Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100178
Zihan Fu , Pingfeng Yu , Mengyao Wang , Lu Zhang , Ying Li , Cong Lyu
Waterborne viruses have caused outbreaks of related diseases and threaten human health, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), as clean and efficient technologies, have received widespread attention for their excellent performance in inactivating viruses. However, heterogeneity in susceptibility of structurally distinct viruses to various reactive oxygen species (ROS) is unclear. This study first measured the heterogeneity in inactivation kinetics and biological mechanisms of four typical viral surrogates (MS2, phi6, phix174, and T4) to various ROS by visible light catalysis. Notably, the second-order inactivation rate constants of four viruses by hydroxyl radicals (·OH), singlet oxygen (1O2), and superoxide radicals (·O2−) were quite different: 109–1010, 107–108, and about 105 M−1 s−1, respectively. The susceptibility of four viruses to ROS varied significantly, in the order of phi6 > MS2 > phix174 > T4. More importantly, 1O2 can better oxidize capsid proteins. ·O2−-induced RNA damage was significantly greater than that to the DNA genome, indicating that RNA viruses are more susceptible. ·OH can strongly inactivate the four structurally distinct viruses. Furthermore, the resistance of the ROS-inactivated virus to environmental interference was assessed in detail. This study advanced the understanding of heterogeneity in susceptibility of structurally distinct viruses to various ROS and provided a valuable theoretical basis for the application of AOPs in water disinfection.
{"title":"Heterogeneity in susceptibility of viruses with different structures to various reactive oxygen species: Kinetics and biological mechanisms","authors":"Zihan Fu , Pingfeng Yu , Mengyao Wang , Lu Zhang , Ying Li , Cong Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterborne viruses have caused outbreaks of related diseases and threaten human health, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), as clean and efficient technologies, have received widespread attention for their excellent performance in inactivating viruses. However, heterogeneity in susceptibility of structurally distinct viruses to various reactive oxygen species (ROS) is unclear. This study first measured the heterogeneity in inactivation kinetics and biological mechanisms of four typical viral surrogates (MS2, phi6, phix174, and T4) to various ROS by visible light catalysis. Notably, the second-order inactivation rate constants of four viruses by hydroxyl radicals (·OH), singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>), and superoxide radicals (·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) were quite different: 10<sup>9</sup>–10<sup>10</sup>, 10<sup>7</sup>–10<sup>8</sup>, and about 10<sup>5</sup> M<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The susceptibility of four viruses to ROS varied significantly, in the order of phi6 > MS2 > phix174 > T4. More importantly, <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> can better oxidize capsid proteins. ·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>-induced RNA damage was significantly greater than that to the DNA genome, indicating that RNA viruses are more susceptible. ·OH can strongly inactivate the four structurally distinct viruses. Furthermore, the resistance of the ROS-inactivated virus to environmental interference was assessed in detail. This study advanced the understanding of heterogeneity in susceptibility of structurally distinct viruses to various ROS and provided a valuable theoretical basis for the application of AOPs in water disinfection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100176
Xiangyu Kong , Lufeng Chen , Yongguang Yin , Yong Cai , Yanbin Li
{"title":"Mitigating eutrophication may elevate neurotoxic mercury risks in global coastal ecosystems","authors":"Xiangyu Kong , Lufeng Chen , Yongguang Yin , Yong Cai , Yanbin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100174
Liyun Yin , Zhuomiao Liu , Jian Zhao , Shu Chen , Xiaochuan Wang , Zhenyu Wang
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) accumulate in marine sediments and exhibit adverse effects on benthic organisms. However, the effect of ENPs on marine benthic food chains is largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the trophic transfer and transformation of CeO2 ENPs within a simulated marine benthic food chain from clamworm (Perinereis aibuhitensis) to turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), as well as their effects on fish flesh quality. The results showed that Ce contents in turbot increased with the accumulation of CeO2 ENPs in clamworm, but no biomagnification of CeO2 ENPs occurred along this food chain. During trophic transfer, CeO2 ENPs in turbot experienced transformation from Ce(IV) to Ce(III). Importantly, CeO2 ENPs accumulated in the muscle of turbot and decreased the crude protein, total amino acid, and delicious amino acid contents, as well as the texture of the muscle. CeO2 ENPs induced the deterioration of flesh quality, which was mainly related to metabolism in muscle and intestinal disorders caused by oxidative stress. Specifically, CeO2 ENPs increased the relative abundance of Stenotrophomonas and Vibrio in the turbot intestine, while decreasing those of Lactobacillus, Bacillus, and Acinetobacter. Significant disturbances in purine and amino acid (aspartate, glutamate, glycine, etc.) metabolism in muscle were induced by CeO2 ENPs. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that microbiota dysbiosis was highly correlated with muscle metabolic dysfunction. Our study provides insights into the transfer and transformation of CeO2 ENPs and their interference with fish flesh quality via the gut–muscle axis, providing useful information on assessing ecological risk and food safety in marine environments.
