Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.225960.1172
Rehab d Mousa, Amany a Mohamed, Sary b, c Abd-Elghaffar, Amira a Kamel
Gastric ulcers are among the major GIT problems impacting people globally. A number of natural compounds have been evaluated for gastric ulcer treatment. One of the most popularly used medicinal plants is Aloe vera, which has powerful anti-inflammatory and healing actions. Pantoprazole was used as a reference drug. The current investigation is intended to determine the therapeutic benefits of Aloe Vera in gastric ulcers triggered by ethanol in rats and to clarify if Aloe Vera achieves its therapeutic benefits by improving mucosal immunity through modulating MyD88 expression. Rats were divided into four groups: normal control, ethanol, ethanol + Aloe Vera, and ethanol + Pantoprazole. Gastric ulceration was triggered by giving only a single dose of 100% ethanol (5 ml/kg b.w.t.) orally. Aloe Vera and Pantoprazole were given orally for 2 weeks. At the end of the experiment, after rat sacrificing and stomach harvesting, macroscopic, molecular, and histopathological evaluations were done. The results revealed that the stomach mucosa in the ethanol group developed a severe ulcerative lesion. Also, myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MYD88) gene expression was significantly upregulated. The ethanol group's histopathological examination revealed severe epithelial damage, inflammation, and edema. The macroscopic mucosal lesion, molecular alterations, and histopathological abnormalities are all alleviated by Aloe Vera treatment. Aloe Vera is more significant than medical treatment with pantoprazole. Finally, we concluded that Aloe Vera's ability to mitigate stomach ulcers is through its anti-inflammatory and healing capacities. Thus, Aloe Vera could potentially be utilized as a medication for relieving gastric ulcers.
{"title":"Therapeutic impact of Aloe Vera Gel on Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rat Through Modulation of MYD88 Gene Expression","authors":"Rehab d Mousa, Amany a Mohamed, Sary b, c Abd-Elghaffar, Amira a Kamel","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.225960.1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.225960.1172","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric ulcers are among the major GIT problems impacting people globally. A number of natural compounds have been evaluated for gastric ulcer treatment. One of the most popularly used medicinal plants is Aloe vera, which has powerful anti-inflammatory and healing actions. Pantoprazole was used as a reference drug. The current investigation is intended to determine the therapeutic benefits of Aloe Vera in gastric ulcers triggered by ethanol in rats and to clarify if Aloe Vera achieves its therapeutic benefits by improving mucosal immunity through modulating MyD88 expression. Rats were divided into four groups: normal control, ethanol, ethanol + Aloe Vera, and ethanol + Pantoprazole. Gastric ulceration was triggered by giving only a single dose of 100% ethanol (5 ml/kg b.w.t.) orally. Aloe Vera and Pantoprazole were given orally for 2 weeks. At the end of the experiment, after rat sacrificing and stomach harvesting, macroscopic, molecular, and histopathological evaluations were done. The results revealed that the stomach mucosa in the ethanol group developed a severe ulcerative lesion. Also, myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MYD88) gene expression was significantly upregulated. The ethanol group's histopathological examination revealed severe epithelial damage, inflammation, and edema. The macroscopic mucosal lesion, molecular alterations, and histopathological abnormalities are all alleviated by Aloe Vera treatment. Aloe Vera is more significant than medical treatment with pantoprazole. Finally, we concluded that Aloe Vera's ability to mitigate stomach ulcers is through its anti-inflammatory and healing capacities. Thus, Aloe Vera could potentially be utilized as a medication for relieving gastric ulcers.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135860218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.221296.1163
Amira Abosgher
ABSTACT One hundred and eighty raw milk samples were collected randomly from dairy farms, farmers` houses and dairy shops in Assiut city. These samples represented by 60 milk samples from cows and buffaloes of dairy farms (30 for each) , 90 samples from farmers` houses including cows, buffaloes and sheep milk (30 for each) and 30 raw dairy shops` milk samples. The samples were examined for the incidence of T.pyogenes and prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) in raw milk. The prevalence of SCM in milk samples of dairy farms were 90% for both cows and buffaloes` milk based on California Mastitis Test (CMT) and 50% and 46.7% in cows and buffaloes` milk based on White Side Test (WST), respectivey. In the contrary, prevalence of SCM in farmers` houses milk samples based on CMT and WST were 53.3%, 73.3% &33.3% and 33.33%, 46.7% & 50% in cow, buffalo and sheep, respectively. The incidences of T.pyogenes in dairy farms milk samples were 60% in both cows and buffaloes` milk, while 63.33%, 60% and 36.67% in cows, buffaloes and sheeps` milk of farmers` houses, respectively. Additionally, the incidence of T.pyogenes in dairy shops` raw milk samples was 43.3%. PCR for 18 strains of T.pyogenes revealed that 15 strains gave positive results for pyolysin virulence gene. The public health hazards of the organism and the suggestive measures were also discussed.
