Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2024.01.001
Hang Yang , Qi Feng , Weixiang Xu , Yadong Tang , Guoliang Bai , Yunli Liu , Zisen Liu , Shibin Xia , Zhenbin Wu , Yi Zhang
Nuclear isotopes, distinct atoms characterized by varying neutron counts, have profoundly influenced a myriad of sectors, spanning from medical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions to energy production and defense strategies. Their multifaceted applications have been celebrated for catalyzing revolutionary breakthroughs, yet these advancements simultaneously introduce intricate challenges that warrant thorough investigation. These challenges encompass safety protocols, potential environmental detriments, and the complex geopolitical landscape surrounding nuclear proliferation and disarmament. This comprehensive review embarks on a deep exploration of nuclear isotopes, elucidating their nuanced classifications, wide-ranging applications, intricate governing policies, and the multifaceted impacts of their unintended emissions or leaks. Furthermore, the study meticulously examines the cutting-edge remediation techniques currently employed to counteract nuclear contamination while projecting future innovations in this domain. By weaving together historical context, current applications, and forward-looking perspectives, this review offers a panoramic view of the nuclear isotope landscape. In conclusion, the significance of nuclear isotopes cannot be understated. As we stand at the crossroads of technological advancement and ethical responsibility, this review underscores the paramount importance of harnessing nuclear isotopes' potential in a manner that prioritizes safety, sustainability, and the greater good of humanity.
{"title":"Unraveling the nuclear isotope tapestry: Applications, challenges, and future horizons in a dynamic landscape","authors":"Hang Yang , Qi Feng , Weixiang Xu , Yadong Tang , Guoliang Bai , Yunli Liu , Zisen Liu , Shibin Xia , Zhenbin Wu , Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear isotopes, distinct atoms characterized by varying neutron counts, have profoundly influenced a myriad of sectors, spanning from medical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions to energy production and defense strategies. Their multifaceted applications have been celebrated for catalyzing revolutionary breakthroughs, yet these advancements simultaneously introduce intricate challenges that warrant thorough investigation. These challenges encompass safety protocols, potential environmental detriments, and the complex geopolitical landscape surrounding nuclear proliferation and disarmament. This comprehensive review embarks on a deep exploration of nuclear isotopes, elucidating their nuanced classifications, wide-ranging applications, intricate governing policies, and the multifaceted impacts of their unintended emissions or leaks. Furthermore, the study meticulously examines the cutting-edge remediation techniques currently employed to counteract nuclear contamination while projecting future innovations in this domain. By weaving together historical context, current applications, and forward-looking perspectives, this review offers a panoramic view of the nuclear isotope landscape. In conclusion, the significance of nuclear isotopes cannot be understated. As we stand at the crossroads of technological advancement and ethical responsibility, this review underscores the paramount importance of harnessing nuclear isotopes' potential in a manner that prioritizes safety, sustainability, and the greater good of humanity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985024000024/pdfft?md5=d28a5234f02e076e20021e0d0f23a407&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985024000024-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003
Zibo Xu , Daniel C.W. Tsang
Soil, the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, is central to climate change and relevant feedback to environmental health. Minerals are the essential components that contribute to over 60% of soil carbon storage. However, how the interactions between minerals and organic carbon shape the carbon transformation and stability remains poorly understood. Herein, we critically review the primary interactions between organic carbon and soil minerals and the relevant mechanisms, including sorption, redox reaction, co-precipitation, dissolution, polymerization, and catalytic reaction. These interactions, highly complex with the combination of multiple processes, greatly affect the stability of organic carbon through the following processes: (1) formation or deconstruction of the mineral–organic carbon association; (2) oxidative transformation of the organic carbon with minerals; (3) catalytic polymerization of organic carbon with minerals; and (4) varying association stability of organic carbon according to the mineral transformation. Several pieces of evidence related to the carbon turnover and stability during the interaction with soil minerals in the real eco-environment are then demonstrated. We also highlight the current research gaps and outline research priorities, which may map future directions for a deeper mechanisms-based understanding of the soil carbon storage capacity considering its interactions with minerals.
