Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System最新文献

{"title":"Tatoos and Uveitis","authors":"B. DeBroff","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2019.09.00340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2019.09.00340","url":null,"abstract":"The association of skin tattoos and the latter occurrence of uveitis were first described in 1952. This article reviews the causation, presenting symptoms, physical examination, and work-up, histology, and treatment options. Ophthalmologists need to consider this etiology when patients present with uveits and the public needs to understand the risks associated with skin tattoos.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133071707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical characterization of sub retinalmembranes (SRMs) in proliferative vitreoretinopathy","authors":"H. Alkatan, Mohammed D. Alotaibi, A. Maktabi, D. Edward, I. Kozák","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00270","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To provide immuno histo chemical characterization of sub retinal bands removed during retinal surgery in eyes with proliferative vitreo retinopathy (PVR). Methods: This study included all eyes with the clinical diagnosis of PVR that underwent pars plana vitrectomy surgery during which the subretinal tissue causing retinal detachment was obtained. The subretinal bands were removed “en bloc” through retinotomy using subretinal intraocular forceps. The excised tissue was sent for histopathologic analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to confirm the cellular nature and components of these subretinal membranes. The IHC stains included, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Pancytokeratin, CD3 CD20 CD68 and CD34. Results: Subretinal membranes (SRMs) from 7 eyes were included in the analysis. All cases had successful surgical outcome with reattachment six months after surgery. The microscopic examination of the excised tissue nicely demonstrated the constituents of the SRM as follows: retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells that stained positively with cytokeratin (7/7), avascular plaques of RPE cells showing metaplasia in the form of spindle cells (7/7). Fragments of gliotic GFAP-positive neural retina was adherent to the fibrous plaque (6/7). Bruch’s membrane was identified in one specimen. CD68 positive macrophages were seen in (5/7) being silicon oil- laden macrophages in2/5. Rare CD3 positive cells were also noted in 1 specimen. Conclusion: Subretinal bands in PVR are mainly composed of reactive avascular plaques of RPE metaplasia and macrophage infiltration. The overlying gliotic retina or Bruch’s membrane are likely to be adherent to such plaques and might be inadvertently excised during removal of such membranes. Removal of SRMs is essential for successful reattachment of the retina.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134020842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unusual case of pseudo foster kennedy syndrome","authors":"J. Bhalla, P. Lal","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00269","url":null,"abstract":"We are hereby presenting a case of Pseudo Foster Kennedy syndrome, which is a rare phenomenon in itself because of normal level of inflammatory markers i.e. ESR and CRP levels with positive temporal artery biopsy.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124104259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Multiple Serous Retinal Detachments in Polycythemia Vera Patient","authors":"Oudeh M, Marashi A","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00267","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case with new signs that could be caused by polycythemia vera itself or just a coincidence and managing it with systemic steroids. Methods: This was interventional case report, of a 59-year-old patient with polycythemia vera, presented with acute unilateral vision loss. Ophthalmological investigation revealed multiple serous retinal detachments with mild anterior chamber reaction these signs look similar to ocular signs of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, but in one eye and without systematic involvement of VKH. Polycythemia vera is a haematological disease that causes an increase number of red blood cells. The patient red blood cells were normal and he was compliance with Polycythemia vera treatment. All infectious tests were negative as well as autoimmune disease markers. Unilateral probable VKH disease was our diagnosis, patient was managed. Results: Polycythemia vera is a haematological disease that have a few ocular symptoms. These signs include multiple serous retinal detachments with uveitis that respond well to corticosteroids. Conclusion: Systematic corticosteroids which show a remarkable improvement in ocular signs and symptoms of Polycythemia vera that mimic VKH.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128422494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acanthamoeba Keratitis - A Diagnostic Dilemma: A Case Report","authors":"Praveen Panwar, K. Sharma","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00268","url":null,"abstract":"Acanthi amoeba keratitis presents as diagnostic dilemma as it mimics herpes simpex viral keratitis. It is also a diagnostic challenge due to lack of awareness, difficulty in diagnosis which requires strong clinical suspicion and lack of effective treatment further complicates its management. We report a case of 47years old female with pain, redness and watering having deep stoma ring infiltrates. The strong suspicion based on clinical findings and failure to respond to antiviral therapy prompted us to investigate her further and the diagnosis of acanthi amoeba keratitis was made although there was no history of contact lens wear. Inspite of full diagnostic work up for bacterial, fungal and viral corneal pathogen, the diagnosis of Acanthi amoeba can be easily missed, therefore one must keep the possibility of this rare entity.