Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101889
Stijn De Smedt , Benedetta Attaianese , Ruth Cardinaels
Direct ink writing (DIW) allows producing complicated geometries by extruding material from a nozzle. The ink has to meet certain material requirements during and after printing for the object to be successfully produced. Meanwhile, the functionality requirements of the end-use application should be met. This paper attempts to provide the rheological basis and critical view to understand the material requirements for DIW inks and to help in making the bridge between the rheology and printability of particle-based multiphase DIW inks while meeting the functional demands of the end product. Colloidal suspensions and Pickering emulsions are often used as material classes for DIW. Some of the most important and noteworthy applications are described for both material classes. Thereafter, a more novel, particle-based multiphase system for DIW, namely capillary suspensions, is briefly discussed.
{"title":"Direct ink writing of particle-based multiphase materials: From rheology to functionality","authors":"Stijn De Smedt , Benedetta Attaianese , Ruth Cardinaels","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct ink writing (DIW) allows producing complicated geometries by extruding material from a nozzle. The ink has to meet certain material requirements during and after printing for the object to be successfully produced. Meanwhile, the functionality requirements of the end-use application should be met. This paper attempts to provide the rheological basis and critical view to understand the material requirements for DIW inks and to help in making the bridge between the rheology and printability of particle-based multiphase DIW inks while meeting the functional demands of the end product. Colloidal suspensions and Pickering emulsions are often used as material classes for DIW. Some of the most important and noteworthy applications are described for both material classes. Thereafter, a more novel, particle-based multiphase system for DIW, namely capillary suspensions, is briefly discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 101889"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101904
Rodrigo B. Reboucas, Nadia N. Nikolova, Vivek Sharma
We highlight the current state-of-the-art in modeling emulsion rheology, ranging from dilute to jammed dense systems. We focus on analytical and numerical methods developed for calculating, computing, and tracking drop deformation in response to viscometric flows and deriving constitutive models for flowing emulsions. We identify material properties and dimensionless parameters, collate and catalog the small deformation theories and resulting expressions for viscometric quantities, and take stock of challenges for capturing connections between drop deformation, morphology, and rheology of emulsions. We highlight the substantial progress in providing quantitative descriptions of the rheological response using analytical theories, scaling, and computational fluid dynamics. We illustrate how macroscopic rheological properties emerge from microscopic features including the deformation and dynamics of noninteracting or interacting drops, and molecular aspects that control the interfacial properties.
{"title":"Modeling drop deformations and rheology of dilute to dense emulsions","authors":"Rodrigo B. Reboucas, Nadia N. Nikolova, Vivek Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We highlight the current state-of-the-art in modeling emulsion rheology, ranging from dilute to jammed dense systems. We focus on analytical and numerical methods developed for calculating, computing, and tracking drop deformation in response to viscometric flows and deriving constitutive models for flowing emulsions. We identify material properties and dimensionless parameters, collate and catalog the small deformation theories and resulting expressions for viscometric quantities, and take stock of challenges for capturing connections between drop deformation, morphology, and rheology of emulsions. We highlight the substantial progress in providing quantitative descriptions of the rheological response using analytical theories, scaling, and computational fluid dynamics. We illustrate how macroscopic rheological properties emerge from microscopic features including the deformation and dynamics of noninteracting or interacting drops, and molecular aspects that control the interfacial properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101904"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101903
G. Camacho, J.R. Morillas, J. de Vicente
The use of magnetic fields offers an external, versatile way of controlling self-assembly of colloids. This review provides an exhaustive overview of unsteady fields that can vary in one, two, or three dimensions of space, as a powerful tool to direct the self-assembly of magnetic colloids into structures with tunable properties. Unlike steady fields, unsteady (nonstationary) fields can overcome the limitations of classical dipolar interactions, leading to a much wider range of structures, ranging from dense crystalline aggregates to 3D spanning networks, or dynamic clusters. The ability to precisely control the amplitude, frequency, and field direction allows for fine-tuning the interplay of interparticle forces, resulting in controllable assembly pathways. This review analyzes how different types of unsteady fields influence the morphology and dynamics of the self-assembled structures. Key parameters, such as the Mason number, are discussed to characterize the governing driving forces, and potential applications are highlighted.