{"title":"Mineral-mediated stability of organic carbon in soil and relevant interaction mechanisms","authors":"Zibo Xu , Daniel C.W. Tsang","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil, the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, is central to climate change and relevant feedback to environmental health. Minerals are the essential components that contribute to over 60% of soil carbon storage. However, how the interactions between minerals and organic carbon shape the carbon transformation and stability remains poorly understood. Herein, we critically review the primary interactions between organic carbon and soil minerals and the relevant mechanisms, including sorption, redox reaction, co-precipitation, dissolution, polymerization, and catalytic reaction. These interactions, highly complex with the combination of multiple processes, greatly affect the stability of organic carbon through the following processes: (1) formation or deconstruction of the mineral–organic carbon association; (2) oxidative transformation of the organic carbon with minerals; (3) catalytic polymerization of organic carbon with minerals; and (4) varying association stability of organic carbon according to the mineral transformation. Several pieces of evidence related to the carbon turnover and stability during the interaction with soil minerals in the real eco-environment are then demonstrated. We also highlight the current research gaps and outline research priorities, which may map future directions for a deeper mechanisms-based understanding of the soil carbon storage capacity considering its interactions with minerals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985024000012/pdfft?md5=67db5d5e1360a6990d01813ba41696fa&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985024000012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139457883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.11.001
Jie Hou , Meirui Yang , Xinyue Wu , Qiqi Chen , Yuqi Lu , Jianying Zhang , Daohui Lin
Disrupting effects of pollutants on symbiotic microbiota have been regarded as an important mechanism of host toxicity, with most current research focusing on the intestinal microbiota. In fact, the epidermal microbiota, which participates in the nutrient exchange between hosts and environments, could play a crucial role in host toxicity via community changes. To compare the contributions of intestinal and epidermal symbiotic microorganisms to host toxicity, this study designed single and combined scenarios of soil contamination [nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP)], and revealed the coupling mechanisms between intestinal/epidermal symbiotic bacterial communities and earthworm toxicological endpoints. Microbiome analysis showed that 15% of intestinal microbes were highly correlated with host endpoints, compared to 45% of epidermal microbes showing a similar correlation. Functional comparisons revealed that key species on the epidermis were mainly heterotrophic microbes with genetic abilities to utilize metal elements and carbohydrate nutrients. Further verifications demonstrated that when facing the co-contamination of nZVI and TCEP, certain symbiotic microorganisms became dominant and consumed zinc, copper, and manganese along with saccharides and amino acids, which may be responsible for the nutritional deficiencies in the host earthworms. The findings can enrich the understanding of the coupling relationship between symbiotic microorganisms and host toxicity, highlighting the importance of epidermal microorganisms in host resistance to environmental pollution.
{"title":"Epidermal microorganisms contributed to the toxic mechanism of nZVI and TCEP in earthworms by robbing metal elements and nutrients","authors":"Jie Hou , Meirui Yang , Xinyue Wu , Qiqi Chen , Yuqi Lu , Jianying Zhang , Daohui Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Disrupting effects of pollutants on symbiotic microbiota have been regarded as an important mechanism of host toxicity, with most current research focusing on the intestinal microbiota. In fact, the epidermal microbiota, which participates in the nutrient exchange between hosts and environments, could play a crucial role in host toxicity via community changes. To compare the contributions of intestinal and epidermal symbiotic microorganisms to host toxicity, this study designed single and combined scenarios of soil contamination [nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP)], and revealed the coupling mechanisms between intestinal/epidermal symbiotic bacterial communities and earthworm toxicological endpoints. Microbiome analysis showed that 15% of intestinal microbes were highly correlated with host endpoints, compared to 45% of epidermal microbes showing a similar correlation. Functional comparisons revealed that key species on the epidermis were mainly heterotrophic microbes with genetic abilities to utilize metal elements and carbohydrate nutrients. Further verifications demonstrated that when facing the co-contamination of nZVI and TCEP, certain symbiotic microorganisms became dominant and consumed zinc, copper, and manganese along with saccharides and amino acids, which may be responsible for the nutritional deficiencies in the host earthworms. The findings can enrich the understanding of the coupling relationship between symbiotic microorganisms and host toxicity, highlighting the importance of epidermal microorganisms in host resistance to environmental pollution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985023000686/pdfft?md5=3d0ec417e0bef2620640ee4240c2eacc&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985023000686-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.003
Ying Hu , Ye Wang , Zhuohui Zhao , Bin Zhao
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a prevalent air pollutant in urban areas, originating from outdoor sources, household gas consumption, and secondhand smoke. The limited evaluation of the disease burden attributable to NO2, encompassing different health effects and contributions from various sources, impedes our understanding from a public health perspective. Based on modeled NO2 exposure concentrations, their exposure–response relationships with lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes mellitus, and baseline disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), we estimated that 1,675 (655–2,624) thousand DALYs were attributable to NO2 in urban China in 2019 [138 (54–216) billion Chinese yuan (CNY) economic losses]. The transition from gas to electricity for household cooking was estimated to reduce the attributable economic losses by 35%. This reduction falls within the range of reductions achieved when outdoor air meets the World Health Organization interim target 3 and air quality guidelines for annual NO2, highlighting the significance of raising awareness of gas as a polluting household energy for cooking. These findings align with global sustainable development initiatives, providing a sustainable solution to promote public health while potentially mitigating climate change.
