Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028986
Shaowei Huang, Ying Chen, Chen Shen, Laijun Chen
As power electronic devices are widely used in recent years, the dynamic behaviors of power systems become much more complicated, which are composed of electromechanical transient and electromagnetic transient. Therefore, a hybrid simulation tool for multi-timescale power systems is highly demanded. In this paper, a new hybrid simulation algorithm is proposed based on the energy balance of boundary buses. The energy balance is formulated as a boundary equation expressed in implicit function and solved in an iterative manner. A modified IEEE 9-bus system is used for case studies and test results are compared to PSCAD, which validates its accuracy.
{"title":"A novel hybrid dynamic simulation algorithm based on iterative coordination","authors":"Shaowei Huang, Ying Chen, Chen Shen, Laijun Chen","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028986","url":null,"abstract":"As power electronic devices are widely used in recent years, the dynamic behaviors of power systems become much more complicated, which are composed of electromechanical transient and electromagnetic transient. Therefore, a hybrid simulation tool for multi-timescale power systems is highly demanded. In this paper, a new hybrid simulation algorithm is proposed based on the energy balance of boundary buses. The energy balance is formulated as a boundary equation expressed in implicit function and solved in an iterative manner. A modified IEEE 9-bus system is used for case studies and test results are compared to PSCAD, which validates its accuracy.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123202455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028889
Gonzalo Bustos-Turu, K. V. van Dam, S. Acha, N. Shah
In the future context of smart grids, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) can be seen not only as a new spatial and temporal distributed load, but also as an electricity storage system. In this sense, the storage capacity can be aggregated and made an active participant in the power market to provide ancillary services. The estimation of this capacity over time and space is challenging as it depends on many factors such as vehicle owner driving profiles, charging behavior, and charging infrastructure features, etc. In this paper the demand flexibility potential of a PEV fleet is estimated using an agent-based modelling approach in which different scenarios of participation in flexible charging mechanisms are evaluated. The case study depicted in this work is based on current technology and demographic data from an urban area in London (UK).
{"title":"Estimating plug-in electric vehicle demand flexibility through an agent-based simulation model","authors":"Gonzalo Bustos-Turu, K. V. van Dam, S. Acha, N. Shah","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028889","url":null,"abstract":"In the future context of smart grids, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) can be seen not only as a new spatial and temporal distributed load, but also as an electricity storage system. In this sense, the storage capacity can be aggregated and made an active participant in the power market to provide ancillary services. The estimation of this capacity over time and space is challenging as it depends on many factors such as vehicle owner driving profiles, charging behavior, and charging infrastructure features, etc. In this paper the demand flexibility potential of a PEV fleet is estimated using an agent-based modelling approach in which different scenarios of participation in flexible charging mechanisms are evaluated. The case study depicted in this work is based on current technology and demographic data from an urban area in London (UK).","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123343746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028875
A. Ntomaris, S. I. Vagropoulos, A. Bakirtzis
Climate change and diminishing fossil natural resources have motivated governments worldwide to incentivize the exploitation of the available renewable energy sources (RES). Saturated island systems have already exploited considerable amounts of the available renewable energy potential. However, technical limitations imposed by the conventional generation fleet restrict further RES development. Hybrid power stations (HPSs) consisting of pumped storage units that compensate for the variability of the renewable power generation have been seen as an emerging method to increase renewable penetration levels in medium and large size island systems. The paper develops an optimization model for the day-ahead scheduling of isolated power systems, according to the recently established regulatory framework for the non-interconnected island systems of Greece. An annual simulation with HPSs of different sizes is carried out in the insular power system of Crete to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results are presented and discussed thoroughly.
