Pub Date : 1976-09-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/305
J. Billard
Waves whose amplitudes become null at infinity are searched. The problem is reduced to the research of solutions of a two partial derivatives equations system. For the cartesian components of fields it proceeds the orthogonality condition of the isophase and the equiamplitude surfaces and the conditions of equality between the wave vector modulus and the propagation constant of the medium. The waves, the longitudinal components, isophases and equiamplitudes of which, have the same revolving axis, are studied in the case where the phase is proportional to the course. The waves, the equiamplitudes of which are orthogonal to plane isophases, have a constant in the whole space wave vector. More, if, the equiamplitudes are plane the solution are the plane and uniform heterogeneous waves (the plane and homogeneous waves are a peculiar case). If the cylindrical components, equiamplitudes are circular cylinders and if their isophases are plane, there are solutions with finite amplitude everywhere and null amplitude in any direction except the one of the propagation. They give a representation of a parellel light beam. A method to elaborate such a beam is suggested. Two of those beams, of the same frequency, which follow the same way, conduct to the interferences specifical to heterogeneous waves.
{"title":"Propagation of peculiar heterogeneous waves","authors":"J. Billard","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/305","url":null,"abstract":"Waves whose amplitudes become null at infinity are searched. The problem is reduced to the research of solutions of a two partial derivatives equations system. For the cartesian components of fields it proceeds the orthogonality condition of the isophase and the equiamplitude surfaces and the conditions of equality between the wave vector modulus and the propagation constant of the medium. The waves, the longitudinal components, isophases and equiamplitudes of which, have the same revolving axis, are studied in the case where the phase is proportional to the course. The waves, the equiamplitudes of which are orthogonal to plane isophases, have a constant in the whole space wave vector. More, if, the equiamplitudes are plane the solution are the plane and uniform heterogeneous waves (the plane and homogeneous waves are a peculiar case). If the cylindrical components, equiamplitudes are circular cylinders and if their isophases are plane, there are solutions with finite amplitude everywhere and null amplitude in any direction except the one of the propagation. They give a representation of a parellel light beam. A method to elaborate such a beam is suggested. Two of those beams, of the same frequency, which follow the same way, conduct to the interferences specifical to heterogeneous waves.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125590613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-09-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/307
J. Boulassier
When light intensities are distributed on a spherical wave according to a gaussian law, it is possible to obtain an accurate analytic relationship expressing the Ni number of ions created in a K-photon ionization experiment. This relationship may be considered, for a given K value, as a function of p = A int T0 ΓK0 dt which is called ionization probability at the center of curvature of the wave. It has been numerically computed with K = 2 through 7, 11 and 19. At last, it is shown how to get out of experimental results the value of A with the help of the graphs Ni(p, K).
当光强按高斯定律分布在球波上时，可以得到k光子电离实验中离子Ni数的精确解析关系。对于给定的K值，这种关系可以考虑为p = a int T0 ΓK0 dt的函数，这称为波曲率中心的电离概率。通过K = 2到7,11和19进行了数值计算。最后给出了如何利用Ni(p, K)图从实验结果中求出A的值。
{"title":"Ions generation by multiphoton ionization in the focal space of a gaussian beam","authors":"J. Boulassier","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/307","url":null,"abstract":"When light intensities are distributed on a spherical wave according to a gaussian law, it is possible to obtain an accurate analytic relationship expressing the Ni number of ions created in a K-photon ionization experiment. This relationship may be considered, for a given K value, as a function of p = A int T0 ΓK0 dt which is called ionization probability at the center of curvature of the wave. It has been numerically computed with K = 2 through 7, 11 and 19. At last, it is shown how to get out of experimental results the value of A with the help of the graphs Ni(p, K).","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124822888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-09-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/301
Hua-Kuang Liu, J. Goodman
A new and simple method for pseudo-coloring a photograph in a coherent optical processing system, utilizing a newly developed technique of half-tone screens, is described. By selective spatial filtering of the high diffraction orders in the Fourier plane of a coherent optical system, images with up to ten contours of constant brightness have been generated on a picture from a single half-tone copy of that picture. The pseudo-coloring of the picture is achieved by mixing the high-diffraction-order outputs generated by lasers of different wavelengths. In the experiment described herein, an argon laser and a He-Ne laser were used. The experimental results demonstrate that the method has considerable flexibility. A discussion of the theory, the method, and potential applications is given.
{"title":"A new coherent optical pseudo-color encoder","authors":"Hua-Kuang Liu, J. Goodman","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/5/301","url":null,"abstract":"A new and simple method for pseudo-coloring a photograph in a coherent optical processing system, utilizing a newly developed technique of half-tone screens, is described. By selective spatial filtering of the high diffraction orders in the Fourier plane of a coherent optical system, images with up to ten contours of constant brightness have been generated on a picture from a single half-tone copy of that picture. The pseudo-coloring of the picture is achieved by mixing the high-diffraction-order outputs generated by lasers of different wavelengths. In the experiment described herein, an argon laser and a He-Ne laser were used. The experimental results demonstrate that the method has considerable flexibility. A discussion of the theory, the method, and potential applications is given.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117212689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-07-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/105
G. Bachet
Comment about the system wich rotates the grating in linear wavelengh number is presented. Moreover, a process for coupling the slits opening to the grating rotation is described, to keep constant the spectral slit width.