{"title":"Reconsidering gas as clean energy: Switching to electricity for household cooking to reduce NO2-attributed disease burden","authors":"Ying Hu , Ye Wang , Zhuohui Zhao , Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) is a prevalent air pollutant in urban areas, originating from outdoor sources, household gas consumption, and secondhand smoke. The limited evaluation of the disease burden attributable to NO<sub>2</sub>, encompassing different health effects and contributions from various sources, impedes our understanding from a public health perspective. Based on modeled NO<sub>2</sub> exposure concentrations, their exposure–response relationships with lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes mellitus, and baseline disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), we estimated that 1,675 (655–2,624) thousand DALYs were attributable to NO<sub>2</sub> in urban China in 2019 [138 (54–216) billion Chinese yuan (CNY) economic losses]. The transition from gas to electricity for household cooking was estimated to reduce the attributable economic losses by 35%. This reduction falls within the range of reductions achieved when outdoor air meets the World Health Organization interim target 3 and air quality guidelines for annual NO<sub>2</sub>, highlighting the significance of raising awareness of gas as a polluting household energy for cooking. These findings align with global sustainable development initiatives, providing a sustainable solution to promote public health while potentially mitigating climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985023000674/pdfft?md5=d247c27073f4125c985f08963894aeea&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985023000674-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139299175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.002
Qian Song , Nannan Zhang , Yanning Zhang , Dejia Yin , Jiming Hao , Shuxiao Wang , Shengyue Li , Wenshuai Xu , Weijun Yan , Xinxin Meng , Xinghong Xu , Xiaochen Wu , Donghai Xie , Yun Zhu , Qipeng Qu , Xuan Hou , Yueqi Jiang , Zhaoxin Dong , Haotian Zheng , Yisheng Sun , Bin Zhao
The ambient air quality standard (AAQS) is a vital policy instrument for protecting the environment and human health. Hainan Province is at the forefront of China's efforts to protect its ecological environment, with an official goal to achieve world-leading air quality by 2035. However, neither the national AAQS nor the World Health Organization guideline offers sufficient guidance for improving air quality in Hainan because Hainan has well met the former while the latter is excessively stringent. Consequently, the establishment of Hainan's local AAQS becomes imperative. Nonetheless, research regarding the development of local AAQS is scarce, especially in comparatively more polluted countries such as China. The relatively high background values and significant interannual fluctuations in air pollutant concentrations in Hainan present challenges in the development of local AAQS. Our research proposes a world-class local AAQS of Hainan Province by reviewing the AAQS in major countries or regions worldwide, analyzing the influence of different statistical forms, and carefully evaluating the attainability of the standard. In the proposed AAQS, the annual mean concentration limit for PM2.5, the annual 95th percentile of daily maximum 8-h mean (MDA8) concentration limit for O3, and the peak season concentration limit for O3 are set at 10, 120, and 85 μg/m3, respectively. Our study indicates that, with effective control policies, Hainan is projected to achieve compliance with the new standard by 2035. The implementation of the local AAQS is estimated to avoid 1,526 (1,253–1,789) and 259 (132–501) premature deaths attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 and O3 in Hainan in 2035, respectively.