{"title":"Self-assembly of magnetic colloids under unsteady fields","authors":"G. Camacho, J.R. Morillas, J. de Vicente","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of magnetic fields offers an external, versatile way of controlling self-assembly of colloids. This review provides an exhaustive overview of unsteady fields that can vary in one, two, or three dimensions of space, as a powerful tool to direct the self-assembly of magnetic colloids into structures with tunable properties. Unlike steady fields, unsteady (nonstationary) fields can overcome the limitations of classical dipolar interactions, leading to a much wider range of structures, ranging from dense crystalline aggregates to 3D spanning networks, or dynamic clusters. The ability to precisely control the amplitude, frequency, and field direction allows for fine-tuning the interplay of interparticle forces, resulting in controllable assembly pathways. This review analyzes how different types of unsteady fields influence the morphology and dynamics of the self-assembled structures. Key parameters, such as the Mason number, are discussed to characterize the governing driving forces, and potential applications are highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101903"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101896
Yogesh M. Joshi
Soft glassy materials are distinguished by their arrested microstructures and out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic states. These materials exhibit time dependent evolution of viscoelastic properties, driven by structural buildup under quiescent conditions, known as physical aging. As a result, they do not obey the standard linear viscoelastic framework, which is well-established for equilibrium materials. This article explores the application of linear viscoelastic principles to soft glassy materials by employing the effective time theory that readjusts the material clock to address the time dependence associated with the same. We explore how the effective time domain approach validates key linear viscoelastic principles, including the Boltzmann superposition principle, convolution relation, time–temperature superposition, time–stress superposition, and the Fourier transform relationship between relaxation modulus and complex modulus. We also discuss the relationship between soft glassy materials and thixotropy. These insights highlight the critical role of effective time in comprehending the intricate rheological characteristics of soft glassy materials.
{"title":"Linear viscoelasticity of physically aging soft glassy (Thixotropic) materials","authors":"Yogesh M. Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft glassy materials are distinguished by their arrested microstructures and out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic states. These materials exhibit time dependent evolution of viscoelastic properties, driven by structural buildup under quiescent conditions, known as physical aging. As a result, they do not obey the standard linear viscoelastic framework, which is well-established for equilibrium materials. This article explores the application of linear viscoelastic principles to soft glassy materials by employing the effective time theory that readjusts the material clock to address the time dependence associated with the same. We explore how the effective time domain approach validates key linear viscoelastic principles, including the Boltzmann superposition principle, convolution relation, time–temperature superposition, time–stress superposition, and the Fourier transform relationship between relaxation modulus and complex modulus. We also discuss the relationship between soft glassy materials and thixotropy. These insights highlight the critical role of effective time in comprehending the intricate rheological characteristics of soft glassy materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101896"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143228698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101895
Mohammad Nur-E-Alam , Md Saiful Islam , Tarek Abedin , Mohammad Aminul Islam , Boon Kar Yap , Tiong Sieh Kiong , Narottam Das , Md Rezaur Rahman , Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered a new paradigm in photovoltaic energy technology due to their extraordinary power conversion capabilities. However, their commercialization is hindered by stability issues. The current understanding of PSC degradation mechanisms focuses on factors such as moisture, oxygen, light, temperature, and electrical bias are comprehensively analyzed in this review article. The essential encapsulation strategies require further refinement for long-standing stability. Material engineering, including compositional tuning and defect passivation, has shown promise in enhancing intrinsic perovskite stability. Interface tuning between the perovskite layer and charge transport materials (hole and electron transport layers) is crucial for suppressing ion migration and charge recombination. Additionally, the advanced characterization techniques offer to dive into the degradation pathways, enabling targeted stability improvements. Despite substantial progress in obtaining higher efficiency in PSCs, it is still challenging to achieve the expected stability in PSCs. The development of novel perovskite materials with enhanced structural stability, improved encapsulation strategies, and an understanding of degradation mechanisms at the molecular level should be the imminent research focus with the development of accelerated testing methodologies and field trials essential for evaluating long-standing performance. PSCs will be a major contributor to renewable energy generation once the stability issues with their structure are erased.
{"title":"Current scenario and future trends on stability issues of perovskite solar cells: A mini review","authors":"Mohammad Nur-E-Alam , Md Saiful Islam , Tarek Abedin , Mohammad Aminul Islam , Boon Kar Yap , Tiong Sieh Kiong , Narottam Das , Md Rezaur Rahman , Mayeen Uddin Khandaker","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2025.101895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered a new paradigm in photovoltaic energy technology due to their extraordinary power conversion capabilities. However, their commercialization is hindered by stability issues. The current understanding of PSC degradation mechanisms focuses on factors such as moisture, oxygen, light, temperature, and electrical bias are comprehensively analyzed in this review article. The essential encapsulation strategies require further refinement for long-standing stability. Material engineering, including compositional tuning and defect passivation, has shown promise in enhancing intrinsic perovskite stability. Interface tuning between the perovskite layer and charge transport materials (hole and electron transport layers) is crucial for suppressing ion migration and charge recombination. Additionally, the advanced characterization techniques offer to dive into the degradation pathways, enabling targeted stability improvements. Despite substantial progress in obtaining higher efficiency in PSCs, it is still challenging to achieve the expected stability in PSCs. The development of novel perovskite materials with enhanced structural stability, improved encapsulation strategies, and an understanding of degradation mechanisms at the molecular level should be the imminent research focus with the development of accelerated testing methodologies and field trials essential for evaluating long-standing performance. PSCs will be a major contributor to renewable energy generation once the stability issues with their structure are erased.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101895"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101894
Tobias Halthur , Jonas Carlstedt
The phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of polymers and surfactants has been widely studied over the past thirty years. Not only for the academic interest in the richness in the structures formed, but also for the potential this combination holds in a number of different applications, ranging from cleaning products and cosmetics to pharmaceuticals and oil recovery. However, when developing these products, it is essential to know when the species are miscible, when the aim might be to build viscosity, or how to trigger associative phase separation, as for deposition of coacervates in care shampoos. The phase behavior is not only determined by the choice of the polymer and surfactant, but also to a large extent affected by additions of co-surfactants and salt, which will be discussed in this review. Additional aspects to be considered for less-studied, more natural and sustainable polymers and surfactants will also be presented.