{"title":"Comments on «a high resolution monochromator used in a spectrometer for Raman's diffusion»","authors":"G. Bachet","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/105","url":null,"abstract":"Comment about the system wich rotates the grating in linear wavelengh number is presented. Moreover, a process for coupling the slits opening to the grating rotation is described, to keep constant the spectral slit width.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"355 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121630661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-07-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/302
G. Bonnet
The transfer of the partial coherence by an optical system is studied, within the framework of a polychromatic light. The method relies on the fundamental fact that the coherence is transformed by a linear filter univocally connected to the filter acting on the electric field. It results a particular relationship of structure between the transformations assumed by the field and the coherence: space-time filtering as much as spatial Fourier transform, which are successively analysed in the case of transfer by direct diffraction. The results obtained are specified in the particular case of a narrow-band radiation or yet an incoherent object; which allows, among others, to situate Zernike theorem in a quite general context.
{"title":"Polychromatic partial coherence: space-time filtering and Fourier transform","authors":"G. Bonnet","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/302","url":null,"abstract":"The transfer of the partial coherence by an optical system is studied, within the framework of a polychromatic light. The method relies on the fundamental fact that the coherence is transformed by a linear filter univocally connected to the filter acting on the electric field. It results a particular relationship of structure between the transformations assumed by the field and the coherence: space-time filtering as much as spatial Fourier transform, which are successively analysed in the case of transfer by direct diffraction. The results obtained are specified in the particular case of a narrow-band radiation or yet an incoherent object; which allows, among others, to situate Zernike theorem in a quite general context.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"29 3 Suppl 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131872177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-07-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/304
J. Martin, R. Cano
Light propagation in cholesteric Liquid-Crystals near inversion range is studied in prismatic cells, the direction of propagation being that of helicoidal axis, or making small angle with this axis. Experimental results, both for indices and for polarisation agree with recent developments of De Vries theory. Moreover direct measures of apparent rotatory power, show anomalies (variation with sample thickness) justified by theory. Finally we give theoretical justification of the selective reflection by cholesteric liquid crystals.
{"title":"Light propagation in cholesteric liquid crystals in a domain including inversion range","authors":"J. Martin, R. Cano","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/304","url":null,"abstract":"Light propagation in cholesteric Liquid-Crystals near inversion range is studied in prismatic cells, the direction of propagation being that of helicoidal axis, or making small angle with this axis. Experimental results, both for indices and for polarisation agree with recent developments of De Vries theory. Moreover direct measures of apparent rotatory power, show anomalies (variation with sample thickness) justified by theory. Finally we give theoretical justification of the selective reflection by cholesteric liquid crystals.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116207308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-07-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/301
J. Appel, A. Girard
An apparatus for image analysis by multiplex optical coding has been designed and built. Two methods were experimented for image decoding: an analogue method and a numerical method, with image visualization in real time. The results obtained confirm the theoretical predictions as regards the « multiplex gain » due to this image analysis method.
{"title":"Image analysis by multiplex optical coding","authors":"J. Appel, A. Girard","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/301","url":null,"abstract":"An apparatus for image analysis by multiplex optical coding has been designed and built. Two methods were experimented for image decoding: an analogue method and a numerical method, with image visualization in real time. The results obtained confirm the theoretical predictions as regards the « multiplex gain » due to this image analysis method.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133174000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-07-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/303
R. Rattan, Kehar Singh
The paper examines the images of uniform incoherent bright disks under the assumption of scalar diffraction theory in the presence of transverse sinusoidal vibrations. Results for the intensity distribution along the direction of vibrations in the disk spread function are given in graphical form for disks with various values of diameter. It is shown that in certain cases the influence of vibrations is very pronounced and may completely distort the object. Hence an accurate knowledge of the image intensity distribution is desirable for the persons engaged in the work concerning aerial reconnaissance etc.
{"title":"Diffraction images of bright incoherent disks in the presence of transverse sinusoidal vibrations","authors":"R. Rattan, Kehar Singh","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/4/303","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the images of uniform incoherent bright disks under the assumption of scalar diffraction theory in the presence of transverse sinusoidal vibrations. Results for the intensity distribution along the direction of vibrations in the disk spread function are given in graphical form for disks with various values of diameter. It is shown that in certain cases the influence of vibrations is very pronounced and may completely distort the object. Hence an accurate knowledge of the image intensity distribution is desirable for the persons engaged in the work concerning aerial reconnaissance etc.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132779989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-05-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/3/305
J. Liénard
We want to calculate the intercorrelation between the signal S(t) and its time compressed copy S(kt). The compression of the signal is obtained by modifying the conditions of the restitution of a hologram. The main possible solutions are studied and the operational device is described.
{"title":"Realization of a multiconvoluter, utilizing the properties of holograms","authors":"J. Liénard","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/3/305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/3/305","url":null,"abstract":"We want to calculate the intercorrelation between the signal S(t) and its time compressed copy S(kt). The compression of the signal is obtained by modifying the conditions of the restitution of a hologram. The main possible solutions are studied and the operational device is described.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115413380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-05-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/7/3/304
J. Prenel
A study of holographic recording of any plane wave is carried out taking into account the 3 D aspect of the sensitive material, particularly the absorption of the recording medium. The conventional concept of local transmittance (after processing) is replaced by that of local absorption coefficient, related to the dynamics of the system. This allows to assess the 3 D pupil function which is characteristic of amplitude hologram. More over such a model permits to point out the behavior of halyde layers.
{"title":"Holographic recording of a plane wave: assessment of the 3 D pupil function which is characteristic of amplitude hologram","authors":"J. Prenel","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/7/3/304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/7/3/304","url":null,"abstract":"A study of holographic recording of any plane wave is carried out taking into account the 3 D aspect of the sensitive material, particularly the absorption of the recording medium. The conventional concept of local transmittance (after processing) is replaced by that of local absorption coefficient, related to the dynamics of the system. This allows to assess the 3 D pupil function which is characteristic of amplitude hologram. More over such a model permits to point out the behavior of halyde layers.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131576599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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