Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.13putk
Tamar Paichadze
In literary studies, there is a firmly rooted idea that generally the genre specificity of the symbolist creative thought is merely poetic imagology, however, the genre area in the European history of Symbolism has also embraced prose, fiction, drama, miniature literature as well as essays. In this regard, the Georgian Symbolist school which represents a creative variation of the European narrative is consistent. Sandro Tsirekidze’s name is unquestionably associated with the history of the Georgian Symbolist prose; he, all the way through his life and work, fully embraced the destiny of the so-called “cursed poets” and the fate of the “forgotten artists”, although, back then, he along with others from the Blue Horns was constructing the new history of the Georgian literature. Sandro Tsirekidze’s ideas about literature and art serve as another analogue of the assessment of creative events, performed professionally with a then-innovative and modern approach. These attitudes have been demonstrated in his miniatures in which the Georgian reflection of the creative and worldview discourse of Paul Verlaine, Émile Verhaeren, Arthur Rimbaud, Georges Rodenbach, Valery Bryusov, and other Symbolists becomes fully conscious. For the character of Sandro Tsirekidze’s miniatures, the city is the space for action as well as the space for thinking; the city which, at the same time, is a symbolic binary essence, and an artistic and creative stepping stone. Here, the author’s subjective opinions and attitudes undergo a certain artistic transformation, when the author rather proceeds along the “footbridge” of literature positioned between the emotion and analysis, where the author’s genuine emotional experiences are explicitly identified. The city text by Sandro Tsirekidze is related to the conceptual symbolist perception. It is the complex of concepts, motifs and plots, which covers the author’s model of city life – both generally and in its private manifestations.
{"title":"Simbolist’uri kalakis mxat’vrul-msoplmxedvelobrivi ret’rosp’ekt’iva Sandro cirekidzis miniat’urebshi /სიმბოლისტური ქალაქის მხატვრულ-მსოფლმხედველობრივი რეტროსპექტივა სანდრო ცირეკიძის მინიატურებში [Artistic-Worldview Retrospective of Symbolist Сity in Miniatures by Sandro Tsirekidze]","authors":"Tamar Paichadze","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.13putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.13putk","url":null,"abstract":"In literary studies, there is a firmly rooted idea that generally the genre specificity of the symbolist creative thought is merely poetic imagology, however, the genre area in the European history of Symbolism has also embraced prose, fiction, drama, miniature literature as well as essays.\u0000In this regard, the Georgian Symbolist school which represents a creative variation of the European narrative is consistent. Sandro Tsirekidze’s name is unquestionably associated with the history of the Georgian Symbolist prose; he, all the way through his life and work, fully embraced the destiny of the so-called “cursed poets” and the fate of the “forgotten artists”, although, back then, he along with others from the Blue Horns was constructing the new history of the Georgian literature.\u0000Sandro Tsirekidze’s ideas about literature and art serve as another analogue of the assessment of creative events, performed professionally with a then-innovative and modern approach. These attitudes have been demonstrated in his miniatures in which the Georgian reflection of the creative and worldview discourse of Paul Verlaine, Émile Verhaeren, Arthur Rimbaud, Georges Rodenbach, Valery Bryusov, and other Symbolists becomes fully conscious.\u0000For the character of Sandro Tsirekidze’s miniatures, the city is the space for action as well as the space for thinking; the city which, at the same time, is a symbolic binary essence, and an artistic and creative stepping stone. Here, the author’s subjective opinions and attitudes undergo a certain artistic transformation, when the author rather proceeds along the “footbridge” of literature positioned between the emotion and analysis, where the author’s genuine emotional experiences are explicitly identified.\u0000The city text by Sandro Tsirekidze is related to the conceptual symbolist perception. It is the complex of concepts, motifs and plots, which covers the author’s model of city life – both generally and in its private manifestations.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121124493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.14putk
Rusudan Saghinadze
The article examines two main factors causing modern language disorders in modern Georgian written and spoken language, such as: A. Contradiction between the norms of the modern Georgian literary language and living speech; B. Contradiction in the norms of the modern Georgian literary language itself. We aim to show the contradictory situation caused by these two factors in the resources that should be used to maintain the standard of this or that word form. We mean orthographic dictionaries of the Georgian language, including such a fundamental dictionary as V. Topuria and Iv. Gigineishvili’s “orthographic dictionary of the Georgian language” (1968; 1998), as well as electronic dictionaries and other publications (collections). In the lexical material, the qualitative difference in the standard language resources makes some norms controversial, which contributes to the emergence of language form variants, incorrect forms next to the correct ones, and, moreover, hinders the updating of the norm, and the development of a new linguistic standard. This problem became even more acute when the project of a young specialist, data scientist and programmer Vakhtang Elerdashvili called “Incorrect-Print-Finder” – a morphological checker of errors in the text – appeared on the social network (Facebook). The aim of the project is to create a perfect text analyzer in Georgian. The paper analyzes the relevant material reflecting the contradictory situation in the standard language resources, outlines the ways to solve the problem, concludes that the material in the standard language resources should be united (processed) and a united orthographic database, an extensive orthographic electronic dictionary with the function of constantly updating the norms of the Georgian literary language should be created. საკვანძო სიტყვები: სალიტერატურო ენა, ნორმა, ენობრივი წინააღმდეგობა. Keywords: literary language,, norm, linguistic contradiction.