{"title":"Polymer – surfactant interactions and compatibility for ionic surfactants combined with hydrophilic polymers: Stability and miscibility vs. segregative or associative phase separation and deposition","authors":"Tobias Halthur , Jonas Carlstedt","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of polymers and surfactants has been widely studied over the past thirty years. Not only for the academic interest in the richness in the structures formed, but also for the potential this combination holds in a number of different applications, ranging from cleaning products and cosmetics to pharmaceuticals and oil recovery. However, when developing these products, it is essential to know when the species are miscible, when the aim might be to build viscosity, or how to trigger associative phase separation, as for deposition of coacervates in care shampoos. The phase behavior is not only determined by the choice of the polymer and surfactant, but also to a large extent affected by additions of co-surfactants and salt, which will be discussed in this review. Additional aspects to be considered for less-studied, more natural and sustainable polymers and surfactants will also be presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101894"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most significant advances in the development of organic solar cells (OSCs) along the last three decades are presented. The key aspects of OSCs such as the photovoltaic principles regarding the mechanism for the generation of the exciton and the transport of the carriers to the respective electrodes are explained. Furthermore, the most common organic materials used as the photoactive layer are discussed, highlighting those that have been more successful and extensively studied in the literature such as donor polymers (PM6), fullerene acceptor ([60]PCBM), or small-molecule acceptors (ITIC and Y6 families). The evolution of the efficiency of OSCs with the introduction of these innovative materials has also been included. Other critical issue for a better understanding of OSCs, namely the control of the morphology in the device fabrication is also considered by gathering the most important advances on this critical photovoltaic parameter. In addition, the review presents some technology metrics regarding the cost of the energy, the durability of the devices, or the environmental impact that are critical for the coming commercialization of this advanced technology.
{"title":"Organic solar cells: Principles, materials, and working mechanism","authors":"Elisa Antolin , Javier Urieta-Mora , Agustín Molina-Ontoria , Nazario Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The most significant advances in the development of organic solar cells (OSCs) along the last three decades are presented. The key aspects of OSCs such as the photovoltaic principles regarding the mechanism for the generation of the exciton and the transport of the carriers to the respective electrodes are explained. Furthermore, the most common organic materials used as the photoactive layer are discussed, highlighting those that have been more successful and extensively studied in the literature such as donor polymers (PM6), fullerene acceptor ([60]PCBM), or small-molecule acceptors (ITIC and Y6 families). The evolution of the efficiency of OSCs with the introduction of these innovative materials has also been included. Other critical issue for a better understanding of OSCs, namely the control of the morphology in the device fabrication is also considered by gathering the most important advances on this critical photovoltaic parameter. In addition, the review presents some technology metrics regarding the cost of the energy, the durability of the devices, or the environmental impact that are critical for the coming commercialization of this advanced technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101893"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101873
Deepak Mangal, Anushka Jha, Donya Dabiri, Safa Jamali
With the rapid development and adoption of different data-driven techniques in rheology, this review aims to reflect on the advent and growth of these frameworks, survey the state-of-the-art methods relevant to rheological applications, and explore potential future directions. We classify different machine learning (ML) methodologies into data-centric and physics-informed frameworks. Data-centric methods leverage conventional ML techniques to uncover relationships within specific datasets, demonstrating success in rheological properties prediction, material characterization, properties optimization, and accelerated numerical simulations. Physics-informed machine learning combines physical laws and domain knowledge with data to produce generalizable and physically consistent predictions, proving effective in solving rheological differential equations, utilizing multi-fidelity datasets to enhance predictions, and constitutive modeling. The paper also discusses the limitations of these approaches and the ongoing efforts to address them. Looking ahead, this article emphasizes the need for explainable ML techniques to enhance transparency and trust, improved tools for uncertainty quantification. These advancements could significantly transform rheology and non-Newtonian fluid mechanics by enabling more robust, insightful, and efficient data-driven methodologies.
