Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960411
P. Silva, S. Alligné, P. Allenbach, C. Nicolet, B. Kawkabani
In electrical systems, the small-signal stability analysis method is usually applied to synchronous machines by using the Park representation (d, q-components). This paper presents the generalization of a different approach for this method, based on a, b, c phase variables. This approach is essential to software systems using phase variables as state variables and its generalization yields a small-signal stability analysis tool which is fully modular. Two test cases are presented to showcase the application of this approach to elements such as synchronous machines, automatic voltage regulator (AVR), power system stabilizer of type IEEE PSS2B, penstock, Francis turbine and speed regulator.
{"title":"A fully modular tool for small-signal stability analysis of hydroelectric systems","authors":"P. Silva, S. Alligné, P. Allenbach, C. Nicolet, B. Kawkabani","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960411","url":null,"abstract":"In electrical systems, the small-signal stability analysis method is usually applied to synchronous machines by using the Park representation (d, q-components). This paper presents the generalization of a different approach for this method, based on a, b, c phase variables. This approach is essential to software systems using phase variables as state variables and its generalization yields a small-signal stability analysis tool which is fully modular. Two test cases are presented to showcase the application of this approach to elements such as synchronous machines, automatic voltage regulator (AVR), power system stabilizer of type IEEE PSS2B, penstock, Francis turbine and speed regulator.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130928193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960435
R. Romero-Troncoso, D. Morinigo-Sotelo, Ó. Duque-Pérez, R. Osornio-Rios, M. Ibarra-Manzano, A. García-Perez
The fault detection in an induction motor (IM) operated by a variable speed drive (VSD) is an actual industrial need as most of the line-fed machines are replaced by a VSD, due to their improved speed regulation and fast dynamic response. However, undesired harmonics are always present when the IM is fed through a VSD. Under this operating condition, most developed techniques are unable to detect faults in the IM. This paper presents a technique based on the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method, and it is applied to a VSD-fed IM during the startup transient; in order to verify the capability of the method to identify one broken rotor bar. From the experimental results, the proposed method is proven to be sensitive enough to detect one broken rotor bar, enabling a reliable diagnosis under different fundamental supply frequencies and load conditions.
{"title":"Broken rotor bar detection in VSD-fed induction motors at startup by high-resolution spectral analysis","authors":"R. Romero-Troncoso, D. Morinigo-Sotelo, Ó. Duque-Pérez, R. Osornio-Rios, M. Ibarra-Manzano, A. García-Perez","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960435","url":null,"abstract":"The fault detection in an induction motor (IM) operated by a variable speed drive (VSD) is an actual industrial need as most of the line-fed machines are replaced by a VSD, due to their improved speed regulation and fast dynamic response. However, undesired harmonics are always present when the IM is fed through a VSD. Under this operating condition, most developed techniques are unable to detect faults in the IM. This paper presents a technique based on the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method, and it is applied to a VSD-fed IM during the startup transient; in order to verify the capability of the method to identify one broken rotor bar. From the experimental results, the proposed method is proven to be sensitive enough to detect one broken rotor bar, enabling a reliable diagnosis under different fundamental supply frequencies and load conditions.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128180337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960288
M. Tawadros, M. Nagrial, J. Rizk
This paper presents a new approach for sensorless control of brushless dc motors (BLDCM). A linear back emf line is constructed reflecting the rotor displacement angles, from which the commutation instances corresponding to 30° degrees are computed. The approach increases the signal to noise ratio and improves the performance as compared with zero crossing detection point (ZCP) method. Simulation results are presented for a DC brushless drive at various load conditions. It is shown that the virtual effect sensors (VHE) signals follow the same interval as physical Hall effect (PHE) signals.
{"title":"Sensorless control of brushless DC motors using virtual back EMF mapping projection","authors":"M. Tawadros, M. Nagrial, J. Rizk","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960288","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new approach for sensorless control of brushless dc motors (BLDCM). A linear back emf line is constructed reflecting the rotor displacement angles, from which the commutation instances corresponding to 30° degrees are computed. The approach increases the signal to noise ratio and improves the performance as compared with zero crossing detection point (ZCP) method. Simulation results are presented for a DC brushless drive at various load conditions. It is shown that the virtual effect sensors (VHE) signals follow the same interval as physical Hall effect (PHE) signals.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128640052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960178
G. Verez, G. Barakat, Y. Amara, O. Bennouna, G. Hoblos
Flux-Switching machines (FSM) have been gaining attention during the last decade. Their electromagnetic behavior has been extensively studied for various topologies, i.e. U-core and E-core, simple (wound field or PM) and hybrid excitations FSM machines. Even though noise and vibrations of electromagnetic origins can be important drawbacks, depending on the application, only few studies are analyzing these aspects. As a result, this paper aims at understanding the sound power level of U-core flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines whose rotors have different number of poles. The stator of the extensively studied 12/10 stator/rotor pole FSPM machine (12s10rp) serves as a basis for investigating 12s11rp, 12s13rp and 12s14rp configurations. Electromagnetic pressure is calculated from the Maxwell stress tensor where the magnetic flux density is obtained with 2-D finite element analysis (FEA). It then serves as input of a mechanical and acoustical 3-D FEA model of the stator with carter.
