Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-45-4-75-82
D. Petrov
The article explores tribal aspect of Libyan policy. Cases of Warfalla and Tuareg tribal groups show an important role of tribal entities in modern Libya. In focus are activity of Social Council of Warfalla Tribes as an influential political actor with its own armed force and successful fight of Tuareg militias over control of huge El Sharara oilfield as well as their confrontation with Tubu tribal militias. The main sources for the research are information from such Internet-journals as Reuters, The Economist, Al-Monitor, The Libya Observer, etc. as well as reports from expert groups such as Country of Origin Information (COI) and Global Security. The research led to the conclusion that tribal political actors play an independent role in the process of civil confrontation in Libya. By the manipulation of loyalties and maneuvering among official political actors they protect their own kind of “hidden sovereignty” over territories and resources. Main political leaders of the country, Khalifa Haftar and Fayez al-Sarraj, are actually dependent on complicated mosaic of tribal interests which determines changing loyalties of tribal actors. At the same time tribal actors often have links over the borders of the state. Tuareg are fine example of this phenomenon, while Tuareg tribal militias are allied with armed tribal movements of their kinsmen in Mali and Niger. The case of Social Council of Warfalla Tribes appears to be very helpful example. The institutions of governance as well as network of alliances developed by tribal actors in fact create a spontaneous institutional alternative to a project of centralized nation-state in Libya. Representatives of these unofficial non-state institutions work in different social spheres on a grassroots level.
{"title":"Role of Tribes in Current Libyan Conflict","authors":"D. Petrov","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-45-4-75-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-45-4-75-82","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores tribal aspect of Libyan policy. Cases of Warfalla and Tuareg tribal groups show an important role of tribal entities in modern Libya. In focus are activity of Social Council of Warfalla Tribes as an influential political actor with its own armed force and successful fight of Tuareg militias over control of huge El Sharara oilfield as well as their confrontation with Tubu tribal militias.\u0000The main sources for the research are information from such Internet-journals as Reuters, The Economist, Al-Monitor, The Libya Observer, etc. as well as reports from expert groups such as Country of Origin Information (COI) and Global Security.\u0000The research led to the conclusion that tribal political actors play an independent role in the process of civil confrontation in Libya. By the manipulation of loyalties and maneuvering among official political actors they protect their own kind of “hidden sovereignty” over territories and resources. Main political leaders of the country, Khalifa Haftar and Fayez al-Sarraj, are actually dependent on complicated mosaic of tribal interests which determines changing loyalties of tribal actors.\u0000At the same time tribal actors often have links over the borders of the state. Tuareg are fine example of this phenomenon, while Tuareg tribal militias are allied with armed tribal movements of their kinsmen in Mali and Niger.\u0000The case of Social Council of Warfalla Tribes appears to be very helpful example. The institutions of governance as well as network of alliances developed by tribal actors in fact create a spontaneous institutional alternative to a project of centralized nation-state in Libya. Representatives of these unofficial non-state institutions work in different social spheres on a grassroots level.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127836576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-45-4-111-122
Irina Tatarovskaya
The article is devoted to the analysis of the supernatural in African mythology. One of the most essential features of mythological consciousness and knowledge is the dual perception of the world: in the form of a concrete sensible perceived subject and its supersensible image. The main elements of the supernatural are: gods, spirits, totem, magic, witchcraft, etc. They have a different ontological and epistemological status and perform different functions. The article describes the symbolic character of African mythology and analyzes the structure of the symbol. It is shown that myths are “Philosophemes”, in which through a symbolic form the understanding of the nature of reality is given. The supernatural in African mythology relates to the time, which ontological foundation is the life span of the individual.