{"title":"The development of local ambient air quality standards: A case study of Hainan Province, China","authors":"Qian Song , Nannan Zhang , Yanning Zhang , Dejia Yin , Jiming Hao , Shuxiao Wang , Shengyue Li , Wenshuai Xu , Weijun Yan , Xinxin Meng , Xinghong Xu , Xiaochen Wu , Donghai Xie , Yun Zhu , Qipeng Qu , Xuan Hou , Yueqi Jiang , Zhaoxin Dong , Haotian Zheng , Yisheng Sun , Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ambient air quality standard (AAQS) is a vital policy instrument for protecting the environment and human health. Hainan Province is at the forefront of China's efforts to protect its ecological environment, with an official goal to achieve world-leading air quality by 2035. However, neither the national AAQS nor the World Health Organization guideline offers sufficient guidance for improving air quality in Hainan because Hainan has well met the former while the latter is excessively stringent. Consequently, the establishment of Hainan's local AAQS becomes imperative. Nonetheless, research regarding the development of local AAQS is scarce, especially in comparatively more polluted countries such as China. The relatively high background values and significant interannual fluctuations in air pollutant concentrations in Hainan present challenges in the development of local AAQS. Our research proposes a world-class local AAQS of Hainan Province by reviewing the AAQS in major countries or regions worldwide, analyzing the influence of different statistical forms, and carefully evaluating the attainability of the standard. In the proposed AAQS, the annual mean concentration limit for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, the annual 95th percentile of daily maximum 8-h mean (MDA8) concentration limit for O<sub>3</sub>, and the peak season concentration limit for O<sub>3</sub> are set at 10, 120, and 85 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. Our study indicates that, with effective control policies, Hainan is projected to achieve compliance with the new standard by 2035. The implementation of the local AAQS is estimated to avoid 1,526 (1,253–1,789) and 259 (132–501) premature deaths attributable to long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> in Hainan in 2035, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985023000662/pdfft?md5=58b9cda01aa82a81affc25401f9dc00b&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985023000662-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136160772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.001
Ya-Nan Yao , You Wang , Hengling Zhang , Yanxia Gao , Tao Zhang , Kurunthachalam Kannan
Benzophenone ultraviolet light filters (BPs) are high-production-volume chemicals extensively used in personal care products, leading to widespread human exposure. Given their estrogenic properties, the potential health risks associated with exposure to BPs have become a public health concern. This review aims to summarize sources and pathways of exposure to BPs and associated health risks. Dermal exposure, primarily through the use of sunscreens, constitutes a major pathway for BP exposure. At a recommended application rate, dermal exposure of BP-3 via the application of sunscreens may reach or exceed the suggested reference dose. Other exposure pathways to BPs, such as drinking water, seafood, and packaged foods, contribute minimal to the overall dose. Inhalation is a minor pathway of exposure; however, its contribution cannot be ignored. Human exposure to BPs is an order of magnitude higher in North America than in Asia and Europe. Studies conducted on laboratory animals and cells have consistently demonstrated the toxic effects of BP exposure. BPs are estrogenic and elicit reproductive and developmental toxicities. Furthermore, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and carcinogenicity have been reported from chronic BP exposure. In addition to animal and cell studies, epidemiological investigations have identified associations between BPs and couples' fecundity and other reproductive disorders, as well as adverse birth outcomes. Further studies are urgently needed to understand the risks posed by BPs on human health.