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"254 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133913275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Management of Retinoblastoma","authors":"N. Khan, S. Khan, A. Khan, Aisha Khan, Atiqa Khan, Sobia Khan","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00266","url":null,"abstract":"This was a retrospective as well as prospective study of fifty (50) cases of retinoblastoma in series during the study period from January 2005 to December 2015, conducted at Liaquat Medical College Eye hospital and Indus Medical College Hospital, Pakistan. The average incidence of retinoblastoma in cases presented in our department was 4.5 cases per year with 0.8 cases per year bilateral and 3.7 cases per year with unilateral involvement respectively. The minimum age in this series was 15 days and maximum age was 8 years, mean age being 3.46 years. Out of these 50 cases, 27(54%) were male and 23(46%) were females. In most of the cases diagnosis was made on clinical grounds and histopathological reports of the biopsy specimens. Other measures like plain X-ray orbit, CT scan, ultrasonography (A and B Scan) and studies of blood chemistry were used where ever needed. Majority of our cases were found to be in a fairly advanced stage (an aplasia grade severe) that is extending beyond the sclera in the orbital tissues. In 4 cases cat’s eye reflex noted. Out of these cases 3 were having involvement of the other eye extensively while in 4th case the other eye was not involved at all. Of the remaining cases 11(22%) were having vitreous seeding, 16(32%) showed extension up to the sclera and 22(44%) extended to involve the orbit. Only one case presented with the involvement of regional lymph nodes. All those cases that underwent modified exonerations were sent to radio isotope center for further management with radiation and/or chemotherapy depending upon the nature of spread. One patient who had the regional lymph nodes involvement, though did not show extra ocular spread in the orbit, underwent chemotherapy following enucleations.2 cases which were diagnosed in very early stage involving the posterior retina behind equator were managed by 60 Cobalt radioactive plaques insertion over the sclera at the site of lesion, left in place till such time as advised by the oncologist of the radio isotope center. A total of 28 enucleations and 19 modified exentrations were carried out. Recurrences were noted in 13 cases, no surgery was done in these cases and they were referred to radio isotope center at Jamshoro, Pakistan for further management with radiation or chemotherapy. In this series no case was found to have distant metastasis anywhere including long bones and other viscera of the body. 12 cases were lost to follow up at different stages of management and 6 of the cases died of unknown cause.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127472556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goldenhar Syndrome","authors":"A. Chauhan, S. Chauhan","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00265","url":null,"abstract":"Goldenhar syndrome is a hereditary condition which is characterized by preauricular appendages, epibulbar dermoids, along with anomalies of the heart, kidney, and vertebral, central nervous and gastrointestinal system. We report a case of Goldenhar syndrome in a 7-years-old male patient who presented with limbal dermoid, pre auricular tag, microtia and mandibular hypoplasia. We AIM to report this case, given the rarity of this syndrome, and classical signs seen in our patient.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134261240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurodegenerative diseases oculomotor manifestations. clinical cases ","authors":"N. Moyseyenko","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00411","url":null,"abstract":"Oculomotor manifestations (nystagmus and diplopia) do not lead to blindness. But the loss of cognitive properties in the background, such as ability recognition and reading, leads to irreparable social consequences. Therefore, improved methods of diagnostic oculomotor disorders will help reveal neurodegenerative disease in earlier stages. Moreover, their correction will prevent undesirable outcomes. Clinical case 1- Partial Parinaue's syndrome, confirmed by MRI revealed multiple small degenerations in the area of the brain bridge (according to the localization indicated by Parinaue's syndrome - in the dorsal - medial part). Clinical case 2- Pronounced vertical-rotational nystagmus of both eyes with greater amplitude in the lead positions. Viral encephalomyelitis. In their form and nature, oculomotor disorders are a good indicator of the topic of damage to deep brain structures such as the trunk and bridge. Therefore, a more thorough study will help diagnose neurodegenerative injury in the early stages, treatment and prevent unwanted social consequences.