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Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP最新文献

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Northern Nevada Public Health: Utilizing the Public Health Workforce Calculator and Workforce Capacity Self-assessment Tools to Develop a Framework for Workforce Investment. 北内华达公共卫生:利用公共卫生劳动力计算器和劳动力能力自我评估工具制定劳动力投资框架。
Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001909
L. Beitsch, Matthew Stefanak, Carol Moehrle, Kevin Dick, Ron Bialek
CONTEXTHealth departments nationally are critically understaffed and lack infrastructure support. By examining current staffing and allocations through a Foundational Public Health Services (FPHS) lens at the Northern Nevada Public Health (NNPH), there is an opportunity to make a strong case for greater investment if current dedicated full-time equivalents are inadequate and to guide which investments in public health workforce are prioritized.OBJECTIVETo assess the use of the Public Health Workforce Calculator (calculator) and other tools to identify and prioritize FPHS workforce needs in a field application.DESIGNField application of the calculator in conjunction with the use of FPHS workforce capacity self-assessment tools.SETTINGNNPH.PARTICIPANTSNNPH and Public Health Foundation (PHF).INTERVENTIONFrom June 2022 through April 2023, PHF collaborated with NNPH, serving Washoe County, to provide expertise and assistance as NNPH undertook an assessment of its workforce needs based upon the FPHS model.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESComparison of the calculator output with FPHS workforce capacity self-assessment tools.RESULTSThe calculator and the FPHS capacity self-assessment process yielded complementary FPHS workforce capacity gap data. The use of a structured and transparent process, coupled with additional tools that included prioritizing needs, provided a viable and sustainable process for public health workforce investment planning. NNPH successfully utilized the results to bolster a supplemental funding request and a state public health appropriation.CONCLUSIONSThe use of the calculator and an FPHS workforce capacity self-assessment in a facilitated and structured process such as that used by NNPH to identify staffing priorities may hold promise as an approach that could be used to support decision-making and justification for infrastructure resources when funding for public health increases in the future.
背景全国各地的卫生部门人手严重不足,缺乏基础设施支持。通过从基础公共卫生服务(FPHS)的角度来审视北内华达公共卫生(NNPH)目前的人员配备和分配情况,如果目前的专职全职同等人员不足,就有机会提出更多投资的有力论据,并指导公共卫生劳动力投资的优先次序。目标评估公共卫生劳动力计算器(计算器)和其他工具的使用情况,以在实地应用中确定和优先考虑 FPHS 劳动力需求。干预从 2022 年 6 月到 2023 年 4 月,PHF 与服务于华首县的 NNPH 合作,在 NNPH 根据 FPHS 模型对其劳动力需求进行评估时提供专业知识和援助。结果计算器和 FPHS 能力自我评估过程产生了互补的 FPHS 劳动力能力差距数据。使用结构化和透明的流程,再加上包括确定需求优先次序在内的附加工具,为公共卫生人力投资规划提供了一个可行且可持续的流程。NNPH 成功地利用这些结果来支持补充资金申请和州公共卫生拨款。
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引用次数: 0
From Research to Roach Traps: Practical Considerations for a Home-Based Asthma Program. 从研究到蟑螂陷阱:家庭哮喘计划的实际考虑因素。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001890
Natalie Talis, Nathaniel Lewis, Prakash Doraiswamy, Zhiyong Wu, Brittney Boakye
CONTEXTHome-based asthma interventions have a significant evidence base as an effective means to address moderate and severe breathing concerns triggered by home conditions. However, the literature lacks logistical and staffing considerations necessary to successfully implement such a program at a governmental level. This practice report and process evaluation outlines practical details and lessons learned during a healthy homes pilot, and how they were addressed in the design of a permanent program.OBJECTIVETo inform the creation of a permanent home-based asthma intervention at the Alexandria Health Department (AHD) (City of Alexandria, Virginia) and understand the tools and resources necessary for success.INTERVENTIONParticipating households received a health and environmental assessment, followed by cleaning supplies, relevant education, and referrals to partners for services. AHD staff tracked challenges and insights at each step of the intervention. At the end of the pilot, staff worked with the community to identify solutions and design a permanent program.CONCLUSIONSAlthough the pilot model was constructed based on existing case studies, technical assistance from national experts, and guidance documents, the team still experienced challenges around recruitment, staff support, home visit implementation, and impact evaluation. While pilots and existing literature can be instructive for identifying issues, work with residents and partners to develop a uniquely tailored community program was essential for practical success.IMPLICATIONS ON POLICY AND PRACTICEHealth departments developing new initiatives should consider both the staff and participant experience throughout the creation of administrative and programmatic processes. Testing out draft versions of these processes and materials using internal and external focus groups can identify potential bottlenecks and solutions upfront.
