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Environmental Protection in the Field of Human Rights 人权领域的环境保护
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2023.14.1.112
O. Mahmutović, Safet Velić
In the field of science, human rights and environmental protection are multidisciplinary fields. Hence different approaches to their interaction. In the context of the historical development of human rights, the right to a healthy environment belongs to the third generation of human rights. Due to the increase in industrialization around the world and the use of technologies which main feature is the easy availability and low cost of raw materials and processes, a number of global environmental problems have appeared (ozone depletion, global warming, climate change, etc.) which required a global response. The previous approaches (Stockholm Conference, etc.) were not enough, a new concept was needed that prevents the emergence of problems. A new concept, called sustainable development, implies economic development without permanent impact on the environment. Through the principle of sustainable development, the last UN concept for environmental protection and improvement of society in all segments was formulated, called Agenda 2030. BiH is a signatory to the agenda, but main driver of progress in the field of environmental protection and human rights is BiH’s aspiration to join the EU. One of the key meeting points of human rights and environmental protection should be the rights of activists for environmental protection, resolving their legal status through a law that will recognize their importance. The EU is specifically working on this, so it is expected that BiH will also make progress in the field of better status of activists for environmental protection, through the process of joining EU.
在科学领域,人权和环境保护是多学科领域。因此,它们的相互作用有不同的方法。在人权的历史发展背景下,享有健康环境的权利属于第三代人权。由于世界各地工业化程度的提高和主要特点是原材料和工艺容易获得和成本低的技术的使用,出现了一些全球环境问题(臭氧消耗,全球变暖,气候变化等),需要全球应对。以前的办法(斯德哥尔摩会议等)是不够的,需要一种新的概念来防止问题的出现。一个被称为可持续发展的新概念意味着经济发展不会对环境造成永久性影响。通过可持续发展的原则,联合国制定了最后一个保护环境和改善社会各方面的概念,称为2030年议程。波黑是该议程的签署国,但在环境保护和人权领域取得进展的主要动力是波黑加入欧盟的愿望。人权和环境保护的关键交汇点之一应该是环境保护活动人士的权利,通过一部承认其重要性的法律来解决他们的法律地位。欧盟在这方面有专门的工作,因此预计波黑也将通过加入欧盟的过程,在提高环保活动家地位方面取得进展。
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引用次数: 0
Testing Fiscal Sustainability in Bosnia And Herzegovina 测试波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那财政可持续性
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2023.14.1.72
Aldin Međedović, Merdža Handalić Plahonjić
Considering contemporary economic trends and the importance of fiscal policy instruments for ensuring macroeconomic stability, the research focuses on fiscal sustainability. Accordingly, special attention is paid to the empirical approach to fiscal sustainability, where the central question in considering the long-term sustainability of public finances is the concept of intertemporal budget constraint. The potential cointegrating relationships between public revenues and public expenditures, which represent the basic condition for fiscal sustainability, were tested on the example of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Testing the cointegration of time series was performed using the Engle-Granger two-step procedure and then using the Johansen procedure based on the VAR model. Finally, based on the above, the results of the fiscal sustainability analysis of Bosnia and Herzegovina were summarized, which are relevant for defining macro-fiscal goals and development-oriented policies.
考虑到当代经济趋势和财政政策工具对确保宏观经济稳定的重要性,研究重点是财政可持续性。因此,特别注意财政可持续性的经验方法,其中考虑公共财政长期可持续性的中心问题是跨期预算约束的概念。公共收入和公共支出之间潜在的协同关系是财政可持续性的基本条件,在波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那的例子中得到了检验。采用Engle-Granger两步法对时间序列进行协整检验,然后采用基于VAR模型的Johansen法对时间序列进行协整检验。最后,在此基础上,总结了波黑财政可持续性分析的结果,这对确定宏观财政目标和发展导向政策具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Historical Context of the Establishment And Development of the Labor Inspection on in Bosnia And Herzegovina 波黑劳动监察制度建立与发展的历史背景
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2023.14.1.11
Emir Mehmedović, Edina Šehrić
In the paper, the authors examine the historical context of the origin and development of labor inspection in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The periodization is divided into four periods: the period before the First World War, the period of the Kingdom of SHS/Yugoslavia, the period of socialist Yugoslavia (FNRJ and SFRJ), and the contemporary period of labor inspection in Bosnia and Herzegovina as an independent state. The first period covers the time of Austro-Hungarian rule, starting from 1907 when the Trade Supervision was established by the Order on Trade Supervision. After that, in the newly formed Kingdom of SHS, the state Labor Inspection was established in 1920, and in 1921, the Regulation on Labor Inspection was adopted, followed by the Law on Labor Inspection in 1922. After the Second World War and the establishment of a new socialist government, inspection supervision over the implementation of hygienic and technical safety measures at work, as well as the application of regulations on labor relations and working conditions, began. This led to the passing of the Law on Labor Inspection in 1946. Changes in the concept of labor inspection occurred due to altered socio-political circumstances, such as the introduction of worker self-management, new communal arrangements, and decentralization of state administration, resulting in the passing of the new federal Labor Inspection Act in 1959. Instead of a special law on labor inspection, the status of labor inspection was regulated by the Basic Law on Occupational Safety in 1965. Following constitutional changes and the strengthening of decentralization in the 1970s, the competence to regulate labor inspection issues was transferred from the federal level to the republic level, and in 1984, the Law on Occupational Safety was adopted in SRBiH, which regulated the issue of labor inspection, among other things. This law was replaced by the new Law on Occupational Safety in 1990. In the modern period, after the independence of BiH, the organization of inspection services is usually regulated by special laws on inspections. Currently, the issue of labor inspections is regulated at 14 levels of government. The aforementioned historical review highlights the continuity and specific development of labor inspection throughout the observed time period.