二苯甲酮紫外线滤光器(BPs)是一种高产量化学品,广泛用于个人护理产品,导致人类普遍接触。鉴于其雌激素特性,与暴露于 BPs 相关的潜在健康风险已成为公共卫生问题。本综述旨在总结暴露于 BPs 的来源和途径以及相关的健康风险。皮肤暴露(主要是通过使用防晒霜)是暴露于 BP 的主要途径。按照建议的使用率,通过使用防晒霜从皮肤摄入的 BP-3 可能会达到或超过建议的参考剂量。其他暴露于 BP 的途径,如饮用水、海产品和包装食品,对总剂量的影响微乎其微。吸入是一种次要的暴露途径,但其作用不容忽视。与亚洲和欧洲相比,北美洲人类对苯乙烯的暴露量要高出一个数量级。对实验室动物和细胞进行的研究一致表明,暴露于 BP 会产生毒性影响。溴化联苯具有雌激素作用,会引起生殖和发育毒性。此外,据报道,长期暴露于 BP 会导致神经中毒、肝中毒、肾中毒和致癌。除了动物和细胞研究外,流行病学调查也发现了 BPs 与夫妇受孕率和其他生殖疾病以及不良生育后果之间的联系。迫切需要开展进一步的研究,以了解 BP 对人类健康造成的风险。
{"title":"A review of sources, pathways, and toxic effects of human exposure to benzophenone ultraviolet light filters","authors":"Ya-Nan Yao , You Wang , Hengling Zhang , Yanxia Gao , Tao Zhang , Kurunthachalam Kannan","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Benzophenone ultraviolet light filters (BPs) are high-production-volume chemicals extensively used in personal care products, leading to widespread human exposure. Given their estrogenic properties, the potential health risks associated with exposure to BPs have become a public health concern. This review aims to summarize sources and pathways of exposure to BPs and associated health risks. Dermal exposure, primarily through the use of sunscreens, constitutes a major pathway for BP exposure. At a recommended application rate, dermal exposure of BP-3 via the application of sunscreens may reach or exceed the suggested reference dose. Other exposure pathways to BPs, such as drinking water, seafood, and packaged foods, contribute minimal to the overall dose. Inhalation is a minor pathway of exposure; however, its contribution cannot be ignored. Human exposure to BPs is an order of magnitude higher in North America than in Asia and Europe. Studies conducted on laboratory animals and cells have consistently demonstrated the toxic effects of BP exposure. BPs are estrogenic and elicit reproductive and developmental toxicities. Furthermore, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and carcinogenicity have been reported from chronic BP exposure. In addition to animal and cell studies, epidemiological investigations have identified associations between BPs and couples' fecundity and other reproductive disorders, as well as adverse birth outcomes. Further studies are urgently needed to understand the risks posed by BPs on human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985023000613/pdfft?md5=6633202661a7d49bf571f2c7adcb8f27&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985023000613-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.09.006
Jianchao Liu , Fang Yang , Yuanfei Cai , Guanghua Lu , Yiping Li , Ming Li , Linhua Fan , Li Gao
The presence of trace organic pollutants in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) poses considerable risks to aquatic organisms and human health. A large-scale survey of 302 trace organic pollutants in the effluent of 46 Chinese WWTPs was conducted to gain an improved understanding of their occurrence and ecological risks. The survey data showed that 216 compounds in 11 chemical classes had been detected in effluents. The sum concentrations of the trace contaminants in effluent ranged from 1,392 ng/L to 35,453 ng/L, with the maximum concentration of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) recorded as the highest (30,573 ng/L), which was markedly less than the reported 185,000 ng/L for the 38 American WWTPs. The concentration of bisphenol analogs (BPs) was up to 4,422 ng/L, significantly higher than those reported in France, Germany, Japan, Korea, and the U.S. PFASs and BPs were the major pollutants, accounting for 59% of the total pollution. Additionally, a total of 119 contaminants were found to have ecological risks (RQ > 0.01). Among these, 23 contaminants (RQ > 1.0) warrant higher attention and should be prioritized for removal. This study lists valuable information for controlling contaminants with higher priority in WWTP effluent in China.
