The effectiveness of electronic transactions all over the world is highly contingent upon an information and communication technology infrastructure to meet the challenges of the 21 st century. Hence, the current effort of Nigerian Tertiary Institutions aimed at becoming efficient in managing students’ academic records. The infrastructure that allows such transactions to thrive and grow is an interactive web-based extranet system and not just a site for transactions. The infrastructure must be carefully planned and developed from the outset of Extranet modeling, particularly in a university environment. Tertiary institutions in Nigeria are faced with one form of problem or the other as a result of the manual method of keeping students’ academic records. This system is associated with slow processing of students’ results, transcripts generation and problem of storage space. This paper adopted an interactive web-based extranet system for effective implementation of students’ academic records in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions and to close the implementation gaps and improve students’ academic records access and computation online, rather than physical contacts.
{"title":"Towards effective implementation of interactive web-based extranet system in Nigerian tertiary institutions","authors":"F. Ikpotokin, P. Imiefoh","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V7I1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V7I1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of electronic transactions all over the world is highly contingent upon an information and communication technology infrastructure to meet the challenges of the 21 st century. Hence, the current effort of Nigerian Tertiary Institutions aimed at becoming efficient in managing students’ academic records. The infrastructure that allows such transactions to thrive and grow is an interactive web-based extranet system and not just a site for transactions. The infrastructure must be carefully planned and developed from the outset of Extranet modeling, particularly in a university environment. Tertiary institutions in Nigeria are faced with one form of problem or the other as a result of the manual method of keeping students’ academic records. This system is associated with slow processing of students’ results, transcripts generation and problem of storage space. This paper adopted an interactive web-based extranet system for effective implementation of students’ academic records in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions and to close the implementation gaps and improve students’ academic records access and computation online, rather than physical contacts.","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121025265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Barau, A. Abdulhameed, A. Ezra, M. Muhammad, E. M. Kyari, U. Bawa
Vegetable farming in developing countries is characterized by the indiscriminate application of pesticides and the resultant pollution of agricultural soil with heavy metals that form constituents of these pesticides. These heavy metals have long term toxicity to human and other biota in the ecosystem. This problem is exacerbated by lack of monitoring to regulate the excessive use of pesticides. The objective of this study was to determine the presence and concentration of some heavy metals in pepper, tomato and onion grown in pesticide contaminated farm and the human health risk associated with their consumption. Pepper ( Capsicum annuum ), Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) and Onion ( Allium cepa ) and their corresponding soils were collected from three vegetable farms. The concentrations of Pb, As, Cd, Cr and Zn in the plants and soil were determined. The potential health risk from the consumption of these vegetables was assessed using the methods developed by World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Results obtained showed presence of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Cr and Zn) Sin different parts of the plants and at different concentrations, with some above the WHO/FAO permissible limits. The edible part of these vegetables (fruits) had the least mean contents of all heavy metals while roots recorded the highest mean concentration. All vegetables were found to be hyper accumulators of Cd and Cr. The Hazard Index (HI) of heavy metal contamination in these vegetables suggested a potential human health risk. The need by government for monitoring and regulation of pesticides application needs urgent attention. Keywords: Vegetables, pesticides, heavy metals, health risk, toxicity
{"title":"Heavy metal contamination of some vegetables from pesticides and the potential health risk in Bauchi, northern Nigeria","authors":"B. Barau, A. Abdulhameed, A. Ezra, M. Muhammad, E. M. Kyari, U. Bawa","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V7I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V7I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable farming in developing countries is characterized by the indiscriminate application of pesticides and the resultant pollution of agricultural soil with heavy metals that form constituents of these pesticides. These heavy metals have long term toxicity to human and other biota in the ecosystem. This problem is exacerbated by lack of monitoring to regulate the excessive use of pesticides. The objective of this study was to determine the presence and concentration of some heavy metals in pepper, tomato and onion grown in pesticide contaminated farm and the human health risk associated with their consumption. Pepper ( Capsicum annuum ), Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) and Onion ( Allium cepa ) and their corresponding soils were collected from three vegetable farms. The concentrations of Pb, As, Cd, Cr and Zn in the plants and soil were determined. The potential health risk from the consumption of these vegetables was assessed using the