Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735400
D. Maji, Puneet Manocha, Soumen Das
Nichrome (Ni - Cr 80/20 wt. %) is one of the most widely used thin film material for the development of micro heaters in various applications. Present paper discusses the optimized sputtering conditions required for successful deposition of nichrome thin film and fabrication of microheaters over a biocompatible polymer PDMS, for biomedical application. Various sputtering conditions like the base vacuum, working pressure, sputtering power and time were standardized to obtain crack free nichrome thin film deposition over PDMS and glass surface. Microheaters were fabricated using the conventional photolithography technique and the resulting structures were used to measure temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of nichrome. Measured sheet resistance and TCR of the crack free deposited nichrome thin film over PDMS surface were 3.62 Ω/ and 713 ppm/°C respectively.
{"title":"Deposition and characterization of nichrome thin film over PDMS elastomer","authors":"D. Maji, Puneet Manocha, Soumen Das","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735400","url":null,"abstract":"Nichrome (Ni - Cr 80/20 wt. %) is one of the most widely used thin film material for the development of micro heaters in various applications. Present paper discusses the optimized sputtering conditions required for successful deposition of nichrome thin film and fabrication of microheaters over a biocompatible polymer PDMS, for biomedical application. Various sputtering conditions like the base vacuum, working pressure, sputtering power and time were standardized to obtain crack free nichrome thin film deposition over PDMS and glass surface. Microheaters were fabricated using the conventional photolithography technique and the resulting structures were used to measure temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of nichrome. Measured sheet resistance and TCR of the crack free deposited nichrome thin film over PDMS surface were 3.62 Ω/ and 713 ppm/°C respectively.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132604415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735333
S. Seal
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a critical role in many degenerative diseases and in aging. Nanomaterials, especially modified fullerenes and cerium oxide nanoparticles, have been shown to effectively protect mammalian cells against damage caused by increased reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, likely through their direct reaction with superoxide radical, since each of these materials has been shown to act as effective superoxide dismutase mimetics in vitro. The redox ability of rare earth oxides (ceria, lanthanides, etc) has been used in a wide range of applications such as three way catalysis, oxygen buffer systems, sensors and corrosion prevention. While these nanostructures have been widely used in many inorganic applications, their role in biology as catalyst is not explored. We have recently utilized nano cerium oxide's potential use in the treatment of disorders caused by the reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI). This presentation will provide a brief overview of the applications of nanoceria in treatment of disorders caused by ROS. The role of size and stability of ceria nanoparticles in toxicity analysis has also been explored. For various practical applications, synthesis of biocompatible and stable suspensions of nanoceria is essential. It was found that the redox kinetics of regenerative ceria nanoparticles can be controlled with the type of medium and their implications in nanobiomedicine is presented.
{"title":"Inorganic nanoparticles as antioxidants","authors":"S. Seal","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735333","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a critical role in many degenerative diseases and in aging. Nanomaterials, especially modified fullerenes and cerium oxide nanoparticles, have been shown to effectively protect mammalian cells against damage caused by increased reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, likely through their direct reaction with superoxide radical, since each of these materials has been shown to act as effective superoxide dismutase mimetics in vitro. The redox ability of rare earth oxides (ceria, lanthanides, etc) has been used in a wide range of applications such as three way catalysis, oxygen buffer systems, sensors and corrosion prevention. While these nanostructures have been widely used in many inorganic applications, their role in biology as catalyst is not explored. We have recently utilized nano cerium oxide's potential use in the treatment of disorders caused by the reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI). This presentation will provide a brief overview of the applications of nanoceria in treatment of disorders caused by ROS. The role of size and stability of ceria nanoparticles in toxicity analysis has also been explored. For various practical applications, synthesis of biocompatible and stable suspensions of nanoceria is essential. It was found that the redox kinetics of regenerative ceria nanoparticles can be controlled with the type of medium and their implications in nanobiomedicine is presented.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131533290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735345
Swati Banerjee, M. Mitra
In this paper, a novel methodology, based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is developed for extraction of characteristic features from twelve - lead Electrocardiogram recordings. The first step of this method is to denoise the signal using DWT technique. A multiresolution approach along with thresholding is used for the detection of R - Peaks in each cardiac beats. Followed, by this other fiducial points (Q and S) are detected and QRS onset and offset points are identified. Baseline is also detected and heights of R, Q, S waves are calculated. This, algorithm was validated using PTB diagnostic database giving a sensitivity of 99.6% and MITDB Arrhythmia, giving a sensitivity of 99.8%. The QRS vectors are calculated for normal and patients with Anteroseptal MI and a comparative study is presented. Accordingly, it has been found that classification of normal and AS MI is possible by computing the QRS vector. And a simple classification rule is established for this purpose.