{"title":"Incidence of Trueperella pyogenes in raw milk","authors":"Amira Abosgher","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.221296.1163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.221296.1163","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTACT One hundred and eighty raw milk samples were collected randomly from dairy farms, farmers` houses and dairy shops in Assiut city. These samples represented by 60 milk samples from cows and buffaloes of dairy farms (30 for each) , 90 samples from farmers` houses including cows, buffaloes and sheep milk (30 for each) and 30 raw dairy shops` milk samples. The samples were examined for the incidence of T.pyogenes and prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) in raw milk. The prevalence of SCM in milk samples of dairy farms were 90% for both cows and buffaloes` milk based on California Mastitis Test (CMT) and 50% and 46.7% in cows and buffaloes` milk based on White Side Test (WST), respectivey. In the contrary, prevalence of SCM in farmers` houses milk samples based on CMT and WST were 53.3%, 73.3% &33.3% and 33.33%, 46.7% & 50% in cow, buffalo and sheep, respectively. The incidences of T.pyogenes in dairy farms milk samples were 60% in both cows and buffaloes` milk, while 63.33%, 60% and 36.67% in cows, buffaloes and sheeps` milk of farmers` houses, respectively. Additionally, the incidence of T.pyogenes in dairy shops` raw milk samples was 43.3%. PCR for 18 strains of T.pyogenes revealed that 15 strains gave positive results for pyolysin virulence gene. The public health hazards of the organism and the suggestive measures were also discussed.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135860219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.209029.1145
Norhan Ragab, Shereen Abd El Aziz, Shereen Galal, Ehsan Hassan, Rawhia Abdel Hamid
Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging opportunistic pathogen contaminating powdered infant formulas causing lethal threats to neonates and immune-deficient infants. It causes life-threatening infections, septicemia, neonatal meningitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The aim of this study was to test the commercially available formulas that are intended for consumption by 0-6 months old infants (neonates and immune-compromised infants), for the presence of Cronobacter spp., and to determine the presence of C.sakazakii in the stool of these infants who consumed these formulas through conventional methods as culturing, biochemical tests and PCR. Fifty PIF samples (different brands) retailed in upper Egypt were collected from Assiut University Children Hospital at the Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Preterm Units, and we checked the presence of C.sakazakii in them. Fifty Stool samples were also collected from the infants who were fed the studied PIF samples, to study the presence of C.sakazakii in the stool of these infants. The samples underwent three steps of pre-enrichment, enrichment procedures, and subculture onto chromogenic Enterobacter sakazakii agar plates. Biochemical tests were afterwards carried out. Finally, molecular characterization using specific PCR was done to detect Cronobacter sakazakii, targeting the ESA_02797 gene which is found in all C.sakazakii strains . The results of this study shed light on the immense need for applying effective prevention and control measures and taking all the precautions needed during the production and preparation of PIF to hinder its contamination with C.sakazakii and to prevent the spreading of such fatal infections to infants with low immunity and neonates.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII ISOLATED FROM POWDERED INFANT FORMULA AND STOOL OF INFANTS","authors":"Norhan Ragab, Shereen Abd El Aziz, Shereen Galal, Ehsan Hassan, Rawhia Abdel Hamid","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.209029.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.209029.1145","url":null,"abstract":"Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging opportunistic pathogen contaminating powdered infant formulas causing lethal threats to neonates and immune-deficient infants. It causes life-threatening infections, septicemia, neonatal meningitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The aim of this study was to test the commercially available formulas that are intended for consumption by 0-6 months old infants (neonates and immune-compromised infants), for the presence of Cronobacter spp., and to determine the presence of C.sakazakii in the stool of these infants who consumed these formulas through conventional methods as culturing, biochemical tests and PCR. Fifty PIF samples (different brands) retailed in upper Egypt were collected from Assiut University Children Hospital at the Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Preterm Units, and we checked the presence of C.sakazakii in them. Fifty Stool samples were also collected from the infants who