methods developed by World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Results obtained showed presence of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Cr and Zn) Sin different parts of the plants and at different concentrations, with some above the WHO/FAO permissible limits. The edible part of these vegetables (fruits) had the least mean contents of all heavy metals while roots recorded the highest mean concentration. All vegetables were found to be hyper accumulators of Cd and Cr. The Hazard Index (HI) of heavy metal contamination in these vegetables suggested a potential human health risk. The need by government for monitoring and regulation of pesticides application needs urgent attention. Keywords: Vegetables, pesticides, heavy metals, health risk, toxicity","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125105072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The creation of the linked open data (LOD) cloud has enhanced the availability of interlinked open statistical data associated with geographic regions (attributes) through the Web. Spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) are widely used to share, discover, visualise and retrieve geospatial data. Geoportals are the visible parts of SDIs focused on interoperability through implementing standards such OGC web services for discovery and use of geographic data and services. In the current form OGC services cannot be directly connected to the LOD cloud. This research aimed at finding novel ways of visualising linked data in the form of thematic maps over the Internet. This paper provided answers to the question of how an OGC Web Map Service (WMS) can create thematic maps by combining attributes from the LOD cloud with geometry stored in a spatial database server (SDS). This research contributed to bridging the gap between linked data, SDI and web thematic maps and further showed how existing web mapping and OGC technologies can benefit from the Semantic Web. First, the design of a geospatial web service (representing the visible part of an SDI) that accesses attribute data from the LOD cloud referred to in this paper as SDI-LOD is presented. SDI-LOD produces web thematic maps by programmatically combining attributes from the LOD cloud with geometry in an SDS. Next, the author presented implementation results of SDI-LOD and concluded with a discussion of the implementation. This paper has motivated future work on SDI-LOD to integrating data from internet of things. Keywords: thematic map; LOD cloud; geospatial data; linked open data; geospatial web service; SDI
{"title":"Making attributes from the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud a part of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIS) for thematic mapping","authors":"W. Owusu-Banahene","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V7I1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V7I1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The creation of the linked open data (LOD) cloud has enhanced the availability of interlinked open statistical data associated with geographic regions (attributes) through the Web. Spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) are widely used to share, discover, visualise and retrieve geospatial data. Geoportals are the visible parts of SDIs focused on interoperability through implementing standards such OGC web services for discovery and use of geographic data and services. In the current form OGC services cannot be directly connected to the LOD cloud. This research aimed at finding novel ways of visualising linked data in the form of thematic maps over the Internet. This paper provided answers to the question of how an OGC Web Map Service (WMS) can create thematic maps by combining attributes from the LOD cloud with geometry stored in a spatial database server (SDS). This research contributed to bridging the gap between linked data, SDI and web thematic maps and further showed how existing web mapping and OGC technologies can benefit from the Semantic Web. First, the design of a geospatial web service (representing the visible part of an SDI) that accesses attribute data from the LOD cloud referred to in this paper as SDI-LOD is presented. SDI-LOD produces web thematic maps by programmatically combining attributes from the LOD cloud with geometry in an SDS. Next, the author presented implementation results of SDI-LOD and concluded with a discussion of the implementation. This paper has motivated future work on SDI-LOD to integrating data from internet of things. Keywords: thematic map; LOD cloud; geospatial data; linked open data; geospatial web service; SDI","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"112 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114058510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presented a review of intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution) for supplier selection in literature and identified gaps and lapses associated with the existing method. We also proposed new research frontiers. Keywords: intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS, supplier selection, metric functions
本文回顾了文献中关于供应商选择的直觉模糊TOPSIS (Order Preference Technique of Similarity to the Ideal Solution)，并指出了现有方法存在的不足和缺陷。我们还提出了新的研究领域。关键词:直觉模糊TOPSIS，供应商选择，度量函数