随着各种数据驱动技术在流变学领域的快速发展和采用，本综述旨在反思这些框架的出现和发展，调查与流变学应用相关的最新方法，并探索潜在的未来方向。我们将不同的机器学习（ML）方法分为以数据为中心的框架和物理信息框架。以数据为中心的方法利用传统的 ML 技术来揭示特定数据集中的关系，在流变特性预测、材料表征、特性优化和加速数值模拟方面取得了成功。物理信息机器学习将物理定律和领域知识与数据相结合，以产生可推广的、物理上一致的预测结果，在求解流变微分方程、利用多保真度数据集增强预测结果以及构造建模方面证明是有效的。本文还讨论了这些方法的局限性以及为解决这些问题正在进行的努力。展望未来，本文强调需要可解释的 ML 技术来提高透明度和信任度，并改进不确定性量化工具。这些进步可以使数据驱动的方法更稳健、更有洞察力、更高效，从而极大地改变流变学和非牛顿流体力学。
{"title":"Data-driven techniques in rheology: Developments, challenges and perspective","authors":"Deepak Mangal, Anushka Jha, Donya Dabiri, Safa Jamali","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development and adoption of different data-driven techniques in rheology, this review aims to reflect on the advent and growth of these frameworks, survey the state-of-the-art methods relevant to rheological applications, and explore potential future directions. We classify different machine learning (ML) methodologies into data-centric and physics-informed frameworks. Data-centric methods leverage conventional ML techniques to uncover relationships within specific datasets, demonstrating success in rheological properties prediction, material characterization, properties optimization, and accelerated numerical simulations. Physics-informed machine learning combines physical laws and domain knowledge with data to produce generalizable and physically consistent predictions, proving effective in solving rheological differential equations, utilizing multi-fidelity datasets to enhance predictions, and constitutive modeling. The paper also discusses the limitations of these approaches and the ongoing efforts to address them. Looking ahead, this article emphasizes the need for explainable ML techniques to enhance transparency and trust, improved tools for uncertainty quantification. These advancements could significantly transform rheology and non-Newtonian fluid mechanics by enabling more robust, insightful, and efficient data-driven methodologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 101873"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101872
Jian Tang, Quan Chen
Polymer gels are three-dimensional polymer networks swollen by solvents. They exhibit high elasticity and swellability and are widely used in many fields. The design, development, and application of these materials are all dependent on a precise understanding of molecular mechanisms of elasticity and swellability. The development of a model polymer gel system with a uniform structure and low degree of defects facilitates the test of these mechanisms. This review summarized the recent progress in understanding the local polymer/solvent interaction in determining the elasticity and swellability of the model polymer gels. A particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between the conformation of the precursor chains on a microscopic scale and the modulus and swelling ratio of polymer gels on a macroscopic scale under the influence of the polymer/solvent interaction. Knowledge of the relationship plays a vital role in the future development of novel functional polymer gel materials.
{"title":"Understanding elasticity and swellability of polymer gels from a perspective of polymer/solvent interaction","authors":"Jian Tang, Quan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer gels are three-dimensional polymer networks swollen by solvents. They exhibit high elasticity and swellability and are widely used in many fields. The design, development, and application of these materials are all dependent on a precise understanding of molecular mechanisms of elasticity and swellability. The development of a model polymer gel system with a uniform structure and low degree of defects facilitates the test of these mechanisms. This review summarized the recent progress in understanding the local polymer/solvent interaction in determining the elasticity and swellability of the model polymer gels. A particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between the conformation of the precursor chains on a microscopic scale and the modulus and swelling ratio of polymer gels on a macroscopic scale under the influence of the polymer/solvent interaction. Knowledge of the relationship plays a vital role in the future development of novel functional polymer gel materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 101872"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101871
Samina Qamar, Sule Erten Ela
This review provides a comprehensive summary of the research advancements made in recent years regarding photoanode, sensitizer, electrolytes, counter electrode materials, and solid-state electrolytes for long-term stable dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Its objectives are to facilitate comprehension of the underlying design principles, elucidate the fundamental research, and develop high-performance DSSCs for practical applications.
{"title":"Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC): Principles, materials and working mechanism","authors":"Samina Qamar, Sule Erten Ela","doi":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cocis.2024.101871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review provides a comprehensive summary of the research advancements made in recent years regarding photoanode, sensitizer, electrolytes, counter electrode materials, and solid-state electrolytes for long-term stable dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Its objectives are to facilitate comprehension of the underlying design principles, elucidate the fundamental research, and develop high-performance DSSCs for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":293,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101871"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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