{"title":"Impact of pole and slot combination on noise and vibrations of flux-switching PM machines","authors":"G. Verez, G. Barakat, Y. Amara, O. Bennouna, G. Hoblos","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960178","url":null,"abstract":"Flux-Switching machines (FSM) have been gaining attention during the last decade. Their electromagnetic behavior has been extensively studied for various topologies, i.e. U-core and E-core, simple (wound field or PM) and hybrid excitations FSM machines. Even though noise and vibrations of electromagnetic origins can be important drawbacks, depending on the application, only few studies are analyzing these aspects. As a result, this paper aims at understanding the sound power level of U-core flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines whose rotors have different number of poles. The stator of the extensively studied 12/10 stator/rotor pole FSPM machine (12s10rp) serves as a basis for investigating 12s11rp, 12s13rp and 12s14rp configurations. Electromagnetic pressure is calculated from the Maxwell stress tensor where the magnetic flux density is obtained with 2-D finite element analysis (FEA). It then serves as input of a mechanical and acoustical 3-D FEA model of the stator with carter.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127541779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960196
S. Yammine, C. Henaux, M. Fadel, Sébasternais Desharnais, L. Calegari
The paper focuses on the synchronous reluctance machine rotor design. The rotor's shape in this machine should maximize the flux passing in the d axis while minimizing the flux in its q axis. This can be achieved by designing the rotor to respect the natural flow of the flux in the d axis in order to reduce the magnetic resistance while increasing the insulation in the q axis. The proposed design method in this paper is based on determining the analytical equation of the flux lines through a solid rotor. The analytical equation will allow the definition of the optimal curvature of the flux barriers. In a second phase, the width of the flux barriers is determined on the basis of the flux preservation theory in every flux segment. A comparison study using a finite elements simulation will allow us to validate the proposed approach.
{"title":"Synchronous reluctance machine flux barrier design based on the flux line patterns in a solid rotor","authors":"S. Yammine, C. Henaux, M. Fadel, Sébasternais Desharnais, L. Calegari","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960196","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on the synchronous reluctance machine rotor design. The rotor's shape in this machine should maximize the flux passing in the d axis while minimizing the flux in its q axis. This can be achieved by designing the rotor to respect the natural flow of the flux in the d axis in order to reduce the magnetic resistance while increasing the insulation in the q axis. The proposed design method in this paper is based on determining the analytical equation of the flux lines through a solid rotor. The analytical equation will allow the definition of the optimal curvature of the flux barriers. In a second phase, the width of the flux barriers is determined on the basis of the flux preservation theory in every flux segment. A comparison study using a finite elements simulation will allow us to validate the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"35 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114018341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960224
Omar Bottesi, L. Alberti
This paper considers the design of a high efficiency small-size generator for micro-hydroelectric energy production. Different generator designs are compared in order to identify the best solution to be adopted in such installations. Due to the small power rating, the same generator is considered in different installations, with different net heads and water flow. This allows to improve the cost-effectiveness of the system. This is achieved operating the generator at different frequencies in various conditions, being the grid connection achieved by means of an inverter. Therefore, the performance of the designed generators are evaluated considering also operations at different speed.
{"title":"Design of small-size generator for variable speed micro-hydroelectric power plants","authors":"Omar Bottesi, L. Alberti","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960224","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the design of a high efficiency small-size generator for micro-hydroelectric energy production. Different generator designs are compared in order to identify the best solution to be adopted in such installations. Due to the small power rating, the same generator is considered in different installations, with different net heads and water flow. This allows to improve the cost-effectiveness of the system. This is achieved operating the generator at different frequencies in various conditions, being the grid connection achieved by means of an inverter. Therefore, the performance of the designed generators are evaluated considering also operations at different speed.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114444918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960431
S. Tsotoulidis, A. Safacas
In this paper, the impact of Hall sensors misalignment on BLDC motor operational characteristics, i.e. DC bus current, electromagnetic torque and system efficiency, is investigated. A method for identifying and evaluating Hall sensors misplacement is described. The BLDC motor drive system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment software with ideally and misplaced positioned Hall sensors. Typical scenarios regarding Hall sensors angular misplacement have been simulated for the most commonly mounting configurations. The electromagnetic torque spectrum as an indicator for mechanical vibrations and noise generation has been examined. Simulations results indicate that system efficiency is decisively decreased as angular misplacement becomes greater than 30o electrical degrees.