were fed the studied PIF samples, to study the presence of C.sakazakii in the stool of these infants. The samples underwent three steps of pre-enrichment, enrichment procedures, and subculture onto chromogenic Enterobacter sakazakii agar plates. Biochemical tests were afterwards carried out. Finally, molecular characterization using specific PCR was done to detect Cronobacter sakazakii, targeting the ESA_02797 gene which is found in all C.sakazakii strains . The results of this study shed light on the immense need for applying effective prevention and control measures and taking all the precautions needed during the production and preparation of PIF to hinder its contamination with C.sakazakii and to prevent the spreading of such fatal infections to infants with low immunity and neonates.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135860214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.226351.1173
KAMIL ENGY, SEDDIK ISMAIL, A. WEGDAN, A AML
Introduction: Enterobacter aerogenes is known as Aerobacter aerogenes and belongs to the family Enterobacteriace . It normally habitats the intestine of the animals so it is widely found in soil, sewage and water. It causes a wide variety of health problems for humans and animals. Objective: The following study was to detect Enterobacter aerogenes in milk, yoghurt and ice cream to assess their hygienic quality. Methods: The number of samples was 300 as follows: raw milk samples, 100 yoghurt samples and 100 ice cream samples. Samples were collected in Assiut Governorate and examined for the presence of E. aerogenes. Results: E. aerogenes were found in 13% of raw milk samples, and 5% of examined yoghurt samples, while detected in 6% of examined ice cream samples. Conclusion: E. aerogenes in milk is an index of direct fecal contamination of milk and milk products which is considered a public health hazard. Consumers and emphasizes must improve their hygienic standards to avoid E. aerogenes .
{"title":"Prevalence of Enterobacter aerogenes in row milk and some milk products.","authors":"KAMIL ENGY, SEDDIK ISMAIL, A. WEGDAN, A AML","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.226351.1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.226351.1173","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Enterobacter aerogenes is known as Aerobacter aerogenes and belongs to the family Enterobacteriace . It normally habitats the intestine of the animals so it is widely found in soil, sewage and water. It causes a wide variety of health problems for humans and animals. Objective: The following study was to detect Enterobacter aerogenes in milk, yoghurt and ice cream to assess their hygienic quality. Methods: The number of samples was 300 as follows: raw milk samples, 100 yoghurt samples and 100 ice cream samples. Samples were collected in Assiut Governorate and examined for the presence of E. aerogenes. Results: E. aerogenes were found in 13% of raw milk samples, and 5% of examined yoghurt samples, while detected in 6% of examined ice cream samples. Conclusion: E. aerogenes in milk is an index of direct fecal contamination of milk and milk products which is considered a public health hazard. Consumers and emphasizes must improve their hygienic standards to avoid E. aerogenes .","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135860213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.217481.1155
shimaa Abdelsadek
Background : Trichinella spirals is a unique zoonotic parasite have two phases during its life cycle, enteral and parenteral phase. To the best of our knowledge, few literatures have been demonstrated the effect of T. spirals infection on hepatic tissue. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of Nanocurcumin and Pumpkin oil, as natural compounds, against the hepatic pathogenesis and MMP-9 production during T. spirals infection compared to Albendazole. Methods : One hundred and twenty mice were divided into four groups: the control group, the infected untreated group, the Nanocurcumin treated group, the Pumpkin treated group, and the Albendazole treated group. Histology and Immunohistochemical techniques were applied. Results : The infected untreated group showed acute liver inflammation with coagulative necrosis during the enteral and parenteral phase of infection. The treated groups showed more or less normal hepatic tissue, however necrobiotic changes were observed in the Pumpkin treated group. The immunohistochmical staining showed significant reduction in the expression of MMP-9 in the treated groups. Conclusion : Our results suggests that Nanocurcumin could effectively against hepatic inflammation associated with T. spirals infection through reduction MMP-9 activity. However, the present results suggested that Nanocurcumin exhibited high efficacy compared to the Pumpkin seed oil. Additional research and clinical studies are necessary to validate these findings and determine the practical applications of these treatment strategies .
