Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the Enhancement mechanism of small and medium scale enterprise for valuable administration of account receivable and inventory management in cross river state Nigeria. Methodology: Two research questions and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey research design was used in carrying out this study, with total population of 437 registered SMES. The sample size of two hundred and ten (210) Small and Medium Enterprises was drawn for the study using Taro Yamen formulae .the sample which is made up of One hundred and fifty six (156) Small Scale Enterprises and fifty four (54) Medium Scale Enterprises in Cross River State were composed using multi-stage sampling. Questionnaire for enhancement of SMES of account receivable and inventory management (QEMOSMEOARI) was used. The questionnaire was validated by 3 lecturers: 2 from Department of Business Education and 1 from Department of science education. The reliability coefficient was 0.902 and 0.79 and with overall reliability coefficient of 0.891 was obtained through cronbach alpha method. Mean was used to answer the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using t – test statistic at 0.05 level of significance. Findings: The results indicated that the SME needed more enhancements on her accounts receivable and inventory management; SMEs There is no significant difference between the mean responses of small scale enterprises and medium scale enterprises on the Enhancement mechanism of accounts receivable and inventory in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Cross River State. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Some recommendations were made to help facilitate the enhancement mechanism of smes. These include; the Business education students should be taught innovative and relevant skill on accounts receivables and inventory management to enable them stand the better chance of succeeding in their business. Recommendation was made that business education students should be taught relevant innovative and skills on account receivable and inventory management
{"title":"Enhancement Mechanism of Small and Medium Scale Enterprise for Valuable Administration of Account Receivable and Inventory Management in Cross River State Nigeria","authors":"Clement Afo Odey, S. Joshua, Moses George Etoma","doi":"10.47941/jepm.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.1238","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the Enhancement mechanism of small and medium scale enterprise for valuable administration of account receivable and inventory management in cross river state Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: Two research questions and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey research design was used in carrying out this study, with total population of 437 registered SMES. The sample size of two hundred and ten (210) Small and Medium Enterprises was drawn for the study using Taro Yamen formulae .the sample which is made up of One hundred and fifty six (156) Small Scale Enterprises and fifty four (54) Medium Scale Enterprises in Cross River State were composed using multi-stage sampling. Questionnaire for enhancement of SMES of account receivable and inventory management (QEMOSMEOARI) was used. The questionnaire was validated by 3 lecturers: 2 from Department of Business Education and 1 from Department of science education. The reliability coefficient was 0.902 and 0.79 and with overall reliability coefficient of 0.891 was obtained through cronbach alpha method. Mean was used to answer the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using t – test statistic at 0.05 level of significance. \u0000Findings: The results indicated that the SME needed more enhancements on her accounts receivable and inventory management; SMEs There is no significant difference between the mean responses of small scale enterprises and medium scale enterprises on the Enhancement mechanism of accounts receivable and inventory in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Cross River State. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Some recommendations were made to help facilitate the enhancement mechanism of smes. These include; the Business education students should be taught innovative and relevant skill on accounts receivables and inventory management to enable them stand the better chance of succeeding in their business. Recommendation was made that business education students should be taught relevant innovative and skills on account receivable and inventory management","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132321319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: According to the Egyptian Start-up Ecosystem Report (ITIDA, 2021), Egypt has one of the foremost start-up ecosystems on Africa, both in terms of levels of start-up activity and inward investments. Yet the county lags in terms of women’s participation in founding start-ups. According to the latest Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report for Egypt, the entrepreneurial activity rate for women was 5.7%, while that of Egyptian men was 16.7%, despite women’s positive attitudes towards entrepreneurship. Methodology: The current research has an exploratory nature and aims at analysing entrepreneurship ecosystem in Egypt through a gender lens to highlight the factors that are hindering Egyptian women from exploiting the different elements of the ecosystem. To achieve this, it adopts the exploratory research approach combining semi-structured interviews with ten women entrepreneurs chosen using expert sampling and an online survey distributed via Egyptian entrepreneurs’ online communities. Findings: Analysis shows that Egyptian women entrepreneurs do not believe that the ecosystem discriminates against them, but there are some practices that are gender-insensitive which poses challenges to women hence impact their presence and activities within the ecosystem. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The results add to the literature of both entrepreneurship ecosystem and women entrepreneurship in Egypt and it provides practical implications to leverage Egyptian women participation in entrepreneurship.