本文考察了波黑劳动监察制度产生和发展的历史背景。分期分为四个时期:第一次世界大战前的时期,SHS/南斯拉夫王国时期,社会主义南斯拉夫时期(FNRJ和SFRJ),以及波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那作为独立国家的当代劳动监察时期。第一个时期是奥匈帝国统治时期,从1907年根据《贸易监管令》设立贸易监管开始。此后,在新成立的SHS王国,1920年设立了国家劳动监察机构,1921年通过了《劳动监察条例》,1922年通过了《劳动监察法》。在第二次世界大战后和社会主义新政府成立后,开始对工作场所卫生和技术安全措施的执行情况以及劳动关系和工作条件条例的适用情况进行检查监督。这导致了1946年《劳动监察法》的通过。劳动监察概念的变化是由于社会政治环境的改变,如工人自我管理的引入、新的公共安排和国家行政权力的下放,导致了1959年新的联邦劳动监察法的通过。劳动监察的地位是在1965年的《职业安全基本法》中规定的,而不是专门的劳动监察法。在1970年代修改宪法和加强权力下放之后,管理劳动检查问题的权限从联邦一级转移到共和国一级,1984年,波黑共和国通过了《职业安全法》,除其他外,该法律规定了劳动检查问题。这项法律于1990年被新的《职业安全法》所取代。在波黑独立后的现代时期,检验服务的组织通常由专门的检验法律来规范。目前,劳动监察问题由14个级别的政府规定。上述历史回顾突出了劳动监察在整个观察时期的连续性和具体发展。
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引用次数: 0
Transformational Leadership As a Prerequisite for Organizational Development in Public Administration 变革型领导:公共行政组织发展的先决条件
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2023.14.1.37
Merima Tanović, Đevad Šašić
Public sector organizations are an integral part of globally growing changing societies characterized by rapid technological and digital development. Digitization and external factors of constant pressure impose high standards for organizational performance, which does not exclude the public sector, which inevitably has to follow global and social realities. In this context, leadership is a key issue of organizational success and stabilizing influence on human resources that initiates and mobilizes forces for effective strategic development, whereby authentic leadership, innovative solutions and divergent thinking lead to constructivism in the public sector. The development of the concept of modern management of the public sector depends on the quality of work and organization, which is directly related to the degree of applied management patterns in public administration. Also, transformational leadership as a commitment and standard, along with the introduction of changes and knowledge management, becomes a reform opportunity for transitional societies and developing countries. After the acquisition of candidate status of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the process of joining the European Union, the professionalization of the civil service remains a reform priority in the field of human resource management, and this paper will focus on the advantages and reform significance of transformational leadership, introduction of changes and knowledge management in public administration.
公共部门组织是以快速的技术和数字发展为特征的全球不断增长的社会变化的组成部分。数字化和持续压力的外部因素对组织绩效提出了很高的标准,这并不排除公共部门,公共部门不可避免地必须遵循全球和社会现实。在这种情况下,领导力是组织成功和对人力资源产生稳定影响的关键问题,从而启动和调动有效战略发展的力量,从而真正的领导力、创新的解决办法和发散的思维导致公共部门的建构主义。公共部门现代管理理念的发展取决于工作和组织的质量,这直接关系到公共行政管理模式的应用程度。此外,变革型领导作为一种承诺和标准,随着变革和知识管理的引入,成为转型社会和发展中国家的改革机会。波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那在加入欧盟过程中获得候选国地位后,公务员职业化仍然是人力资源管理领域的改革重点,本文将重点讨论公共行政变革型领导、变革引入和知识管理的优势和改革意义。
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引用次数: 0
New Public Management as a Function of Local Government Efficiency 新公共管理对地方政府效率的作用
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2022.14.1.100
Suad Huskić, A. Šunje, Dženan Kulović
No abstract available.