{"title":"St’andart’uli ena da kartuli enis ortograpiuli leksik’onebi /სტანდარტული ენა და ქართული ენის ორთოგრაფიული ლექსიკონები [Standard Language and Orthographic Dictionaries of Georgian Language]","authors":"Rusudan Saghinadze","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.14putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.14putk","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines two main factors causing modern language disorders\u0000in modern Georgian written and spoken language, such as: A. Contradiction\u0000between the norms of the modern Georgian literary language and living speech;\u0000B. Contradiction in the norms of the modern Georgian literary language itself.\u0000We aim to show the contradictory situation caused by these two factors in\u0000the resources that should be used to maintain the standard of this or that word\u0000form. We mean orthographic dictionaries of the Georgian language, including\u0000such a fundamental dictionary as V. Topuria and Iv. Gigineishvili’s “orthographic\u0000dictionary of the Georgian language” (1968; 1998), as well as electronic dictionaries\u0000and other publications (collections). In the lexical material, the qualitative\u0000difference in the standard language resources makes some norms controversial,\u0000which contributes to the emergence of language form variants, incorrect forms\u0000next to the correct ones, and, moreover, hinders the updating of the norm, and the\u0000development of a new linguistic standard. This problem became even more acute\u0000when the project of a young specialist, data scientist and programmer Vakhtang\u0000Elerdashvili called “Incorrect-Print-Finder” – a morphological checker of errors in\u0000the text – appeared on the social network (Facebook). The aim of the project is to\u0000create a perfect text analyzer in Georgian.\u0000The paper analyzes the relevant material reflecting the contradictory\u0000situation in the standard language resources, outlines the ways to solve the\u0000problem, concludes that the material in the standard language resources should be\u0000united (processed) and a united orthographic database, an extensive orthographic\u0000electronic dictionary with the function of constantly updating the norms of the\u0000Georgian literary language should be created.\u0000საკვანძო სიტყვები: სალიტერატურო ენა, ნორმა, ენობრივი წინააღმდეგობა.\u0000Keywords: literary language,, norm, linguistic contradiction.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124245454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.06putk
Maka Beridze
The article explores the linguistic features of Vanler Daiseli’s poetry and reveals linguistic specificities to the extent that the language of poetry, in general, differs from the language of other genres of literature, as well as from ordinary spoken language. The poet’s work is unknown to Georgian readers, just as no extensive research has been done on the literary group of the early 20th century called the “Somnambulebi”. The young Vanler Daiseli was one of the members of the group. In the course of the research, the descriptive method and the analysis and comparison method have been applied, and the bibliographical and theoretical examination has been performed. The peculiarities of Vanler Daiseli’s poetic language are formed from several characteristics. The language that is used often rejects traditional syntax, grammar, and punctuation. The peculiarity is manifested mainly in the order of words. The free syntax is used. Poetic language is strongly influenced by spoken language. The construction of images is an important feature of poetry: repetition, parallelism, metaphor, and so on. Rhetoric replaces syntax insofar as it is related to the rearrangement of words. The author uses the “foreground” as an aesthetic phenomenon of expressiveness of the language. Linguistic components are another feature of his poetry. The author tries to “modify grammar”. Grammar rules change in poetic language, and modified linguistic units are employed. The poet applies lexical, grammatical, and semantic deviations.საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული პოეზია, პოეტური ენა, პოეტური სინტაქსი, ვანლერ დაისელი.Keywords: Georgian poetry, poetic language, poetic syntax, Vanler Daiseli.
{"title":"Vanler daiselis ena /ვანლერ დაისელის პოეზიის ენა [The Language of Vanler Daiseli’s Poetry]","authors":"Maka Beridze","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.06putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.06putk","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the linguistic features of Vanler Daiseli’s poetry and reveals linguistic specificities to the extent that the language of poetry, in general, differs from the language of other genres of literature, as well as from ordinary spoken language. The poet’s work is unknown to Georgian readers, just as no extensive research has been done on the literary group of the early 20th century called the “Somnambulebi”. The young Vanler Daiseli was one of the members of the group. In the course of the research, the descriptive method and the analysis and comparison method have been applied, and the bibliographical and theoretical examination has been performed.\u0000The peculiarities of Vanler Daiseli’s poetic language are formed from several characteristics. The language that is used often rejects traditional syntax, grammar, and punctuation. The peculiarity is manifested mainly in the order of words. The free syntax is used.\u0000Poetic language is strongly influenced by spoken language. The construction of images is an important feature of poetry: repetition, parallelism, metaphor, and so on. Rhetoric replaces syntax insofar as it is related to the rearrangement of words.\u0000The author uses the “foreground” as an aesthetic phenomenon of expressiveness of the language. Linguistic components are another feature of his poetry. The author tries to “modify grammar”. Grammar rules change in poetic language, and modified linguistic units are employed. The poet applies lexical, grammatical, and semantic deviations.საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული პოეზია, პოეტური ენა, პოეტური სინტაქსი, ვანლერ დაისელი.Keywords: Georgian poetry, poetic language, poetic syntax, Vanler Daiseli.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132966109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.08putk
Iamze Vashakidze
In parallel with the developing modern technologies, it becomes increasingly important to produce textbooks that are based on logical approaches. Our goal is to develop such ”standardized rules of the declension of nominals that will facilitate both analysis and synthesis of word forms of nominals in modern Georgian ”. The article deals with the issue of teaching the case system of Georgian by taking into consideration the 5th- and 7th-grade textbooks written by different authors using different approaches. In the available textbooks, Georgian cases are taught separately from the so-called postpositional forms of cases; this prevents the pupils from having a systemic understanding of the material. The origin of the problem should be sought in the definition of the category of case and the confusion of diachronic and synchronic aspects in textbooks: the history of the development of the grammatical phenomenon is one thing, the current state of it is another. The article deals with the classification of the case system in Georgian on the synchronic level based on logical rules – the approach is a particular novelty in terms of the methodology of teaching the case system of the Georgian language. The basic postulates are as follows: 1. The term “case” is defined as the morphological category of nominals, within the scope of which the formative suffix adds the grammatical function to a wordform (leaving the lexical meaning unchanged); 2. The case is a combination of a noun stem and a case marker; 3. The case marker may be simple (-ს [-s], -ის [-is], -ით[-it], ად[-ad], etc.) or complex//compound (-სში [-sši] “in”, -ისგან [-isgan] “from (anim.)”, -იდან [-idan] / -დან [-dan] from (inanimate), -ამდე [-amde] / -მდე [-mde] “up to”, etc.). According to the classification on the synchronic level, three logically differentiated types of cases are identified in the Georgian language: 1. a simple case: nominal stem + simple case marker (დედა-ს [deda-s] “mother/to mother”, ქვეყნ-ად [kveqnad] “on the earth”); 2. a complex (compound) case: nominal stem + complex (compound) case marker (ლომ-ივით [lomi-vit] “like a lion”, ხე-სთან [xe-stan] “at the tree”); a complex case marker is constructed by merging a simple case marker with a postposition and expresses additional grammatical or semantic nuances; 3. a case with a postposition: nominal stem + simple case marker + separate auxiliary word //postposition (კაც-ის მიერ / გამო [kac-is mier/gamo “by / because of a man”). The proposed approach will simplify the process of learning and understanding the paradigm of the noun in a systemic way, on the one hand, and will assist in developing the software for machine translation, on the other hand. საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული ენა, ბრუნვათა სისტემა, რთული და მარტივი ბრუნვები, თანდებულიანი ბრუნვები. Keywords: Georgian language, case system, simple and complex cases, cases with postpositions.