{"title":"Assessing the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Egypt through a Gender Lens","authors":"H. Hattab","doi":"10.47941/jepm.1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.1174","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: According to the Egyptian Start-up Ecosystem Report (ITIDA, 2021), Egypt has one of the foremost start-up ecosystems on Africa, both in terms of levels of start-up activity and inward investments. Yet the county lags in terms of women’s participation in founding start-ups. According to the latest Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report for Egypt, the entrepreneurial activity rate for women was 5.7%, while that of Egyptian men was 16.7%, despite women’s positive attitudes towards entrepreneurship. \u0000Methodology: The current research has an exploratory nature and aims at analysing entrepreneurship ecosystem in Egypt through a gender lens to highlight the factors that are hindering Egyptian women from exploiting the different elements of the ecosystem. To achieve this, it adopts the exploratory research approach combining semi-structured interviews with ten women entrepreneurs chosen using expert sampling and an online survey distributed via Egyptian entrepreneurs’ online communities. \u0000Findings: Analysis shows that Egyptian women entrepreneurs do not believe that the ecosystem discriminates against them, but there are some practices that are gender-insensitive which poses challenges to women hence impact their presence and activities within the ecosystem. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The results add to the literature of both entrepreneurship ecosystem and women entrepreneurship in Egypt and it provides practical implications to leverage Egyptian women participation in entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131323749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The research examined the techniques used for accountability at Edmund Rice Foundation Australia Kenya (ARFA-K), in Lang’ata, Nairobi County Kenya. The study sought to establish if M&E system promotes accountability in education to management or performance. Therefore, to expound on the practicability of M&E process in management accountability especially at ERFA-K. Methodology: The research employed mixed research method. The theory of change and empowerment theory in this study conceivably showed the application of M&E in promoting accountability in education. The study adopted descriptive research method. This research adopted the descriptive survey design approach since it involved collecting primary data to test or answer questions concerning the current status of the subject under study. The confidence level in this research was 95% with confidence interval of 9.32 from the populations of 141 at ERFA-K with sample size of 120 participants. Purposive sampling was used to select the 120 respondents that comprise of 4 Directors, 6 Managers, 11 Project Managers, 4 Accountants, 78 Subordinates (lower employees), and 38 Volunteers (non-staff workers). The 141 of 120 computed to 85% for the researcher objective population through separated testing, which was identical to an example size of 120 participants. The research tools for the study were interview guide, structured questionnaires and observation check list. Qualitative data was analyzed and presented in a prose form while quantitative data was analyzed by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and presented in tables, pie chart and bar graphs. Findings: The study revealed that there was no accountability in the organization and it affected the implementation of activities appropriately. Majority 69.7% reported that the tools and techniques had challenges to use hence making organization to outsource experts. Lack of stakeholders’ involvement as result of failing to develop a sector that purely deals with M&E system such as M&E plans, indicators and tools hence lowering accountability and misappropriation of resources. Unique contributions to theory, practice and policy: The study concluded that application of M&E for education and accountability greatly affected the organization in the utilization of budgeted resources well which led to merging of projects since there were no funds. The study recommended that ERFA-K projects must clearly involve stakeholders adequately in M&E activities in all levels to enhance application of M&E system for accountability
目的:本研究审查了位于肯尼亚内罗毕县朗阿塔的埃德蒙·赖斯澳大利亚肯尼亚基金会(ARFA-K)用于问责制的技术。这项研究旨在确定教育与评估制度是否促进了教育对管理或绩效的问责制。因此，阐述了管理问责制中绩效评估过程的实用性，特别是在ERFA-K。研究方法:本研究采用混合研究方法。本研究中的变革理论和授权理论，令人信服地展示了M&E在促进教育问责制方面的应用。本研究采用描述性研究方法。本研究采用描述性调查设计方法，因为它涉及收集原始数据来测试或回答有关被研究对象的现状的问题。本研究的置信水平为95%，置信区间为9.32，来自ERFA-K的141个人群，样本量为120名参与者。有目的的抽样选择了120名受访者，其中包括4名董事，6名经理，11名项目经理，4名会计师，78名下属(低级员工)和38名志愿者(非工作人员)。通过分离测试，120人中的141人计算为研究人员目标人群的85%，这与120名参与者的样本大小相同。本研究的研究工具为访谈指南、结构化问卷和观察检查表。定性数据分析以散文形式呈现，定量数据分析使用SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences)第26版，以表格、饼图和条形图的形式呈现。研究发现:该组织没有问责制，影响了活动的适当实施。大多数69.7%的人报告说，工具和技术在使用上有挑战，因此使组织外包专家。缺乏利益相关者的参与，因为没有发展一个纯粹处理M&E系统的部门，如M&E计划、指标和工具，从而降低了问责制和挪用资源。对理论、实践和政策的独特贡献:该研究得出结论，在教育和问责制方面应用M&E极大地影响了组织对预算资源的利用，导致项目合并，因为没有资金。研究建议ERFA-K项目必须明确地让利益相关者充分参与各级的评估活动，以加强评估制度的应用
{"title":"MONITORING AND EVALUATION FOR EDUCATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN EDMUND RICE FOUNDATION AUSTRALIA NAIROBI COUNTY","authors":"Patrick Matara, Felistus Mwikali, Mary Mutisya","doi":"10.47941/jepm.1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.1032","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The research examined the techniques used for accountability at Edmund Rice Foundation Australia Kenya (ARFA-K), in Lang’ata, Nairobi County Kenya. The study sought to establish if M&E system promotes accountability in education to management or performance. Therefore, to expound on the practicability of M&E process in management accountability especially at ERFA-K. \u0000Methodology: The research employed mixed research method. The theory of change and empowerment theory in this study conceivably showed the application of M&E in promoting accountability in education. The study adopted descriptive research method. This research adopted the descriptive survey design approach since it involved collecting primary data to test or answer questions concerning the current status of the subject under study. The confidence level in this research was 95% with confidence interval of 9.32 from the populations of 141 at ERFA-K with sample size of 120 participants. Purposive sampling was used to select the 120 respondents that comprise of 4 Directors, 6 Managers, 11 Project Managers, 4 Accountants, 78 Subordinates (lower employees), and 38 Volunteers (non-staff workers). The 141 of 120 computed to 85% for the researcher objective population through separated testing, which was identical to an example size of 120 participants. The research tools for the study were interview guide, structured questionnaires and observation check list. Qualitative data was analyzed and presented in a prose form while quantitative data was analyzed by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and presented in tables, pie chart and bar graphs. \u0000Findings: The study revealed that there was no accountability in the organization and it affected the implementation of activities appropriately. Majority 69.7% reported that the tools and techniques had challenges to use hence making organization to outsource experts. Lack of stakeholders’ involvement as result of failing to develop a sector that purely deals with M&E system such as M&E plans, indicators and tools hence lowering accountability and misappropriation of resources. \u0000Unique contributions to theory, practice and policy: The study concluded that application of M&E for education and accountability greatly affected the organization in the utilization of budgeted resources well which led to merging of projects since there were no funds. The study