Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100010
Liliana Melián-Fleitas, Álvaro Moisés Franco-Pérez, Javier Sanz Valero
Objective: Bibliometric and thematic analysis of scientific production on occupational health related to nutrition, food and diet indexed in MEDLINE. Method: Cross-sectional study. The data were obtained from the MEDLINE database (PubMed). The search equation was “Diet, Food, and Nutrition”[Mesh] AND “Occupational Health”[Mesh] AND “HUMANS”[MeSH Terms]. The main bibliometric indicators were analysed. The search was segmented by epochs (first period from the year 1949 to 2008 and second period from 2009 to 2017). Search date: February 2018. Results: 386 references were analysed. The original number was 229 (59.3%), identifying 248 institutions and collaboration index of 4.0 ± 2.9 authors / article, being 16 the maximum and 2015 the year of highest production. The average of documents was 15.6 years and the Price Index 28.5%. The United States of America was the main geographical distribution area with 115 works, being English the dominant language in 286 articles. 233 journals were retrieved. There was free access to 126 articles. There were significant differences between the indicators analysed by epochs. Conclusions: Existence of relative obsolescence, Anglophone orientation and American affiliation. It is an institutional author collaboration which is limited and outstanding, with wide free access to the primary document and irregular impact publications. The bibliometric indicators were clearly improved from the year 2008. The thematic classification complied with the researched subject. The thematic is still under development due to the potential benefits for workers, companies and governments
{"title":"Análisis bibliométrico y temático de la producción científica sobre salud laboral relacionada con nutrición, alimentación y dieta, indexada en MEDLINE","authors":"Liliana Melián-Fleitas, Álvaro Moisés Franco-Pérez, Javier Sanz Valero","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Bibliometric and thematic analysis of scientific production on occupational health related to nutrition, food and diet indexed in MEDLINE. \u0000Method: Cross-sectional study. The data were obtained from the MEDLINE database (PubMed). The search equation was “Diet, Food, and Nutrition”[Mesh] AND “Occupational Health”[Mesh] AND “HUMANS”[MeSH Terms]. The main bibliometric indicators were analysed. The search was segmented by epochs (first period from the year 1949 to 2008 and second period from 2009 to 2017). Search date: February 2018. \u0000Results: 386 references were analysed. The original number was 229 (59.3%), identifying 248 institutions and collaboration index of 4.0 ± 2.9 authors / article, being 16 the maximum and 2015 the year of highest production. The average of documents was 15.6 years and the Price Index 28.5%. The United States of America was the main geographical distribution area with 115 works, being English the dominant language in 286 articles. 233 journals were retrieved. There was free access to 126 articles. There were significant differences between the indicators analysed by epochs. \u0000Conclusions: Existence of relative obsolescence, Anglophone orientation and American affiliation. It is an institutional author collaboration which is limited and outstanding, with wide free access to the primary document and irregular impact publications. The bibliometric indicators were clearly improved from the year \u00002008. The thematic classification complied with the researched subject. The thematic is still under development due to the potential benefits for workers, companies and governments","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49068162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100001
María Jesús Terradillos García
{"title":"Mirando hacia el futuro","authors":"María Jesús Terradillos García","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44144451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100003
J. Caballero