{"title":"Supernatural in African Mythology","authors":"Irina Tatarovskaya","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-45-4-111-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-45-4-111-122","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the supernatural in African mythology. One of the most essential features of mythological consciousness and knowledge is the dual perception of the world: in the form of a concrete sensible perceived subject and its supersensible image. The main elements of the supernatural are: gods, spirits, totem, magic, witchcraft, etc. They have a different ontological and epistemological status and perform different functions. The article describes the symbolic character of African mythology and analyzes the structure of the symbol. It is shown that myths are “Philosophemes”, in which through a symbolic form the understanding of the nature of reality is given. The supernatural in African mythology relates to the time, which ontological foundation is the life span of the individual.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121514338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-95-110
T. Deych
The object of this paper is North Africa and Mediterranean. The subject of research is China’s policy towards North African countries during “Arab spring” and at the present historical stage. This article is devoted to the role of the North African and Mediterranean countries in contemporary China’s foreign policy and in new Chinese initiative “One Belt–One Road”(BRI). The methodological basis of research is comparative political approach. The fundamental China’s foreign policy principle is non – interference in internal affairs of other countries. The study shows, that “Arab awakening” has become a test for Beijings’ traditional commitment to this principle, composing it by measures for protection of Chinese citizens, business and financial investments abroad. At the same time, Beijing drew conclusions from the Libyan events. Together with Russia it has prevented the escalating of Syrian conflict under the Libyan scenario. In Beijing foreign policy strategy the new initiative BRI takes the leading place. The aim of this research is to show that the North African and Mediterranean countries, located at the crossroads of the land and sea Silk roads, play an important role in new Chinese project. Egypt, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia are in focus of China’s interests. The implementation of Chinese initiative envisages infrastructure projects, which should cover all expanse of the Belt. These projects include the construction of railways and highways, aviation, energy, industrial parks, construction of ports in Turkey, Greece, Israel and other coastal countries. The author makes the conclusion: although China adheres to doctrine of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and avoids participation in armed confrontation, it aspires to play the role of influential player in North Africa and Mediterranean and to strengthen its economic, political and military influence in this important region.
{"title":"China’s Policy in North African and Eastern Mediterranean Countries","authors":"T. Deych","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-95-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-95-110","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this paper is North Africa and Mediterranean. The subject of research is China’s policy towards North African countries during “Arab spring” and at the present historical stage. This article is devoted to the role of the North African and Mediterranean countries in contemporary China’s foreign policy and in new Chinese initiative “One Belt–One Road”(BRI). The methodological basis of research is comparative political approach. The fundamental China’s foreign policy principle is non – interference in internal affairs of other countries. The study shows, that “Arab awakening” has become a test for Beijings’ traditional commitment to this principle, composing it by measures for protection of Chinese citizens, business and financial investments abroad. At the same time, Beijing drew conclusions from the Libyan events. Together with Russia it has prevented the escalating of Syrian conflict under the Libyan scenario. In Beijing foreign policy strategy the new initiative BRI takes the leading place. The aim of this research is to show that the North African and Mediterranean countries, located at the crossroads of the land and sea Silk roads, play an important role in new Chinese project. Egypt, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia are in focus of China’s interests. The implementation of Chinese initiative envisages infrastructure projects, which should cover all expanse of the Belt. These projects include the construction of railways and highways, aviation, energy, industrial parks, construction of ports in Turkey, Greece, Israel and other coastal countries. The author makes the conclusion: although China adheres to doctrine of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and avoids participation in armed confrontation, it aspires to play the role of influential player in North Africa and Mediterranean and to strengthen its economic, political and military influence in this important region.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126482174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-83-99
N. Krylova, I. Rybalkina
For the first time in African studies, conducted in Russia, the authors generalize and analyze the experience of centuries-old socialization practices in conjunction with the latest trends in this field. The problem of childhood has long occupied an independent place in the wide range of scientific disciplines that to some extent examine the image of man. It is difficult to avoid standard phrases expressing the possibilities of studying this stage of a person’s life, all those institutions, rules and codes, traditions, customs and innovations, models of morality and culture that are laid in this unique period of life when mental essence and civil image are formed. One of the main factors of the sociocultural nature that forms a young African is the influence of community norms and traditions of values that hold down a person and tie him to a given social group. In a traditional African society, the family has always been (and remains) the main institution of socialization; for the individual it has been that very sociocultural field within which the personality has been formed. In a large African family, the problem boiles down to the development of a very simple model of behavior – to follow the precepts of the ancestors, to reproduce their experience and skills, to preserve their way of life. The formation of more or less close relations of the child with adults who take care of him/her – parents, relatives, friends of the family, etc. – turns the latter into the main agents of his/her socialization. At present, one of the most important factors of socialization is schooling. Often children combine study and work; in Africa, child labor is the most common in the world. Despite the official legal prohibition of the use of child labor, family control plays a key role in its practice. It depends mainly on the family whether the child continues to study or leaves school and engages only in labor activity, the latter primarily within the family. The problem of reducing and eradicating child labor has both moral, ethical, and socio-economic aspects. To solve it, it is necessary to expand access to schooling, increase incomes by achieving greater opportunities for employment and earnings for adult workers, and change attitudes towards child labor on the part of the whole society, and at the same time observe the laws regulating its use.