recommended that ERFA-K projects must clearly involve stakeholders adequately in M&E activities in all levels to enhance application of M&E system for accountability","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132236258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Instability of buildings is a global phenomenon that results in loss of lives, wasted infrastructure and injuries. Most of the existing literature has concentrated on technical causes of instability of buildings and recommended technical solutions that have not been successful in taming the problem. The purpose of this study was to examine non-technical secondary causes that lead to instability of buildings in Kasarani Sub-county, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study specifically sought to address the following objectives: To determine the influence of social facets on stability of multistorey buildings; To examine the influence of economic facets on stability of multistorey buildings; To determine the influence of environmental facets on stability of multistorey buildings; To examine the influence of political facets on stability of multistorey buildings. Methodology: The study adopted the Joint Committee’s Structural Reliability Theory and Robert Giacalone’s with Mark Promislo’s Ethical Impact Theory to guide it. The study used survey research design with the target population being 7,373 participants from Kasarani sub-county. The sample size was 365 respondents which was determined from Krejicie and Morgan’s formula and it included 262 developers, 87 contractors and 16 building professionals. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect quantitative data. Validity of the instrument that is concerned with whether the instrument measures what it is supposed to measure was achieved through use of content validity which draws an inference from test scores to a large domain of items similar to the ones in the test. Reliability of the instrument which is concerned with whether the results are consistent was achieved through conducting a pilot study and checked by use of the Cronbach Alpha’s reliability coefficient. The independent variable was secondary facets while the dependent variable was stability of multistorey buildings. The intervening variable was enforcement of bylaws. Results: All the secondary facets (social, economic, environmental and political) were found to be statistically significant having a p-value less than 0.05 and F = 13.846, which is more than F Critical of 3.09. The study yielded a regression model of Y = 1.053 + 0.174X1 + 0.166X2 + 0.200X3. The study found that secondary facets play a significant role in stability of multistorey buildings including social, economic, environmental and political ones. Addressing these and other secondary facets could go a long way in addressing the menace of building collapses. Policy recommendation: It is recommended that the various stakeholders in the construction industry address each of the secondary facets as indicated in the report.
{"title":"SECONDARY FACETS ON STABILITY OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS IN KASARANI SUB-COUNTY, NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA","authors":"Silas Njeru Ngari, Felistus Mwikali, Sabas Kimani","doi":"10.47941/jepm.930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.930","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Instability of buildings is a global phenomenon that results in loss of lives, wasted infrastructure and injuries. Most of the existing literature has concentrated on technical causes of instability of buildings and recommended technical solutions that have not been successful in taming the problem. The purpose of this study was to examine non-technical secondary causes that lead to instability of buildings in Kasarani Sub-county, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study specifically sought to address the following objectives: To determine the influence of social facets on stability of multistorey buildings; To examine the influence of economic facets on stability of multistorey buildings; To determine the influence of environmental facets on stability of multistorey buildings; To examine the influence of political facets on stability of multistorey buildings. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted the Joint Committee’s Structural Reliability Theory and Robert Giacalone’s with Mark Promislo’s Ethical Impact Theory to guide it. The study used survey research design with the target population being 7,373 participants from Kasarani sub-county. The sample size was 365 respondents which was determined from Krejicie and Morgan’s formula and it included 262 developers, 87 contractors and 16 building professionals. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect quantitative data. Validity of the instrument that is concerned with whether the instrument measures what it is supposed to measure was achieved through use of content validity which draws an inference from test scores to a large domain of items similar to the ones in the test. Reliability of the instrument which is concerned with whether the results are consistent was achieved through conducting a pilot study and checked by use of the Cronbach Alpha’s reliability coefficient. The independent variable was secondary facets while the dependent variable was stability of multistorey buildings. The intervening variable was enforcement of bylaws. \u0000Results: All the secondary facets (social, economic, environmental and political) were found to be statistically significant having a p-value less than 0.05 and F = 13.846, which is more than F Critical of 3.09. The study yielded a regression model of Y = 1.053 + 0.174X1 + 0.166X2 + 0.200X3. The study found that secondary facets play a significant role in stability of multistorey buildings including social, economic, environmental and political ones. Addressing these and other secondary facets could go a long way in addressing the menace of building collapses. \u0000Policy recommendation: It is recommended that the various stakeholders in the construction industry address each of the secondary facets as indicated in the report.","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125537871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mainly motivated by the need to improve the success rate of fundraising campaigns on crowdfunding platforms, this article aims to identify the key success factors of crowdfunding operations initiated by Cameroonian entrepreneurs. Within this framework, an empirical study was carried out on 50 project leaders operating in various sectors of activity and having conducted funding campaigns between 2017 and 2020. This sample, selected using the reasoned choice method combined with the snowball technique, was analysed using appropriate statistical tests. In this context, the first step was to test the relationship of dependence or independence between the success of a campaign and its socio-demographic characteristics through a descriptive analysis. Based on this step, the variables deemed significant were included in a proven model via binary logistic regression, which made it possible to highlight characteristics specific to projects and entrepreneurs whose fundraising campaigns were successful. Following this approach, the results obtained show that the level of education, the length of professional experience, the size of the share capital and the contribution of professional investors are positively and significantly associated with the success of a crowdfunding operation in Cameroon. These results reinforce the theory in the sense that they teach us that certain indicators related to the project holders as well as the project itself can constitute positive signals for the target audience. Therefore, these entrepreneurs need to optimise on these characteristics in order to maximise the probability of success of their fundraising campaigns.