espanolLa publicacion de la Orden SAS/1348/2009 aprueba el primer programa formativo de Enfermeria del Trabajo que define un nuevo marco de actuacion basado en el desarrollo de distintas competencias adquiridas en los ambitos preventivo, asistencial, legal y pericial, gestion, docencia e investigacion. En este desarrollo especifico de sus competencias profesionales, el articulo profundiza en el valor anadido que constituye para las organizaciones desarrollar intervenciones con enfoque preventivo en el medio laboral por parte de esta especialidad enfermera, impacto que se constata por distintas instituciones (Organizacion Mundial de la Salud, Asociacion Internacional de la Seguridad Social y The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), asociaciones profesionales (American Association of Occupational Health Nurses y Federation of Occupational Health within the European Union) y que entiende prioritaria su implantacion la Ley 33/2011 General de Salud Publica y la Comision Nacional de la especialidad de Enfermeria del Trabajo EnglishThe Spanish Official State Gazette (BOE) approves under the SAS Order 1348/2009 the first training program of Occupational Health Nursing defining a new action framework based on the development of different competences acquired in the preventive, clinical care, legal expertise services, management, teaching and research areas. In this specific development of their professional skills, the article dwells upon the added value causing organizations to develop interventions with a preventive approach in the workplace by this specialty nurse, impact that is noted by different institutions (World Health Organization, International Association of Social Security and The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), professional associations (American Association of Occupational Health Nurses and Federation of Occupational Health within the European Union) and which considers its implementation as a priority Law 33/2011 General Public Health and the National Commission of the specialty of Occupational Health Nursing
{"title":"Enfermería del Trabajo, un valor añadido en las organizaciones","authors":"J. Caballero","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100003","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa publicacion de la Orden SAS/1348/2009 aprueba el primer programa formativo de Enfermeria del Trabajo que define un nuevo marco de actuacion basado en el desarrollo de distintas competencias adquiridas en los ambitos preventivo, asistencial, legal y pericial, gestion, docencia e investigacion. En este desarrollo especifico de sus competencias profesionales, el articulo profundiza en el valor anadido que constituye para las organizaciones desarrollar intervenciones con enfoque preventivo en el medio laboral por parte de esta especialidad enfermera, impacto que se constata por distintas instituciones (Organizacion Mundial de la Salud, Asociacion Internacional de la Seguridad Social y The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), asociaciones profesionales (American Association of Occupational Health Nurses y Federation of Occupational Health within the European Union) y que entiende prioritaria su implantacion la Ley 33/2011 General de Salud Publica y la Comision Nacional de la especialidad de Enfermeria del Trabajo EnglishThe Spanish Official State Gazette (BOE) approves under the SAS Order 1348/2009 the first training program of Occupational Health Nursing defining a new action framework based on the development of different competences acquired in the preventive, clinical care, legal expertise services, management, teaching and research areas. In this specific development of their professional skills, the article dwells upon the added value causing organizations to develop interventions with a preventive approach in the workplace by this specialty nurse, impact that is noted by different institutions (World Health Organization, International Association of Social Security and The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), professional associations (American Association of Occupational Health Nurses and Federation of Occupational Health within the European Union) and which considers its implementation as a priority Law 33/2011 General Public Health and the National Commission of the specialty of Occupational Health Nursing","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41274932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100024
Tania Arenal-Gota, Juan Luis Viana-Gárriz, T. Belzunegui-Otano