{"title":"Young Africans. Peculiarities of Social Practices and their Role in the Formation of the Young Generation","authors":"N. Krylova, I. Rybalkina","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-83-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-83-99","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time in African studies, conducted in Russia, the authors generalize and analyze the experience of centuries-old socialization practices in conjunction with the latest trends in this field.\u0000The problem of childhood has long occupied an independent place in the wide range of scientific disciplines that to some extent examine the image of man. It is difficult to avoid standard phrases expressing the possibilities of studying this stage of a person’s life, all those institutions, rules and codes, traditions, customs and innovations, models of morality and culture that are laid in this unique period of life when mental essence and civil image are formed. One of the main factors of the sociocultural nature that forms a young African is the influence of community norms and traditions of values that hold down a person and tie him to a given social group. In a traditional African society, the family has always been (and remains) the main institution of socialization; for the individual it has been that very sociocultural field within which the personality has been formed. In a large African family, the problem boiles down to the development of a very simple model of behavior – to follow the precepts of the ancestors, to reproduce their experience and skills, to preserve their way of life. The formation of more or less close relations of the child with adults who take care of him/her – parents, relatives, friends of the family, etc. – turns the latter into the main agents of his/her socialization.\u0000At present, one of the most important factors of socialization is schooling. Often children combine study and work; in Africa, child labor is the most common in the world. Despite the official legal prohibition of the use of child labor, family control plays a key role in its practice. It depends mainly on the family whether the child continues to study or leaves school and engages only in labor activity, the latter primarily within the family. The problem of reducing and eradicating child labor has both moral, ethical, and socio-economic aspects. To solve it, it is necessary to expand access to schooling, increase incomes by achieving greater opportunities for employment and earnings for adult workers, and change attitudes towards child labor on the part of the whole society, and at the same time observe the laws regulating its use.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133962260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-11-17
L. Fituni, I. Abramova
The article is devoted to the analysis of conceptual approaches, methods and tools used by the United States and its allies for political and manipulative influence upon national elites of the “ascending” and other strategically important States of the world in order to retain a dominant position in the global world order and to gain advantages in geopolitical competition. The authors consider the structure of the elites, targeted by political manipulation from the point of view of the vulnerability of their elements and elite groups to external pressure, blackmail and other forms of manipulation. It is shown that among the tools of manipulative pressure upon national elites, an important role belongs to the information and communication impact on the object of manipulation. The article calls for scientific cognition of the mechanisms and practices of political manipulation of national elites in order to protect the interests of the Russian state and to ensure conditions for the upward development of the country.