{"title":"Hepatoprotective role of Nanourcumin and Pumpkin seed oil in Trichinella Spiralis infection: pathogenesis and modulation of matrix metaloproteinasis (MMP9)","authors":"shimaa Abdelsadek","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.217481.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.217481.1155","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Trichinella spirals is a unique zoonotic parasite have two phases during its life cycle, enteral and parenteral phase. To the best of our knowledge, few literatures have been demonstrated the effect of T. spirals infection on hepatic tissue. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of Nanocurcumin and Pumpkin oil, as natural compounds, against the hepatic pathogenesis and MMP-9 production during T. spirals infection compared to Albendazole. Methods : One hundred and twenty mice were divided into four groups: the control group, the infected untreated group, the Nanocurcumin treated group, the Pumpkin treated group, and the Albendazole treated group. Histology and Immunohistochemical techniques were applied. Results : The infected untreated group showed acute liver inflammation with coagulative necrosis during the enteral and parenteral phase of infection. The treated groups showed more or less normal hepatic tissue, however necrobiotic changes were observed in the Pumpkin treated group. The immunohistochmical staining showed significant reduction in the expression of MMP-9 in the treated groups. Conclusion : Our results suggests that Nanocurcumin could effectively against hepatic inflammation associated with T. spirals infection through reduction MMP-9 activity. However, the present results suggested that Nanocurcumin exhibited high efficacy compared to the Pumpkin seed oil. Additional research and clinical studies are necessary to validate these findings and determine the practical applications of these treatment strategies .","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135860215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.215480.1150
Walaa Kamel
Methotrexate (MTX), the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive drug is one of the most effective drugs used for the treatment of a large number of solid tumours, hematologic malignancies, and autoimmune disorders. However, its significant hepatotoxicity limits its applicability, so this study was suggested to investigate the side effects of a high dose of MTX on the liver in experimental rats. Ten rats were divided randomly into two groups, including the control group and MTX-injected group. MTX group received a single dose of 40 mg/kg MTX intraperitoneally to induce liver injury. Physiological saline was injected into the control rats in the same manner. The period of the experiment was 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed. Sera and liver specimens were then collected for the evaluation of hepatic function by measurement of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) serum levels and histological examination of liver tissues. The results showed that MTX administration induced a highly significant increase in serum AST and ALT levels. Additionally, the histopathological examination of livers indicated the presence of clear vacuoles in the hepatocytes, hydropic degeneration, and multi-focal necrosis. Additionally, there was mononuclear cell infiltration and Kupffer cellular hyperplasia. Congestion, desquamation of lining endothelial cells in some blood vessels, and haemorrhages were also detected. Therefore, we concluded that administration of high doses of MTX induced severe hepatotoxicity in experimental rats manifested by a significant increase of liver enzymes in serum and severe alteration in the liver histological structure.
{"title":"Histopathological and Biochemical Studies of Methotrexate Hepatoxicity on Albino Rats","authors":"Walaa Kamel","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.215480.1150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.215480.1150","url":null,"abstract":"Methotrexate (MTX), the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive drug is one of the most effective drugs used for the treatment of a large number of solid tumours, hematologic malignancies, and autoimmune disorders. However, its significant hepatotoxicity limits its applicability, so this study was suggested to investigate the side effects of a high dose of MTX on the liver in experimental rats. Ten rats were divided randomly into two groups, including the control group and MTX-injected group. MTX group received a single dose of 40 mg/kg MTX intraperitoneally to induce liver injury. Physiological saline was injected into the control rats in the same manner. The period of the experiment was 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed. Sera and liver specimens were then collected for the evaluation of hepatic function by measurement of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) serum levels and histological examination of liver tissues. The results showed that MTX administration induced a highly significant increase in serum AST and ALT levels. Additionally, the histopathological examination of livers indicated the presence of clear vacuoles in the hepatocytes, hydropic degeneration, and multi-focal necrosis. Additionally, there was mononuclear cell infiltration and Kupffer cellular hyperplasia. Congestion, desquamation of lining endothelial cells in some blood vessels, and haemorrhages were also detected. Therefore, we concluded that administration of high doses of MTX induced severe hepatotoxicity in experimental rats manifested by a significant increase of liver enzymes in serum and severe alteration in the liver histological structure.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135860216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-24DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.219294.1159
Mohamed Hesham, Mohammad Youssef, Sary Abd-elghaffar, Salwa Abd-Elrahman
Dicrocoelium dendriticum , the small liver fluke, is capable of parasitizing the gall bladder and liver of various mammalian species, especially ruminants. In Egypt, there was no previous abattoir-based research concerned with the incidence of dicrocoeliasis. The objective of our study is to record hepatic dicrocoeliasis in imported beef cattle of Sudanese origin that were slaughtered at Abu-Simbel abattoir, Aswan Governorate, Egypt and describe the detailed hepatic gross as well as histopathological changes induced by it. During a period from December 2020 to October 2021, 1575 liver specimens were examined from which 172 cases showed gross pathological lesions. After collection, affected specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffer formalin, then they were prepared for histopathological examination. The recorded incidence of hepatic dicrocoeliasis was 7.5% among the affected cases. The affected liver showed fibrosis and paleness with irregular yellowish foci on its surface. Fibrous tissue proliferation was seen surrounding bile ducts. Histopathologically, parasitic eggs were detected in affected liver tissues where they stimulated a granulomatous inflammatory reaction with hepatocellular necrosis and infiltrations of neutrophils, eosinophils and giant cells. Portal fibrosis resulted in the formation of pseudolobules. As a consequence, hepatic dicrocoeliasis is prevalent in imported Sudanese beef cattle and these animals should be protected from snail-infected regions and subjected to careful inspection by veterinarians in slaughterhouses.