{"title":"KEY SUCCESS FACTORS FOR CROWDFUNDING OPERATIONS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PROJECT HOLDERS","authors":"Élisée Emmanuel KOUAM TATCHEMO, Clodiane Léa Nongni, Boris Noé MANHOULI DANMOU, Leslie Woukeng","doi":"10.47941/jepm.903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.903","url":null,"abstract":"Mainly motivated by the need to improve the success rate of fundraising campaigns on crowdfunding platforms, this article aims to identify the key success factors of crowdfunding operations initiated by Cameroonian entrepreneurs. Within this framework, an empirical study was carried out on 50 project leaders operating in various sectors of activity and having conducted funding campaigns between 2017 and 2020. This sample, selected using the reasoned choice method combined with the snowball technique, was analysed using appropriate statistical tests. In this context, the first step was to test the relationship of dependence or independence between the success of a campaign and its socio-demographic characteristics through a descriptive analysis. Based on this step, the variables deemed significant were included in a proven model via binary logistic regression, which made it possible to highlight characteristics specific to projects and entrepreneurs whose fundraising campaigns were successful. Following this approach, the results obtained show that the level of education, the length of professional experience, the size of the share capital and the contribution of professional investors are positively and significantly associated with the success of a crowdfunding operation in Cameroon. These results reinforce the theory in the sense that they teach us that certain indicators related to the project holders as well as the project itself can constitute positive signals for the target audience. Therefore, these entrepreneurs need to optimise on these characteristics in order to maximise the probability of success of their fundraising campaigns.","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131612740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study sought to establish the influence of sustainability entrepreneurial strategies on enterprise performance of women led high end human hair enterprises: a case of Westlands sub-county, Nairobi. Methodology: The study was anchored on opportunity based entrepreneurship theory and used a descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 201 women entrepreneurs. The researcher used Krecjie and Morgan formula to select a sample of 132 respondents using stratified sampling and simple random sampling methods. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire. Results: Results from the study showed that there was a positive relationship between sustainability entrepreneurial strategies and enterprise performance. The study also found that entrepreneurial characteristics were the most significant independent variable followed by market accessibility, value proposition and financial resources. The results also showed that the respondents indicated that they were able to match their strategic intentions with their entrepreneurial characteristics, generate new ideas and make timely decisions to enhance the performance of their business to a very high extent. The respondents also indicated that they had access to the financial resources, had a strong financial base and were aware of the credit facilities available to a high extent. Another finding was that the respondents considered enhancing the quantity, length, price as well as uniquely branding their of high end human hair to a high extent. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that women entrepreneurs should undergo training on formulating strategies aimed at entrepreneurial development as this will enable them seek information and systematically plan on improving their enterprise thus enhance business performance. It is also recommended that the government and other stakeholders should come up with policies to promote the accessibility of financial resources for entrepreneurs as they were crucial for the sustainability of their enterprises. Another recommendation is that women entrepreneurs should identify, design and implement competitive customer value propositions to enhance their enterprise performance. It is further recommended that the government should support policy that will establish and strengthen the sourcing and market accessibility for women owned enterprises to enhance their financial performance.