{"title":"Manipulating National Elites: Means of Perpetuating the Existing World Order","authors":"L. Fituni, I. Abramova","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-11-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of conceptual approaches, methods and tools used by the United States and its allies for political and manipulative influence upon national elites of the “ascending” and other strategically important States of the world in order to retain a dominant position in the global world order and to gain advantages in geopolitical competition. The authors consider the structure of the elites, targeted by political manipulation from the point of view of the vulnerability of their elements and elite groups to external pressure, blackmail and other forms of manipulation. It is shown that among the tools of manipulative pressure upon national elites, an important role belongs to the information and communication impact on the object of manipulation. The article calls for scientific cognition of the mechanisms and practices of political manipulation of national elites in order to protect the interests of the Russian state and to ensure conditions for the upward development of the country.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133000748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-38-74
B. Rider
This article is focused on exploration not merely proposed developments in and refinements of the law and its administration, but the very significant role that financial intelligence can and should play in protecting our societies. It is the contention of the author that the intelligence community at large and in particular financial intelligence units have an important role to play in protecting our economies and ensuring confidence is maintained in our financial institutions and markets. In this article the author considers a number of issues pertinent to the advancement of integrity and in particular the interdiction of corruption to some degree from the perspective of Africa. The potential for Africa as a player in the world economy is enormous. So far, the ambiguous inheritance of rapacious empires and the turmoil of self-dealing elites in post-colonial times has successfully obscured and undermined this potential. Indeed, such has been the mismanagement, selfishness and importuning that many have grave doubts as to the ability of many states to achieve an ordered transition to what they could and should be. South Africa is perhaps the best example of a society that while avoiding the catastrophe that its recent past predicted, remains racked by corruption and mismanagement. That there is the will in many parts of the continent to further stability and security by addressing the cancer of corruption, the reality is that few have remained or been allowed to remain steadfast in their mission and all have been frustrated by political self-interest and lack of resources. The key might be education and inter-generational change as it has been in other parts of the world, but only an optimist would see this coming any time soon – there is too much vested interest inside and outside Africa in keeping things much as they are! The author focuses not so much on attempting to perfect the letter of the law, but rather on improving the ways in which we administer it.
{"title":"New and not so new strategies in promoting integrity with particular reference to Africa","authors":"B. Rider","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-38-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-38-74","url":null,"abstract":"This article is focused on exploration not merely proposed developments in and refinements of the law and its administration, but the very significant role that financial intelligence can and should play in protecting our societies. It is the contention of the author that the intelligence community at large and in particular financial intelligence units have an important role to play in protecting our economies and ensuring confidence is maintained in our financial institutions and markets. In this article the author considers a number of issues pertinent to the advancement of integrity and in particular the interdiction of corruption to some degree from the perspective of Africa. The potential for Africa as a player in the world economy is enormous. So far, the ambiguous inheritance of rapacious empires and the turmoil of self-dealing elites in post-colonial times has successfully obscured and undermined this potential. Indeed, such has been the mismanagement, selfishness and importuning that many have grave doubts as to the ability of many states to achieve an ordered transition to what they could and should be. South Africa is perhaps the best example of a society that while avoiding the catastrophe that its recent past predicted, remains racked by corruption and mismanagement. That there is the will in many parts of the continent to further stability and security by addressing the cancer of corruption, the reality is that few have remained or been allowed to remain steadfast in their mission and all have been frustrated by political self-interest and lack of resources. The key might be education and inter-generational change as it has been in other parts of the world, but only an optimist would see this coming any time soon – there is too much vested interest inside and outside Africa in keeping things much as they are! The author focuses not so much on attempting to perfect the letter of the law, but rather on improving the ways in which we administer it.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128500378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-23-37
S. Volkov
The author for the first time generalized information on the Russian-Egyptian economic relations since the beginning of the 60th years of the 19th century so far and allocated a number of stages of their development. However, he pays the main attention to the analysis of the current state of bilateral cooperation and long-term projects, which will define the level of development of trade and economic relations in the near future. The largest of them is the project of the NPP “Dabaa”. Four commercial contracts on this project make nearly $60 bln. According to the signed contracts, Rosatom will build till 2029 four VVER-1200 units generation 3+ of the NPP “Dabaa” in the Matrouh region on the Mediterranean coast, as well as supplying nuclear fuel throughout the plant’s entire operational lifetime. In addition, Rosatom will be conduct personnel training and will assist its Egyptian partners in the operation and maintenance of the NPP for the first ten years of its operation. Besides, the Russian side will construct a purpose-built storage and supply containers for storing spent fuel. Life cycle of this project can make 100 years. Presidents of Russia and Egypt Vladimir Putin and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi accepted the decision in principle on implementation of other large project – the Russian industrial zone (RIZ) in Egypt – at a meeting in 2014. During this time, the parties chose the location of a zone, developed the business plan and the master plan of the RIZ taking into account stage-by-stage development of the territory and coordinated conditions of the special intergovernmental agreement on creation of the RIZ. Implementation of this project has to begin in the nearest future. The research showed the high level of complementarity of economies of two countries, which creates strong base of further development of different forms of mutually beneficial economic relations.