{"title":"ECG feature extraction and classification of anteroseptal myocardial infarction and normal subjects using discrete wavelet transform","authors":"Swati Banerjee, M. Mitra","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735345","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel methodology, based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is developed for extraction of characteristic features from twelve - lead Electrocardiogram recordings. The first step of this method is to denoise the signal using DWT technique. A multiresolution approach along with thresholding is used for the detection of R - Peaks in each cardiac beats. Followed, by this other fiducial points (Q and S) are detected and QRS onset and offset points are identified. Baseline is also detected and heights of R, Q, S waves are calculated. This, algorithm was validated using PTB diagnostic database giving a sensitivity of 99.6% and MITDB Arrhythmia, giving a sensitivity of 99.8%. The QRS vectors are calculated for normal and patients with Anteroseptal MI and a comparative study is presented. Accordingly, it has been found that classification of normal and AS MI is possible by computing the QRS vector. And a simple classification rule is established for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130716185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735410
M. Chakraborty, B. Tudu
Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is the disorder of hormone insulin. Abnormal insulin action increases the free fatty acid pool and favours the formation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Increase in the level of LDL-C causes deposition of plaques in the vascular wall. This is responsible for vascular events like coronary vascular disease, peripheral vascular disease and neuropathies in T2DM patients. So, we need to monitor the levels of lipid profile of patients who are suffering from T2DM for long duration, to prevent them from peripheral as well as coronary vascular diseases. But a major part of the population of our country is below the poverty line and it is difficult for them to afford for the cost required for all these biochemical tests. In this paper, we presented two artificial neural network (ANN) based computational models: (1) back propagation-multilayer perceptron (BP-MLP) and (2) probabilistic neural network (PNN) for comparative study of prediction of LDL-C level. The predicted results were validated with clinical experimental results.
{"title":"Comparison of ANN models to predict LDL level in Diabetes Mellitus type 2","authors":"M. Chakraborty, B. Tudu","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735410","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is the disorder of hormone insulin. Abnormal insulin action increases the free fatty acid pool and favours the formation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Increase in the level of LDL-C causes deposition of plaques in the vascular wall. This is responsible for vascular events like coronary vascular disease, peripheral vascular disease and neuropathies in T2DM patients. So, we need to monitor the levels of lipid profile of patients who are suffering from T2DM for long duration, to prevent them from peripheral as well as coronary vascular diseases. But a major part of the population of our country is below the poverty line and it is difficult for them to afford for the cost required for all these biochemical tests. In this paper, we presented two artificial neural network (ANN) based computational models: (1) back propagation-multilayer perceptron (BP-MLP) and (2) probabilistic neural network (PNN) for comparative study of prediction of LDL-C level. The predicted results were validated with clinical experimental results.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128751300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735402
K. Dasgupta, A. Chanda, Abhirup Roy Choudhury, D. Nag
Stenoss is abnormal narrowing of blood vessels. The presence of stenosis in arteries may cause critical flow conditions depending upon their severity, and occurence which may lead to stroke and heart-attack. A clinical study is done on more than 130 patients along with 2D axisymmetric model of the carotid artery for computational study with same shapes for the same degrees of constrictions. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equation has been considered as the governing equation of the fluid flow and it has been solved with varying flow parameters using standard software package COMSOL. The radial velocity profiles at various points of the flow field, the centerline velocity plot and the centerline pressure plots have been obtained for clinical validation.
{"title":"Geometry & hemodynamics of arterial stenosis: A clinical and computational study","authors":"K. Dasgupta, A. Chanda, Abhirup Roy Choudhury, D. Nag","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735402","url":null,"abstract":"Stenoss is abnormal narrowing of blood vessels. The presence of stenosis in arteries may cause critical flow conditions depending upon their severity, and occurence which may lead to stroke and heart-attack. A clinical study is done on more than 130 patients along with 2D axisymmetric model of the carotid artery for computational study with same shapes for the same degrees of constrictions. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equation has been considered as the governing equation of the fluid flow and it has been solved with varying flow parameters using standard software package COMSOL. The radial velocity profiles at various points of the flow field, the centerline velocity plot and the centerline pressure plots have been obtained for clinical validation.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127217635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735365
R. Das, Vikram Venkatraghavan, D. Sheet, C. Chakraborty, A. Ray, J. Chatterjee, M. Pal, R. Paul
Late-diagnosis of malignant potentiality of oral precancers like Oral Sub-mucous Fibrosis (OSF) contributes towards high mortality of oral cancer patients. Current study intends to differentiate Normal Oral Mucosa (NOM) from OSF stages in terms of expression of a prime candidate gene (p63), correlated with epithelial proliferation and maturation, for better assessment of malignant potentiality of the pre-cancer. Fifty three oral biopsies (i.e. 8 NOM, 45 OSF patients with and without dysplasia) were histopathologically evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, whereas, p63+ nuclei were identified immunohistochemically. The differences in cellular arrangement, especially in epithelial basal layer of diseased epithelium were observed. In respect to p63 expression the percentage of nuclei positive to this molecule and their size were studied. The p63 expression was higher in dysplastic epithelium and distribution of p63+ cells and their nuclear shape features demonstrated remarkable differences between NOM and OSF stages.
