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Integrating crowdsourcing with holistic innovation management 将众包与整体创新管理相结合
Pub Date : 2016-09-20 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1221590
Ari Sivula, Jussi Kantola
The purpose of this conceptual study is to introduce a generic crowdsourcing model and apply it to an organization’s holistic innovation management. Organizations are in innovation competition and they need to manage innovations holistically and provide innovations that have a demand in the market. Earlier empirical studies have indicated the effectiveness of crowdsourcing in producing innovations. Crowdsourcing and its utilization in innovation-related management areas exist; however, a holistic approach to innovation management and crowdsourcing has not been presented. This article fills the research gap, providing a theoretical model based on earlier empirical research. The conceptual model was broadly verified in six case study organizations which indicate the conceptual model’s usefulness in practice. Organizations may utilize crowdsourcing in several ways to provide innovations with customer-based values.
本概念研究的目的是引入一个通用的众包模型,并将其应用于组织的整体创新管理。组织处于创新竞争中,他们需要全面管理创新,并提供有市场需求的创新。早期的实证研究表明,众包在产生创新方面是有效的。存在众包及其在创新管理领域的应用;然而,创新管理和众包的整体方法尚未被提出。本文填补了这一研究空白,在前人实证研究的基础上提供了一个理论模型。该概念模型在六个案例研究组织中得到了广泛的验证,表明了概念模型在实践中的实用性。组织可以通过几种方式利用众包来提供基于客户价值的创新。
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引用次数: 11
Developing an economic production quantity model with scrap, rework and backordering under vendor-managed inventory policy 在供应商管理的库存政策下,建立包含报废、返工和延期订单的经济生产数量模型
Pub Date : 2016-09-20 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1207974
Maryam Akbarzadeh, A. Taleizadeh, M. Esmaeili
The problem of reducing production costs is one of the operational goals and strategies for most manufacturing companies. In real-world production systems, because of process deterioration or other factors, the production of defective items is inevitable. Sometimes in a practical production environment, we can rework and repair imperfect items and production inventory costs are reduced as a result. Vendor-managed inventory (VMI) is an inventory management policy with continuous replenishment in which the vendor is responsible for the buyer’s inventory management. In this paper an economic production quantity (EPQ) model with imperfect reworking of unhealthy quality items produced is discussed. The overall costs of these inventory systems before and after implementing VMI are calculated. At the end, numerical examples are provided and sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effects of cost parameters on the optimal lot size, the shortage and the total cost. The results illustrate the cost reduction after implementing the VMI policy.
降低生产成本是大多数制造企业的经营目标和战略之一。在实际生产系统中,由于工艺恶化或其他因素,产生不良品是不可避免的。有时在实际生产环境中,我们可以返工和修复不完美的物品,从而降低生产库存成本。供应商管理库存(VMI)是一种持续补充的库存管理政策,其中供应商负责买方的库存管理。本文讨论了不合格产品不完全返工条件下的经济产量模型。计算这些库存系统在实施VMI之前和之后的总成本。最后,通过数值算例对成本参数对最优批数、缺货量和总成本的影响进行了敏感性分析。结果说明了VMI政策实施后的成本降低。
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引用次数: 6
Network Northamptonshire: total transport smart city procurement theoretical framework for sustainable economic and social change 网络北安普顿郡:可持续经济和社会变革的总交通智慧城市采购理论框架
Pub Date : 2016-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1178498
Liam Fassam, Scott Copsey, Andrew Gough
Culture, governance and procurement remain under-researched in current academic literature within a smart city transportation context, with evidence suggesting that procurement is a much needed aspect of bringing about change at local government level. This paper showcases the research based upon the “Network Northamptonshire” total transport project, bringing together elements of peer-reviewed research that purport success in the delivery of the smart city concept, allied to identifying gaps in the literature relating to best-in-class business practice to develop a theoretical framework “total transport smart city procurement”. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates that there is a disconnect between the ideals of the smart city and actual development needs, with the authors supporting the need for further research in the area of smart cities’ connection to culture, governance and procurement through the proposed framework in order to convey the wider European smart city concept and continue the sharing of best practice to bring about economic and socially connected conurbations.