随着现代技术的发展，编写基于逻辑方法的教科书变得越来越重要。我们的目标是发展这样的“标准规则的名词的变化，将有利于分析和综合现代格鲁吉亚的名词的词形”。本文结合五、七年级不同作者采用不同方法编写的格鲁吉亚语教材，探讨格鲁吉亚语案例系统的教学问题。在现有的教科书中，格鲁吉亚案例与所谓的后置形式案例是分开讲授的;这阻碍了学生对材料有一个系统的理解。问题的根源在于对格类的界定以及教科书中历时性和共时性的混淆:语法现象的发展历史是一回事，其现状又是另一回事。本文以逻辑规则为基础，在共时层面对格鲁吉亚语的格系进行了分类，这种方法在格鲁吉亚语格系教学方法中是一种特别新颖的方法。基本假设如下:1。“格”一词被定义为名词的形态范畴，在这个范畴内，形成性后缀为词形增加了语法功能(不改变词汇意义);2 .格是名词词干和格标记的组合;情况下标记可能是简单的(-ს[s]——ის[是],——ით[-],ად[广告],等等)或复杂/ /复合(——სში[sš我]“在”,——ისგან[-isgan]“从(动画。)”,——იდან[艾丹•]/ -დან(丹)从(无生命的)——ამდე(此外)/ -მდე身边的“到”,等等)。根据共时水平的分类，在格鲁吉亚语中确定了三种逻辑上不同的案例类型:一个简单的格:标称词干+简单格标记(“母亲/给母亲”，“在大地上”，“”);2. 一个复杂的(复合)情况:名词干+复杂的(复合)情况标记([lmi -vit]“像狮子一样”，[xe-stan]“在树上”);2 .复杂格标记由简单格标记与后置组合而成，表达了额外的语法或语义上的细微差别;带后置词的格:名词干+简单格标记+独立助词//后置词([kac-is mier/gamo " by / becauseof A man ")。所提出的方法一方面将以系统的方式简化名词范式的学习和理解过程，另一方面将有助于开发机器翻译软件。საკვანძოსიტყვები:ქართულიენა,ბრუნვათასისტემა,რთულიდამარტივიბრუნვები,თანდებულიანიბრუნვები。关键词:格鲁吉亚语，格系，简单和复杂格，后置格
{"title":"Brunvata sist’emis sc’avlebisatvis sajaro sk’olashi /ბრუნვათა სისტემის სწავლებისათვის საჯარო სკოლაში [For Teaching the Case System in the Public School]","authors":"Iamze Vashakidze","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.08putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.08putk","url":null,"abstract":"In parallel with the developing modern technologies, it becomes increasingly important to produce textbooks that are based on logical approaches. Our goal is to develop such ”standardized rules of the declension of nominals that will facilitate both analysis and synthesis of word forms of nominals in modern Georgian ”.\u0000The article deals with the issue of teaching the case system of Georgian by taking into consideration the 5th- and 7th-grade textbooks written by different authors using different approaches. In the available textbooks, Georgian cases are taught separately from the so-called postpositional forms of cases; this prevents the pupils from having a systemic understanding of the material. The origin of the problem should be sought in the definition of the category of case and the confusion of diachronic and synchronic aspects in textbooks: the history of the development of the grammatical phenomenon is one thing, the current state of it is another.\u0000The article deals with the classification of the case system in Georgian on the synchronic level based on logical rules – the approach is a particular novelty in terms of the methodology of teaching the case system of the Georgian language. The basic postulates are as follows:\u00001. The term “case” is defined as the morphological category of nominals, within the scope of which the formative suffix adds the grammatical function to a wordform (leaving the lexical meaning unchanged);\u00002. The case is a combination of a noun stem and a case marker;\u00003. The case marker may be simple (-ს [-s], -ის [-is], -ით[-it], ად[-ad], etc.) or complex//compound (-სში [-sši] “in”, -ისგან [-isgan] “from (anim.)”, -იდან [-idan] / -დან [-dan] from (inanimate), -ამდე [-amde] / -მდე [-mde] “up to”, etc.).\u0000According to the classification on the synchronic level, three logically differentiated types of cases are identified in the Georgian language: \u00001. a simple case: nominal stem + simple case marker (დედა-ს [deda-s] “mother/to mother”, ქვეყნ-ად [kveqnad] “on the earth”); \u00002. a complex (compound) case: nominal stem + complex (compound) case\u0000marker (ლომ-ივით [lomi-vit] “like a lion”, ხე-სთან [xe-stan] “at the tree”); a\u0000complex case marker is constructed by merging a simple case marker with a postposition\u0000and expresses additional grammatical or semantic nuances;\u00003. a case with a postposition: nominal stem + simple case marker + separate\u0000auxiliary word //postposition (კაც-ის მიერ / გამო [kac-is mier/gamo “by / because\u0000of a man”).\u0000The proposed approach will simplify the process of learning and understanding\u0000the paradigm of the noun in a systemic way, on the one hand, and will assist in\u0000developing the software for machine translation, on the other hand.\u0000საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული ენა, ბრუნვათა სისტემა, რთული და მარტივი\u0000ბრუნვები, თანდებულიანი ბრუნვები.\u0000Keywords: Georgian language, case system, simple and complex cases, cases with\u0000postpositions.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126227565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.11putk
Mamuka Natsvaladze