{"title":"Trophic transfer of CeO2 nanoparticles from clamworm to juvenile turbot and related changes in fish flesh quality","authors":"Liyun Yin , Zhuomiao Liu , Jian Zhao , Shu Chen , Xiaochuan Wang , Zhenyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) accumulate in marine sediments and exhibit adverse effects on benthic organisms. However, the effect of ENPs on marine benthic food chains is largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the trophic transfer and transformation of CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs within a simulated marine benthic food chain from clamworm (<em>Perinereis aibuhitensis</em>) to turbot (<em>Scophthalmus maximus</em>), as well as their effects on fish flesh quality. The results showed that Ce contents in turbot increased with the accumulation of CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs in clamworm, but no biomagnification of CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs occurred along this food chain. During trophic transfer, CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs in turbot experienced transformation from Ce(IV) to Ce(III). Importantly, CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs accumulated in the muscle of turbot and decreased the crude protein, total amino acid, and delicious amino acid contents, as well as the texture of the muscle. CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs induced the deterioration of flesh quality, which was mainly related to metabolism in muscle and intestinal disorders caused by oxidative stress. Specifically, CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs increased the relative abundance of <em>Stenotrophomonas</em> and <em>Vibrio</em> in the turbot intestine<em>,</em> while decreasing those of <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, and <em>Acinetobacter</em>. Significant disturbances in purine and amino acid (aspartate, glutamate, glycine, etc.) metabolism in muscle were induced by CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that microbiota dysbiosis was highly correlated with muscle metabolic dysfunction. Our study provides insights into the transfer and transformation of CeO<sub>2</sub> ENPs and their interference with fish flesh quality via the gut–muscle axis, providing useful information on assessing ecological risk and food safety in marine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-24eCollection Date: 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100171
Shengchun Qi, Shuyan Wang, Yu Xia, Songcan Chen, Huijie Lu
Soils are important reservoirs of human pathogenic bacteria that can spread to humans through various pathways. Metagenomics enables high-throughput pathogen identification by mapping sequencing reads to known pathogen genomes. However, this approach has several limitations, e.g., sequence assembly is time-consuming, and reliance on reference databases may overlook potential pathogens lacking close genomic matches. Here, we developed a novel, virulence factor (VF) based machine learning method using the K-Nearest Neighbors model (VF-KNN) for identifying human pathogenic bacteria from soil metagenomes. Through learning the VF features of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, VF-KNN could achieve the desired performance in soil pathogen identification (AUC: 0.95, Accuracy: 0.85). Model prediction accuracy (0.95) was further validated using 61 pathogenic strains isolated from soil. For the top 15 most frequent soil pathogens, the prediction accuracy was >0.90 at 0.4X-1.0X genome coverage. VFs contributing significantly to pathogen identification were associated with regulation, effector delivery, motility, etc. By using VF-KNN, the averaged abundance of total potential pathogens in topsoils across China was 0.44% (n = 336), predominantly concentrated in the eastern coastal provinces. Compared with the conventional method based on a predefined pathogen list, VF-KNN identified 28% more potential pathogenic species, including some newly reported but not in the predefined list (e.g., Mycolicibacterium cosmeticum). Agricultural land exhibited significantly higher pathogen abundance and diversity than the other land types. This newly developed VF-KNN method is applicable for pathogen identification in broader environments.