{"title":"Integration of a hybrid power station in the insular power system of Crete","authors":"A. Ntomaris, S. I. Vagropoulos, A. Bakirtzis","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028875","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and diminishing fossil natural resources have motivated governments worldwide to incentivize the exploitation of the available renewable energy sources (RES). Saturated island systems have already exploited considerable amounts of the available renewable energy potential. However, technical limitations imposed by the conventional generation fleet restrict further RES development. Hybrid power stations (HPSs) consisting of pumped storage units that compensate for the variability of the renewable power generation have been seen as an emerging method to increase renewable penetration levels in medium and large size island systems. The paper develops an optimization model for the day-ahead scheduling of isolated power systems, according to the recently established regulatory framework for the non-interconnected island systems of Greece. An annual simulation with HPSs of different sizes is carried out in the insular power system of Crete to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results are presented and discussed thoroughly.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114333151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028874
Wanyu Cao, Jianzhong Wu, N. Jenkins
Soft Normally-Open Points (SNOPs) are power electronic devices installed at normally-open points in a distribution network. Such power-electronic devices are able to control power flow to balance loads between feeders, reduce network losses and regulate voltage. The performance of SNOPs for feeder load balancing in a medium voltage distribution network was investigated. Steady state models of two different types of SNOP were developed: a back to back voltage-source converter and unified power flow controller. The benefits of using SNOPs were quantified by solving a combinational nonlinear optimization using Powell's direct set method. The IEEE 33-bus power system was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of SNOPs. Different numbers and types of SNOP devices were considered. The superiority of using SNOP was shown by comparing them with the conventional network reconfiguration.
{"title":"Feeder load balancing in MV distribution networks using soft normally-open points","authors":"Wanyu Cao, Jianzhong Wu, N. Jenkins","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028874","url":null,"abstract":"Soft Normally-Open Points (SNOPs) are power electronic devices installed at normally-open points in a distribution network. Such power-electronic devices are able to control power flow to balance loads between feeders, reduce network losses and regulate voltage. The performance of SNOPs for feeder load balancing in a medium voltage distribution network was investigated. Steady state models of two different types of SNOP were developed: a back to back voltage-source converter and unified power flow controller. The benefits of using SNOPs were quantified by solving a combinational nonlinear optimization using Powell's direct set method. The IEEE 33-bus power system was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of SNOPs. Different numbers and types of SNOP devices were considered. The superiority of using SNOP was shown by comparing them with the conventional network reconfiguration.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116515200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028761
S. Chakraborty, Shin Nakamura, T. Okabe
This paper presents an optimal coalition formation mechanism of microgrids in a smart distribution system and analyzes the characteristics from the coalitional game theoretical perspective. Microgrids coalitions can minimize the energy burden and dependency on the utility grid by maximizing intra-coalition energy transfer. A Hierarchical Coalition Formation (HR Coalition) mechanism is designed to form cooperative microgrids by determining optimal coalition among microgrids. The optimality is realized by reaching a state of cooperative equilibrium where sticking to the associated coalitions is the best response for all microgirds. We argued that the proposed HR Coalition scheme contains the optimality property and is proved to be scalable enough to participate in real-time operation. An equivalent pricing mechanism is also designed to support the coalition formation. Conducted simulation results back the claims while presenting the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of forming optimal coalition and minimizing loss in distribution system.
{"title":"Scalable and optimal coalition formation of microgrids in a distribution system","authors":"S. Chakraborty, Shin Nakamura, T. Okabe","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028761","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an optimal coalition formation mechanism of microgrids in a smart distribution system and analyzes the characteristics from the coalitional game theoretical perspective. Microgrids coalitions can minimize the energy burden and dependency on the utility grid by maximizing intra-coalition energy transfer. A Hierarchical Coalition Formation (HR Coalition) mechanism is designed to form cooperative microgrids by determining optimal coalition among microgrids. The optimality is realized by reaching a state of cooperative equilibrium where sticking to the associated coalitions is the best response for all microgirds. We argued that the proposed HR Coalition scheme contains the optimality property and is proved to be scalable enough to participate in real-time operation. An equivalent pricing mechanism is also designed to support the coalition formation. Conducted simulation results back the claims while presenting the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of forming optimal coalition and minimizing loss in distribution system.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126243931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028821
Yubo Wang, H. Nazaripouya, C. Chu, R. Gadh, H. Pota
Integration of Electrical Vehicles (EVs) with power grid not only brings new challenges for load management, but also opportunities for distributed storage and generation. This paper comprehensively models and analyzes distributed Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) for automatic load sharing with driver preference. In a micro-grid with limited communications, V2G EVs need to decide load sharing based on their own power and voltage profile. A droop based controller taking into account driver preference is proposed in this paper to address the distributed control of EVs. Simulations are designed for three fundamental V2G automatic load sharing scenarios that include all system dynamics of such applications. Simulation results demonstrate that active power sharing is achieved proportionally among V2G EVs with consideration of driver preference. In additional, the results also verify the system stability and reactive power sharing analysis in system modelling, which sheds light on large scale V2G automatic load sharing in more complicated cases.