{"title":"SUSTAINABILITY ENTREPRENEURIAL STRATEGIES AND ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN LED HIGH END HUMAN HAIR ENTERPRISES: CASE OF WESTLANDS SUB-COUNTY, NAIROBI","authors":"Esther Mwende Mbithi, P. Mathenge, M. Kweyu","doi":"10.47941/jepm.681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.681","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study sought to establish the influence of sustainability entrepreneurial strategies on enterprise performance of women led high end human hair enterprises: a case of Westlands sub-county, Nairobi. \u0000Methodology: The study was anchored on opportunity based entrepreneurship theory and used a descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 201 women entrepreneurs. The researcher used Krecjie and Morgan formula to select a sample of 132 respondents using stratified sampling and simple random sampling methods. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire. \u0000Results: Results from the study showed that there was a positive relationship between sustainability entrepreneurial strategies and enterprise performance. The study also found that entrepreneurial characteristics were the most significant independent variable followed by market accessibility, value proposition and financial resources. The results also showed that the respondents indicated that they were able to match their strategic intentions with their entrepreneurial characteristics, generate new ideas and make timely decisions to enhance the performance of their business to a very high extent. The respondents also indicated that they had access to the financial resources, had a strong financial base and were aware of the credit facilities available to a high extent. Another finding was that the respondents considered enhancing the quantity, length, price as well as uniquely branding their of high end human hair to a high extent. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that women entrepreneurs should undergo training on formulating strategies aimed at entrepreneurial development as this will enable them seek information and systematically plan on improving their enterprise thus enhance business performance. It is also recommended that the government and other stakeholders should come up with policies to promote the accessibility of financial resources for entrepreneurs as they were crucial for the sustainability of their enterprises. Another recommendation is that women entrepreneurs should identify, design and implement competitive customer value propositions to enhance their enterprise performance. It is further recommended that the government should support policy that will establish and strengthen the sourcing and market accessibility for women owned enterprises to enhance their financial performance.","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125178172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – Understanding construction cash flow estimation is crucial for project success. Experts are concerned about project’s cash-flow and risk estimation and control. Latest construction studies concentrated on modelling and estimating construction costs and risks. Methodology – This article aims to approach pure quantitative mathematical modelling to develop the S-Curves (i.e., cash-flow and risks) and to develop the cash-flow simple area method. This research referred to the mathematical definitions of construction cash-flow and risks, integrating a clear systematic approach to develop the s-curves and to build the simple-area-method. Findings – This research paper reviled that construction cash-flow and risk s-curves can be developed at the preconstruction stage, mathematically, without the need for having cost historical data of similar completed projects. In addition, this article has provided a simple area method approach mathematically, for construction cash flow analysis, using the basic developed cash-flow s-curve and the actual cost data of, at least, 2 completed similar projects. The simple area method is proved effective to provide a better understanding of cash-flow behaviour of the analysed projects’ type. However, the s-curves development can be generalised to cover construction cost and risk simple s-curves, while the area method is restricted with the projects’ characteristics (i.e., type, size, location, etc.) used in developing the simple area. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy – The significance of this study is to provide an S-Curve development approach for both cashflow and risk percentages from client perspective at the preconstruction stage, using solely the tender contract value. And to provide a simpler stochastic area method approach for project management professionals/researchers, who do not have large amount of historical similar projects’ cost data. Originality, theoretical-implications, practical-implications, and limitations are presented in the conclusion for future research.
{"title":"CONSTRUCTION CASH FLOW AND RISK S-CURVES DEVELOPMENT APPROACH, AND AREA METHOD ANALYSIS AT THE PRECONSTRUCTION STAGE FROM CLIENT PERSPECTIVE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES","authors":"Ahmed Sadek","doi":"10.47941/jepm.658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jepm.658","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Understanding construction cash flow estimation is crucial for project success. Experts are concerned about project’s cash-flow and risk estimation and control. Latest construction studies concentrated on modelling and estimating construction costs and risks. \u0000Methodology – This article aims to approach pure quantitative mathematical modelling to develop the S-Curves (i.e., cash-flow and risks) and to develop the cash-flow simple area method. This research referred to the mathematical definitions of construction cash-flow and risks, integrating a clear systematic approach to develop the s-curves and to build the simple-area-method. \u0000Findings – This research paper reviled that construction cash-flow and risk s-curves can be developed at the preconstruction stage, mathematically, without the need for having cost historical data of similar completed projects. In addition, this article has provided a simple area method approach mathematically, for construction cash flow analysis, using the basic developed cash-flow s-curve and the actual cost data of, at least, 2 completed similar projects. The simple area method is proved effective to provide a better understanding of cash-flow behaviour of the analysed projects’ type. However, the s-curves development can be generalised to cover construction cost and risk simple s-curves, while the area method is restricted with the projects’ characteristics (i.e., type, size, location, etc.) used in developing the simple area. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy – The significance of this study is to provide an S-Curve development approach for both cashflow and risk percentages from client perspective at the preconstruction stage, using solely the tender contract value. And to provide a simpler stochastic area method approach for project management professionals/researchers, who do not have large amount of historical similar projects’ cost data. Originality, theoretical-implications, practical-implications, and limitations are presented in the conclusion for future research.","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123549643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the key determinants influencing the performance of child welfare protection project in Kilifi county, Kenya. The study aimed to achieve the following objectives: to examine the extent to which training of workers influences performance of child welfare protection project, to determine the extent to which stakeholder engagement influences performance of child welfare protection project, to establish the extent to which availability of financial resources influences performance of child welfare protection project and to assess how monitoring and evaluation approaches influences the performance of child welfare protection project.Methodology: The study adopted the descriptive research design. The target population was 20 directors and 110 project workers which summed to 130 persons. The study sampled 101 respondents which included (15) directors and (86) project workers in the social department of 15 child charitable institutions. Purposive sampling and proportionate sampling were utilized respectively. Primary data was collected by use of close ended questionnaire and the return rate was 70%. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version) latest version. The study results were presented through frequency tables and narratives analysis.Results: The findings clearly depict that all determiners: training of workers, stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation approaches were present in child welfare projects constituting of the composite mean of 3.9468, 2.988, 3.6798 and 3,9434 respectively while the dependent variable had a composite mean of 4.34. Hypothesis was tested on each alternative as per the objective using the simple Chi square test determined that training of workers had no significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects while stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation had a significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that further research be conducted on training to provide more insight of this variable. The study recommends training of workers through university-agency partnerships be fortified to bring about new ideas and skills among project workers in addition, firms should ensure child welfare practitioners are endowed with valuable M&E skills and suitable approaches to meet the set target and objectives.