在智慧城市交通背景下,目前的学术文献对文化、治理和采购的研究仍然不足,有证据表明,采购是地方政府层面带来变革的一个非常必要的方面。本文展示了基于“北安普敦郡网络”总交通项目的研究,汇集了同行评议的研究元素,这些研究声称在交付智慧城市概念方面取得了成功,同时确定了与一流商业实践相关的文献中的差距,以开发一个理论框架“总交通智慧城市采购”。此外,本文表明,智慧城市的理想与实际发展需求之间存在脱节,作者支持通过拟议的框架,在智慧城市与文化、治理和采购的联系领域进行进一步研究,以传达更广泛的欧洲智慧城市概念,并继续分享最佳实践,以实现经济和社会连接的城市。
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引用次数: 3
Editor’s letter 编辑的信
Pub Date : 2016-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1207451
Florent Frederix
Dear reader, since the start of the International Journal of Advanced Logistics now 4 years ago the domain of logistics has changed profoundly. Online retailers experience growth rates of 20% or more year after year. The success of online shops has triggered the drive towards highly automated warehouses, new overnight delivery service concepts, etc. Web2.0 made it easier than ever to route goods through a network of transporters. Such networks need other optimization algorithms. The availability of global positioning solutions such as GPS, Galileo and Glonas have made logistics a real-time process with actors along the supply chain that know the location of each item of a shipment at any time, opening options for many innovative logistics services. Connected Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) that use IEEE 802.11p, 4G and other wireless network technologies start to find their way to the market. C-ITS vehicle to infrastructure communication gives, as an example, transport trucks and cars the ability to synchronize their speed with road priority lights and save fuel, making road transport more efficient. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication can, as another example, warn for vehicles that approach a road crossing or create a safety hazard and reduce road incidents to a minimum. Infrastructure communication, including harbor and airport communication, makes it possible to better synchronize multimodal transport modes. Autonomous cars and trucks and emerging Smart City transportation solutions hold the promise to transform a city into a smart hub with autonomous vehicles moving goods and people in the city. Drones and multirotor copters add new modes of transportation that have captured the interest of larger distribution networks, and when successful will transform logistics again. All these technological developments hold the promise to extend the city with moving autonomous vehicles that will do doorstep delivery and transform the sky to a gigantic warehouse with autonomous aircrafts moving goods around the globe. Progress in battery technology and high-capacity super capacitors can make transport more energy-efficient and city-friendly. Continuous progress in high-speed train technology will make railway transport more attractive again and competitive with air transport. These and many other disruptive technologies can be seen by some as uncomfortable and a threat for their business model, but it also creates opportunities for those organizations that recognize them in time and for new actors in the domain. In this exciting era for logistics the ambition of this Journal is to give priority to researchers that publish their progress beyond the state of the art in advanced logistics and to help professionals in the sector to recognize these developments and to make the right choices when rolling out advanced logistics solutions.
亲爱的读者,自从四年前《国际先进物流杂志》创刊以来,物流领域发生了深刻的变化。在线零售商年复一年以20%甚至更高的速度增长。网上商店的成功引发了对高度自动化仓库、新的隔夜配送服务概念等的推动。Web2.0使得通过运输网络运输货物比以往任何时候都更容易。这样的网络需要其他优化算法。全球定位系统(GPS)、伽利略(Galileo)和格洛纳斯(Glonas)等全球定位解决方案的可用性,使物流成为一个实时过程,供应链上的参与者随时知道货物中每件物品的位置,为许多创新的物流服务提供了选择。使用IEEE 802.11p、4G和其他无线网络技术的互联智能交通系统(C-ITS)开始进入市场。例如,C-ITS车辆与基础设施的通信使运输卡车和汽车能够与道路优先灯同步速度并节省燃料,从而提高道路运输的效率。另一个例子是,车对车通信可以对接近十字路口或造成安全隐患的车辆发出警告,并将道路事故减少到最低限度。基础设施通信,包括港口和机场通信,使多式联运方式更好地同步成为可能。自动驾驶汽车和卡车以及新兴的智能城市交通解决方案有望将城市转变为智能枢纽,让自动驾驶汽车在城市中运送货物和人员。无人机和多旋翼直升机增加了新的运输方式,吸引了更大的分销网络的兴趣,一旦成功,将再次改变物流。所有这些技术的发展都有希望通过移动的自动驾驶汽车来扩展城市,这些自动驾驶汽车将上门送货,并将天空变成一个巨大的仓库,自动驾驶飞机将货物运送到全球各地。电池技术和大容量超级电容器的进步可以使交通更加节能和城市友好。高速列车技术的不断进步将使铁路运输再次具有吸引力,并与航空运输竞争。这些和许多其他的颠覆性技术可以被一些人看作是不舒服的,对他们的商业模式是一种威胁,但它也为那些及时认识到它们的组织和领域中的新参与者创造了机会。在这个激动人心的物流时代,本刊的目标是优先考虑那些在先进物流领域取得进展的研究人员,并帮助该领域的专业人士认识到这些发展,并在推出先进物流解决方案时做出正确的选择。
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引用次数: 0
The application of Internet of Things Brokers in logistics 物联网中介在物流中的应用
Pub Date : 2016-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1178500
B. Karakostas, N. Bessis
Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are predicted to have a big impact on the logistics industry. However, currently, IoT is characterized by a diversity of standards and protocols. To make different IoT sensors and other devices interoperate, IoT Brokers are employed to facilitate decoupling of communicating IoT devices using the publish–subscribe communication approach. This paper proposes how such IoT Brokers can be introduced in logistics environments and discusses issues of trust and security that arise in IoT for logistics contexts.