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114231433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness about retinopathy of prematurity among nurses working at neonatal intensive care unit of nampula central hospital in mozambique, 2021","authors":"Joel Bambamba, ​Carlos Fresno, ​Angela Bambamba, ​Sancho Chivinde, ​Momade Fumo, ​Hermenegildo Tomo, ​Alcino Muaprato, ​Suale Puchar","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00410","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity is a bilateral dysfunction of abnormal retinal vascularization in preterm infants, especially those with very low birth weight. The consequences range from normal vision to blindness. In recent years, the survival rate for the extreme group of patients with prematurity has increased from 8% to 35% in middle-income countries, as well as its early identification of retinal damage and institution of appropriate treatment to prevent blindness and provide children with better overall development. The natural evolution of the disease generates a high social and financial cost for the entire community, since in its more advanced stages it causes severe and irreversible damage to vision, also impairing the entire cognitive and psychomotor development of the affected child. Objective: The aim of the study was to document the awareness about Retinopathy of Prematurity among nurses working at neonatal intensive care unit of Nampula Central Hospital in Mozambique. Methods: A questionnaire was designed on awareness pattern. The questionnaire included questions about nurses education and experience, knowledge of screening guidelines, risk factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity, diagnose and treatment and it was applied to16 nurses working at neonatal intensive care unit of Nampula Central Hospital in Mozambique. It was a self-administered questionnaire, collected in October 2021. Results: The total number of the sample was 16 nurses, 87.5% were female and 12.5% were male. The mean age of study participants was 35.9 ± 7.3 years old. It was observed that the age of respondents shows predominance towards 40 years and above. Regarding the working experience at the neonatal intensive care, 43.75% of participants ranged from 1-4 years. Among the most cited risk factors; indicated professional to perform the eye exam; timing to perform the eye exam and the indicated treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity, the following stand out: Low gestational age (56.25%);Retina Specialist(75.0%); Depends of Gestational Age (56.25%) and Cryotherapy alongside with Laser Photocoagulation and surgery (31.25%). Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that most nurses working in the neonatal Intensive care unit services of Nampula Central Hospital were aware about the prevention, diagnose and treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity. The findings indicate the need for dissemination of information through seminars, workshops and internal educational activities to improve nurses' awareness about the clinical condition.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"25 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113971324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vision therapy on fusional vergences in intermittent exotropia","authors":"Priyanka Kumari, Shua Azam, S. Abbas, Nusrat Waheed, Abdul Hameed Talpur, S. Bukhari","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00408","url":null,"abstract":"Significance: Intermittent exotropia is intermittently manifest squint at distance and latent exophoria at near. Most of the time, the eyes seems to be aligned with normal binocular single vision is maintained because its exodeviation is intermittently controlled by fusional mechanisms. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of vision therapy on fusional vergences in intermittent exotropia. Methods: This hospital-based, Quasi-Experimental study was carried out at the Orthoptics clinic of Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital from August 2020 to July 2021. Non- probability, purposive sampling was used. This study involved the 40 subjects who were diagnosed with Intermittent Exotropia of age ranges 10 to 25 years, of both genders. A detailed history was evaluated. Orthoptics assessment included visual acuity, cover test, near the point of accommodation and convergence at a distance, and near and fusional vergences of positive and negative with prisms were measured. All subjects underwent vision therapies for 2 months. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 40 subjects with a mean age of 16.53±2.96 were included in this study. Out of 40 subjects, 22 subjects were females and 18 subjects were males. Subjects who received dot card therapy and executives bifocals therapy showed a significant change in the angle of deviation at distance and near (P=.001), followed by reduced the near point of convergence (P=.001), and increased the positive fusional vergences at distance and near (P=.001). There was no significant improvement seen in near point of accommodation (P=.16) with both therapies. Negative fusional vergences showed non-significant as (near: P=.14, distance: P=.05) with executives bifocals and (P=.26) with dot cards. Conclusions: This study showed that vision therapies with dot card and executive bifocals therapy have significantly improved the angle of deviation, positive fusional vergences, and near point of convergence in intermittent exotropia subjects.","PeriodicalId":287670,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124979337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}