance of hydrogen bond microdomains lead to poor strength of PAA-ChCl elastomers, which limit their application reliability. Here we report the use of highly entangled double-network strategy to enhance the tensile strength and fracture energy of PAA-ChCl elastomers by an order of magnitude without sacrificing elasticity, and the nominal stress, fracture energy and recoverability are 2.2 MPa, 11.5 kJ m<sup>−2</sup> and 88 %, respectively. The entangled microdomains remain isotropic during stretching, indicating the disappearance of intermolecular interactions − hydrogen bonds, which makes the elastomer have good elasticity. And the significant orientation of lower-order structural polymer chains lead to an increase in tensile strength. Additionally, multifunctional applications related to moisture management have been developed based on the humidity sensitivity of PAA-ChCl elastomers, including antifogging, humidity regulation, and water vapor permeability. This study enhances the practical application reliability of PAA-ChCl elastomers and expands their applications in the field of moisture management.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160265
Natarajan Karikalan, Annamalai Yamuna, Tae Yoon Lee
The increasing demand for pollutant monitoring devices has driven advances in electrochemical (EC) sensors. However, the shortage of efficient sensing electrodes and the lack of optimal preparation conditions both limit their growth. Therefore, synthesis protocols for constructing product-specific EC sensors are required. In this study, we developed a platinized glass microfluidic chip (pGMC) to produce tailored lanthanum tellurate (LTO) for the reliable detection of imidacloprid (IMD). The resulting LTO was highly pure and exhibited an amorphous structure that optimized its performance, and it was easily used to fabricate a disposable sensing electrode. This electrode performed well in outdoor environmental samples and demonstrated improved IMD detection capabilities, with over 95 % selectivity. The achieved linear dynamic range (0.01 to 70 µg/g) and detection limit (0.003 µg/g) are well suited to practical applications. We also explicitly investigated the design of the pGMC and the selective EC sensing mechanism with supporting evidence. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using pGMC to produce customized LTO for onsite IMD detection, which can also be applied to the design of other customized nanomaterials.
{"title":"Microfluidic synthesis of highly disordered lanthanum tellurate for the selective electrochemical detection of imidacloprid","authors":"Natarajan Karikalan, Annamalai Yamuna, Tae Yoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160265","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for pollutant monitoring devices has driven advances in electrochemical (EC) sensors. However, the shortage of efficient sensing electrodes and the lack of optimal preparation conditions both limit their growth. Therefore, synthesis protocols for constructing product-specific EC sensors are required. In this study, we developed a platinized glass microfluidic chip (pGMC) to produce tailored lanthanum tellurate (LTO) for the reliable detection of imidacloprid (IMD). The resulting LTO was highly pure and exhibited an amorphous structure that optimized its performance, and it was easily used to fabricate a disposable sensing electrode. This electrode performed well in outdoor environmental samples and demonstrated improved IMD detection capabilities, with over 95 % selectivity. The achieved linear dynamic range (0.01 to 70 µg/g) and detection limit (0.003 µg/g) are well suited to practical applications. We also explicitly investigated the design of the pGMC and the selective EC sensing mechanism with supporting evidence. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using pGMC to produce customized LTO for onsite IMD detection, which can also be applied to the design of other customized nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160269
Ruicheng Wang, Yihong Zhu, Dehua Hu, Jie Hu, Si-wei Chen, Jieying Lin, Longjiang Xing, Yanping Huo, Shaomin Ji
The development efficient deep-blue fluorescent materials present a significant challenge in the field of organic optoelectronics. The hot exciton mechanism, which facilitates the transition of excitons from high-energy excited triplet states (Tn, n ≥ 2) to singlet states (Sm, m ≥ 1) via reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC) pathways, has emerged as an effective strategy for designing efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, we modified anthracene with non-conjugated triphenylphosphine oxide (PO) and tetraphenylsilane (TPS) groups to construct two positional isomers, p-TPSAnPO and m-TPSAnPO. Photophysical studies indicate that the weak electron-withdrawing and electron-donating of the PO and TPS groups endow p-TPSAnPO and m-TPSAnPO with local excited (LE) characteristics in their lowest singlet state (S1), resulting in highly efficient deep-blue emission. Doped devices based on p-TPSAnPO and m-TPSAnPO achieved maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) of 10.07 % and 10.77 %, respectively, with Commission Internationale de l ́Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.155, 0.043) and (0.152, 0.048), approaching BT.2020 blue standard. The theoretical calculations further reveal that the S1, T2, and T3 states of these materials are localized on the anthracene moiety, while the higher-energy S2 and T4 states are induced by the electron-withdrawing PO group, forming charge transfer (CT) and hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) states. The transitions between these high-energy states create multiple hRISC pathways. Additionally, sensitization experiments on high-energy triplet states confirm that these materials indeed exhibit effective hRISC processes, enabling them to achieve high efficiency in electroluminescent applications. This work provides important theoretical and experimental guidance for designing efficient anthracene-based hot exciton deep-blue materials.