{"title":"Identification of human pathogens in soil by virulence gene-based machine learning method.","authors":"Shengchun Qi, Shuyan Wang, Yu Xia, Songcan Chen, Huijie Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soils are important reservoirs of human pathogenic bacteria that can spread to humans through various pathways. Metagenomics enables high-throughput pathogen identification by mapping sequencing reads to known pathogen genomes. However, this approach has several limitations, e.g., sequence assembly is time-consuming, and reliance on reference databases may overlook potential pathogens lacking close genomic matches. Here, we developed a novel, virulence factor (VF) based machine learning method using the K-Nearest Neighbors model (VF-KNN) for identifying human pathogenic bacteria from soil metagenomes. Through learning the VF features of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, VF-KNN could achieve the desired performance in soil pathogen identification (AUC: 0.95, Accuracy: 0.85). Model prediction accuracy (0.95) was further validated using 61 pathogenic strains isolated from soil. For the top 15 most frequent soil pathogens, the prediction accuracy was >0.90 at 0.4X-1.0X genome coverage. VFs contributing significantly to pathogen identification were associated with regulation, effector delivery, motility, etc. By using VF-KNN, the averaged abundance of total potential pathogens in topsoils across China was 0.44% (<i>n</i> = 336), predominantly concentrated in the eastern coastal provinces. Compared with the conventional method based on a predefined pathogen list, VF-KNN identified 28% more potential pathogenic species, including some newly reported but not in the predefined list (e.g., <i>Mycolicibacterium cosmeticum</i>). Agricultural land exhibited significantly higher pathogen abundance and diversity than the other land types. This newly developed VF-KNN method is applicable for pathogen identification in broader environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"100171"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100172
Wanchao Song, Mengxuan Wang, Hua Zou, Guoshuai Liu
Electrocatalytic denitrification (ECDN) offers a sustainable prospect by enabling efficient NO3− conversion to harmless N2. However, the N2-selective ECDN remains challenging due to the sluggish kinetics of N–N coupling during NO3− reduction. Here, we developed a novel electrocatalyst of dual single-atomic sites on double-shelled mesoporous carbon spheres (FeNC@MgNC-DMCS) using a continuous sequential modular assembly and pyrolysis approach. The outer Mg–N4 shell creates medium basicity sites that function as the proton fence, which optimizes the spatial distribution of H∗ species and suppresses ∗N protonation pathways that would otherwise lead to ammonia formation. Concurrently, the inner Fe–N4 shell promotes N–N coupling for N2 production. 92.8% NO3− removal and 95.2% N2 selectivity was achieved by the optimized FeNC@MgNC-DMCS catalyst. Furthermore, long-term flow cell testing demonstrated remarkable durability, highlighting the practical potential of FeNC@MgNC-DMCS for sustainable wastewater treatment applications. This work introduces a catalyst design paradigm that integrates a proton-repelling interface to decouple H∗ availability from N2 formation pathways, thereby enabling the development of high-performance ECDN catalysts with balanced activity and selectivity for environmental remediation applications.
{"title":"Selective electrocatalytic denitrification to N2 via dual single-atomic sites on double-shelled mesoporous carbon spheres","authors":"Wanchao Song, Mengxuan Wang, Hua Zou, Guoshuai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic denitrification (ECDN) offers a sustainable prospect by enabling efficient NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> conversion to harmless N<sub>2</sub>. However, the N<sub>2</sub>-selective ECDN remains challenging due to the sluggish kinetics of N–N coupling during NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> reduction. Here, we developed a novel electrocatalyst of dual single-atomic sites on double-shelled mesoporous carbon spheres (FeNC@MgNC-DMCS) using a continuous sequential modular assembly and pyrolysis approach. The outer Mg–N<sub>4</sub> shell creates medium basicity sites that function as the proton fence, which optimizes the spatial distribution of H∗ species and suppresses ∗N protonation pathways that would otherwise lead to ammonia formation. Concurrently, the inner Fe–N<sub>4</sub> shell promotes N–N coupling for N<sub>2</sub> production. 92.8% NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> removal and 95.2% N<sub>2</sub> selectivity was achieved by the optimized FeNC@MgNC-DMCS catalyst. Furthermore, long-term flow cell testing demonstrated remarkable durability, highlighting the practical potential of FeNC@MgNC-DMCS for sustainable wastewater treatment applications. This work introduces a catalyst design paradigm that integrates a proton-repelling interface to decouple H∗ availability from N<sub>2</sub> formation pathways, thereby enabling the development of high-performance ECDN catalysts with balanced activity and selectivity for environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-09DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100170
Jiaxin Chen , Chang Xu , Su Shi , Xinyue Li , Yichen Jiang , Xinling He , Weiran Sun , Sijin Liu , Haidong Kan , Xia Meng
Few studies have predicted indoor ozone (O3) levels using machine learning methods. This study aimed to predict hourly indoor O3 concentrations using easily accessible predictors and a machine learning algorithm. We took measurements of indoor O3 concentrations based on low-cost sensors in 18 cities in China, along with ambient O3 concentration, meteorological factors, and a binary window status indicator as a proxy for ventilation behaviour, to establish random forest models. The results showed that including window status as a predictor improved model performance, with the cross-validation R2 increasing from 0.80 to 0.83 and the root mean square error (RMSE) decreasing from 7.89 to 7.21 ppb, highlighting the importance of considering ventilation behavior in enhancing model accuracy. The model also effectively captured hourly variations in indoor O3, revealing that indoor O3 concentrations were consistently lower and more stable than outdoor levels. These differences suggest that relying solely on ambient data may misrepresent true personal exposure, underscoring the need to incorporate indoor exposure in assessments. This is the first study to apply easily accessible variables and machine learning methods for indoor O3 prediction at a large geographic spatial scale, showing promising potential for improving the accuracy of exposure assessments in epidemiological studies.