{"title":"Hepatic dicrocoeliasis in beef cattle slaughtered at Abu-Simbel Abattoir. First slaughter house record in Egypt.","authors":"Mohamed Hesham, Mohammad Youssef, Sary Abd-elghaffar, Salwa Abd-Elrahman","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.219294.1159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.219294.1159","url":null,"abstract":"Dicrocoelium dendriticum , the small liver fluke, is capable of parasitizing the gall bladder and liver of various mammalian species, especially ruminants. In Egypt, there was no previous abattoir-based research concerned with the incidence of dicrocoeliasis. The objective of our study is to record hepatic dicrocoeliasis in imported beef cattle of Sudanese origin that were slaughtered at Abu-Simbel abattoir, Aswan Governorate, Egypt and describe the detailed hepatic gross as well as histopathological changes induced by it. During a period from December 2020 to October 2021, 1575 liver specimens were examined from which 172 cases showed gross pathological lesions. After collection, affected specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffer formalin, then they were prepared for histopathological examination. The recorded incidence of hepatic dicrocoeliasis was 7.5% among the affected cases. The affected liver showed fibrosis and paleness with irregular yellowish foci on its surface. Fibrous tissue proliferation was seen surrounding bile ducts. Histopathologically, parasitic eggs were detected in affected liver tissues where they stimulated a granulomatous inflammatory reaction with hepatocellular necrosis and infiltrations of neutrophils, eosinophils and giant cells. Portal fibrosis resulted in the formation of pseudolobules. As a consequence, hepatic dicrocoeliasis is prevalent in imported Sudanese beef cattle and these animals should be protected from snail-infected regions and subjected to careful inspection by veterinarians in slaughterhouses.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: Castration is almost the only way to reduce pet overpopulation. Dog overpopulation and stray dogs are global issues that harm both public health and animal welfare. As a result, the current study sought to provide alternate surgical castration approaches, if viable. Also included is a comparison between surgical and pharmacological castration. Methods: Under the anaesthetic effect of intravenous (IV) 2% xylazine HCl (1 mg/kg) and 5% ketamine HCl (10 mg/kg), standard surgical castration and intra-testicular injections were done. The dogs were positioned dorsally recumbent. Using a 24-gauge, 2.4 cm sterile needle, a 10% formalin solution was placed within the testes (2 ml / testis). Results: Clinical follow-up in the formalin group demonstrated edema and redness in the scrotum and prepuce following injection, according to the findings. In the formalin group, a dog developed a little scrotal ulcer. In the current study, blood testosterone concentrations in the formalin and surgery groups fell considerably at the end of the experiment compared to day 0. Cortisol levels were elevated at the start of the trial and thereafter returned to normal. Histopathological evaluation of the testes in the formalin group, showing necrosis of seminiferous tubules. In addition, oxidative stress markers rose in both the formalin and surgical groups and steadily reduced towards the conclusion of the trial. Histopathological evaluation of the testes in formalin group showing necrosis of seminiferous tubules Conclusion: Based on the seminal and biochemical assessments in this work, intratesticular injection of 10% formalin (2 ml) seemed successful for chemical sterilization of dogs and applicable on a broad scale.