{"title":"Russian-Egyptian economic relations: history and mоdernity","authors":"S. Volkov","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-23-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-43-2-23-37","url":null,"abstract":"The author for the first time generalized information on the Russian-Egyptian economic relations since the beginning of the 60th years of the 19th century so far and allocated a number of stages of their development. However, he pays the main attention to the analysis of the current state of bilateral cooperation and long-term projects, which will define the level of development of trade and economic relations in the near future.\u0000The largest of them is the project of the NPP “Dabaa”. Four commercial contracts on this project make nearly $60 bln. According to the signed contracts, Rosatom will build till 2029 four VVER-1200 units generation 3+ of the NPP “Dabaa” in the Matrouh region on the Mediterranean coast, as well as supplying nuclear fuel throughout the plant’s entire operational lifetime. In addition, Rosatom will be conduct personnel training and will assist its Egyptian partners in the operation and maintenance of the NPP for the first ten years of its operation. Besides, the Russian side will construct a purpose-built storage and supply containers for storing spent fuel. Life cycle of this project can make 100 years.\u0000Presidents of Russia and Egypt Vladimir Putin and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi accepted the decision in principle on implementation of other large project – the Russian industrial zone (RIZ) in Egypt – at a meeting in 2014. During this time, the parties chose the location of a zone, developed the business plan and the master plan of the RIZ taking into account stage-by-stage development of the territory and coordinated conditions of the special intergovernmental agreement on creation of the RIZ. Implementation of this project has to begin in the nearest future.\u0000The research showed the high level of complementarity of economies of two countries, which creates strong base of further development of different forms of mutually beneficial economic relations.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125162845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-42-53
A. Pozdnyakova
The article explores the tendencies of foreign policy trends of Uganda after declaration of independence in 1962. Special attention is paid to the contemporary period that has begun since Y.K. Museveni came to power in 1986: the country has become a more active agent in the world and regional politics. Lately, Uganda has been under influence of “soft power” of the Chinese foreign policy as well as of the Indian one. Nowadays, those countries have quite noticeable positions in the Ugandan economy. The country’s elite considers that cooperation with them is more acceptable for Uganda than that with the Western countries since neither China nor India put any pre-conditions in regard to political or legal norms. Besides that, the article exposes the history of Ugandan-Soviet relations and characterizes the development of Ugandan-Russian links at present.
