Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88304
A. Caibis, C. Carrano, N. Lo Giudice, F. Sceusa, P. Piccirillo
MCS is a microprocessor device for the control, management, and monitoring of power plants, specified by SIP and designed by ITALTEL as part of the realization of a power plant supervision and control system. The device consists of a microcomputer, keyboard and display, and an I/O interface, of which the first two are standard, and the third dedicated for the particular plant. The nature of the structure simplifies man-machine interaction, permitting the management of plant and the displaying of measurements, apparatus status etc. on two levels: local by keyboard and display, and remote by linkage with the supervision center. The authors describe mCS, illustrating its structural and functional characteristics from both the hardware and software points of view.<>
{"title":"mCS: a control and supervision device for power plants","authors":"A. Caibis, C. Carrano, N. Lo Giudice, F. Sceusa, P. Piccirillo","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88304","url":null,"abstract":"MCS is a microprocessor device for the control, management, and monitoring of power plants, specified by SIP and designed by ITALTEL as part of the realization of a power plant supervision and control system. The device consists of a microcomputer, keyboard and display, and an I/O interface, of which the first two are standard, and the third dedicated for the particular plant. The nature of the structure simplifies man-machine interaction, permitting the management of plant and the displaying of measurements, apparatus status etc. on two levels: local by keyboard and display, and remote by linkage with the supervision center. The authors describe mCS, illustrating its structural and functional characteristics from both the hardware and software points of view.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123746046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88324
J. Pompon, J. Bouet
The oxygen recombination mechanism which allows lead batteries to be sealed, and causes of water loss, have been closely studied in order to make the large-scale manufacture of this battery possible and to ensure that it develops into a safe mass-consumer product. A detailed theoretical description of the recombination mechanisms is presented.<>
{"title":"Sealed lead-acid batteries gas-recombination mechanisms","authors":"J. Pompon, J. Bouet","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88324","url":null,"abstract":"The oxygen recombination mechanism which allows lead batteries to be sealed, and causes of water loss, have been closely studied in order to make the large-scale manufacture of this battery possible and to ensure that it develops into a safe mass-consumer product. A detailed theoretical description of the recombination mechanisms is presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121970812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88341
A. Bhat
A modified series-parallel high-frequency resonant DC/DC power converter configuration suitable for 48 V output is proposed. A simplified steady-state analysis using complex circuit analysis is presented. Based on the analysis, a simple design procedure is given. Detailed experimental results obtained from a MOSFET-based 1 kW converter are presented to verify the analysis. The converter presented has almost constant efficiency from full load to quarter load. The variation in switching frequency required to regulate the output voltage constant is narrow, and the converter has load short-circuit capability.<>
{"title":"A 48 V output DC-to-DC resonant converter suitable for telecommunication applications","authors":"A. Bhat","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88341","url":null,"abstract":"A modified series-parallel high-frequency resonant DC/DC power converter configuration suitable for 48 V output is proposed. A simplified steady-state analysis using complex circuit analysis is presented. Based on the analysis, a simple design procedure is given. Detailed experimental results obtained from a MOSFET-based 1 kW converter are presented to verify the analysis. The converter presented has almost constant efficiency from full load to quarter load. The variation in switching frequency required to regulate the output voltage constant is narrow, and the converter has load short-circuit capability.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122028925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88367
D. Caputo, F. Irrera, F. Palma
A novel analytical method has been developed for studying the transport problem in a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) p-i-n solar cell. The model relies on the widely used assumption of a variable minority carrier but, unlike other analytical models, it takes into account both the majority and the minority carriers in the whole structure. Thus, exact boundary conditions can be applied to carriers and currents at the interfaces. Photocarrier generation, too, is analytically treated as a nonhomogeneous term. In order to improve the model, the authors assume hyperbolic expression of the electric field in the intrinsic region. Self-consistent determination of the field profile is obtained, minimizing the error related to the hyperbolic approximation.<>
{"title":"A new analytical model of the p-i-n structure for a-Si:H solar cell","authors":"D. Caputo, F. Irrera, F. Palma","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88367","url":null,"abstract":"A novel analytical method has been developed for studying the transport problem in a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) p-i-n solar cell. The model relies on the widely used assumption of a variable minority carrier but, unlike other analytical models, it takes into account both the majority and the minority carriers in the whole structure. Thus, exact boundary conditions can be applied to carriers and currents at the interfaces. Photocarrier generation, too, is analytically treated as a nonhomogeneous term. In order to improve the model, the authors assume hyperbolic expression of the electric field in the intrinsic region. Self-consistent determination of the field profile is obtained, minimizing the error related to the hyperbolic approximation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121173527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88352
P. Redi
The author considers the control optimization of stand-alone PV (photovoltaic) systems in order to maximize the charging of the battery. The standard control algorithm based on the voltage of the battery as a charge indicator is replaced by an intelligent processor which observes the battery status at the end of the night to make a decision about the regulation during he following day. An experimental controller has been field-tested and has demonstrated high energy efficiency and capability during its entire lifetime.<>
{"title":"The regulation of stand alone photovoltaic systems","authors":"P. Redi","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88352","url":null,"abstract":"The author considers the control optimization of stand-alone PV (photovoltaic) systems in order to maximize the charging of the battery. The standard control algorithm based on the voltage of the battery as a charge indicator is replaced by an intelligent processor which observes the battery status at the end of the night to make a decision about the regulation during he following day. An experimental controller has been field-tested and has demonstrated high energy efficiency and capability during its entire lifetime.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115538956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88356