The current study is the first attempt to examine the relations between Russia and Georgia within the context of international political processes of the second half of the 18th century, in particular, the Seven Years’ War, the plan for the redistribution of Europe, and the “Greek Project”. The global historical process of the second half of the 18th century is of special importance for the proper assessment of the history of Georgia. The Russian and Soviet historiography deliberately distorted the facts and events of the time leading to the improper assessment of the annexation of Georgia and the Caucasus. The European contacts of King Erekle II of Kartli-Kakheti were deliberately erased, and hence the Caucasus was declared a geostrategic space on Russian orbit and was artificially separated from the global historical processes. Therefore, a violent political act, the conquest of Georgia was disguised as an alliance corresponding to the idea of Christian common faith. The article analyzes the reasons the members of the European system of international relations did not like the existence of a powerful state in the Caucasus (the Austrian Empire being an exception). The strategic foreign policy directions of the Austrian Empire were also analyzed, making it obvious once again that the only ally of Erekle II was the Emperor of Austria.საკვანძო სიტყვები: ბერძნული პროექტი, ოსმალეთის იმპერია, ქართლ-კახეთის სამეფო, ერეკლე II, რუსეთის იმპერია.Keywords: Greek Project, Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, Erekle II, Russian Empire.
{"title":"Msoplio imp’eriata k’avk’asiuri gambit’i da erek’le meore /მსოფლიო იმპერიათა კავკასიური გამბიტი და ერეკლე მეორე [The Caucasian Gambit of World Empires and Erekle II]","authors":"Mamuka Natsvaladze","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.11putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.11putk","url":null,"abstract":"The current study is the first attempt to examine the relations between Russia and Georgia within the context of international political processes of the second half of the 18th century, in particular, the Seven Years’ War, the plan for the redistribution of Europe, and the “Greek Project”.\u0000The global historical process of the second half of the 18th century is of special importance for the proper assessment of the history of Georgia. The Russian and Soviet historiography deliberately distorted the facts and events of the time leading to the improper assessment of the annexation of Georgia and the Caucasus. The European contacts of King Erekle II of Kartli-Kakheti were deliberately erased, and hence the Caucasus was declared a geostrategic space on Russian orbit and was artificially separated from the global historical processes. Therefore, a violent political act, the conquest of Georgia was disguised as an alliance corresponding to the idea of Christian common faith.\u0000The article analyzes the reasons the members of the European system of international relations did not like the existence of a powerful state in the Caucasus (the Austrian Empire being an exception). The strategic foreign policy directions of the Austrian Empire were also analyzed, making it obvious once again that the only ally of Erekle II was the Emperor of Austria.საკვანძო სიტყვები: ბერძნული პროექტი, ოსმალეთის იმპერია, ქართლ-კახეთის სამეფო, ერეკლე II, რუსეთის იმპერია.Keywords: Greek Project, Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, Erekle II, Russian Empire.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133581655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.03putk
Avtandil Nikoleishvili
Despite the fact that the history of Georgia was the main research interest of Alexander Manvelishvili (1904-1997), the Georgian emigrant scholar, who lived in Europe and America for a long period of time, the history of Georgian literature was another area of study among his scholarly interests. His publications related to Georgian literature could be divided into four major parts: First- the essays which reveal the main tendencies of the development of the ancient Georgian literature, and second-Rustvelological works. Apart from publishing numerous articles related to this field in the Georgian emigrant press, he also dedicated a monograph to the study of the issues pertaining to Rustaveli’s poem. The monograph was entitled “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin and Moral Ideology of Rustaveli”. The third part of his works offers the analysis of writings by the 19th-century Georgian authors. Lastly, his articles should be identified as the fourth part of his works that manifest Alexander Manvelishvili’s literary perspective, which discusses certain examples of the works of several Georgian writers in the past century. Those studies that provide the assessment of literary ideas of Georgian emigrant authors acquire particular importance. Unfortunately, Alexander Manvelishvili’s versatile career and his scientific-literary heritage have not been the focus of an in-depth study which should certainly be considered as a serious pitfall of Kartvelology. საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული მწერლობის ისტორია, ქართველი ემიგრანტი მეცნიერები, ალექსანდრე მანველიშვილი. Keywords: History of Georgian Literature, Georgian emigrant Scholars, Alexander Manvelishvili.