目的:本研究的目的是研究影响肯尼亚基利菲县儿童福利保护项目绩效的关键决定因素。这项研究旨在达到以下目标:考察工人培训对儿童福利保护项目绩效的影响程度，确定利益相关者参与对儿童福利保护项目绩效的影响程度，确定财政资源可获得性对儿童福利保护项目绩效的影响程度，评估监测和评估方法对儿童福利保护项目绩效的影响程度。方法:本研究采用描述性研究设计。目标人群为20名主任和110名项目工作人员，共计130人。该研究抽样调查了101名受访者，其中包括15家儿童慈善机构社会部门的(15)名主管和(86)名项目工作者。分别采用目的抽样和比例抽样。主要资料采用封闭式问卷收集，回收率为70%。定量数据采用描述性统计方法，借助SPSS最新版本的社会科学统计软件包(Statistical Package for Social Sciences)进行分析。研究结果通过频率表和叙述分析呈现。结果:研究结果清楚地描述了儿童福利项目中存在的决定因素:工作人员培训、利益相关者参与、资金可获得性和监测评估方法，其综合平均值分别为3.9468、2.988、3.6798和3.9434，因变量的综合平均值为4.34。根据目标，采用简单卡方检验对每个备选方案进行假设检验，确定工人培训对儿童福利保护项目的绩效没有显著影响，而利益相关者的参与、财政资源的可用性以及监测和评价对儿童福利保护项目的绩效有显著影响。对理论、政策和实践的独特贡献:本研究建议对培训进行进一步研究，以提供对这一变量的更多见解。该研究建议加强通过大学-机构伙伴关系对工作人员的培训，为项目工作人员带来新的想法和技能。此外，公司应确保儿童福利从业人员被赋予宝贵的M&E技能和适当的方法，以实现既定的目标和目标。
{"title":"Determinants Influencing the Performance of Child Welfare Protection Project: A Case of Charitable Children Institutions in Kilifi County, Kenya","authors":"Aleo Nipher Apeli, J. Kisimbii","doi":"10.47941/JEPM.503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/JEPM.503","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the key determinants influencing the performance of child welfare protection project in Kilifi county, Kenya. The study aimed to achieve the following objectives: to examine the extent to which training of workers influences performance of child welfare protection project, to determine the extent to which stakeholder engagement influences performance of child welfare protection project, to establish the extent to which availability of financial resources influences performance of child welfare protection project and to assess how monitoring and evaluation approaches influences the performance of child welfare protection project.Methodology: The study adopted the descriptive research design. The target population was 20 directors and 110 project workers which summed to 130 persons. The study sampled 101 respondents which included (15) directors and (86) project workers in the social department of 15 child charitable institutions. Purposive sampling and proportionate sampling were utilized respectively. Primary data was collected by use of close ended questionnaire and the return rate was 70%. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version) latest version. The study results were presented through frequency tables and narratives analysis.Results: The findings clearly depict that all determiners: training of workers, stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation approaches were present in child welfare projects constituting of the composite mean of 3.9468, 2.988, 3.6798 and 3,9434 respectively while the dependent variable had a composite mean of 4.34. Hypothesis was tested on each alternative as per the objective using the simple Chi square test determined that training of workers had no significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects while stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation had a significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that further research be conducted on training to provide more insight of this variable. The study recommends training of workers through university-agency partnerships be fortified to bring about new ideas and skills among project workers in addition, firms should ensure child welfare practitioners are endowed with valuable M&E skills and suitable approaches to meet the set target and objectives.","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132994672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Aviation sector in Kenya facilitates both international and domestic trade, promotes tourism and foreign investment thus contributing to government revenue and employment opportunities. Therefore, improving airport infrastructure would help reduce travel time, improve connectivity. The high rates of project failure have become a major concern for stakeholders hence the need to identify key factors that promote project success or failure. This study seeks to assess the critical success factor influencing the performance of construction projects in Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted quantitative method to examine critical success factors for the performance of aviation construction projects in Kenya. Descriptive case study research design was adopted and self –administered questionnaires were used to collect quantitative for analysis. The variables of interest include timely financing project activities, competency of contractors, participation of stakeholders, and management skills. Descriptive analysis and inferential tests were conducted with the aid of IBM SPSS version 23 software.Results: The study found that timely financing, contractor competency, stakeholder participation, and management skills have positive and significant influence on the performance of aviation construction projects. Descriptive results suggest that tractors competency, timely financing, management skills, and stakeholders’ participation have a strong positive influence on project performance. The study has also established a significant contribution of contractor competency to the successful performance of aviation construction projects. It was also noted that participation of key stakeholders in projects identification, decision making, and resource mobilization can enhance the success of aviation construction projects. It was observed that these factors account for over 54.9% of changes in project performance.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: In light of these results, the study recommends industry players to put measures in place that would allow timely provisions of finance for all project activities. It is also important to source for competent and experienced contractors, engage key stakeholders in decision making about the project, and recruit a competent and skilled project manager. The study results have a significant contribution to practitioners in the aviation construction sector in Kenya. The study provides the practitioner with the most critical variables likely to influence the performance of aviation construction projects. It further acknowledges that external factors also influence the success of these projects. In light of this, the practitioners can institute contingency plans to mitigate the risks to ensure successful completion of their projects. To the academic, the current study has filled literature gap on critical success factors for aviation project performance. Given the upcoming mega project in aviation sector ar