背景以家庭为基础的哮喘干预措施作为解决由家庭条件引发的中度和重度呼吸问题的有效手段,已经有了大量的证据基础。然而,文献中缺乏在政府层面成功实施此类计划所需的后勤和人员配备方面的考虑。本实践报告和过程评估概述了健康家庭试点过程中的实际细节和经验教训,以及在设计永久性计划时如何处理这些细节和经验教训。目标为亚历山大卫生局(AHD)(弗吉尼亚州亚历山大市)建立永久性家庭哮喘干预措施提供信息,并了解成功所需的工具和资源。干预措施参与家庭接受健康和环境评估,随后获得清洁用品、相关教育以及合作伙伴服务转介。美国卫生与发展协会的工作人员对干预措施每一步所面临的挑战和见解进行了跟踪。结论虽然试点模式是在现有案例研究、国家专家的技术援助和指导文件的基础上构建的,但团队在招募、员工支持、家访实施和影响评估方面仍然遇到了挑战。虽然试点项目和现有文献对发现问题具有指导意义,但与居民和合作伙伴合作开发独特的社区项目对取得实际成功至关重要。利用内部和外部焦点小组测试这些流程和材料的草案版本,可以提前发现潜在的瓶颈和解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Settling Into a New Job: Asking Good Questions and Building Relationships. 适应新工作:提出好问题,建立好关系。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001935
Edward L Baker
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引用次数: 0
How Mississippi Is Changing Public Health. 密西西比州如何改变公共卫生。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001920
Kina White, Megan Wolfe, Sara Kunkel, Jane Carmody, John Auerbach
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引用次数: 0
Home Visiting in California During the First Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study of Low-Income Pregnant and Parenting Caregivers. COVID-19 大流行头两年期间加利福尼亚州的家访:对低收入孕妇和养育子女的照顾者进行的重复横断面研究。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001910
Linda S. Franck, Renee Mehra, Linda Remy, Jennifer Rienks
CONTEXTPrior to the COVID-19 pandemic, home visiting services for low-income children and families were provided almost entirely in person. Little is known about clients' experience of home visiting provided virtually by video or phone instead of, or in addition to, in-person home visiting.OBJECTIVETo explore the views of clients in the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) Home Visiting Program (HVP) across California during the first 2 years of the pandemic.SETTINGForty counties in California.PARTICIPANTSCalWORKs HVP clients, currently enrolled or who left the program in the 6 months prior to each survey.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESClients' ratings of participation in and experiences with the CalWORKs HVP services, as well as unmet needs.RESULTSWe collected 1617 surveys from clients across 3 survey rounds. Pandemic-related restrictions resulted in decreased frequency of home visits and a shift from in person to primarily virtual visits. As in-person home visit frequency decreased, there were significant declines in clients' level of agreement that they learned child development skills (P = .04), received parenting services (P = .015) or activities (P < .001), or received infant and child nutrition services (P = .003). There were no declines in level of agreement that the CalWORKs HVP improved the quality of life of clients and their children.DISCUSSIONClients consistently rated the CalWORKs HVP as positively contributing to their and their children's well-being, regardless of the shift from in person to virtual visits. Clients' participation in some program components decreased over the evaluation. However, it is unknown if clients received fewer referrals, were hesitant to pursue the referrals, or if fewer services were available. Continued research is needed to evaluate the merits and disadvantages of virtual visits as in-person home visits resume postpandemic.