{"title":"kartuli mc’erlobis sakitxebi aleksandre manvelishvilis naazrevshi /ქართული მწერლობის საკითხები ალექსანდრე მანველიშვილის ნააზრევში [Issues of Georgian Literature according to the Worldview of Alexander Manvelishvili]","authors":"Avtandil Nikoleishvili","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.03putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.03putk","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that the history of Georgia was the main research interest of Alexander Manvelishvili (1904-1997), the Georgian emigrant scholar, who lived in Europe and America for a long period of time, the history of Georgian literature was another area of study among his scholarly interests.\u0000His publications related to Georgian literature could be divided into four major parts: First- the essays which reveal the main tendencies of the development of the ancient Georgian literature, and second-Rustvelological works. Apart from publishing numerous articles related to this field in the Georgian emigrant press, he also dedicated a monograph to the study of the issues pertaining to Rustaveli’s poem. The monograph was entitled “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin and Moral Ideology of Rustaveli”. The third part of his works offers the analysis of writings by the 19th-century Georgian authors. Lastly, his articles should be identified as the fourth part of his works that manifest Alexander Manvelishvili’s literary perspective, which discusses certain examples of the works of several Georgian writers in the past century. Those studies that provide the assessment of literary ideas of Georgian emigrant authors acquire particular importance.\u0000Unfortunately, Alexander Manvelishvili’s versatile career and his scientific-literary heritage have not been the focus of an in-depth study which should certainly be considered as a serious pitfall of Kartvelology.\u0000საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული მწერლობის ისტორია, ქართველი ემიგრანტი მეცნიერები, ალექსანდრე მანველიშვილი.\u0000Keywords: History of Georgian Literature, Georgian emigrant Scholars, Alexander Manvelishvili.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125236980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.20putk
Iza Chantladze, Pikria Apkhaidze, Nana Kavtaradze
The Bodleian Library of the University of Oxford has preserved in its collection the “Svan Fairy Tales compiled “by the Free Svan”, Kutaisi 1893“. The Svan fairy tales, rendered into Georgian by Besarion Nizharadze are truly interesting not only in terms of their plot but also from the perspective of ethnolinguistics. The diverse Svan materials translated by Sir Oliver and Marjory Wardrops have been preserved in the collection of Oriental manuscripts at the Bodleian Library up to the present day. They include the legend related to the name of Prometheus and the study entitled Transcaucasian folktales about Prometheus, translated into English by Sir Oliver Wardrop and the English translation of the Svan fairy tales by Marjory Wardrop (which remain unpublished). As Professor Gillian Evison, Chair of the Marjory Wardrop Fund stated, the above-mentioned collection contains numerous manuscripts of Georgian fairy tales, however, those of the Svan origin have not been identified yet due to the absence of scholars specializing in the Svan language at Oxford University. The English translation by Marjory Wardrop of the Svan Fairy Tales, rendered into Georgian by Besarion Nizharadze is preserved in the form of the manuscript. The text, written down from almost a century and a half ago, is represented in such cursive handwriting that is difficult to read for even modern readers of English. The manuscript has been deciphered with the help of British citizens. We would like to thank Professor George Hewitt who arranged the digital version of the manuscript containing Marjory Wardrop’s English translation of the Georgian rendering of the Svan “Amirani”, which facilitated the ethnolinguistic analysis of the fairy tale. Sir Oliver and Marjory Wardrops found Caucasian folklore and, specifically, epic poetry very attractive. In their manuscripts, phraseological expressions are what first of all capture our attention. The language of the Svan Fairy Tales is primarily of general linguistic importance, in terms of diglossic specificity, and their manuscripts containing the English translation generate even more interest through the prism of bilingualism. საკვანძო სიტყვები: სვანური ზღაპრების ინგლისური თარგმანი, ბოდლეს წიგნთსაცავი, ბესარიონ ნიჟარაძე, მარჯორი უორდროპი. Keywords: English translation of Svan fairy tales, The Bodleian Library, Besarion Nizharadze, Marjory Wardrop.