Objective: To determine the prevalence of Burnout in out-of-hospital emergency medical personnel. Material and methods: Observational, descriptive and transversal study. A professional data sheet and the Maslach Burnout Inventory of 22 items were applied. In order to get the absolute and relative frequencies a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. In addition to the mean and the standard deviation, a contrast to the Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis and the Wilcoxon hypothesis was shown. In order to analyze the reliability and validity of the scale, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were obtained for the 3 subscales. Results: Regarding the time worked in the professional category, the drivers who have been driving for less than a year have higher levels of burnout. In relation to the type of contract are those of fixed-term contract. The worse the state of health (regular or bad) is, the greater the burnout. Single people have greater emotional exhaustion. The fact of not working with the same partners also increases this phenomenon. Burnout does not occur in workers with 24-hour shift, but it occurs in other shifts. Due to the small size of the short-time working sample, no statistical differences were found in the score. Conclusions: The interest of this study lies in knowing the emotional exhaustion level from the out-ofhospital emergency professionals, as well as evidencing the need to take preventive measures. The results of our study are in line with those published
{"title":"¿Presenta desgaste profesional el personal de urgencias extrahospitalarias?. Resultados Encuestas de Malasch","authors":"Tania Arenal-Gota, Juan Luis Viana-Gárriz, T. Belzunegui-Otano","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of Burnout in out-of-hospital emergency medical personnel. \u0000Material and methods: Observational, descriptive and transversal study. A professional data sheet and the Maslach Burnout Inventory of 22 items were applied. In order to get the absolute and relative frequencies a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. In addition to the mean and the standard deviation, a contrast to the Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis and the Wilcoxon hypothesis was shown. In order to analyze the reliability and validity of the scale, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were obtained for the 3 subscales. \u0000Results: Regarding the time worked in the professional category, the drivers who have been driving for less than a year have higher levels of burnout. In relation to the type of contract are those of fixed-term contract. The worse the state of health (regular or bad) is, the greater the burnout. Single people have greater \u0000emotional exhaustion. The fact of not working with the same partners also increases this phenomenon. Burnout does not occur in workers with 24-hour shift, but it occurs in other shifts. Due to the small size of the short-time working sample, no statistical differences were found in the score. \u0000Conclusions: The interest of this study lies in knowing the emotional exhaustion level from the out-ofhospital emergency professionals, as well as evidencing the need to take preventive measures. The results of our study are in line with those published","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46742801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100049
Caridad León Robles
A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in which health workers voluntarily participated, these were statutory staff from 62 to 64 years from a tertiary referral hospital. Objective: To identify the relationship between the Level of Work Ability Index (WAI) with their voluntary early retirement intentions. To this end, the questionnaire, translated from the WAI of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health together with another questionnaire with socio-labor questions, was applied. Results: 56 workers participated (physicians, nursing assistants and nurses). We found out that 100% of those with an impaired WAI had the intention to retire early (Fisher p: 0.019). The Early Retirement Intentions were decreasing as the age increased (X2 for trend line: 4.61, p = 0.03). 73% of nursing assistants followed by 65% of nurses and 14. 2% of physicians (Fisher p: 0.019) intended to retire early. More than 50% of the workers who had intentions of early retirement worked on a rotating shift and 79% of them had intentions of early retirement unlike other shifts (Fisher p 0.048). Swift work has 3 times more risk of considering early retirement than the rest of the shifts (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.13- 12.6, p = 0.0298)
进行了一项横断面分析研究，自愿参加的卫生工作者是三级转诊医院62至64岁的法定工作人员。目的:探讨工作能力指数(WAI)水平与自愿提前退休意愿的关系。为此目的，采用了翻译自芬兰职业健康研究所WAI的调查问卷和另一份载有社会劳动问题的调查问卷。结果:共有56名工作人员(医师、护理员、护士)参与。我们发现，所有WAI受损的人都有提前退休的打算(Fisher p: 0.019)。随着年龄的增长，提前退休意愿呈下降趋势(趋势线X2: 4.61, p = 0.03)。73%的护理助理，其次是65%的护士和14。2%的医生(Fisher p: 0.019)打算提前退休。在有提前退休打算的员工中，超过50%的人在轮班制中工作，其中79%的人有与其他班次不同的提前退休打算(Fisher p 0.048)。快速工作的人考虑提前退休的风险是其他班次的3倍(OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.13- 12.6, p = 0.0298)