背景在 COVID-19 大流行之前,为低收入儿童和家庭提供的家访服务几乎完全是面对面的。人们对客户通过视频或电话进行虚拟家访,而不是亲自家访,或者除了亲自家访之外还进行家访的经历知之甚少。目的探讨加州 "对儿童的工作机会和责任"(CalWORKs)家访计划(HVP)的客户在大流行病发生的头两年中对整个加州的看法。主要结果测量客户对参与 CalWORKs HVP 服务和体验的评价,以及未满足的需求。与大流行病相关的限制导致家访频率下降,并从亲自家访转变为主要通过虚拟方式进行家访。随着上门家访次数的减少,受访者对学习儿童发展技能(P = .04)、接受育儿服务(P = .015)或活动(P < .001)或接受婴幼儿营养服务(P = .003)的认同度显著下降。对于 CalWORKs HVP 提高了客户及其子女生活质量的认同度没有下降。讨论无论从面对面访问转变为虚拟访问,客户始终认为 CalWORKs HVP 对其本人及其子女的福祉做出了积极贡献。在评估期间,客户对某些计划内容的参与有所减少。然而,究竟是客户收到的转介减少了,还是他们对转介犹豫不决,抑或是可提供的服务减少了,目前尚不得而知。随着面对面家访的恢复,虚拟家访的优缺点还需要继续研究评估。
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引用次数: 1
Peacebuilding Through Cooperation in Health Care and Public Health Between Israel and Palestine. 通过以色列和巴勒斯坦在医疗保健和公共卫生方面的合作建设和平。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001919
L. Y. Landesman, Robert A. Rubinstein, Brian S Englander
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引用次数: 0
RIvER Clinic: Rethinking Incarceration and Empowering Recovery-An Innovative Postincarceration Care Delivery Model Implemented During the COVID-19 Pandemic. RIvER 诊所:RIvER 诊所:反思监禁和赋权康复--在 COVID-19 大流行期间实施的监禁后护理创新模式。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001877
Emily F Dauria, Joslyn Lapinski, Mary E Hawk, James E Egan, Divya Venkat, Tom E Robertson
The Rethinking Incarceration and Empowering Recovery (RIvER) Clinic was launched in June 2021 to address the health disparities experienced during and after incarceration. The RIvER Clinic's multidisciplinary, community-centered team engages patients during jail detention and after release via telehealth, collocated in community locations, on a mobile van, and in clinic. The clinic serves as a bridge between incarceration and the establishment of permanent health care and social services in the community. In 2022, a total of 479 visits were completed. The clinic provided multidisciplinary substance use support to all eligible patients, paying for 104 medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) prescriptions for uninsured patients. Twenty-five percent of patients were transitioned to community-based care, and less than 5% of patients were reincarcerated. Despite some limitations, results demonstrate that the RIvER Clinic is successfully reintegrating a marginalized population into its community. The purpose of this article is to describe the implementation and preliminary outcomes of this postincarceration clinic.