{"title":"Svanuri zghap’rebis uordrop’iseul targmanta okspordis universit’et’shi /სვანური ზღაპრების უორდროპისეულ თარგმანთა ხელნაწერები ოქსფორდის უნივერსიტეტში [Manuscripts of Svan Fairy Tales translated by Marjory Wardrop at the University of Oxford]","authors":"Iza Chantladze, Pikria Apkhaidze, Nana Kavtaradze","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.20putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.20putk","url":null,"abstract":"The Bodleian Library of the University of Oxford has preserved in its collection \u0000the “Svan Fairy Tales compiled “by the Free Svan”, Kutaisi 1893“. The Svan fairy \u0000tales, rendered into Georgian by Besarion Nizharadze are truly interesting not only in \u0000terms of their plot but also from the perspective of ethnolinguistics. \u0000The diverse Svan materials translated by Sir Oliver and Marjory Wardrops \u0000have been preserved in the collection of Oriental manuscripts at the Bodleian Library \u0000up to the present day. They include the legend related to the name of Prometheus and \u0000the study entitled Transcaucasian folktales about Prometheus, translated into English \u0000by Sir Oliver Wardrop and the English translation of the Svan fairy tales by Marjory \u0000Wardrop (which remain unpublished).\u0000As Professor Gillian Evison, Chair of the Marjory Wardrop Fund stated, the \u0000above-mentioned collection contains numerous manuscripts of Georgian fairy tales, \u0000however, those of the Svan origin have not been identified yet due to the absence \u0000of scholars specializing in the Svan language at Oxford University. The English translation by Marjory Wardrop of the Svan Fairy Tales, rendered into Georgian by \u0000Besarion Nizharadze is preserved in the form of the manuscript. The text, written \u0000down from almost a century and a half ago, is represented in such cursive handwriting \u0000that is difficult to read for even modern readers of English. The manuscript has \u0000been deciphered with the help of British citizens. We would like to thank Professor \u0000George Hewitt who arranged the digital version of the manuscript containing Marjory \u0000Wardrop’s English translation of the Georgian rendering of the Svan “Amirani”, \u0000which facilitated the ethnolinguistic analysis of the fairy tale.\u0000Sir Oliver and Marjory Wardrops found Caucasian folklore and, specifically, \u0000epic poetry very attractive. In their manuscripts, phraseological expressions are what \u0000first of all capture our attention. The language of the Svan Fairy Tales is primarily of \u0000general linguistic importance, in terms of diglossic specificity, and their manuscripts \u0000containing the English translation generate even more interest through the prism of \u0000bilingualism.\u0000საკვანძო სიტყვები: სვანური ზღაპრების ინგლისური თარგმანი, ბოდლეს \u0000წიგნთსაცავი, ბესარიონ ნიჟარაძე, მარჯორი უორდროპი. \u0000Keywords: English translation of Svan fairy tales, The Bodleian Library, Besarion \u0000Nizharadze, Marjory Wardrop.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123943898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.10putk
Damana Melikishvili
The present paper deals with the problem of the use of parallel forms “qriste aġ-s-dga” - or “qriste aġ-dga” in the modern standard Georgian language. Based on the diachronic analysis of the system and construction of the polypersonal Georgian verb, it is argued that in this syntagma aġ-s-dga is not monopersonal, but a bipersonal verb: aġ-s-dga igi mas (queyanasa /zeda/) (he is risen above it (Earth) - queskneliT//jojoxeTiT (-gan) (from hell). Here the prefix s- is used correctly according to the norms of the old Georgian language: it is a marker of an indirect object in the dative case (queyanasa) (above Earth). “qriste aġsdga!” refers to the unique, sacred event - the resurrection of Christ. Only on the Feast of the Resurrection of Christ, it is said: “qriste aġ-s-dga mkvdreTiT (queskneliT, jojoxeTiT), sikudilisa sikudiliTa damTrgunveli da saflavebis SinaTa cxovrebis mimniWebeli” (= Christ is risen from the dead (from hell), trampling down death by death, and upon those in the tombs bestowing life): only Christ, trampling down death, “aġ-s-dga queskneliT” (qvesknelidan, jojoxeTiT -gan)” (is risen from hell), queyanasa (zeda)” (above Earth). Thus, through the polypersonal verb created by Georgian analytical and synthetical way of thinking, physical and metaphysical phenomena are distinguished from one another and a unique event is revealed - the sacral mystery of the resurrection of Christ from the dead.საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული ენა, ქართული ზმნის მრავალპირიანობა, კანონიკური ფორმა.Keywords: Georgian Language, Polypersonalism of Georgian Verbs, Canonical Form.
{"title":"Kvlav krist’e aghsdga! /კვლავ „ქრისტე აღსდგა!” [Once Again Qriste Aġsdga! (Christ Is Risen!)]","authors":"Damana Melikishvili","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.10putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.10putk","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper deals with the problem of the use of parallel forms “qriste aġ-s-dga” - or “qriste aġ-dga” in the modern standard Georgian language. Based on the diachronic analysis of the system and construction of the polypersonal Georgian verb, it is argued that in this syntagma aġ-s-dga is not monopersonal, but a bipersonal verb: aġ-s-dga igi mas (queyanasa /zeda/) (he is risen above it (Earth) - queskneliT//jojoxeTiT (-gan) (from hell). Here the prefix s- is used correctly according to the norms of the old Georgian language: it is a marker of an indirect object in the dative case (queyanasa) (above Earth).