{"title":"Chemical castration with formalin versus surgical castration in dogs: hormonal, seminal fluid, cellular stress response, and testicular tissue alterations","authors":"mahmoud sabra, Samia Sleim, Khaled Hassanein, Mohamed Mahmoud, Lamiaa Fadl","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.215703.1151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.215703.1151","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Castration is almost the only way to reduce pet overpopulation. Dog overpopulation and stray dogs are global issues that harm both public health and animal welfare. As a result, the current study sought to provide alternate surgical castration approaches, if viable. Also included is a comparison between surgical and pharmacological castration. Methods: Under the anaesthetic effect of intravenous (IV) 2% xylazine HCl (1 mg/kg) and 5% ketamine HCl (10 mg/kg), standard surgical castration and intra-testicular injections were done. The dogs were positioned dorsally recumbent. Using a 24-gauge, 2.4 cm sterile needle, a 10% formalin solution was placed within the testes (2 ml / testis). Results: Clinical follow-up in the formalin group demonstrated edema and redness in the scrotum and prepuce following injection, according to the findings. In the formalin group, a dog developed a little scrotal ulcer. In the current study, blood testosterone concentrations in the formalin and surgery groups fell considerably at the end of the experiment compared to day 0. Cortisol levels were elevated at the start of the trial and thereafter returned to normal. Histopathological evaluation of the testes in the formalin group, showing necrosis of seminiferous tubules. In addition, oxidative stress markers rose in both the formalin and surgical groups and steadily reduced towards the conclusion of the trial. Histopathological evaluation of the testes in formalin group showing necrosis of seminiferous tubules Conclusion: Based on the seminal and biochemical assessments in this work, intratesticular injection of 10% formalin (2 ml) seemed successful for chemical sterilization of dogs and applicable on a broad scale.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.216536.1158
Armia Ghaly, Mokhtar Taha, Abeer Hassan, Khaled Hassanein
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat cancers, but its therapeutic uses are limited due to its hepatotoxicity. Consequently, the current work aimed to investigate the potential hepatoprotective impact of quercetin (QRC) nanoparticles against CYP-induced liver damage. Twenty albino rats were divided into four even groups. Group (A) was carried out as the control group. Group (B) injected a single dose of CYP (200 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Group (C) received orally nano quercetin at a dosage of 50 mg/kg for 10 days, they were also given a single dose of CYP i.p. and Group (D) was given nano-QRC orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. Samples were collected 24 hours after CYP injection for biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural examinations. CYP significantly elevated the AST, ALT and MDA levels and substantially reduced the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in comparison to the control group. Moreover, the nano-QRC + CYP treated group significantly declined the raised AST and MDA levels, and significantly raised the diminished TAOC as compared to CYP treated group. Histopathological examination revealed a severe degree of congestion and dilatation of the central vein, perivascular fibrosis and hepatocellular vacuolation and necrosis were recorded in CYP treated group. However, only mild hepatic lesions were observed in nano-QRC + CYP treated group. It could be concluded that the administration of nano-QRC ameliorated the hepatic damage induced by CYP via its antioxidant activity.
{"title":"Ameliorative effect of quercetin nanoparticles on cyclophosphamide - induced hepatotoxicity in rats","authors":"Armia Ghaly, Mokhtar Taha, Abeer Hassan, Khaled Hassanein","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.216536.1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.216536.1158","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat cancers, but its therapeutic uses are limited due to its hepatotoxicity. Consequently, the current work aimed to investigate the potential hepatoprotective impact of quercetin (QRC) nanoparticles against CYP-induced liver damage. Twenty albino rats were divided into four even groups. Group (A) was carried out as the control group. Group (B) injected a single dose of CYP (200 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Group (C) received orally nano quercetin at a dosage of 50 mg/kg for 10 days, they were also given a single dose of CYP i.p. and Group (D) was given nano-QRC orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. Samples were collected 24 hours after CYP injection for biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural examinations. CYP significantly elevated the AST, ALT and MDA levels and substantially reduced the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in comparison to the control group. Moreover, the nano-QRC + CYP treated group significantly declined the raised AST and MDA levels, and significantly raised the diminished TAOC as compared to CYP treated group. Histopathological examination revealed a severe degree of congestion and dilatation of the central vein, perivascular fibrosis and hepatocellular vacuolation and necrosis were recorded in CYP treated group. However, only mild hepatic lesions were observed in nano-QRC + CYP treated group. It could be concluded that the administration of nano-QRC ameliorated the hepatic damage induced by CYP via its antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136099022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2023.233812.1184
Ahmed Ahmed, Rasha Abdelkader, NASHWA HAMAD, mohammad semeka
{"title":"EVALUATION OF HEALING OF EXPERIMENTALLY-INDUCED VERTICAL EYELID WOUNDS AFTER SINGLE OR DOUBLE LAYER CLOSURE IN DOGS","authors":"Ahmed Ahmed, Rasha Abdelkader, NASHWA HAMAD, mohammad semeka","doi":"10.21608/avmj.2023.233812.1184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2023.233812.1184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299161,"journal":{"name":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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