反思监禁与赋权康复(RIvER)诊所于 2021 年 6 月启动,旨在解决监禁期间和监禁后的健康差异问题。RIvER 诊所的多学科、以社区为中心的团队通过远程医疗、在社区地点、移动车上和诊所等方式,与在押期间和出狱后的患者接触。该诊所是监禁与在社区建立永久性医疗保健和社会服务之间的桥梁。2022 年,共完成了 479 次出诊。诊所为所有符合条件的患者提供多学科药物使用支持,为未参保患者支付了 104 种阿片类药物使用障碍(MOUD)处方药费用。25%的患者被转到了社区医疗机构,不到5%的患者被重新监禁。尽管存在一些局限性,但结果表明,RIvER 诊所成功地将边缘化人群重新融入社区。本文旨在介绍该监禁后诊所的实施情况和初步成果。
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引用次数: 0
Latent Profiles of Coronavirus-Related Health Literacy in Chinese Residents and Its Related Predictors. 中国居民与冠状病毒相关的健康素养的潜在特征及其相关预测因素。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001904
Yawen Du, Xiaokang Wang, Xiaoou Bu, Fawen Hu, Junwei Long, Pei Wang
OBJECTIVESThis study aimed to explore the latent profiles of coronavirus-related health literacy among Chinese residents and investigate whether some predictive factors are linked with different latent subgroups of coronavirus-related health literacy.DESIGN/SETTINGThis study was a cross-sectional survey conducted among Chinese residents beginning in April 2020.PARTICIPANTSA total of 1610 Chinese residents aged 15 to 69 years were involved and were asked to complete the questionnaire about coronavirus-related health literacy, demographic information, and COVID-19 pandemic-related information.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREExamined the latent profiles of coronavirus-related health literacy and explored the influencing factors of different profiles of coronavirus-related health literacy.RESULTSThe results showed that there were 3 latent subgroups, namely, high coronavirus-related health literacy (45.53%), medium coronavirus-related health literacy (47.76%), and low coronavirus-related health literacy (6.71%). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, education, and the frequency of exposure to news about the pandemic could predict group membership.CONCLUSIONSMost Chinese residents have medium coronavirus-related health literacy. Education is an important factor that has a long-term stable influence on coronavirus-related health literacy, and the frequency of exposure to news about the pandemic is a factor that can improve coronavirus-related health literacy in a short time.
目的本研究旨在探索中国居民冠状病毒相关健康素养的潜伏特征,并研究一些预测因素是否与冠状病毒相关健康素养的不同潜伏亚群相关。设计/设置本研究是一项横断面调查,从2020年4月开始在中国居民中开展。参与者共1610名15至69岁的中国居民参与了调查,并被要求填写有关冠状病毒相关健康素养、人口统计学信息和COVID-19大流行相关信息的问卷。结果结果表明,冠状病毒相关健康素养存在3个潜在亚组,即高冠状病毒相关健康素养(45.53%)、中冠状病毒相关健康素养(47.76%)和低冠状病毒相关健康素养(6.71%)。Logistic 回归分析表明,性别、教育程度和接触大流行病新闻的频率可预测群体成员。结论大多数中国居民的冠状病毒相关健康素养处于中等水平,教育是对冠状病毒相关健康素养有长期稳定影响的重要因素,而接触大流行新闻的频率是能在短期内提高冠状病毒相关健康素养的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking Data Collection Methods During the Pandemic: Development and Implementation of CATI for the All of Us Research Program. 重新思考大流行病期间的数据收集方法:为 "我们所有人 "研究计划开发和实施 CATI。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001950
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引用次数: 0
Strengthening Protocols for Rapid Response to Disruptions in Access to Prescription Opioids: Considerations for State and Territorial Health Agencies. 加强对处方类阿片获取中断的快速反应规程:州和地区卫生机构的考虑因素》。
Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001848
Jessica L Pough, Stephanie Swanson, Richa Ranade
Prescription opioid disruptions pose a danger and lead to adverse health outcomes for patients taking prescription opioids for pain or medication for opioid use disorder. State and territorial health agencies are uniquely positioned to respond to disruptions and potentially prevent risks associated with service disruptions. Responding to disruptions in access to prescription opioids necessitates a multifaceted, collaborative approach that prioritizes care continuity and patient well-being. State and territorial health agencies may benefit from developing and exercising a formal response protocol that outlines roles and activities during these types of events, strengthening capacity to rapidly respond and serve patient needs.
处方类阿片的中断会对服用处方类阿片止痛或治疗类阿片使用障碍的患者造成危险,并导致不良的健康后果。州和地区卫生机构在应对服务中断和潜在预防与服务中断相关的风险方面具有得天独厚的优势。要应对处方阿片类药物供应中断的问题,就必须采取多方面的合作方法,优先考虑护理的连续性和患者的福祉。州和地区卫生机构可能会受益于制定和实施正式的响应协议,该协议概述了在此类事件中的作用和活动,加强了快速响应和满足患者需求的能力。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP
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