{"title":"Predicting hourly indoor ozone concentrations with sensor-based measurements and easily accessible predictors","authors":"Jiaxin Chen , Chang Xu , Su Shi , Xinyue Li , Yichen Jiang , Xinling He , Weiran Sun , Sijin Liu , Haidong Kan , Xia Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Few studies have predicted indoor ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) levels using machine learning methods. This study aimed to predict hourly indoor O<sub>3</sub> concentrations using easily accessible predictors and a machine learning algorithm. We took measurements of indoor O<sub>3</sub> concentrations based on low-cost sensors in 18 cities in China, along with ambient O<sub>3</sub> concentration, meteorological factors, and a binary window status indicator as a proxy for ventilation behaviour, to establish random forest models. The results showed that including window status as a predictor improved model performance, with the cross-validation R<sup>2</sup> increasing from 0.80 to 0.83 and the root mean square error (RMSE) decreasing from 7.89 to 7.21 ppb, highlighting the importance of considering ventilation behavior in enhancing model accuracy. The model also effectively captured hourly variations in indoor O<sub>3</sub>, revealing that indoor O<sub>3</sub> concentrations were consistently lower and more stable than outdoor levels. These differences suggest that relying solely on ambient data may misrepresent true personal exposure, underscoring the need to incorporate indoor exposure in assessments. This is the first study to apply easily accessible variables and machine learning methods for indoor O<sub>3</sub> prediction at a large geographic spatial scale, showing promising potential for improving the accuracy of exposure assessments in epidemiological studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-04DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100169
Ruijun Xu , Yi Zheng , Jing Wei , Sirong Wang , Qi Chen , Lu Luo , Yingxin Li , Likun Liu , Xiaohong Jia , Jingxiao Shang , Rui Wang , Qinqin Jiang , Suli Huang , Ziquan Lv , Chunxiang Shi , Gongbo Chen , Yun Zhou , Weiqing Chen , Hong Sun , Yuewei Liu
Emerging evidence suggests that heat waves and ozone (O3) contribute to increased mortality risks. Since widowhood is a common event that can increase individuals' susceptibility to the environment, it is of great importance and interest to elucidate the widowhood disparity in mortality attributable to heat waves and O3. We therefore conducted a case-crossover study of 1,214,763 nonaccidental deaths in Jiangsu Province, China, during 2015–2021 to investigate the independent and interactive associations of exposure to heat waves and O3 with mortality by widowhood status. Grid-level heat waves were defined by multiple combinations of apparent temperature thresholds and durations. Residential heat waves and O3 exposures were assessed using validated grid datasets. Conditional logistic regression models were applied for exposure-response analyses and evaluations of additive interactions. Exposure to heat waves and O3 was significantly associated with increased odds of mortality in both widowed (odds ratio for heat waves, 1.25; O3, 1.06 per interquartile range increase) and married subjects (1.08; 1.03), and these associations were higher in widowed subjects. A significant synergistic interaction was observed between heat waves and O3, which was stronger in widowed subjects (relative excess odds due to interaction, 0.14 vs. 0.03). Up to 6.43% and 3.56% of deaths were attributable to heat waves, O3 pollution, and their compound events in widowed and married subjects, respectively. Our findings suggest that widowed individuals are more susceptible to heat waves and O3 and highlight the need to consider differences associated with widowhood disparities in preventing premature deaths due to heat waves and O3 exposures.