物联网(IoT)技术将对物流业产生巨大影响。然而,目前物联网的特点是标准和协议的多样性。为了使不同的物联网传感器和其他设备互操作,使用IoT broker来促进使用发布-订阅通信方法的通信物联网设备的解耦。本文提出了如何在物流环境中引入这种物联网代理,并讨论了物联网在物流环境中出现的信任和安全问题。
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引用次数: 3
Data quality assurance in international supply chains: an application of the value cycle approach to customs reporting 国际供应链中的数据质量保证:价值周期方法在海关报告中的应用
Pub Date : 2016-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1178501
Yuxin Wang, J. Hulstijn, Yao-Hua Tan
With increasing international trade and growing emphasis on security and efficiency, enhanced information and data-sharing between different stakeholders in global supply chains is required. Currently, data quality is not only problematic for traders, but also for various government agencies that are involved in border control, such as customs authorities, food and health inspection agencies, or border force. We adapt principles from the value cycle modelling in accounting, and show how these principles enabled by ICT can be extended to supply chain management to ensure quality of data reported to customs. We then describe a typical application scenario based on a real but anonymized case, to show that value cycle monitoring can be applied (feasibility), and if applied, what the expected benefits are (usefulness).
随着国际贸易的增长和对安全和效率的日益重视,需要加强全球供应链中不同利益攸关方之间的信息和数据共享。目前,数据质量不仅对贸易商有问题,而且对涉及边境管制的各种政府机构,如海关当局、食品和卫生检查机构或边防部队也有问题。我们采用会计价值周期模型中的原则,并展示如何将这些原则通过信息通信技术扩展到供应链管理,以确保向海关报告的数据质量。然后,我们基于一个真实但匿名的案例描述了一个典型的应用场景,以显示可以应用价值周期监控(可行性),以及如果应用了,预期的好处是什么(有用性)。
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引用次数: 6
An interorganizational IT infrastructure for self-organization in logistics: situation awareness and real-time chain composition 物流自组织的组织间IT基础设施:态势感知和实时链组成
Pub Date : 2016-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1195101
W. Hofman, M. Punter, H. Bastiaansen, E. Cornelisse, S. Dalmolen, Z. Palaskas, B. Karakostas, Jose Gato, Javier Garcia, G. Herrero, Marta Gonzalez-Rodriguez
To meet the challenges for more sustainable, effective and efficient transport services in global logistics, a new IT-paradigm is needed to harvest the opportunities that capabilities for situation awareness and real-time chain composition provide. The iCargo project provides such an advanced, highly distributed, IT infrastructure with, as fundamental features:• a highly distributed “system-of-systems” implementation with a minimum of centralized functionality, referred to as the “Hybrid Services Network” (HSN);• virtualization of the IT infrastructure (HSN) to shield the user from the complexities of the highly distributed implementation through the use of “access points”;• seamless interoperability by means of semantic technology deployed through semantic gateways. This paper elaborates these aspects of an interorganizational IT infrastructure for logistics. Additionally, the migration towards this innovative and advanced infrastructure is addressed.
为了应对在全球物流中实现更可持续、更有效和更高效的运输服务的挑战,需要一种新的it模式来收获态势感知能力和实时链构成能力所提供的机会。iCargo项目提供了这样一个先进的、高度分布式的IT基础设施,其基本特征是:•高度分布式的“系统的系统”实现,具有最小的集中功能;被称为“混合服务网络”(HSN); IT基础设施(HSN)的虚拟化,通过使用“接入点”来保护用户免受高度分布式实现的复杂性;通过语义网关部署的语义技术实现无缝互操作性。本文详细阐述了组织间物流IT基础设施的这些方面。此外,还讨论了向这种创新和先进基础设施的迁移。
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引用次数: 4
Semantic technology for enabling logistics innovations – towards Intelligent Cargo in the Physical Internet 实现物流创新的语义技术——迈向物理互联网中的智能货物
Pub Date : 2016-04-11 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1144358
W. Hofman, M. Punter, H. Bastiaansen, E. Cornelisse, S. Dalmolen
Supply visibility is a prerequisite for increased capacity utilization, avoiding unnecessary bottlenecks, supply chain resilience, and compliance. Capacity utilization is both on the level of transport means such as trucks, trains, and barges, as well the optimal usage of the underlying infrastructure. Hubs like terminals, railway stations, locks in inland waterways, and warehouses, have to accommodate a potential large number of transport means and cargo thus increasing turnaround times and delays. Utilizing infrastructure, capacity, distribution, and movement data in planning is commonly denominated as synchromodal planning. Supply chain resilience implies predictive actions on handling exceptions like accidents and (major) incidents. Compliance implies timely access to data to assess potential risks and take corrective measures. In such a complex environment, data sharing has to be configured dynamically. Semantics is a prerequisite to address these issues. It requires the support of an infrastructure. To enable, to increase, and to improve the level of cooperation between enterprises, the ability to share data between organizations is crucial. Ontologies can lower the semantic barriers between organizations and enable IT infrastructures to support new business relations faster at lower cost.