{"title":"Phosphorus-oxygen modified anthracene-based emitters for high-efficiency deep-blue OLEDs approaching the BT.2020 blue standard","authors":"Ruicheng Wang, Yihong Zhu, Dehua Hu, Jie Hu, Si-wei Chen, Jieying Lin, Longjiang Xing, Yanping Huo, Shaomin Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160269","url":null,"abstract":"The development efficient deep-blue fluorescent materials present a significant challenge in the field of organic optoelectronics. The hot exciton mechanism, which facilitates the transition of excitons from high-energy excited triplet states (T<sub>n</sub>, n ≥ 2) to singlet states (S<sub>m</sub>, m ≥ 1) via reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC) pathways, has emerged as an effective strategy for designing efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, we modified anthracene with non-conjugated triphenylphosphine oxide (PO) and tetraphenylsilane (TPS) groups to construct two positional isomers, <strong>p-TPSAnPO</strong> and <strong>m-TPSAnPO</strong>. Photophysical studies indicate that the weak electron-withdrawing and electron-donating of the PO and TPS groups endow <strong>p-TPSAnPO</strong> and <strong>m-TPSAnPO</strong> with local excited (LE) characteristics in their lowest singlet state (S<sub>1</sub>), resulting in highly efficient deep-blue emission. Doped devices based on <strong>p-TPSAnPO</strong> and <strong>m-TPSAnPO</strong> achieved maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQE<sub>max</sub>) of 10.07 % and 10.77 %, respectively, with Commission Internationale de l ́Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.155, 0.043) and (0.152, 0.048), approaching BT.2020 blue standard. The theoretical calculations further reveal that the S<sub>1</sub>, T<sub>2</sub>, and T<sub>3</sub> states of these materials are localized on the anthracene moiety, while the higher-energy S<sub>2</sub> and T<sub>4</sub> states are induced by the electron-withdrawing PO group, forming charge transfer (CT) and hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) states. The transitions between these high-energy states create multiple hRISC pathways. Additionally, sensitization experiments on high-energy triplet states confirm that these materials indeed exhibit effective hRISC processes, enabling them to achieve high efficiency in electroluminescent applications. This work provides important theoretical and experimental guidance for designing efficient anthracene-based hot exciton deep-blue materials.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160225
Haojie Huang, Yutong Sun, Qing Du, Fu Gao, Zi Song, Zhiwen Wang, Suyun Chang, Xinbo Zhang, Wenshan Guo, Huu Hao Ngo
The treatment of swine wastewater (SW) using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) shows significant potential for energy recovery. However, antibiotics in SW, such as sulfadiazine (SDZ), can inhibit microbial activity, leading to reduced operational efficiency and severe membrane fouling. This study investigated the performance of an integrated microbial fuel cell (MFC)-AnMBR system under various SDZ concentrations, focusing on methane production, membrane fouling, and microbial community dynamics. Results showed the bioelectric field in the MFC-AnMBR improved COD removal by 2.8 %–7.3 %, enhanced methane production by 12.5 %–35.5 %, and reduced volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation by 35.3 %–56.1 % under SDZ stress, compared to a conventional AnMBR (C-AnMBR). Meanwhile, the bioelectric field reduced soluble microbial products (SMP) by 6.3–43.0 %, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by 21.9 %-43.3 % and extended the membrane fouling cycle by over 36 days than C-AnMBR under SDZ stress. Microbial analysis revealed that SDZ stress caused a 2.8 %–7.8 % reduction in methanogen populations within the MFC-AnMBR, 0.5 %–3.0 % higher than in the C-AnMBR due to the bioelectric field’s influence. Moreover, the bioelectric field enriched p__Chloroflexi, which may help mitigate membrane fouling. In conclusion, the bioelectric field significantly enhances the overall performance of AnMBR systems under SDZ stress, improving energy recovery and membrane fouling resistance.
