Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507096
Jagath Sri Lal Senanayaka, H. Van Khang, K. Robbersmyr
Electric powertrains are widely used in automotive and renewable energy industries. Reliable diagnosis for defects in the critical components such as bearings, gears and stator windings, is important to prevent failures and enhance the system reliability and power availability. Most of existing fault diagnosis methods are based on specific characteristic frequencies to single faults at constant speed operations. Once multiple faults occur in the system, such a method may not detect the faults effectively and may give false alarms. Furthermore, variable speed operations render a challenge of analysing nonstationary signals. In this work, a deep learning-based fault diagnosis method is proposed to detect common faults in the electric powertrains. The proposed method is based on pattern recognition using convolutional neural network to detect effectively not only single faults at constant speed but also multiple faults in variable speed operations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated via an in-house experimental setup.
{"title":"Multiple Fault Diagnosis of Electric Powertrains Under Variable Speeds Using Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"Jagath Sri Lal Senanayaka, H. Van Khang, K. Robbersmyr","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507096","url":null,"abstract":"Electric powertrains are widely used in automotive and renewable energy industries. Reliable diagnosis for defects in the critical components such as bearings, gears and stator windings, is important to prevent failures and enhance the system reliability and power availability. Most of existing fault diagnosis methods are based on specific characteristic frequencies to single faults at constant speed operations. Once multiple faults occur in the system, such a method may not detect the faults effectively and may give false alarms. Furthermore, variable speed operations render a challenge of analysing nonstationary signals. In this work, a deep learning-based fault diagnosis method is proposed to detect common faults in the electric powertrains. The proposed method is based on pattern recognition using convolutional neural network to detect effectively not only single faults at constant speed but also multiple faults in variable speed operations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated via an in-house experimental setup.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133964640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507011
Qian Xun, Yujing Liu
Conventional brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) drive involves a voltage-source inverter with six-step squarewave control, which can be widely used in automated industrial applications. However, high torque ripple due to different current slew rates during the commutation interval would significantly reduce the performance in the high-precision area. To tackle this problem, the paper proposes a novel strategy to reduce the commutation torque-ripple by using a quasi-Z-source inverter. In which, an impedance network is implemented between the power supply and the voltage-source inverter. This could make the equivalent DC-link voltage boosted during the commutation interval to compensate the current dip of commutation phase, and keep incoming and outgoing phase current changing at the same rate. In Matlab/Simulink environment, proposed scheme is developed and simulated. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated, the torque ripple can be greatly reduced and with the increased average torque.
{"title":"Commutation Torque-ripple Minimization for Brushless DC Motor Based on Quasi-Z-Source Inverter","authors":"Qian Xun, Yujing Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507011","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) drive involves a voltage-source inverter with six-step squarewave control, which can be widely used in automated industrial applications. However, high torque ripple due to different current slew rates during the commutation interval would significantly reduce the performance in the high-precision area. To tackle this problem, the paper proposes a novel strategy to reduce the commutation torque-ripple by using a quasi-Z-source inverter. In which, an impedance network is implemented between the power supply and the voltage-source inverter. This could make the equivalent DC-link voltage boosted during the commutation interval to compensate the current dip of commutation phase, and keep incoming and outgoing phase current changing at the same rate. In Matlab/Simulink environment, proposed scheme is developed and simulated. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated, the torque ripple can be greatly reduced and with the increased average torque.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132607729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507050
N. Soda, M. Enokizono
This paper presents relation between stator core shape and torque ripple for a surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) motor. An SPM motor with different stator core shapes is analyzed to clarify the influence of tooth width on torque ripple. In order to consider detailed magnetic properties of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet used for a stator core, a motor is analyzed by using 2-D finite element method which introduced an E&S (Enokizono & Soda) model. Furthermore, torque ripple reduction is attempted by chamfering the corner of tooth-tips. As a result, it is shown that tooth-end width and tooth-tip shape are very important for not only torque increase but torque ripple reduction.
{"title":"Relation Between Stator Core Shape and Torque Ripple for SPM Motor","authors":"N. Soda, M. Enokizono","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507050","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents relation between stator core shape and torque ripple for a surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) motor. An SPM motor with different stator core shapes is analyzed to clarify the influence of tooth width on torque ripple. In order to consider detailed magnetic properties of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet used for a stator core, a motor is analyzed by using 2-D finite element method which introduced an E&S (Enokizono & Soda) model. Furthermore, torque ripple reduction is attempted by chamfering the corner of tooth-tips. As a result, it is shown that tooth-end width and tooth-tip shape are very important for not only torque increase but torque ripple reduction.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130795242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507008
V. Fireteanu, Alexandru-Ionel Constantin, M. Popa
Based on finite element analysis in time domain of a squirrel cage induction motor, this paper studies the influence of the three faults - stator short-circuit, broken rotor bar and static eccentricity, on the mean values and on the harmonics of motor torque and unbalanced rotor force. Results for healthy motor operation and for seven faulty cases, with single, double and triple faults, are evaluated and compared. The influence of the broken bar fault on the motor torque, single or in combination with the short-circuit fault or/and with the eccentricity, is much more important than the influence of the other two faults. Related to the rotor unbalanced force, all faulty cases are characterized by important or very important increase of this force compared with the healthy case.