供应可见性是提高产能利用率、避免不必要的瓶颈、供应链弹性和遵从性的先决条件。运力利用率既包括卡车、火车和驳船等运输工具,也包括底层基础设施的最佳利用。码头、火车站、内河水闸和仓库等枢纽必须容纳潜在的大量运输工具和货物,从而增加周转时间和延误。在规划中利用基础设施、容量、分布和移动数据通常被称为同步规划。供应链弹性意味着在处理意外和(重大)事件等异常时采取预测性行动。合规性意味着及时访问数据以评估潜在风险并采取纠正措施。在如此复杂的环境中,必须动态配置数据共享。语义是解决这些问题的先决条件。它需要基础设施的支持。为了实现、增加和改进企业之间的合作水平,组织之间共享数据的能力至关重要。本体可以降低组织之间的语义障碍,并使IT基础设施能够以更低的成本更快地支持新的业务关系。
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引用次数: 14
Food supply chain sustainable performance in plant decision 食品供应链在工厂决策中的可持续表现
Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2015.1103542
Hanne Ala-Harja, P. Helo
This case study explores how the supply chain’s sustainable performance differs if there are two production plants instead of one. Short introductions to theories and previous studies about food supply chains, sustainability and supply chain performance are given. The sustainable performance of the case study is analysed with the SCOR-based food supply chain sustainable performance model. Results show that two plants are, for example, more carbon- and cost-effective than is one plant. As a conclusion, individual measures of environmental or economic performance are not enough when optimizing supply chain sustainable performance. Individual measures can be used in partial optimization. This case study gives applicable information about the effects of the plant location decision on sustainability performance measured with a carbon footprint.
本案例研究探讨了如果有两个生产工厂而不是一个生产工厂,供应链的可持续绩效是如何不同的。简要介绍了有关食品供应链、可持续性和供应链绩效的理论和以往的研究。运用基于得分的食品供应链可持续绩效模型对案例的可持续绩效进行了分析。例如,结果表明,两种植物比一种植物的碳排放和成本效益更高。综上所述,在优化供应链可持续绩效时,单独衡量环境或经济绩效是不够的。个别措施可用于局部优化。本案例研究提供了有关工厂选址决策对碳足迹测量的可持续性绩效影响的适用信息。
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引用次数: 7
Evaluation framework in Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) for freight transport: the case of the CO-GISTICS speed advice service 货运合作智能运输系统(C-ITS)的评估框架:以CO-GISTICS速度咨询服务为例
Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/2287108X.2016.1144373
J. S. Salanova Grau, Andrea Rusich, E. Mitsakis, W. Ukovich, M. P. Fanti, G. Aifadopoulou, M. Nolich, Elisabetta Scala, Christos Papadopoulos
The transport sector has relevant impacts on economic and social aspects in the European Union. Freight transportation had an increasing role in this context with road transport that covers 45% of the total billion ton-kilometres in 2012. Cooperative intelligent transport systems (ITS) are promising solutions to adopt in order to increase the efficiency and reduce the environmental impacts of freight road transportation. In recent years, the European Community has founded several projects concerning C-ITS applications in freight transportation. A valuable evaluation of their impacts represents a new challenge. The current paper overviews the impact assessment methodologies applied in recent founded projects with the aim of defining an evaluation framework for the ongoing 7th Framework Program project “COoperative loGISTICS for sustainable mobility of goods (CO-GISTICS)”. Moreover, a complete case study of the Priority and Speed Advice service is detailed, highlighting both qualitative and quantitative aspects.
运输部门对欧洲联盟的经济和社会方面有相关的影响。货运在这方面发挥着越来越大的作用,2012年公路运输占全球10亿吨公里运输总量的45%。协作式智能运输系统(ITS)是一种很有前途的解决方案,可以提高效率,减少货运道路运输对环境的影响。近年来,欧共体建立了几个关于C-ITS在货运中的应用的项目。对其影响进行有价值的评价是一项新的挑战。本文概述了最近成立的项目中应用的影响评估方法,目的是为正在进行的第7个框架计划项目“合作物流促进货物可持续流动(CO-GISTICS)”定义评估框架。此外,本书还详细介绍了优先服务和快速咨询服务的完整案例研究,强调了质量和数量方面的问题。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
International Journal of Advanced Logistics
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