{"title":"Vehicle-to-grid automatic load sharing with driver preference in micro-grids","authors":"Yubo Wang, H. Nazaripouya, C. Chu, R. Gadh, H. Pota","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028821","url":null,"abstract":"Integration of Electrical Vehicles (EVs) with power grid not only brings new challenges for load management, but also opportunities for distributed storage and generation. This paper comprehensively models and analyzes distributed Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) for automatic load sharing with driver preference. In a micro-grid with limited communications, V2G EVs need to decide load sharing based on their own power and voltage profile. A droop based controller taking into account driver preference is proposed in this paper to address the distributed control of EVs. Simulations are designed for three fundamental V2G automatic load sharing scenarios that include all system dynamics of such applications. Simulation results demonstrate that active power sharing is achieved proportionally among V2G EVs with consideration of driver preference. In additional, the results also verify the system stability and reactive power sharing analysis in system modelling, which sheds light on large scale V2G automatic load sharing in more complicated cases.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134412158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028888
M. Ampatzis, P. Nguyen, W. Kling
The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources at the distribution grid level creates concerns about their successful integration in the existing electric grid, designed for centralized generation by large power plants. Failure to the proper integration of distributed energy resources might lead to violation of technical limits in the grid, thus lower power quality for the end-user, and reduces the efficiency of the electricity market. Nevertheless, the coexistence of generation and consumption at the premises of a neighborhood, caused by the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic generators in the distribution grid, diminishes the power transmission losses, inherent to a grid based on central power generation. Moreover, it enables the creation of a local electricity market, a step towards the market and technical integration of distributed energy resources if combined with the concept of market-based control. While market-based control seems to be the dominant solution for the control of distributed energy resources, the implementation of market-based control can be distributed or centralized and depends on the electricity market design. This work focuses on identifying the characteristics of the participants of the electricity market for the case study of residential customers with photovoltaic generation, residential energy storage and inelastic demand. Design choices are derived based on these characteristics in order to realize market-based control for the coordination of distributed energy resources via an efficient local electricity market.
{"title":"Local electricity market design for the coordination of distributed energy resources at district level","authors":"M. Ampatzis, P. Nguyen, W. Kling","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028888","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources at the distribution grid level creates concerns about their successful integration in the existing electric grid, designed for centralized generation by large power plants. Failure to the proper integration of distributed energy resources might lead to violation of technical limits in the grid, thus lower power quality for the end-user, and reduces the efficiency of the electricity market. Nevertheless, the coexistence of generation and consumption at the premises of a neighborhood, caused by the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic generators in the distribution grid, diminishes the power transmission losses, inherent to a grid based on central power generation. Moreover, it enables the creation of a local electricity market, a step towards the market and technical integration of distributed energy resources if combined with the concept of market-based control. While market-based control seems to be the dominant solution for the control of distributed energy resources, the implementation of market-based control can be distributed or centralized and depends on the electricity market design. This work focuses on identifying the characteristics of the participants of the electricity market for the case study of residential customers with photovoltaic generation, residential energy storage and inelastic demand. Design choices are derived based on these characteristics in order to realize market-based control for the coordination of distributed energy resources via an efficient local electricity market.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"369 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132877004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028787
L. Merciadri, S. Mathieu, D. Ernst, Q. Louveaux
We consider a price signal with two settings: off-peak tariff and on-peak tariff. Some loads are connected to specific electricity meters which allow the consumption of power only in off-peak periods. Historically, off-peak periods were located during the night and on-peak periods during the day. Changing the assignment of off-peak periods is an easy method for distribution system operators to access to the flexibility of small consumers. This solution can be implemented quickly as the infrastructure needed already exists in some countries. We propose a mixed-integer linear model to assign optimally the off-peak hours so as to minimize a societal cost. This cost gathers together the cost of electricity, the financial losses due to energy curtailments of photovoltaic installations and the loads' wellbeing. Our model considers automatic tripping of inverters and constraints of the electrical distribution networks. Simulation results show that the new disposition of off-peak hours could reduce significantly the photovoltaic energy curtailed in the summer.