{"title":"Unveiling the existence and ecological hazards of trace organic pollutants in wastewater treatment plant effluents across China","authors":"Jianchao Liu , Fang Yang , Yuanfei Cai , Guanghua Lu , Yiping Li , Ming Li , Linhua Fan , Li Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of trace organic pollutants in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) poses considerable risks to aquatic organisms and human health. A large-scale survey of 302 trace organic pollutants in the effluent of 46 Chinese WWTPs was conducted to gain an improved understanding of their occurrence and ecological risks. The survey data showed that 216 compounds in 11 chemical classes had been detected in effluents. The sum concentrations of the trace contaminants in effluent ranged from 1,392 ng/L to 35,453 ng/L, with the maximum concentration of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) recorded as the highest (30,573 ng/L), which was markedly less than the reported 185,000 ng/L for the 38 American WWTPs. The concentration of bisphenol analogs (BPs) was up to 4,422 ng/L, significantly higher than those reported in France, Germany, Japan, Korea, and the U.S. PFASs and BPs were the major pollutants, accounting for 59% of the total pollution. Additionally, a total of 119 contaminants were found to have ecological risks (RQ > 0.01). Among these, 23 contaminants (RQ > 1.0) warrant higher attention and should be prioritized for removal. This study lists valuable information for controlling contaminants with higher priority in WWTP effluent in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277298502300056X/pdfft?md5=73845ce1354557a43e7da245aaff6b76&pid=1-s2.0-S277298502300056X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135762538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.09.005
Lijuan Liu , Yuanze Sun , Shaoting Du , Yanming Li , Jie Wang
The wide application of plastics has led to the ubiquitous presence of nanoplastics and microplastics in terrestrial environments. However, few studies have focused on the mechanism underlying the effects of plastic particles on soil microbiomes and resistomes, especially the differences between nanoplastics and microplastics. This study investigated the microbiome and resistome in soil exposed to polystyrene microplastics (mPS) or nanoplastics (nPS) through 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Distinct microbial communities were observed between mPS and nPS exposure groups, and nPS exposure significantly changed the bacterial composition even at the lowest amended rate (0.01%, w/w). The abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in nPS exposure (1%) was 0.26 copies per cell, significantly higher than that in control (0.21 copies per cell) and mPS exposure groups (0.21 copies per cell). It was observed that nanoplastics, bacterial community, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) directly affected the ARG abundance in nPS exposure groups, while in mPS exposure groups, only MGEs directly induced the change of ARGs. Streptomyces was the predominant host for multidrug in the control and mPS exposure, whereas the primary host was changed to Bacillus in nPS exposure. Additionally, exposure to nPS induced several bacterial hosts to exhibit possible multi-antibiotic resistance characteristics. Our results indicated that the effects of plastic particles on the soil microbial community were size-dependent, and nano-sized plastic particles exhibited more substantial impacts. Both microplastics and nanoplastics promoted ARG transfer and diversified their bacterial hosts. These findings bear implications for the regulation of plastic waste and ARGs.
{"title":"Nanoplastics promote the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and diversify their bacterial hosts in soil","authors":"Lijuan Liu , Yuanze Sun , Shaoting Du , Yanming Li , Jie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eehl.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The wide application of plastics has led to the ubiquitous presence of nanoplastics and microplastics in terrestrial environments. However, few studies have focused on the mechanism underlying the effects of plastic particles on soil microbiomes and resistomes, especially the differences between nanoplastics and microplastics. This study investigated the microbiome and resistome in soil exposed to polystyrene microplastics (mPS) or nanoplastics (nPS) through 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Distinct microbial communities were observed between mPS and nPS exposure groups, and nPS exposure significantly changed the bacterial composition even at the lowest amended rate (0.01%, w/w). The abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in nPS exposure (1%) was 0.26 copies per cell, significantly higher than that in control (0.21 copies per cell) and mPS exposure groups (0.21 copies per cell). It was observed that nanoplastics, bacterial community, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) directly affected the ARG abundance in nPS exposure groups, while in mPS exposure groups, only MGEs directly induced the change of ARGs. <em>Streptomyces</em> was the predominant host for multidrug in the control and mPS exposure, whereas the primary host was changed to <em>Bacillus</em> in nPS exposure. Additionally, exposure to nPS induced several bacterial hosts to exhibit possible multi-antibiotic resistance characteristics. Our results indicated that the effects of plastic particles on the soil microbial community were size-dependent, and nano-sized plastic particles exhibited more substantial impacts. Both microplastics and nanoplastics promoted ARG transfer and diversified their bacterial hosts. These findings bear implications for the regulation of plastic waste and ARGs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29813,"journal":{"name":"Eco-Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772985023000558/pdfft?md5=a510918928280f418f86291463ad968a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772985023000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}