{"title":"A review of intuitionistic fuzzy topsis for supplier selection","authors":"D. E. Omorogbe","doi":"10.4314/stech.v5i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/stech.v5i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presented a review of intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution) for supplier selection in literature and identified gaps and lapses associated with the existing method. We also proposed new research frontiers. Keywords: intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS, supplier selection, metric functions","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115056194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy sustainability, conservation and use have become a more predominant trend globally. In view of the important nature of the energy sectors and the effect it has on national development of any country, there is a growing concern about energy consumption and waste, particularly about electricity consumer’s attitudes, behaviour and practices with respect to energy sustainability. Employing the context of cognitive, affective and behavioural components (ABC/Tricomponent Model of Attitude), this work presents the results of a systematic survey and analysis of electricity consumer’s attitudes, behaviours and practices towards energy use and sustainability. Using the random sampling method, the perception questionnaires were administered to respondents across the various streets chosen. The results indicate that although there is some level of awareness with regards to the need for energy sustainability and efficient practices, most consumers did not engage in such practices even among the highly educated. Taking consumer’s knowledge and use of energy saving devices as a case in point, of the 990 respondents, 78% affirmed to having this knowledge while 11% asserted to not knowing, with another 11% having no knowledge of either energy saving devices or its ability to conserve energy. Furthermore, of the 78 % respondents who asserted to being in the know, only 50.8 % actually used such devices while the remaining 49.2% did not despite being fully aware. Significant also is the fact that for respondents who did not have knowledge of electrical energy conservation, 71% indicated their willingness to learn more about the issue. The study therefore recommended that it is necessary to promote efficient use of electricity in order to benefit various stakeholders and it also submitted that there are energy-related attitudes and energy-saving behaviour that could be practiced and performed at little or no cost. Keywords: Energy efficiency, Energy conservation, Electricity usage, Consumer’s behaviour, Sustainability, Energy saving devices
{"title":"Energy efficiency and sustainability: evaluation of electricity consumer’s behaviour towards electricity usage and energy conservation","authors":"Y. N. Udoakah, I. Okure","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V6I2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V6I2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Energy sustainability, conservation and use have become a more predominant trend globally. In view of the important nature of the energy sectors and the effect it has on national development of any country, there is a growing concern about energy consumption and waste, particularly about electricity consumer’s attitudes, behaviour and practices with respect to energy sustainability. Employing the context of cognitive, affective and behavioural components (ABC/Tricomponent Model of Attitude), this work presents the results of a systematic survey and analysis of electricity consumer’s attitudes, behaviours and practices towards energy use and sustainability. Using the random sampling method, the perception questionnaires were administered to respondents across the various streets chosen. The results indicate that although there is some level of awareness with regards to the need for energy sustainability and efficient practices, most consumers did not engage in such practices even among the highly educated. Taking consumer’s knowledge and use of energy saving devices as a case in point, of the 990 respondents, 78% affirmed to having this knowledge while 11% asserted to not knowing, with another 11% having no knowledge of either energy saving devices or its ability to conserve energy. Furthermore, of the 78 % respondents who asserted to being in the know, only 50.8 % actually used such devices while the remaining 49.2% did not despite being fully aware. Significant also is the fact that for respondents who did not have knowledge of electrical energy conservation, 71% indicated their willingness to learn more about the issue. The study therefore recommended that it is necessary to promote efficient use of electricity in order to benefit various stakeholders and it also submitted that there are energy-related attitudes and energy-saving behaviour that could be practiced and performed at little or no cost. Keywords: Energy efficiency, Energy conservation, Electricity usage, Consumer’s behaviour, Sustainability, Energy saving devices","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115511832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is no dispute that entrepreneurship is critical for spurring entrepreneurs into launching small businesses to solve the perennial problem of youth unemployment. The prevailing viewpoint has therefore postulated on the fact that only the lack of entrepreneurship is to blame for the observed paucity of business start-ups to address the scourge of unemployment in Mozambique. This paper is based on a research that was carried out in Greater Maputo, the capital of Mozambique, involving a sample of 485 SMEs chosen using random sampling strategy. A face to face interview was conducted using structured, close-ended questionnaires to collect the primary data. The research was carried out applying quantitative methodology, using descriptive statistics and inferential research design, emphasising on frequencies and percentages as instruments of data management. The study revealed that the main problem of the start-up, growth and sustainability of SMEs was in fact inadequacy in competitiveness rather than the lack of entrepreneurship per se. The paper therefore offered recommendations on the appropriate solutions of encouraging the spirit of competitiveness within SMEs so as to deal with the scourge of youth unemployment in Mozambique. Keywords: Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship, small and medium enterprises, SMEs