{"title":"Widowhood disparities in nonaccidental mortality attributable to heat waves and ozone","authors":"Ruijun Xu , Yi Zheng , Jing Wei , Sirong Wang , Qi Chen , Lu Luo , Yingxin Li , Likun Liu , Xiaohong Jia , Jingxiao Shang , Rui Wang , Qinqin Jiang , Suli Huang , Ziquan Lv , Chunxiang Shi , Gongbo Chen , Yun Zhou , Weiqing Chen , Hong Sun , Yuewei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging evidence suggests that heat waves and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) contribute to increased mortality risks. Since widowhood is a common event that can increase individuals' susceptibility to the environment, it is of great importance and interest to elucidate the widowhood disparity in mortality attributable to heat waves and O<sub>3</sub>. We therefore conducted a case-crossover study of 1,214,763 nonaccidental deaths in Jiangsu Province, China, during 2015–2021 to investigate the independent and interactive associations of exposure to heat waves and O<sub>3</sub> with mortality by widowhood status. Grid-level heat waves were defined by multiple combinations of apparent temperature thresholds and durations. Residential heat waves and O<sub>3</sub> exposures were assessed using validated grid datasets. Conditional logistic regression models were applied for exposure-response analyses and evaluations of additive interactions. Exposure to heat waves and O<sub>3</sub> was significantly associated with increased odds of mortality in both widowed (odds ratio for heat waves, 1.25; O<sub>3</sub>, 1.06 per interquartile range increase) and married subjects (1.08; 1.03), and these associations were higher in widowed subjects. A significant synergistic interaction was observed between heat waves and O<sub>3</sub>, which was stronger in widowed subjects (relative excess odds due to interaction, 0.14 vs. 0.03). Up to 6.43% and 3.56% of deaths were attributable to heat waves, O<sub>3</sub> pollution, and their compound events in widowed and married subjects, respectively. Our findings suggest that widowed individuals are more susceptible to heat waves and O<sub>3</sub> and highlight the need to consider differences associated with widowhood disparities in preventing premature deaths due to heat waves and O<sub>3</sub> exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-27DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100168
Xia Zhu , Huili Yan , Chen Tu , Ruijie Li , Han Zhang , Yuan Li , Shuai Yang , Fangjie Zhao , Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg , Mi Ma , Zhenyan He , Yongming Luo
Arsenic (As) contamination in paddy soils is a global problem, threatening rice production and food safety. Hyperaccumulator plants have garnered significant attention for their potential to remove pollutants from contaminated soil. However, no natural hyperaccumulators have been found for the phytoremediation of As-contaminated paddy soils under flooding conditions. One promising strategy is to genetically engineer Oryza sativa (rice) to hyperaccumulate As for effective phytoremediation of paddy soil. A key challenge remains in increasing metal accumulation without compromising tolerance. Here, PvACR3 from the As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata was introduced under the control of a rice root-specific promoter pLsi1 to create high-As-accumulating and tolerant transgenic remediation rice. The remediation rice strains exhibited robust growth, with shoot As concentration reaching up to 451–557 mg/kg in a hydroponic experiment with 20 μM NaAsO2 treatment, and 45.9–80.3 mg/kg in pot experiments with moderately As-contaminated paddy soils. Compared to wild-type rice, the pLsi1::PvACR3 transgenic rice removed 23.5 times more As from the same paddy soils. By harvesting rice shoots before grain filling, the soil pore water As was almost completely depleted, and the acid-soluble and reducible fractions of As were significantly reduced. This study presents the first transgenic remediation rice characterized by high As accumulation, tolerance, and adaptability to paddy soils under flooding conditions for effective phytoremediation.
{"title":"Promoter pLsi1 driven PvACR3 expression in rice enhances arsenic phytoextraction in paddy soils","authors":"Xia Zhu , Huili Yan , Chen Tu , Ruijie Li , Han Zhang , Yuan Li , Shuai Yang , Fangjie Zhao , Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg , Mi Ma , Zhenyan He , Yongming Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic (As) contamination in paddy soils is a global problem, threatening rice production and food safety. Hyperaccumulator plants have garnered significant attention for their potential to remove pollutants from contaminated soil. However, no natural hyperaccumulators have been found for the phytoremediation of As-contaminated paddy soils under flooding conditions. One promising strategy is to genetically engineer <em>Oryza sativa</em> (rice) to hyperaccumulate As for effective phytoremediation of paddy soil. A key challenge remains in increasing metal accumulation without compromising tolerance. Here, <em>PvACR3</em> from the As hyperaccumulator <em>Pteris vittata</em> was introduced under the control of a rice root-specific promoter <em>pLsi1</em> to create high-As-accumulating and tolerant transgenic remediation rice. The remediation rice strains exhibited robust growth, with shoot As concentration reaching up to 451–557 mg/kg in a hydroponic experiment with 20 μM NaAsO<sub>2</sub> treatment, and 45.9–80.3 mg/kg in pot experiments with moderately As-contaminated paddy soils. Compared to wild-type rice, the <em>pLsi1::PvACR3</em> transgenic rice removed 23.5 times more As from the same paddy soils. By harvesting rice shoots before grain filling, the soil pore water As was almost completely depleted, and the acid-soluble and reducible fractions of As were significantly reduced. This study presents the first transgenic remediation rice characterized by high As accumulation, tolerance, and adaptability to paddy soils under flooding conditions for effective phytoremediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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