{"title":"Influence of Single or Multiple Faults Short-circuit, Broken Rotor Bar and Eccentricity on the Torque and Rotor Force in Induction Motors","authors":"V. Fireteanu, Alexandru-Ionel Constantin, M. Popa","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507008","url":null,"abstract":"Based on finite element analysis in time domain of a squirrel cage induction motor, this paper studies the influence of the three faults - stator short-circuit, broken rotor bar and static eccentricity, on the mean values and on the harmonics of motor torque and unbalanced rotor force. Results for healthy motor operation and for seven faulty cases, with single, double and triple faults, are evaluated and compared. The influence of the broken bar fault on the motor torque, single or in combination with the short-circuit fault or/and with the eccentricity, is much more important than the influence of the other two faults. Related to the rotor unbalanced force, all faulty cases are characterized by important or very important increase of this force compared with the healthy case.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130827705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507170
V. Madonna, P. Giangrande, A. Walker, M. Galea
High performance and reliable electrical machines are often required in modern applications and an appropriate thermal management allows to fulfil such demand. Thermal management is crucial for improving performance, reducing size and preserving the insulation lifetime of electrical machines. From this prospective, a novel cooling method for machine end-windings is proposed in the present work. Its cooling action focuses on the end-windings, since they are commonly identified as the machine hot-spot. The effectiveness of the proposed cooling method is experimentally proved and the improvement, in terms of current density, for a given wire insulation thermal class, is quantified. A previously designed permanent magnet synchronous machine, implementing a traditional housing water jacket, is used as a case study. The influence of the improved current density on machine torque density is investigated, through finite element simulations, when the proposed cooling method is integrated to the existing housing water jacket.
{"title":"On the Effects of Advanced End-Winding Cooling on the Design and Performance of Electrical Machines","authors":"V. Madonna, P. Giangrande, A. Walker, M. Galea","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507170","url":null,"abstract":"High performance and reliable electrical machines are often required in modern applications and an appropriate thermal management allows to fulfil such demand. Thermal management is crucial for improving performance, reducing size and preserving the insulation lifetime of electrical machines. From this prospective, a novel cooling method for machine end-windings is proposed in the present work. Its cooling action focuses on the end-windings, since they are commonly identified as the machine hot-spot. The effectiveness of the proposed cooling method is experimentally proved and the improvement, in terms of current density, for a given wire insulation thermal class, is quantified. A previously designed permanent magnet synchronous machine, implementing a traditional housing water jacket, is used as a case study. The influence of the improved current density on machine torque density is investigated, through finite element simulations, when the proposed cooling method is integrated to the existing housing water jacket.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133464419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506909
A. Sarigiannidis, F. Karamountzou, A. Kladas
This paper proposes a discrete Model Predictive Torque Control (MPTC) methodology, utilizing low torque ripple for Interior Permanent Magnet Motor (IPMM). The proposed controller utilizes a non-linear accurate discrete IPMM model, as well as a convenient cost function, in order to achieve optimal tracking control over wide speed range. More specifically, Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) and Field Weakening (FW) operating principles are imposed via particular terms in the cost function. Typically, the switching principle of MPC in voltage-source inverter causes significant torque ripple. The designed MPTC forces the produced electromagnetic torque to remain within certain tolerance bands, through a specific constraint. The developed IPMM control technique is evaluated and compared with relevant MPTC approach without torque ripple limitation, under both steady state and dynamic operating conditions. The obtained results verify the superiority of MPTC in terms of robustness and dynamic behavior, as well as its effectiveness in reducing the IPMM torque ripple.