{"title":"Side-effects of Hall sensors misplacement on BLDC motor drive operation","authors":"S. Tsotoulidis, A. Safacas","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960431","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the impact of Hall sensors misalignment on BLDC motor operational characteristics, i.e. DC bus current, electromagnetic torque and system efficiency, is investigated. A method for identifying and evaluating Hall sensors misplacement is described. The BLDC motor drive system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment software with ideally and misplaced positioned Hall sensors. Typical scenarios regarding Hall sensors angular misplacement have been simulated for the most commonly mounting configurations. The electromagnetic torque spectrum as an indicator for mechanical vibrations and noise generation has been examined. Simulations results indicate that system efficiency is decisively decreased as angular misplacement becomes greater than 30o electrical degrees.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126220804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960333
F. Bachheibl, D. Gerling
This paper suggests a possible explanation to the geometry-dependence of core loss by solving Maxwell's equations for the flux distribution inside a magnetic conductor carrying eddy currents. The solution reveals a displacement of flux towards the edges of the magnetic sheet. Core loss with and without the displacement effect are compared for the tooth of a highly excited and high-frequency electric machine. A significant difference from standard calculation methods is obtained.
{"title":"Flux displacement in rectangular iron sheets and geometry-dependent hysteresis loss","authors":"F. Bachheibl, D. Gerling","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960333","url":null,"abstract":"This paper suggests a possible explanation to the geometry-dependence of core loss by solving Maxwell's equations for the flux distribution inside a magnetic conductor carrying eddy currents. The solution reveals a displacement of flux towards the edges of the magnetic sheet. Core loss with and without the displacement effect are compared for the tooth of a highly excited and high-frequency electric machine. A significant difference from standard calculation methods is obtained.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126356538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960413
A. Khan, M. A. Khan, P. Barendse
This paper presents the basic principle of a laboratory based weak grid emulator in order to describe the effects of load variation at the point of common coupling (PCC). The impact of these effects is significant and for that a voltage regulation feature has been added to maintain the voltage at the load connection. Design and performance are investigated by introducing unbalanced voltage conditions to test the system's behavior. In case of unbalance, power is injected from the DC link to regulate the voltage at the converter output connected to either passive or an active load. The system has a rating of 1 kW and can handle an output voltage of 50-150% of the nominal voltage peak. A space vector voltage oriented control (VOC) technique is implemented on the converters and the PI controller gains are tuned accordingly. National Instruments (NI) PXI controller is used for the hardware implementation. Voltage unbalance is generated and controlled with the help of dual vector sequence extraction technique.
{"title":"Effects of load variation on a weak grid under unbalanced voltage conditions","authors":"A. Khan, M. A. Khan, P. Barendse","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960413","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the basic principle of a laboratory based weak grid emulator in order to describe the effects of load variation at the point of common coupling (PCC). The impact of these effects is significant and for that a voltage regulation feature has been added to maintain the voltage at the load connection. Design and performance are investigated by introducing unbalanced voltage conditions to test the system's behavior. In case of unbalance, power is injected from the DC link to regulate the voltage at the converter output connected to either passive or an active load. The system has a rating of 1 kW and can handle an output voltage of 50-150% of the nominal voltage peak. A space vector voltage oriented control (VOC) technique is implemented on the converters and the PI controller gains are tuned accordingly. National Instruments (NI) PXI controller is used for the hardware implementation. Voltage unbalance is generated and controlled with the help of dual vector sequence extraction technique.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126286252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960438
D. A. Asfani, H. Z. Mubarok, Arif Musthofa, I. M. Yulistya Negara
On-line monitoring system is one of the solutions to avoid catastrophic failure in machine, including induction motor. The most common fault in induction motor is stator winding failures that initiated by inter-turn short circuit. In this paper, induction motor monitoring and fault detection system is proposed based on microcontroller which is displayed on computer monitor. Several measurement variables are displayed in on-line monitoring interface such as voltage, current, speed, and stator temperature. Moreover, the diagnostic system is developed to detect inter-turn short circuit. Based on the testing result, the proposed system is successfully to detect one-turn short circuit fault or less than one percent of stator winding.
{"title":"Design on-line monitoring and sensitive fault detection for three phase induction motor","authors":"D. A. Asfani, H. Z. Mubarok, Arif Musthofa, I. M. Yulistya Negara","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960438","url":null,"abstract":"On-line monitoring system is one of the solutions to avoid catastrophic failure in machine, including induction motor. The most common fault in induction motor is stator winding failures that initiated by inter-turn short circuit. In this paper, induction motor monitoring and fault detection system is proposed based on microcontroller which is displayed on computer monitor. Several measurement variables are displayed in on-line monitoring interface such as voltage, current, speed, and stator temperature. Moreover, the diagnostic system is developed to detect inter-turn short circuit. Based on the testing result, the proposed system is successfully to detect one-turn short circuit fault or less than one percent of stator winding.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"38 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114045082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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