{"title":"Evaluation of p63 expression in Oral Sub-mucous Fibrosis","authors":"R. Das, Vikram Venkatraghavan, D. Sheet, C. Chakraborty, A. Ray, J. Chatterjee, M. Pal, R. Paul","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735365","url":null,"abstract":"Late-diagnosis of malignant potentiality of oral precancers like Oral Sub-mucous Fibrosis (OSF) contributes towards high mortality of oral cancer patients. Current study intends to differentiate Normal Oral Mucosa (NOM) from OSF stages in terms of expression of a prime candidate gene (p63), correlated with epithelial proliferation and maturation, for better assessment of malignant potentiality of the pre-cancer. Fifty three oral biopsies (i.e. 8 NOM, 45 OSF patients with and without dysplasia) were histopathologically evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, whereas, p63+ nuclei were identified immunohistochemically. The differences in cellular arrangement, especially in epithelial basal layer of diseased epithelium were observed. In respect to p63 expression the percentage of nuclei positive to this molecule and their size were studied. The p63 expression was higher in dysplastic epithelium and distribution of p63+ cells and their nuclear shape features demonstrated remarkable differences between NOM and OSF stages.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115362584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735335
M. Bharadwaj, Showket Hussain, N. Thakur
Cervical cancer is multi-factorial disease comprising both genetic and environmental components. Human papillomavirus is considered to be a major etiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. HPV type 16 is the most prevalent HPV accounting for more than 70% of cervical cancer cases in India, followed by HPV type 18 and other high-risk types. However, an infection with HPV is essential but it is not sufficient for the development of cervical cancer, which implies the involvement of host genetic factors. The primary cause in the development and progression of cervical neoplasia has been shown to be dependent on a series of cellular genetic and epigenetic events including mutation, deletion, polymorphism and or methylation of various tumor suppressor genes, checkpoint genes of cell cycle machinery etc. Little is known about whether genetic variation in tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory genes among Indian women associate with susceptibility to cervical cancer. We showed that promoter region of tumor suppressor genes FHIT and RASSF1A were aberrantly methylated in 28.3% and 35.0% respectively in cancer cases but both genes were methylated for 13.3% cases only. We identified a novel mutation at nucleotide position 655, at codon 98 from CAT→CGT with ultimate replacement of amino acid Histidine by Arginine in cervical cancer cases. Molecular modeling was performed to predict the effect of this mutation in disease pathology. We predict that this change, His to Arg substitution in substrate binding domain may generate catalytically inactive protein with loss of tumor suppressor activity. We also showed a novel association of cell cycle regulatory gene, cyclin D1 (CCND1) variation with cervical cancer cases in Indians. Strong evidence of CCND1G870A as risk factor and G1722C as protective factor for cervical cancer was observed. Therefore, presently studies are underway to examine the practical implications of these findings. This would give us important insights into genetic predisposition to cervical cancer in our population.