{"title":"Primary factors threatening survival of SMEs in Mozambique","authors":"Sawaya Alen, S. Bhero","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V6I2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V6I2.8","url":null,"abstract":"There is no dispute that entrepreneurship is critical for spurring entrepreneurs into launching small businesses to solve the perennial problem of youth unemployment. The prevailing viewpoint has therefore postulated on the fact that only the lack of entrepreneurship is to blame for the observed paucity of business start-ups to address the scourge of unemployment in Mozambique. This paper is based on a research that was carried out in Greater Maputo, the capital of Mozambique, involving a sample of 485 SMEs chosen using random sampling strategy. A face to face interview was conducted using structured, close-ended questionnaires to collect the primary data. The research was carried out applying quantitative methodology, using descriptive statistics and inferential research design, emphasising on frequencies and percentages as instruments of data management. The study revealed that the main problem of the start-up, growth and sustainability of SMEs was in fact inadequacy in competitiveness rather than the lack of entrepreneurship per se. The paper therefore offered recommendations on the appropriate solutions of encouraging the spirit of competitiveness within SMEs so as to deal with the scourge of youth unemployment in Mozambique. Keywords: Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship, small and medium enterprises, SMEs","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125189704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to assess the suitability of agro-ecological regions for Jatropha Curcas cultivation using GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) tools. Rainfall amount and temperature data were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Federal Ministry of Aviation, Oshodi, Lagos and Climate Prediction Centre of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for a period of 3 years (2010 - 2012). Rainfall amounts in Edo state ranges between 1400mm-1500mm in the south most part of the state and decreases to 1200mm-1350mm at the centre of the State and 1000mm-1200mm in the north. These values fall within the optimal range for Jatropha cultivation. There are six (6) to seven (7) months of moisture adequacy in Edo state usually from April/May – September/October. Within this period, there is adequate moisture supply to satisfy the consumptive needs of Jatropha cultivation during its vegetative and flowering/fruiting stages. There are two rainfall peaks in Edo state namely May/June and September/October which guarantees two-times planting seasons, namely April planting season prior to the first rainfall peak in May/June and July/August planting season before the last rainfall peak (September/October). Runoff peaks in Edo state occur between September and October. Within this period soils are at field capacity and not suitable for onset of Jatropha cultivation. Analysis of slope conditions in Edo state showed that vast expanse of land in the state may be categorized as highly suitable with small patches of moderately suitable locations in the north. Soil condition in Edo state showed marginally suitable for soils in the mangrove region, southernmost part of the state and moderately suitable for hydromorphic soils of the Owena Basin west of the State. Finally, the result of multi-criteria analysis showed that Edo state can be grouped into two main classes of suitability namely; moderately and highly. Keywords: Jatropha Curcas , Energy production, Climatic factors, moisture storage, Soil condition
{"title":"Suitability of large scale Jatropha curcus cultivation in Edo State: a preliminary assessment using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method","authors":"C. Emeribe, N. Uwadia, G. Umoru, R. O. Efegoma","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V6I2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V6I2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to assess the suitability of agro-ecological regions for Jatropha Curcas cultivation using GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) tools. Rainfall amount and temperature data were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Federal Ministry of Aviation, Oshodi, Lagos and Climate Prediction Centre of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for a period of 3 years (2010 - 2012). Rainfall amounts in Edo state ranges between 1400mm-1500mm in the south most part of the state and decreases to 1200mm-1350mm at the centre of the State and 1000mm-1200mm in the north. These values fall within the optimal range for Jatropha cultivation. There are six (6) to seven (7) months of moisture adequacy in Edo state usually from April/May – September/October. Within this period, there is adequate moisture supply to satisfy the consumptive needs of Jatropha cultivation during its vegetative and flowering/fruiting stages. There are two rainfall peaks in Edo state namely May/June and September/October which guarantees two-times planting seasons, namely April planting season prior to the first rainfall peak in May/June and July/August planting season before the last rainfall peak (September/October). Runoff peaks in Edo state occur between September and October. Within this period soils are at field capacity and not suitable for onset of Jatropha cultivation. Analysis of slope conditions in Edo state showed that vast expanse of land in the state may be categorized as highly suitable with small patches of moderately suitable locations in the north. Soil condition in Edo state showed marginally suitable for soils in the mangrove region, southernmost part of the state and moderately suitable for hydromorphic soils of the Owena Basin west of the State. Finally, the result of multi-criteria analysis showed that Edo state can be grouped into two main classes of suitability