\u0000“qriste aġsdga!” refers to the unique, sacred event - the resurrection of Christ. Only on the Feast of the Resurrection of Christ, it is said: “qriste aġ-s-dga mkvdreTiT (queskneliT, jojoxeTiT), sikudilisa sikudiliTa damTrgunveli da saflavebis SinaTa cxovrebis mimniWebeli” (= Christ is risen from the dead (from hell), trampling down death by death, and upon those in the tombs bestowing life): only Christ, trampling down death, “aġ-s-dga queskneliT” (qvesknelidan, jojoxeTiT -gan)” (is risen from hell), queyanasa (zeda)” (above Earth).\u0000Thus, through the polypersonal verb created by Georgian analytical and synthetical way of thinking, physical and metaphysical phenomena are distinguished from one another and a unique event is revealed - the sacral mystery of the resurrection of Christ from the dead.საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული ენა, ქართული ზმნის მრავალპირიანობა, კანონიკური ფორმა.Keywords: Georgian Language, Polypersonalism of Georgian Verbs, Canonical Form.","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123708476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.54635/tpks.2022.09putk
Rusudan Zekalashvili
Names of ethnocultural realities occur in every language. They pose quite serious challenges to lexicographers in the process of compiling translation dictionaries. The reason for that is often the untranslatability of such words and the absence of their precise equivalents in other languages. This is a serious problem when compiling any translation dictionary but at the same time, the entirety of such lexical units create the national and linguistic image of the Universe. There is not a single uniform opinon about the classification of the ethnocultural lexis among the linguists. Some of them consider that such lexis includes idioms, phraseologisms, proverbs, and even proper names. When incorporating the names of ethnocultural realities in the dictionary, it is essential to select such words beforehand and divide them into thematic groups, on the one hand, and to explore and discover the relevant translation tools, on the other hand. One of the functions of the translation dictionaries is to deliver the culturological data by means of the words of ethnocultural content. We have analyzed some of the Georgian-German dictionaries (i.e. K. Tschenkéli, 1965-1974; R. Zekalashvili, 2009) from the above-mentioned perspective. Some thematic groups were selected from the available words of ethnocultural content (it should be noted that a certain part of these lexical units was not of Georgian origin), namely:Traditional festive days, such as: xaṭoba − Chatoba (Heiligenfest, Kirchweih, Kirmes) ‘Festival of pagan shrine’, ‘Saint’s day’; bzoba − Palmsonntag ‘Palm Sunday’; mariamoba − Mariä Himmelfahrt ‘Dormition of the Virgin’; giorgoba − Tag des heiligen Georg ‘St George’s Day’.Customs and traditions: kadagi − Prediger, Propezeiher ‘shaman, seer’; tamada − Tafelleiter, Tischvorsitzender ‘chairman of feast’, ‘toast-saying master’; sadγegrӡelo − Toast, Trinkspruch ‘toast’; q̇anc̣i − Trinkhorn, Weinhorn ‘drinking horn’.Terms referring to work activities such as tone − Bäckerei, Tongefäss ‘cylindrical clay oven for flat bread’; kvevri − Weinkrug (in der Erde vergraben) ‘wine-jar (set into ground)’; sac̣naxeli − Trotte, Weinkelter ‘pressing device to press juice of grapes for wine’. Names of dishes and sweets: xinḳali − Chinkali (Art Ravioli) ‘ravioli’ (chopped meat boiled in pastry sache); xačạ ṗuri − Käsekuchen ‘pastry with cheese/ curds filling’; sacivi − Sazivi (Puten- oder Geflügelbrühe mit gewürzter Walnusssoße) ‘chicken/turkey in cold walnut sauce’; sulguni − Sulguni (eine Art Käse) ‘variety of hard cheese’; gozinaq̇i − Gosinaki (Näscherei aus Nüssen und Honig zum Neujahr) ‘chopped nuts boiled in honey’; čurčxela − Tschurtschela (aufgefädelte Nüsse, die im Most getunkt und gedörrt sind) ‘string of walnuts/hazel-nuts/raisins etc. dipped into thickened boiled grape-juice’. Clothes and shoes: čoxa-axaluxi − kaukasische männliche Tracht, Halbrock ‘Caucasian tunic and coat’, ‘man’s national dress’; kalamani − Bastschuh, Ledersandale ‘laced sandal’; nabadi − F
民族文化现实的名称出现在每种语言中。它们给词典编纂者在编纂翻译词典的过程中提出了相当严峻的挑战。造成这种情况的原因往往是这些词的不可译性，以及在其他语言中缺乏精确的对等词。这是任何翻译词典编纂的一个严重问题，但与此同时，这些词汇单位的整体创造了宇宙的国家和语言形象。对于民族文化词汇的分类，语言学家并没有统一的看法。他们中的一些人认为这些词汇包括习语、短语、谚语，甚至专有名词。在将民族文化现实名称纳入词典时，一方面要事先选择这些词并将其划分为专题组，另一方面要探索和发现相关的翻译工具。翻译词典的功能之一就是通过具有民族文化内容的词汇传递文化资料。我们分析了一些格鲁吉亚-德国词典(即K. tschenksamli, 1965-1974;R. Zekalashvili, 2009)。一些主题组是从现有的民族文化内容的词汇中挑选出来的(应该注意的是，这些词汇单位的某些部分不是格鲁吉亚起源的)，即:传统节日，例如:xaṭoba - Chatoba (Heiligenfest, Kirchweih, Kirmes)“异教圣地的节日”，“圣徒的日子”;bzoba - Palmsonntag棕枝主日;mariamoba - Mariä Himmelfahrt《圣母的复活》;giorgoba - Tag des heiligen Georg '圣乔治节'。习俗和传统:kadagi -预言家，Propezeiher '萨满，预言家';tamada - Tafelleiter, Tischvorsitzender“宴会主席”，“敬酒大师”;sadγegrӡelo−Toast, Trinkspruch ' Toast ';q ā anc ' i - Trinkhorn, Weinhorn '喝角'。涉及工作活动的术语，如tone - Bäckerei, Tongefäss“圆柱形粘土烤炉扁面包”;kvevri - Weinkrug (in der Erde vergraben) '酒缸(放在地上)';Trotte, Weinkelter“为酿酒而压榨葡萄汁的压榨装置”。