{"title":"Model Predictive Torque Control with low Torque Ripple for Interior PM Motor Variable Speed Drives","authors":"A. Sarigiannidis, F. Karamountzou, A. Kladas","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506909","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a discrete Model Predictive Torque Control (MPTC) methodology, utilizing low torque ripple for Interior Permanent Magnet Motor (IPMM). The proposed controller utilizes a non-linear accurate discrete IPMM model, as well as a convenient cost function, in order to achieve optimal tracking control over wide speed range. More specifically, Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) and Field Weakening (FW) operating principles are imposed via particular terms in the cost function. Typically, the switching principle of MPC in voltage-source inverter causes significant torque ripple. The designed MPTC forces the produced electromagnetic torque to remain within certain tolerance bands, through a specific constraint. The developed IPMM control technique is evaluated and compared with relevant MPTC approach without torque ripple limitation, under both steady state and dynamic operating conditions. The obtained results verify the superiority of MPTC in terms of robustness and dynamic behavior, as well as its effectiveness in reducing the IPMM torque ripple.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133473884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506806
A. B. Asaf Ali, D. Casado-Valdes
The electrical machine is subjected to different parasitic effects. In this paper, two parasitic effects; torque ripple and vibrations as well as the interdependence between them are discussed. It is almost impossible to have an ideal electrical machine which has constant torque or zero vibrations. The radial and tangential flux densities distribution in space and time and modulation of the different permeances on radial and tangential flux density distributions are responsible for vibrations and torque ripple in electrical machines. In general, both the parasitic effects are denoted from which reference part (stator or rotor) they are considered. This is because both are generated from the same sources (the resultant flux density). When the parasitic effect on torque is influenced then the vibration of the electrical machine is also influenced. Both the parasitic effects are systematically approached for the electrical excited synchronous machine as used in industry applications. Finally, in this study, the response analysis is performed to determine the gap between the parasitic torque and vibrations. It is shown that the large electrical machine with higher number of poles does have the vibration with 4-node mode.
{"title":"Symbiosis Between Torque Ripple and Vibrations of Large Electrically Excited Synchronous Motor","authors":"A. B. Asaf Ali, D. Casado-Valdes","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506806","url":null,"abstract":"The electrical machine is subjected to different parasitic effects. In this paper, two parasitic effects; torque ripple and vibrations as well as the interdependence between them are discussed. It is almost impossible to have an ideal electrical machine which has constant torque or zero vibrations. The radial and tangential flux densities distribution in space and time and modulation of the different permeances on radial and tangential flux density distributions are responsible for vibrations and torque ripple in electrical machines. In general, both the parasitic effects are denoted from which reference part (stator or rotor) they are considered. This is because both are generated from the same sources (the resultant flux density). When the parasitic effect on torque is influenced then the vibration of the electrical machine is also influenced. Both the parasitic effects are systematically approached for the electrical excited synchronous machine as used in industry applications. Finally, in this study, the response analysis is performed to determine the gap between the parasitic torque and vibrations. It is shown that the large electrical machine with higher number of poles does have the vibration with 4-node mode.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133682297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507256
W. Ghoneim, A. Hebala, H. Ashour
This paper is committed to build a comprehensive understanding of the different design possibilities, working closely with inner-rotor, radial-flux, permanent magnet synchronous generator (RF-PMSG). Design parameters, such as steel grade, segmenting and over-hanging PM, air-cored rotor and skewing angles are all taken into consideration. A detailed parametric analysis - based on Finite-Element-Method (FEM) software - is carried out in order to study different scenarios of PMSG designs. Accordingly, the FEM method is used to evaluate and quantify the variation of the flux density, output power, cogging torque, and power density for different design variations. The aim as well is to develop an enhanced performance at reduced material and manufacturing costs. The results showed a promising modified PMSG design, where both the shape of PM and the structure of its stator and rotor are changed.
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Parameters Affecting the Performance of Radial Flux Low-Speed PMSG","authors":"W. Ghoneim, A. Hebala, H. Ashour","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507256","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is committed to build a comprehensive understanding of the different design possibilities, working closely with inner-rotor, radial-flux, permanent magnet synchronous generator (RF-PMSG). Design parameters, such as steel grade, segmenting and over-hanging PM, air-cored rotor and skewing angles are all taken into consideration. A detailed parametric analysis - based on Finite-Element-Method (FEM) software - is carried out in order to study different scenarios of PMSG designs. Accordingly, the FEM method is used to evaluate and quantify the variation of the flux density, output power, cogging torque, and power density for different design variations. The aim as well is to develop an enhanced performance at reduced material and manufacturing costs. The results showed a promising modified PMSG design, where both the shape of PM and the structure of its stator and rotor are changed.","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134482579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/icelmach.2018.8506955
{"title":"Thermal management of non-conventional Electrical machines","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/icelmach.2018.8506955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icelmach.2018.8506955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131312544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/icelmach.2018.8507244
{"title":"The electric platform as a means for green shipping","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/icelmach.2018.8507244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icelmach.2018.8507244","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292261,"journal":{"name":"2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115684499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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