namely; moderately and highly. Keywords: Jatropha Curcas , Energy production, Climatic factors, moisture storage, Soil condition","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132303322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nigeria economy has depended mainly on proceeds from the sales of crude oil to execute most capital projects, recurrent expenditures and funding for various sectors for several years. Studies revealed that most sectors of the economy are currently inert. The emphasis on the alternatives to the use of crude oil in the advanced economies has reduced oil demands and prices, which has further weakened Nigerian earnings and naira value, leading to reduction in crude oil revenue and excess crude oil receipt. Thus, diversification is not just a choice, but a necessity. On this vain, this work reviewed the current state of some sectors in Nigeria, highlighting the effect of dependence on mono-product economy and emphasize tourism potential as a tool for economy diversification. This paper also reviewed tourism development in Nigeria, as a potent tool for economy diversification. Nigeria’s tourism sector has the potential to generate $4 billion yearly. The future for tourism in Nigeria is dependent on the opportunities and challenges being exploited and addressed. The diversity of cultural attractions, the friendly disposition of the people, revamped National Tourism orientations are key advantages in getting the best out of this sector, which would aid in economy boost in this frail time. Therefore, the opportunities and potentials in Nigeria should be exploited, substantial investment planned and strategic marketing of Nigeria as a desirable tourist destination must be in place. Keywords: Economy diversification, Tourism Development, Tourism contribution, Gross Domestic Product, Mono-economy
{"title":"Economy diversification: a potent tool for tourism development in Nigeria","authors":"F. Ajani, K. Kalu","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V6I2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V6I2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria economy has depended mainly on proceeds from the sales of crude oil to execute most capital projects, recurrent expenditures and funding for various sectors for several years. Studies revealed that most sectors of the economy are currently inert. The emphasis on the alternatives to the use of crude oil in the advanced economies has reduced oil demands and prices, which has further weakened Nigerian earnings and naira value, leading to reduction in crude oil revenue and excess crude oil receipt. Thus, diversification is not just a choice, but a necessity. On this vain, this work reviewed the current state of some sectors in Nigeria, highlighting the effect of dependence on mono-product economy and emphasize tourism potential as a tool for economy diversification. This paper also reviewed tourism development in Nigeria, as a potent tool for economy diversification. Nigeria’s tourism sector has the potential to generate $4 billion yearly. The future for tourism in Nigeria is dependent on the opportunities and challenges being exploited and addressed. The diversity of cultural attractions, the friendly disposition of the people, revamped National Tourism orientations are key advantages in getting the best out of this sector, which would aid in economy boost in this frail time. Therefore, the opportunities and potentials in Nigeria should be exploited, substantial investment planned and strategic marketing of Nigeria as a desirable tourist destination must be in place. Keywords: Economy diversification, Tourism Development, Tourism contribution, Gross Domestic Product, Mono-economy","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133674257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Chigozie-Okwum, S. G. Ugboaja, Daniel Micheal, M. Osuo-Genseleke
With increasing access to internet and online resources in Nigeria, an exponential increase is observed in the rate of cybercrimes in Nigeria. Cybercrime rates increase geometrically, hence, giving Nigeria notoriety as a nation with a highly insecure cyberspace, the study aimed at identifying the root cause of the increase in the rate of cyber insecurity in Nigeria. The study adopted a survey methodology in which interview sessions were used for data collection. 50 respondents were purposively sampled. Data collected were analysed using the 5 WHYs method of root causes analysis. The research identified poor promotion of cyber security professionals’ recruitment, training, and upgrade in technical knowledge and development in Nigeria; lack of feasibility and workability analysis of the resultant effects of certain policies on the overall economic sector of the nation, sabotage by monitoring and regulation agencies which render the energy sector unfunctional; and sabotage by the elite class for personal gains and poor funding of the security agencies as the root causes of the increase in cyber insecurity in Nigeria. The study further highlighted recurrent prevention strategies to these root causes, such as the establishment of world class cyber security training institutions to train digital forensics investigators, and ethical hackers on global best practice and ways of combating the activities of cyber criminals among other strategies. Keywords: cyber security, cybercrimes, root cause, 5whys, proliferation, promotion