{"title":"Critical Success Factors Influencing the Performance of Infrastructure Projects in The Aviation Industry in Kenya; A Case of Moi International Airport","authors":"Isaiah Gichohi Mwangi, Johnbosco Mutuku Kisimbi","doi":"10.47941/JEPM.498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/JEPM.498","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Aviation sector in Kenya facilitates both international and domestic trade, promotes tourism and foreign investment thus contributing to government revenue and employment opportunities. Therefore, improving airport infrastructure would help reduce travel time, improve connectivity. The high rates of project failure have become a major concern for stakeholders hence the need to identify key factors that promote project success or failure. This study seeks to assess the critical success factor influencing the performance of construction projects in Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted quantitative method to examine critical success factors for the performance of aviation construction projects in Kenya. Descriptive case study research design was adopted and self –administered questionnaires were used to collect quantitative for analysis. The variables of interest include timely financing project activities, competency of contractors, participation of stakeholders, and management skills. Descriptive analysis and inferential tests were conducted with the aid of IBM SPSS version 23 software.Results: The study found that timely financing, contractor competency, stakeholder participation, and management skills have positive and significant influence on the performance of aviation construction projects. Descriptive results suggest that tractors competency, timely financing, management skills, and stakeholders’ participation have a strong positive influence on project performance. The study has also established a significant contribution of contractor competency to the successful performance of aviation construction projects. It was also noted that participation of key stakeholders in projects identification, decision making, and resource mobilization can enhance the success of aviation construction projects. It was observed that these factors account for over 54.9% of changes in project performance.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: In light of these results, the study recommends industry players to put measures in place that would allow timely provisions of finance for all project activities. It is also important to source for competent and experienced contractors, engage key stakeholders in decision making about the project, and recruit a competent and skilled project manager. The study results have a significant contribution to practitioners in the aviation construction sector in Kenya. The study provides the practitioner with the most critical variables likely to influence the performance of aviation construction projects. It further acknowledges that external factors also influence the success of these projects. In light of this, the practitioners can institute contingency plans to mitigate the risks to ensure successful completion of their projects. To the academic, the current study has filled literature gap on critical success factors for aviation project performance. Given the upcoming mega project in aviation sector ar","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123770337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Major road construction projects across Kilifi County have experienced delays in delivery due to a majority of contractors, both local firms and government agencies, failing to adhere to agreed-upon completion dates.it is in the backdrop of these problems that influenced the researcher to establish the influence of time management on the implementation of road projects in Kilifi County. The main purpose of this study was to examine the influence of time management on the implementation’s road constructions projects in Kilifi County.Methodology: The study adopted cross sectional research design and collect data using questionnaires from 120 engineers/project managers, supervisors/inspectors and technicians/foremen from 12 organizations including five construction companies involved in urban road construction projects in Kilifi County, five service providers whose utility facilities run along road construction corridors in Kilifi County, and two state corporations charged with the management of road construction in Kenya. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics. Descriptive analysis involved the use of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation in order to summarize the results of the various study variables. Inferential analysis involved the application of Pearson correlation and regression analysis to determine the nature of relationship between time management and implementation of road projects in Kilifi County.Results: The study found out that activity sequencing positively and significantly affects road constructions projects in Kilifi County (r = 0.688, P=0.000 < 0.01). The study further determined that a unit improvement in activity sequencing would lead significantly lead to improvement in road project implementation (β = 0.127, t = 2.037, P=0.044 <0.05). It was also determined that resource estimation positively and significantly affects implementation of road constructions projects in Kilifi County (r = 0.721, P = 0.002 < 0.01). the analysis also showed that a unit improvement in resource estimation would lead to a unit improvement in road project implementation (β = 0.218, t = 2.741, P = 0.005<0.05). The study also determined that activity control significantly and positively predicts implementation of road constructions projects in Kilifi County (r = 0.909, P= 0.000< 0.01). The regression analysis showed that a unit improvement in activity control would significantly lead to an improvement in implementation of road construction projects in the county (β = 0.173, t =3.045, P = 0.003<0.05). Finally, the study found out that institutional capacity affects road projects implementation (r = 0.558, P=0. .003 < 0.01). It was also determined that institutional capacity has moderating influence on the relationship between time management and road project implementation (β = 0.185, t = 4.302, P=0.000 < 0.05).Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Th
目的:Kilifi县各地的主要道路建设项目由于大多数承包商，包括当地公司和政府机构，未能遵守商定的完工日期而延迟交付。正是在这些问题的背景下，研究者建立了时间管理对基利菲县道路项目实施的影响。本研究的主要目的是探讨时间管理对基利菲县道路建设项目实施的影响。方法:本研究采用横断面研究设计，并通过对来自12个组织的120名工程师/项目经理、主管/检查员和技术人员/领班的问卷调查收集数据，这些组织包括参与基利菲县城市道路建设项目的5家建筑公司、基利菲县道路建设走廊沿线的5家公用设施服务提供商，以及负责管理肯尼亚道路建设的两家国有企业。在IBM SPSS statistics的帮助下，使用描述性和推断性统计对数据进行分析。描述性分析包括使用频率、百分比、平均值和标准偏差来总结各种研究变量的结果。推论分析涉及应用Pearson相关和回归分析来确定时间管理与基利菲县道路项目实施之间关系的性质。结果:研究发现，活动排序对基利菲县道路建设项目有显著正向影响(r = 0.688, P=0.000 < 0.01)。研究进一步确定，活性序列的单位改善会显著提高道路项目实施的效率(β = 0.127, t = 2.037, P=0.044 <0.05)。资源估算对基利菲县道路建设项目实施具有显著的正向影响(r = 0.721, P = 0.002 < 0.01)。资源估算的单位提升会导致道路工程实施的单位提升(β = 0.218, t = 2.741, P = 0.005<0.05)。研究还发现，活动控制对基利菲县道路建设项目的实施具有显著正向预测作用(r = 0.909, P= 0.000< 0.01)。回归分析表明，单位活动控制水平的提高显著提高了全县道路建设项目实施水平(β = 0.173, t =3.045, P = 0.003<0.05)。最后，研究发现机构能力影响道路项目实施(r = 0.558, P= 0.003 < 0.01)。制度能力对时间管理与道路项目实施之间的关系具有调节作用(β = 0.185, t = 4.302, P=0.000 < 0.05)。对理论、政策和实践的独特贡献:该研究建议，为了在道路建设项目实施期间进行有效的时间管理，应该有利益相关者参与，因为这将促进想法和观点。利益相关者参与时间管理和规划，将改善他们的沟通，提高信息的准确性，增加可信度和验收结果，最终提高基利菲县道路建设项目的质量。
{"title":"Influence of Time Management on Implementation of Road Construction Projects in Kilifi County, Kenya","authors":"Njebi Mark Mutugi, D. Kyalo","doi":"10.47941/JEPM.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/JEPM.497","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Major road construction projects across Kilifi County have experienced delays in delivery due to a majority of contractors, both local firms and government agencies, failing to adhere to agreed-upon completion dates.it is in the backdrop of these problems that influenced the researcher to establish the influence of time management on the implementation of road projects in Kilifi County. The main purpose of this study was to examine the influence of time management on the implementation’s road constructions projects in Kilifi County.Methodology: The study adopted cross sectional research design and collect data using questionnaires from 120 engineers/project managers, supervisors/inspectors and technicians/foremen from 12 organizations including five construction companies involved in urban road construction projects in Kilifi County, five service providers whose utility facilities run along road construction corridors in Kilifi County, and two state corporations charged with the management of road construction in Kenya. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics. Descriptive analysis involved the use of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation in order to summarize the results of the various study variables. Inferential analysis involved the application of Pearson correlation and regression analysis to determine the nature of relationship between time management and implementation of road projects in Kilifi County.Results: The study found out that activity sequencing positively and significantly affects road constructions projects in Kilifi County (r = 0.688, P=0.000 < 0.01). The study further determined that a unit improvement in activity sequencing would lead significantly lead to improvement in road project implementation (β = 0.127, t = 2.037, P=0.044 <0.05). It was also determined that resource estimation positively and significantly affects implementation of road constructions projects in Kilifi County (r = 0.721, P = 0.002 < 0.01). the analysis also showed that a unit improvement in resource estimation would lead to a unit improvement in road project implementation (β = 0.218, t = 2.741, P = 0.005<0.05). The study also determined that activity control significantly and positively predicts implementation of road constructions projects in Kilifi County (r = 0.909, P= 0.000< 0.01). The regression analysis showed that a unit improvement in activity control would significantly lead to an improvement in implementation of road construction projects in the county (β = 0.173, t =3.045, P = 0.003<0.05). Finally, the study found out that institutional capacity affects road projects implementation (r = 0.558, P=0. .003 < 0.01). It was also determined that institutional capacity has moderating influence on the relationship between time management and road project implementation (β = 0.185, t = 4.302, P=0.000 < 0.05).Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Th","PeriodicalId":293107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128243500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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