没有摘要。
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引用次数: 0
Humanity and Civilization at a Historical Turning Point 历史转折点上的人类与文明
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2022.13.1.78
Almir Grabovica
Arne Johan Vetlesena and Rasmus Williga, “What should we answer to our children”, University of Sarajevo, translation from Norwegian: Prof. dr. RasimMuratović, 2020
Arne Johan Vetlesena和Rasmus Williga,“我们应该如何回答我们的孩子”,萨拉热窝大学,挪威语翻译:rasimmuratoviki教授博士,2020年
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引用次数: 0
Bosnia and Herzegovina in John Mearsheimer’s Concepts 约翰·米尔斯海默的《概念》中的波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2022.13.2.28
Hamza Memišević
Starting from the analysis of the texts of the American political scientist J. Mearsheimer created during the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina, the central theme of the paper is Mearsheimer's view on the Bosnian issue. The political-administrative organization of Bosnia and Herzegovina is still a relevant topic that takes the form of a permanent political crisis. The paper presents a synthesis of Mearsherimer's conceptions immanent in the theory of offensive realism, as well as a breakdown of post-Cold War political processes which, according to the principle of causality, can be viewed as a catalyst for the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina. Understanding the current dynamics of world political movements with an emphasis on Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the fundamental components of this work.
本文从分析美国政治学家米尔斯海默在侵略波黑期间创作的文本入手,以米尔斯海默对波黑问题的看法为中心主题。波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那的政治-行政组织仍然是一个以长期政治危机的形式出现的相关问题。本文综合了Mearsherimer在进攻性现实主义理论中所提出的概念,并分析了冷战后的政治进程,根据因果关系原则,这些政治进程可以被视为对波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那侵略的催化剂。了解以波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那为重点的世界政治运动的当前动态是这项工作的基本组成部分之一。
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引用次数: 0
Next Steps in Public Administration Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina 波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那公共行政改革的后续步骤
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2022.13.2.11
A. Arapović, Venan Hadžiselimović
Without public administration reform there is no continuation of European integration of B&H – while European integrations can only be executed by reformed, professional and depoliticized public administration. Since it is expected that Bosnia and Herzegovina will finally receive candidate status at the end of the current year, and that the process of EU integration will intensify, public administration reform will once again be one of the unavoidable reform areas. This study provides an overview of the strategic framework and scope of public administration reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last 18 years that the reform has been formally implemented, followed by a contextual and legislative analysis, critical points of the reform, and a package of recommendations, conclusions and topics for further research.
没有公共行政改革,B&H的欧洲一体化就不会继续下去,而欧洲一体化只能通过改革、专业化和非政治化的公共行政来实现。由于预计波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那将在今年年底最终获得候选国地位,而且欧盟一体化进程将会加强,因此公共行政改革将再次成为不可避免的改革领域之一。本研究报告概述了波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那在正式实施改革的过去18年中公共行政改革的战略框架和范围,随后进行了背景和立法分析、改革的关键点以及一套建议、结论和进一步研究的主题。
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引用次数: 0
Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth: The Case Of The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2022.13.2.39
Marija Galić, Elma Satrovic, Adnan Muslija, Melika Arifhodžić
The purpose of this paper is to explore whether or not fiscal policy can stimulate the economic activity in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For this purpose, the time-series data are collected in the period 2008-2014. The results suggest that a unit increase in revenue leads to a reduction in the gross domestic product in the long-run. Budgetary expenditures are found to stimulate gross domestic product only in initial period. However, results in the long-run are found to be negligible. Moreover, impulse-response function indicates there are many other determinants of gross domestic product in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina besides budgetary expenditures. Therefore, the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth is just partial. Hence, development policy based on budgetary expenditures will lead to only small increase in economic output.
本文的目的是探讨财政政策是否可以刺激波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那联邦的经济活动。为此,收集了2008-2014年的时间序列数据。结果表明,从长期来看,单位收入的增加会导致国内生产总值的减少。预算支出只能在初期刺激国内生产总值。然而,从长期来看,结果是可以忽略不计的。此外,脉冲反应函数表明,除了预算支出外,波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那联邦国内生产总值还有许多其他决定因素。因此,财政政策对经济增长的影响只是局部的。因此,以预算支出为基础的发展政策只会导致经济产出的小幅增长。
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引用次数: 0
Chaosology and Postmodern Research: A Contribution to the Development of New Methodological Directions 混沌学与后现代研究:对新方法论方向发展的贡献
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.53028/1986-6127.2022.13.2.73
Ermin Kuka
Aleksandar Halmi, "Contemporary approaches in the methodology of social sciences: Chaos and complexity theory: New methodological genres", 2nd amended and modified edition, Novi redak, Zagreb, 2022
Aleksandar Halmi,“社会科学方法论中的当代方法:混沌与复杂性理论:新的方法论流派”,第2修订版,萨格勒布,Novi reak, 2022
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Uprava
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