{"title":"Uganda Foreign Policy Trends","authors":"A. Pozdnyakova","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-42-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-42-53","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the tendencies of foreign policy trends of Uganda after declaration of independence in 1962. Special attention is paid to the contemporary period that has begun since Y.K. Museveni came to power in 1986: the country has become a more active agent in the world and regional politics. Lately, Uganda has been under influence of “soft power” of the Chinese foreign policy as well as of the Indian one. Nowadays, those countries have quite noticeable positions in the Ugandan economy. The country’s elite considers that cooperation with them is more acceptable for Uganda than that with the Western countries since neither China nor India put any pre-conditions in regard to political or legal norms. Besides that, the article exposes the history of Ugandan-Soviet relations and characterizes the development of Ugandan-Russian links at present.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125622697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-03-10
A. G. Tkachenko
The report shows the results of the Russian-Ethiopian historic and ethnographic expedition – a joint scientific project of two countries, successfully implemented in the early 1990s. Advanced results achieved by this expedition were much owed to participation of several leading Russian and Ethiopian scientific centers and universities – the Institute for African Studies, the Institute of Asian and African Countries at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Addis Ababa University and Institute for Ethiopian Studies, The Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations, and others. The participants of the expedition gathered and summarized a large body of data acquired during opinion polls, held in the course of the visits to a number of educational, medical, economic and manufacturing centers and organizations, including workshops, agricultural farms, banks, scientific centers. The collected scientific data has allowed, based on multi-factor analysis, to specify the nature of evolutionary processes in communal relations, efficiency of various aspects of federalism policy in a cosmopolitan country. Its value is reflected by applicability and sharp demand for a scientific view on one of the most troubled sides of social and political life of many African countries, and of the modern world. Based on the field research, a high number of articles and monographs have been prepared and published in the Russian Federation. They include “Report on Field Studies of Ethiopia Carried Out by Russian Historical, Ethnic, Sociological, Expedition, 1990–1992”, “Ethiopia: History, Culture and Ethnicity”, “Ethiopia: the Particular Features of Federalism”, “Drama in Modern Ethiopian Literature and Theatre”, “Mission in Ethiopia. African Policy of the USSR in the eyes of the Soviet Diplomat. 1956–1982”, two volumes of “Africa” encyclopedia and others.
{"title":"Russia–Ethiopia: Humanitarian Ties Cooperation in Scientific Research","authors":"A. G. Tkachenko","doi":"10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-03-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-03-10","url":null,"abstract":"The report shows the results of the Russian-Ethiopian historic and ethnographic expedition – a joint scientific project of two countries, successfully implemented in the early 1990s. Advanced results achieved by this expedition were much owed to participation of several leading Russian and Ethiopian scientific centers and universities – the Institute for African Studies, the Institute of Asian and African Countries at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Addis Ababa University and Institute for Ethiopian Studies, The Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations, and others.\u0000The participants of the expedition gathered and summarized a large body of data acquired during opinion polls, held in the course of the visits to a number of educational, medical, economic and manufacturing centers and organizations, including workshops, agricultural farms, banks, scientific centers.\u0000The collected scientific data has allowed, based on multi-factor analysis, to specify the nature of evolutionary processes in communal relations, efficiency of various aspects of federalism policy in a cosmopolitan country. Its value is reflected by applicability and sharp demand for a scientific view on one of the most troubled sides of social and political life of many African countries, and of the modern world.\u0000Based on the field research, a high number of articles and monographs have been prepared and published in the Russian Federation. They include “Report on Field Studies of Ethiopia Carried Out by Russian Historical, Ethnic, Sociological, Expedition, 1990–1992”, “Ethiopia: History, Culture and Ethnicity”, “Ethiopia: the Particular Features of Federalism”, “Drama in Modern Ethiopian Literature and Theatre”, “Mission in Ethiopia. African Policy of the USSR in the eyes of the Soviet Diplomat. 1956–1982”, two volumes of “Africa” encyclopedia and others.","PeriodicalId":286957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute for African Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121783615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.31132/2412-5717-2018-44-3-69-82
N. Ksenofontova, N. Grishina
The article is devoted to the consideration of one of the most important institutions of traditional society – the initiatives that scientists refer to the so-called rites of passage of boys and girls in the age class of men and women. The authors show on numerous examples of different African ethnic groups that initiations are a significant cultural phenomenon as a factor and a way of social and gender identification. Despite the fact that this custom on the continent is observed in some tribes and peoples still, while maintaining its cultural and social significance, it has many opponents not only among feminists, but also representatives of the official authorities and politicians. The article provides statistical data on the spread of this ritual in various countries of modern Africa and analyzes the documents of governments and international organizations designed to combat this archaic phenomenon.
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