{"title":"Proliferation of cyber insecurity in Nigeria: a root cause analysis","authors":"C. Chigozie-Okwum, S. G. Ugboaja, Daniel Micheal, M. Osuo-Genseleke","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V6I2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V6I2.4","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing access to internet and online resources in Nigeria, an exponential increase is observed in the rate of cybercrimes in Nigeria. Cybercrime rates increase geometrically, hence, giving Nigeria notoriety as a nation with a highly insecure cyberspace, the study aimed at identifying the root cause of the increase in the rate of cyber insecurity in Nigeria. The study adopted a survey methodology in which interview sessions were used for data collection. 50 respondents were purposively sampled. Data collected were analysed using the 5 WHYs method of root causes analysis. The research identified poor promotion of cyber security professionals’ recruitment, training, and upgrade in technical knowledge and development in Nigeria; lack of feasibility and workability analysis of the resultant effects of certain policies on the overall economic sector of the nation, sabotage by monitoring and regulation agencies which render the energy sector unfunctional; and sabotage by the elite class for personal gains and poor funding of the security agencies as the root causes of the increase in cyber insecurity in Nigeria. The study further highlighted recurrent prevention strategies to these root causes, such as the establishment of world class cyber security training institutions to train digital forensics investigators, and ethical hackers on global best practice and ways of combating the activities of cyber criminals among other strategies. Keywords: cyber security, cybercrimes, root cause, 5whys, proliferation, promotion","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123065536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study adopted a quasi-experimental design using a pre-test, post-test control design in order to investigate the entrepreneurial skills and creative abilities of secondary school students in Physics. The study was carried out in Obio/Akpo Local Government Area of Rivers State of Nigeria, using purposive sampling technique. Sixty (60) SS2 Physics students were drawn from a population of six hundred (600) students. The instruments for the study are Creative Ability Test (CAT) and Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition Test (ESAT). The ESAT was use for an on the spot assessment. The reliability coefficients of the instruments are 0.95 for CAT and 0.74 for ESAT, using Kuder- Richardson Formula (K-R-21) and Cronbach Alpha respectively. The students in different groups were taught using three teaching strategies namely Demonstration, Guided-Inquiry and Cooperative strategies on the entrepreneurial skills in construction of potentiometer. The students were assessed before and after treatment on acquisition and use of entrepreneurial skills (measurement, manipulative and finger dexterity skills) in the making of potentiometer. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the study. Data collated were analysed using mean and percentage to answer the research questions while Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. Result shows that there is no significant difference in the interaction of the teaching strategies on the students of high, average and low creative abilities in their acquisition of entrepreneurial skills in the construction of potentiometer. However, the main effect of the teaching strategy is significant. Based on these findings it was recommended that Demonstration, Guided-inquiry and Cooperative innovative teaching strategies be used in instruction in Entrepreneurial skill acquisition such as the construction of potentiometer, in physics. Keywords: Guided-Discovery, Creative Abilities, Instructional Strategies, Entrepreneurship and Skills Acquisition
{"title":"Creativity of secondary school students: entrepreneurial skills acquisition in the construction of potentiometer in physics","authors":"E. Avwiri","doi":"10.4314/STECH.V6I2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/STECH.V6I2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The study adopted a quasi-experimental design using a pre-test, post-test control design in order to investigate the entrepreneurial skills and creative abilities of secondary school students in Physics. The study was carried out in Obio/Akpo Local Government Area of Rivers State of Nigeria, using purposive sampling technique. Sixty (60) SS2 Physics students were drawn from a population of six hundred (600) students. The instruments for the study are Creative Ability Test (CAT) and Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition Test (ESAT). The ESAT was use for an on the spot assessment. The reliability coefficients of the instruments are 0.95 for CAT and 0.74 for ESAT, using Kuder- Richardson Formula (K-R-21) and Cronbach Alpha respectively. The students in different groups were taught using three teaching strategies namely Demonstration, Guided-Inquiry and Cooperative strategies on the entrepreneurial skills in construction of potentiometer. The students were assessed before and after treatment on acquisition and use of entrepreneurial skills (measurement, manipulative and finger dexterity skills) in the making of potentiometer. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the study. Data collated were analysed using mean and percentage to answer the research questions while Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. Result shows that there is no significant difference in the interaction of the teaching strategies on the students of high, average and low creative abilities in their acquisition of entrepreneurial skills in the construction of potentiometer. However, the main effect of the teaching strategy is significant. Based on these findings it was recommended that Demonstration, Guided-inquiry and Cooperative innovative teaching strategies be used in instruction in Entrepreneurial skill acquisition such as the construction of potentiometer, in physics. Keywords: Guided-Discovery, Creative Abilities, Instructional Strategies, Entrepreneurship and Skills Acquisition","PeriodicalId":272760,"journal":{"name":"AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125045825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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