{"title":"Optimal assignment of off-peak hours to lower curtailments in the distribution network","authors":"L. Merciadri, S. Mathieu, D. Ernst, Q. Louveaux","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028787","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a price signal with two settings: off-peak tariff and on-peak tariff. Some loads are connected to specific electricity meters which allow the consumption of power only in off-peak periods. Historically, off-peak periods were located during the night and on-peak periods during the day. Changing the assignment of off-peak periods is an easy method for distribution system operators to access to the flexibility of small consumers. This solution can be implemented quickly as the infrastructure needed already exists in some countries. We propose a mixed-integer linear model to assign optimally the off-peak hours so as to minimize a societal cost. This cost gathers together the cost of electricity, the financial losses due to energy curtailments of photovoltaic installations and the loads' wellbeing. Our model considers automatic tripping of inverters and constraints of the electrical distribution networks. Simulation results show that the new disposition of off-peak hours could reduce significantly the photovoltaic energy curtailed in the summer.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133297891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028864
O. Sakamoto, K. Ishii
Owing to the recent requirement for smart grids, the efficient utilization of electric power including motor control with power electronics apparatus has become important. To verify control effect under conditions similar to those of a real power system, electromagnetic transient (EMT) analysis software is very useful. In the EMT analysis of power systems, the modeling method used for rotating machines has a large impact on the accuracy and efficiency of the analysis. In this paper, a new squirrel-cage induction machine model for XTAP as a voltage source behind the primary winding leakage reactance (VBR) model is proposed. The noteworthy feature of the method is the calculation procedure using a two-stage diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta (2S-DIRK) method, second-order Runge-Kutta method (RK2), and αβ and dq transformations without any prediction. This approach is considered to enhance the numerical stability of transient analyses including those of rotating machines by explicitly limiting the calculation errors through the use of RK2.
{"title":"A new VBR modeling of squirrel-cage induction machine for power system analysis with XTAP","authors":"O. Sakamoto, K. Ishii","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028864","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to the recent requirement for smart grids, the efficient utilization of electric power including motor control with power electronics apparatus has become important. To verify control effect under conditions similar to those of a real power system, electromagnetic transient (EMT) analysis software is very useful. In the EMT analysis of power systems, the modeling method used for rotating machines has a large impact on the accuracy and efficiency of the analysis. In this paper, a new squirrel-cage induction machine model for XTAP as a voltage source behind the primary winding leakage reactance (VBR) model is proposed. The noteworthy feature of the method is the calculation procedure using a two-stage diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta (2S-DIRK) method, second-order Runge-Kutta method (RK2), and αβ and dq transformations without any prediction. This approach is considered to enhance the numerical stability of transient analyses including those of rotating machines by explicitly limiting the calculation errors through the use of RK2.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115742461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028779
D. E. M. Bondy, G. Costanzo, K. Heussen, Henrik W. Bindner
Aggregation algorithms that provide services to the grid via demand side management are moving from research ideas to the market. With the diversity of the technology delivering such services, it becomes essential to establish transparent performance standards from a service delivery perspective. This paper formulates performance measures and an index to evaluate in hindsight the quality of service delivery by an aggregator, both with respect to ancillary service and asset management service. The index is based on requirements formulated in service contracts and provides an overall assessment of the quality of service provided by an aggregation control algorithm. By a detailed case study we present and an application of the index, comparing the performance of two different control architectures for demand side management delivering a distribution grid service.
{"title":"Performance assessment of aggregation control services for demand response","authors":"D. E. M. Bondy, G. Costanzo, K. Heussen, Henrik W. Bindner","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEUROPE.2014.7028779","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregation algorithms that provide services to the grid via demand side management are moving from research ideas to the market. With the diversity of the technology delivering such services, it becomes essential to establish transparent performance standards from a service delivery perspective. This paper formulates performance measures and an index to evaluate in hindsight the quality of service delivery by an aggregator, both with respect to ancillary service and asset management service. The index is based on requirements formulated in service contracts and provides an overall assessment of the quality of service provided by an aggregation control algorithm. By a detailed case study we present and an application of the index, comparing the performance of two different control architectures for demand side management delivering a distribution grid service.","PeriodicalId":299515,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116193178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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