菜肴和糖果的名称:xinḳali−Chinkali(艺术馄饨)' Ravioli '(在酥皮sache中煮碎的肉);xa<e:1> * ṗuri−Käsekuchen“奶酪/凝乳馅面点”;sacivi - Sazivi (Puten- oder gefl<e:1> gelbr<e:1> he mit gew<e:1> rzter Walnusssoße) '冷核桃酱鸡肉/火鸡肉';sulguni - sulguni (eine Art Käse)“各种硬奶酪”;gozinaq i−Gosinaki (Näscherei aus n<e:1> ssen und Honig zum Neujahr)“蜂蜜煮碎的坚果”;<s:1> ur<e:1> xela - Tschurtschela (aufgefädelte n<e:1> sse, die imMost getunkt und gedörrt sind)“将一串核桃/榛子/葡萄干等浸入稠化的煮葡萄汁中”。服装和鞋子:<e:1> oxa-axaluxi - kaukasische männliche Tracht, Halbrock“高加索束腰外衣”，“男子民族服装”;kalamani - Bastschuh, Ledersandale的“系带凉鞋”;nabadi - Filzmantel, kaukasischer filz<s:2> berwurf“毛毡夹克和斗篷”。乐器:panduri - Fanduri (dreisaitiges zupfinstrment)“三弦琵琶”;<s:1> onguri - Tschonguri(管弦乐器)四弦琵琶;čịanuri - Tschianuri (georgisches streicinstrument) ' 3/4弦格鲁吉亚小提琴';gudasṭviri−Dudelsack, Sackpfeife '风笛'。舞蹈和歌曲:samaia——“妇女的圆舞”;“孩子的摇篮曲”。戏剧和其他娱乐方式:q o eenoba - Kheenoba (Maskenspielam ersten Montag des Fastens) '生育节，狂欢节';beriḳaoba - Berikaoba(Volksmaskenspiel)“夏季狂欢节(装扮成野生动物)”;laxṭaoba - g<s:1> rtelspielder Jungen“男孩腰带游戏”;ḳuḳudamalobana - Fangspiel, Versteckspiel '儿童游戏捉迷藏';daxu<s:1> bana - Blindekuh '捉迷藏'。童话人物和魔幻事物:nacarkekia - Aschenbrödel, Faulenzer,Müßiggänger“懒惰但狡猾的童话英雄”;ḳudiani dedeaberi—Hexe, Alraune“女巫”，“邪恶的恶魔”;u<s:1> inma<e:1> inis kudi - Tarnkappe“隐形魔帽”;naṭvris tvali - Wunschstein '神奇的石头，神奇的宝石'。亲昵用语:šeni čịrime - mein Liebes, du meine g<e:1> !(dein Ungemachauf mich, deine Not mir)“亲爱的，请”(把你的麻烦给我吧);šen genacvale - mein Liebes!;祝你好运，Liebe!(我将你der不是ersetzen ichwill毛皮你的军队到封地)'亲爱的!(如果有什么不好的事情发生，让我代替你。)在上述的格鲁吉亚-德国词典中，有几种方法用来表达格鲁吉亚的民族文化现实:a)单词的定义是音译的;b)对现实的内容和意义的详细解释没有音译(或借译);c)选择合适的德语相似内容的词汇单位。საკვანძოსიტყვები:ეთნოკულტურულილექსიკა,ორენოვანილექსიკონები,გერმანულ——ქართულილექსიკონი,თარგმნითიეკვივალენტი。 关键词:民族文化词汇;双语词典;德格词典;
{"title":"kartuli etnok’ult’uruli realiebi kartul-germanul leksikonebshi /ქართული ეთნოკულტურული რეალიები ქართულ-გერმანულ ლექსიკონებში [Georgian Ethno-Cultural Realities as seen in the Georgian-German Dictionaries]","authors":"Rusudan Zekalashvili","doi":"10.54635/tpks.2022.09putk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.09putk","url":null,"abstract":"Names of ethnocultural realities occur in every language. They pose quite serious challenges to lexicographers in the process of compiling translation dictionaries. The reason for that is often the untranslatability of such words and the absence of their precise equivalents in other languages. This is a serious problem when compiling any translation dictionary but at the same time, the entirety of such lexical units create the national and linguistic image of the Universe.\u0000There is not a single uniform opinon about the classification of the ethnocultural lexis among the linguists. Some of them consider that such lexis includes idioms, phraseologisms, proverbs, and even proper names.\u0000When incorporating the names of ethnocultural realities in the dictionary, it is essential to select such words beforehand and divide them into thematic groups, on the one hand, and to explore and discover the relevant translation tools, on the other hand. One of the functions of the translation dictionaries is to deliver the culturological data by means of the words of ethnocultural content.\u0000We have analyzed some of the Georgian-German dictionaries (i.e. K. Tschenkéli, 1965-1974; R. Zekalashvili, 2009) from the above-mentioned perspective. Some thematic groups were selected from the available words of ethnocultural content (it should be noted that a certain part of these lexical units was not of Georgian origin), namely:Traditional festive days, such as: xaṭoba − Chatoba (Heiligenfest, Kirchweih, Kirmes) ‘Festival of pagan shrine’, ‘Saint’s day’; bzoba − Palmsonntag ‘Palm Sunday’; mariamoba − Mariä Himmelfahrt ‘Dormition of the Virgin’; giorgoba − Tag des heiligen Georg ‘St George’s Day’.Customs and traditions: kadagi − Prediger, Propezeiher ‘shaman, seer’; tamada − Tafelleiter, Tischvorsitzender ‘chairman of feast’, ‘toast-saying master’; sadγegrӡelo − Toast, Trinkspruch ‘toast’; q̇anc̣i − Trinkhorn, Weinhorn ‘drinking horn’.Terms referring to work activities such as tone − Bäckerei, Tongefäss ‘cylindrical clay oven for flat bread’; kvevri − Weinkrug (in der Erde vergraben) ‘wine-jar (set into ground)’; sac̣naxeli − Trotte, Weinkelter ‘pressing device to press juice of grapes for wine’.\u0000Names of dishes and sweets: xinḳali − Chinkali (Art Ravioli) ‘ravioli’\u0000(chopped meat boiled in pastry sache); xačạ ṗuri − Käsekuchen ‘pastry with cheese/\u0000curds filling’; sacivi − Sazivi (Puten- oder Geflügelbrühe mit gewürzter Walnusssoße)\u0000‘chicken/turkey in cold walnut sauce’; sulguni − Sulguni (eine Art Käse) ‘variety of\u0000hard cheese’; gozinaq̇i − Gosinaki (Näscherei aus Nüssen und Honig zum Neujahr)\u0000‘chopped nuts boiled in honey’; čurčxela − Tschurtschela (aufgefädelte Nüsse, die im\u0000Most getunkt und gedörrt sind) ‘string of walnuts/hazel-nuts/raisins etc. dipped into\u0000thickened boiled grape-juice’.\u0000Clothes and shoes: čoxa-axaluxi − kaukasische männliche Tracht, Halbrock\u0000‘Caucasian tunic and coat’, ‘man’s national dress’; kalamani − Bastschuh, Ledersandale\u0000‘laced sandal’; nabadi − F","PeriodicalId":272679,"journal":{"name":"Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage]","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127603562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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