{"title":"Índice de Capacidad de Trabajo (ICT) en personal sanitario de edad avanzada e intención de jubilación anticipada","authors":"Caridad León Robles","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100049","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in which health workers voluntarily participated, these were statutory staff from 62 to 64 years from a tertiary referral hospital. \u0000Objective: To identify the relationship between the Level of Work Ability Index (WAI) with their voluntary early retirement intentions. To this end, the questionnaire, translated from the WAI of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health together with another questionnaire with socio-labor questions, was applied. Results: 56 workers participated (physicians, nursing assistants and nurses). We found out that 100% of those with an impaired WAI had the intention to retire early (Fisher p: 0.019). The Early Retirement Intentions were decreasing as the age increased (X2 for trend line: 4.61, p = 0.03). 73% of nursing assistants followed by 65% of nurses and 14. 2% of physicians (Fisher p: 0.019) intended to retire early. More than 50% of the workers who had intentions of early retirement worked on a rotating shift and 79% of them had intentions of early retirement unlike other shifts (Fisher p 0.048). Swift work has 3 times more risk of considering early retirement than the rest of the shifts (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.13- 12.6, p = 0.0298)","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48734554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100059
Ángela Kenia Baines Camps, Alberto Daniel Levy Moshe, María Fernanda Visconti Pimentel, J. Sanz-Valero
Introduccion: La neoplasia de prostata es la enfermedad maligna mas comun de los paises desarrollados y la segunda causa de muerte a nivel mundial. Objetivos: Revisar la literatura cientifica existente sobre la aparicion de neoplasias de prostata asociada a la exposicion laboral al cadmio y/o sus compuestos. Metodos: Revision sistematica de la literatura cientifica recogida en las bases de datos bibliograficas MEDLINE (via PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus y Web of Science. Los terminos utilizados, como descriptores y texto libre en titulo y resumen, fueron: «Cadmium», «Cadmium Compounds», «Cadmium Radioisotopes», «Cadmium Isotopes», «Cadmium Chloride», «Cadmium Poisoning», «Itai Itai», «Prostatic Neoplasms», «Prostatic Neoplasm», «Prostate Neoplasm», «Prostate Cancer», «Cancer of the Prostate», «Prostatic Cancer», «Cancer of Prostate» y «Occupational Exposure». Se utilizaron los filtros (limites) «humanos» y «adultos» (19+ anos). Resultados: Se recuperaron 114 referencias, de las que se pudieron obtener a texto completo 14 articulos tras aplicar los criterios de inclusion y exclusion. En ellos se describe la asociacion entre exposicion laboral al cadmio y el desarrollo de neoplasia de prostata. Conclusiones: A pesar de obtener unos resultados que evaluan el desarrollo de neoplasia de prostata tras la exposicion al cadmio o a sus compuestos, no existe suficiente evidencia que demuestre su efecto carcinogenico en el ambito laboral, por lo que serian necesarios nuevos estudios que aporten evidencia en relacion a este tema
前言:前列腺癌是发达国家最常见的恶性疾病，也是全球第二大死亡原因。目的:回顾现有的科学文献，关于前列腺癌的出现与镉和/或其化合物的职业暴露。方法:系统回顾MEDLINE(通过PubMed)、The Cochrane Library、Scopus和Web of Science文献数据库中的科学文献。在标题和摘要中作为描述符和自由文本使用的术语有:“镉”、“镉化合物”、“镉放射性同位素”、“镉同位素”、“氯化镉”、“镉中毒”、“Itai Itai”、“前列腺肿瘤”、“前列腺肿瘤”、“前列腺癌”、“前列腺癌”、“前列腺癌”、“前列腺癌”和“职业暴露”。使用了“人类”和“成人”(19岁以上)过滤器(限制)。结果:我们检索了114篇参考文献，应用纳入和排除标准后，检索了14篇全文文章。本研究的目的是评估职业暴露于镉与前列腺癌发展之间的关系。结论:尽管获得皮肤癌evaluan发展结果后prostata exposicion镉或其化合物,没有足够的证据证明其效果carcinogenico劳动的,因此将需要新的关系提供证据研究这个问题