{"title":"Impact of in–situ bioelectric field on biogas production, membrane fouling and microbial community in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor under sulfadiazine stress","authors":"Haojie Huang, Yutong Sun, Qing Du, Fu Gao, Zi Song, Zhiwen Wang, Suyun Chang, Xinbo Zhang, Wenshan Guo, Huu Hao Ngo","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160225","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of swine wastewater (SW) using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) shows significant potential for energy recovery. However, antibiotics in SW, such as sulfadiazine (SDZ), can inhibit microbial activity, leading to reduced operational efficiency and severe membrane fouling. This study investigated the performance of an integrated microbial fuel cell (MFC)-AnMBR system under various SDZ concentrations, focusing on methane production, membrane fouling, and microbial community dynamics. Results showed the bioelectric field in the MFC-AnMBR improved COD removal by 2.8 %–7.3 %, enhanced methane production by 12.5 %–35.5 %, and reduced volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation by 35.3 %–56.1 % under SDZ stress, compared to a conventional AnMBR (C-AnMBR). Meanwhile, the bioelectric field reduced soluble microbial products (SMP) by 6.3–43.0 %, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by 21.9 %-43.3 % and extended the membrane fouling cycle by over 36 days than C-AnMBR under SDZ stress. Microbial analysis revealed that SDZ stress caused a 2.8 %–7.8 % reduction in methanogen populations within the MFC-AnMBR, 0.5 %–3.0 % higher than in the C-AnMBR due to the bioelectric field’s influence. Moreover, the bioelectric field enriched p__Chloroflexi, which may help mitigate membrane fouling. In conclusion, the bioelectric field significantly enhances the overall performance of AnMBR systems under SDZ stress, improving energy recovery and membrane fouling resistance.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The asymmetric wettability of Janus membranes shows promising prospects in the field of liquid transport and separation, and researchers are seeking environmentally friendly and cost-effective feedstock for fabricating these membranes. In this study, we developed two types of high-performance, flexible, and durable asymmetric Janus membranes from wood: Janus cross-section wood membrane (JCW) and Janus longitudinal-section wood membrane (JLW). Wood, being an anisotropic material stemming from its grain orientation, possesses a hierarchical porous structure that can be tailored for various practical applications. The JCW, characterized by its vertical wood channel structure and larger pore size, demonstrated superior unidirectional water transport and fog collection capabilities. Its water–oil separation efficiency reached 99.9 %, with a filtration flux exceeded 3000 L/m2∙h. The JLW, featuring three-dimensional interconnected micro-nano channels and layered pathways, was particularly effective in separating oil–water emulsions. The separation efficiency of oil–water emulsions reached 99.91 %, with filtration fluxes for water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions being as high as 500 and 700 L/m2∙h, respectively. These results underscored the potential of asymmetric wettability Janus membranes in the fields of liquid transport and separation, while also paving the way for the utilization of sustainable and eco-friendly feedstocks.
{"title":"Innovative Janus wood membranes: Harnessing wood anisotropy for superior liquid separation and transport","authors":"Kaiwen Chen, Xianfu Xiao, Cheng Hao, Fengze Sun, Haonan Zhang, Yujing Tan, Jianyi Zhu, Hui Peng, Tianyi Zhan, Jianxiong Lyu, Ning Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160185","url":null,"abstract":"The asymmetric wettability of Janus membranes shows promising prospects in the field of liquid transport and separation, and researchers are seeking environmentally friendly and cost-effective feedstock for fabricating these membranes. In this study, we developed two types of high-performance, flexible, and durable asymmetric Janus membranes from wood: Janus cross-section wood membrane (JCW) and Janus longitudinal-section wood membrane (JLW). Wood, being an anisotropic material stemming from its grain orientation, possesses a hierarchical porous structure that can be tailored for various practical applications. The JCW, characterized by its vertical wood channel structure and larger pore size, demonstrated superior unidirectional water transport and fog collection capabilities. Its water–oil separation efficiency reached 99.9 %, with a filtration flux exceeded 3000 L/m<sup>2</sup>∙h. The JLW, featuring three-dimensional interconnected micro-nano channels and layered pathways, was particularly effective in separating oil–water emulsions. The separation efficiency of oil–water emulsions reached 99.91 %, with filtration fluxes for water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions being as high as 500 and 700 L/m<sup>2</sup>∙h, respectively. These results underscored the potential of asymmetric wettability Janus membranes in the fields of liquid transport and separation, while also paving the way for the utilization of sustainable and eco-friendly feedstocks.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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