{"title":"Genetic basis of HPV mediated cervical cancer in Indian women","authors":"M. Bharadwaj, Showket Hussain, N. Thakur","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735335","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer is multi-factorial disease comprising both genetic and environmental components. Human papillomavirus is considered to be a major etiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. HPV type 16 is the most prevalent HPV accounting for more than 70% of cervical cancer cases in India, followed by HPV type 18 and other high-risk types. However, an infection with HPV is essential but it is not sufficient for the development of cervical cancer, which implies the involvement of host genetic factors. The primary cause in the development and progression of cervical neoplasia has been shown to be dependent on a series of cellular genetic and epigenetic events including mutation, deletion, polymorphism and or methylation of various tumor suppressor genes, checkpoint genes of cell cycle machinery etc. Little is known about whether genetic variation in tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory genes among Indian women associate with susceptibility to cervical cancer. We showed that promoter region of tumor suppressor genes FHIT and RASSF1A were aberrantly methylated in 28.3% and 35.0% respectively in cancer cases but both genes were methylated for 13.3% cases only. We identified a novel mutation at nucleotide position 655, at codon 98 from CAT→CGT with ultimate replacement of amino acid Histidine by Arginine in cervical cancer cases. Molecular modeling was performed to predict the effect of this mutation in disease pathology. We predict that this change, His to Arg substitution in substrate binding domain may generate catalytically inactive protein with loss of tumor suppressor activity. We also showed a novel association of cell cycle regulatory gene, cyclin D1 (CCND1) variation with cervical cancer cases in Indians. Strong evidence of CCND1G870A as risk factor and G1722C as protective factor for cervical cancer was observed. Therefore, presently studies are underway to examine the practical implications of these findings. This would give us important insights into genetic predisposition to cervical cancer in our population.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122869310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735380
D. Das, M. Ghosh, C. Chakraborty, Mallika Pal, A. Maity
Erythrocyte shape recognition is very important in the detection of thalassemia and anemia using microscopic images. This study aims to develop a computer aided shape recognizer for the recognition of abnormal shapes viz., tear drop, echinocyte, eliptocyte. Here such recognition is done using Hu's moments and other geometric features followed by gray level thresholding and marker controlled watershed segmentation. These features are statistically evaluated to show their significant in discriminating the mentioned abnormal and normal shapes. In the result, it is found that six moment based features are significant.
{"title":"Invariant moment based feature analysis for abnormal erythrocyte recognition","authors":"D. Das, M. Ghosh, C. Chakraborty, Mallika Pal, A. Maity","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735380","url":null,"abstract":"Erythrocyte shape recognition is very important in the detection of thalassemia and anemia using microscopic images. This study aims to develop a computer aided shape recognizer for the recognition of abnormal shapes viz., tear drop, echinocyte, eliptocyte. Here such recognition is done using Hu's moments and other geometric features followed by gray level thresholding and marker controlled watershed segmentation. These features are statistically evaluated to show their significant in discriminating the mentioned abnormal and normal shapes. In the result, it is found that six moment based features are significant.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124825534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735418
K. Pramanik, N. Panda, J. Satapathy, A. Biswas
Drug metabolism is an important aspect for the study of toxic effect in human being. However, the occurrence of several regulatory issues and high cost involved in experimental study on drug metabolism, restrict the study using human as a model system. Keeping this in view, in the present study, the fungus Aspergillus niser was chosen as a model organism for the study of Clemastine metabolism as it is cheap and expresses several mammalian enzymes. The metabolism study was performed using Aspergillus niser and human and a comparative study has been done. The experimental result has established that Aspergillus niser can be a potential organism for drug metabolism study. Further, HPLC was found to be an effective analytical tool for the characterization of metabolites produced by the enzymatic reaction.
{"title":"Aspergillus niser for the study of in vitro drug metabolism","authors":"K. Pramanik, N. Panda, J. Satapathy, A. Biswas","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735418","url":null,"abstract":"Drug metabolism is an important aspect for the study of toxic effect in human being. However, the occurrence of several regulatory issues and high cost involved in experimental study on drug metabolism, restrict the study using human as a model system. Keeping this in view, in the present study, the fungus Aspergillus niser was chosen as a model organism for the study of Clemastine metabolism as it is cheap and expresses several mammalian enzymes. The metabolism study was performed using Aspergillus niser and human and a comparative study has been done. The experimental result has established that Aspergillus niser can be a potential organism for drug metabolism study. Further, HPLC was found to be an effective analytical tool for the characterization of metabolites produced by the enzymatic reaction.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127626490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735417
H. Ramezanpour, Navid Barati, G. Darmani, Hosein Farrokhbakht
In this paper, we introduce an effective scheme for reducing noise level in mammography images by adaptive filters. The scheme proposed includes finding the best weight vector with least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm and then apply it to images. The effectiveness and less computational time required of the algorithm, are the main advantages which are not seen in mammography image enhancement literature together yet. Finally one example is brought to show the effectiveness of proposed scheme.
{"title":"Application of adaptive filters in noise reduction in mammography images","authors":"H. Ramezanpour, Navid Barati, G. Darmani, Hosein Farrokhbakht","doi":"10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMB.2010.5735417","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we introduce an effective scheme for reducing noise level in mammography images by adaptive filters. The scheme proposed includes finding the best weight vector with least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm and then apply it to images. The effectiveness and less computational time required of the algorithm, are the main advantages which are not seen in mammography image enhancement literature together yet. Finally one example is brought to show the effectiveness of proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":297136,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121556227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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