{"title":"Neoplasia de próstata en trabajadores expuestos al cadmio y/o sus compuestos: revisión sistemática","authors":"Ángela Kenia Baines Camps, Alberto Daniel Levy Moshe, María Fernanda Visconti Pimentel, J. Sanz-Valero","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100059","url":null,"abstract":"Introduccion: La neoplasia de prostata es la enfermedad maligna mas comun de los paises desarrollados y la segunda causa de muerte a nivel mundial. \u0000Objetivos: Revisar la literatura cientifica existente sobre la aparicion de neoplasias de prostata asociada a la exposicion laboral al cadmio y/o sus compuestos. \u0000Metodos: Revision sistematica de la literatura cientifica recogida en las bases de datos bibliograficas MEDLINE (via PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus y Web of Science. Los terminos utilizados, como descriptores y texto libre en titulo y resumen, fueron: «Cadmium», «Cadmium Compounds», «Cadmium \u0000Radioisotopes», «Cadmium Isotopes», «Cadmium Chloride», «Cadmium Poisoning», «Itai Itai», «Prostatic Neoplasms», «Prostatic Neoplasm», «Prostate Neoplasm», «Prostate Cancer», «Cancer of the Prostate», «Prostatic Cancer», «Cancer of Prostate» y «Occupational Exposure». Se utilizaron los filtros (limites) «humanos» y «adultos» (19+ anos). \u0000Resultados: Se recuperaron 114 referencias, de las que se pudieron obtener a texto completo 14 articulos tras aplicar los criterios de inclusion y exclusion. En ellos se describe la asociacion entre exposicion laboral al cadmio y el desarrollo de neoplasia de prostata. \u0000Conclusiones: A pesar de obtener unos resultados que evaluan el desarrollo de neoplasia de prostata tras la exposicion al cadmio o a sus compuestos, no existe suficiente evidencia que demuestre su efecto carcinogenico en el ambito laboral, por lo que serian necesarios nuevos estudios que aporten evidencia en \u0000relacion a este tema","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41878253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400002
Ciro Martínez Oropesa
espanolIntroduccion: El proceso de gestion de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos (PGSBC), se basa en el desarrollo de observaciones a las personas en el cumplimiento de las tareas y retroalimentacion de informacion y reforzamiento positivo en tiempo real, con el proposito de eliminar los comportamientos a riesgos observados, asi como, en algunos de los casos mas avanzados, modificar los factores ambientales y organizativos que los originan. Esta reflexion se desarrollo con el objetivo de brindar un marco referencial resumido sobre la gestion de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos y aportar datos y fundamentos que permiten resaltar los beneficios e impactos para las empresas. Se realizaron revisiones de una importante informacion publicada sobre resultados de este proceso. De esta reflexion se deducen y resumen cambios e impactos positivos en la gestion de la seguridad en muchas empresas en las ultimas decadas, basada en indicadores proactivos y reactivos de la Seguridad Industrial. EnglishThe behavior based safety process (PGSBC), is based on observations of people developing tasks and getting feedback in the form of positive reinforcement in real time, with the aim of eliminating risky behaviors observed and, in some of the more advanced cases, to modify the environmental and organizational factors that cause them. This reflection was developed with the aim of providing a summarized framework on behavior based safety and provide data and rationale that highlights the benefits and impacts for businesses. Reviews of important information published on the process results were performed. From this reflection the changes and positive impacts on safety management in many companies in recent decades have been deducted and summarized, based on proactive and reactive indicators of Industrial safety.
espanolIntroduccion:进程管理、基于安全行为(PGSBC),是以发展以人为本意见执行任务和retroalimentacion实时信息和积极加强,目的是消除危险的行为,就是观察到,在一些情况中最先进的,修改环境和组织因素的。本反思的目的是提供一个基于行为的安全管理的简要参考框架，并提供数据和基础，以突出对公司的好处和影响。对关于这一进程结果的重要已发表资料进行了审查。从这一反思中，基于工业安全的主动和被动指标，推导和总结了近几十年来许多公司安全管理的变化和积极影响。EnglishThe behavior based安全process (PGSBC), is based on observations of people developing tasks and getting in the form of积极反馈0004 in real time with the aim of消除risky behaviors observed and, in some of the more advanced cases, to modify the environmental and organizational factors that引起的。制定这一思考的目的是提供一个关于基于行为的安全的综合框架，并提供数据和理由，突出对企业的好处和影响。对进程结果发表的重要资料进行了审查。从这一反映中，根据工业安全的主动和反应性指标，推断和总结了近几十年来许多公司安全管理方面的变化和积极影响。