A.S. Kislovski
The author describes an LVI (linear variable inductor) current sensor proposed for high-reliability solar-powered telecommunication battery chargers. Its design principle and implementation are discussed. In the proposed LVI sensor, high sensitivity at low current has been achieved by applying a prepolarization field to the sensor core structure. This sensor is shown to be superior to the other possible candidates with respect to the decisive qualities in the particular application considered, i.e. simplicity, reliability, high efficiency, and low cost.<>
{"title":"Linear variable inductor in DC current sensors utilized in telecom solar battery chargers","authors":"A.S. Kislovski","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88356","url":null,"abstract":"The author describes an LVI (linear variable inductor) current sensor proposed for high-reliability solar-powered telecommunication battery chargers. Its design principle and implementation are discussed. In the proposed LVI sensor, high sensitivity at low current has been achieved by applying a prepolarization field to the sensor core structure. This sensor is shown to be superior to the other possible candidates with respect to the decisive qualities in the particular application considered, i.e. simplicity, reliability, high efficiency, and low cost.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"78 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116583822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88288
G. Baudo, G.B. Cecchinato, M. Grossoni
The laboratory and field behavior of Monolite valve-regulated SLA (sealed lead-acid) batteries for stand-by applications is reviewed from the standpoint of critical components and performance. It is shown how design and production approaches must be carefully selected and approved because of the peculiarities of the 'starved' as compared to the 'flooded' lead-acid system. It is concluded that once the critical parameters have been identified and corrective measures taken a life-expectancy of ten years for these batteries can be confidently achieved.<>
{"title":"Field and laboratory experience of valve-regulated SLA batteries for stand-by applications","authors":"G. Baudo, G.B. Cecchinato, M. Grossoni","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88288","url":null,"abstract":"The laboratory and field behavior of Monolite valve-regulated SLA (sealed lead-acid) batteries for stand-by applications is reviewed from the standpoint of critical components and performance. It is shown how design and production approaches must be carefully selected and approved because of the peculiarities of the 'starved' as compared to the 'flooded' lead-acid system. It is concluded that once the critical parameters have been identified and corrective measures taken a life-expectancy of ten years for these batteries can be confidently achieved.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129549669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88301
F. Schneider
After discussing basic ideas concerning the reliability of UPS (uninterruptible power supply) systems, the authors present reliability parameters and formulae, reliability formulae for down-times of short mains, reliability formulae for down-times for long mains, and reliability formulae for the entire power supply system. To give an idea of the reliability values that can be reached in uninterruptible power supply systems and of the factors by which these values are affected, a number of examples are calculated by means of the derived formulae.<>
{"title":"Reliability of uninterruptible power supply systems","authors":"F. Schneider","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88301","url":null,"abstract":"After discussing basic ideas concerning the reliability of UPS (uninterruptible power supply) systems, the authors present reliability parameters and formulae, reliability formulae for down-times of short mains, reliability formulae for down-times for long mains, and reliability formulae for the entire power supply system. To give an idea of the reliability values that can be reached in uninterruptible power supply systems and of the factors by which these values are affected, a number of examples are calculated by means of the derived formulae.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129851101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88297
J. M. Castellanos
The author traces the origin, development, and technical features of protection devices for transient overvoltages that come in through the power distribution line to remote and unattended small-capacity commutating power plants of the Telefonica system. The currently used devices are a reliable solution of the AC continuous supply to telephone power plants which, because of their geographical location, are exposed to line unbalances, primarily as the result of storms.<>
{"title":"Protections for remote and unattended small capacity commutating power plants at 'Telefonica'","authors":"J. M. Castellanos","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88297","url":null,"abstract":"The author traces the origin, development, and technical features of protection devices for transient overvoltages that come in through the power distribution line to remote and unattended small-capacity commutating power plants of the Telefonica system. The currently used devices are a reliable solution of the AC continuous supply to telephone power plants which, because of their geographical location, are exposed to line unbalances, primarily as the result of storms.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-15DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88259
V. Dello Spedale, G. Airoldi, A.A. D'Anna
It is noted that a break in the air-conditioning system of an electronically equipped telephone exchange, if not immediately repaired, can cause heavy damage and, ultimately, breakdown. The authors describe the method used by SIP for the air-conditioning of electronic telephone exchanges, particularly the latest experience, using programmable logic controllers equipped with communication modules connected by means of a telephone network to remote stations, for control and operation of the equipment used in telephone-exchange air conditioning. Attention is given to the maintenance and energy consumption of the air-conditioning plants.<>
{"title":"SIP experiences in air conditioning of telephone exchanges","authors":"V. Dello Spedale, G. Airoldi, A.A. D'Anna","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1989.88259","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that a break in the air-conditioning system of an electronically equipped telephone exchange, if not immediately repaired, can cause heavy damage and, ultimately, breakdown. The authors describe the method used by SIP for the air-conditioning of electronic telephone exchanges, particularly the latest experience, using programmable logic controllers equipped with communication modules connected by means of a telephone network to remote stations, for control and operation of the equipment used in telephone-exchange air conditioning. Attention is given to the maintenance and energy consumption of the air-conditioning plants.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":272740,"journal":{"name":"Conference Proceedings., Eleventh International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122132381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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