{"title":"La gestión de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos: ¿un proceso que funciona?","authors":"Ciro Martínez Oropesa","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400002","url":null,"abstract":"espanolIntroduccion: El proceso de gestion de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos (PGSBC), se basa en el desarrollo de observaciones a las personas en el cumplimiento de las tareas y retroalimentacion de informacion y reforzamiento positivo en tiempo real, con el proposito de eliminar los comportamientos a riesgos observados, asi como, en algunos de los casos mas avanzados, modificar los factores ambientales y organizativos que los originan. Esta reflexion se desarrollo con el objetivo de brindar un marco referencial resumido sobre la gestion de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos y aportar datos y fundamentos que permiten resaltar los beneficios e impactos para las empresas. Se realizaron revisiones de una importante informacion publicada sobre resultados de este proceso. De esta reflexion se deducen y resumen cambios e impactos positivos en la gestion de la seguridad en muchas empresas en las ultimas decadas, basada en indicadores proactivos y reactivos de la Seguridad Industrial. EnglishThe behavior based safety process (PGSBC), is based on observations of people developing tasks and getting feedback in the form of positive reinforcement in real time, with the aim of eliminating risky behaviors observed and, in some of the more advanced cases, to modify the environmental and organizational factors that cause them. This reflection was developed with the aim of providing a summarized framework on behavior based safety and provide data and rationale that highlights the benefits and impacts for businesses. Reviews of important information published on the process results were performed. From this reflection the changes and positive impacts on safety management in many companies in recent decades have been deducted and summarized, based on proactive and reactive indicators of Industrial safety.","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":"61 1","pages":"424-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70443904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400007
Mayra Mevic Garrafa Núñez, M. Martín, Graciela Sánchez Lemus
espanolObjetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo desencadenantes de tenosinovitis en los trabajadores verificando que casos pueden ser considerados de origen laboral y reconocer las formas de presentacion mas frecuentes en relacion al ambito laboral. Metodologia: Se realiza una revision bibliografica de la literatura cientifica publicada en MedlinePubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS e IBECS en el periodo comprendido entre 2007 a 2014. Resultados: Se obtiene un total de 14 articulos entre los cuales 10 eran transversales y 4 son casos y controles. Todos ellos muestran una elevada probabilidad de desarrollar tenosinovitis en el ambito laboral. La relacion con movimientos repetitivos fue el factor de riesgo mas importante con OR > 2, seguido de posturas forzadas y el uso de herramientas vibratorias. Respecto a los factores psicosociales la depresion presenta una OR = 3,04 (IC95% 2,43-3,81) y la combinacion de movimiento repetitivo y el estres, OR = 4,94 (IC95% 3,532-6,91). Conclusion: Movimientos repetitivos, posturas forzadas y mantenidas, herramientas vibratorias, edad, ser mujer, raza blanca, estres fueron los factores de riesgo encontrados sin poder demostrar en ninguno causalidad, siendo los trastornos musculoesqueleticos mas prevalentes el sindrome del manguito de los rotadores, la enfermedad de De Quervain, dedo en gatillo y la epicondilitis lateral y medial. EnglishObjectives: To identify the workers tenosynovitis triggering risk factors verifying which can be considered work-related cases and recognizing the most frequently occurring form in the workplace. Methods: A literature review of the scientific literature published in PubMed-Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS and IBECS over the period 2007-2014 is performed. Results: A total of 14 items were obtained, among which 10 were cross-sectional items and 4 cases and controls. They all show a high probability of developing tenosynovitis at the workplace. The relationship with repetitive movements was the most important risk factor with OR > 2 followed by awkward postures and vibrating tools use. Regarding psychosocial factors of depression in an OR = 3.04 (CI95% 2.43-3.81) and the combination of repetitive motion and stress, OR = 4.94 (CI95% 3.532 to 6.91). Conclusion: Repetitive movements, enforced and maintained postures, vibrating tools, age, being female, white race, stress were the risk factors found, however it was not possible to demonstrate if it was merely coincidence. The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders were rotator cuff syndrome, Quervain’s disease, trigger finger and the lateral and medial epicondylitis.
目的:确定引起工人腱鞘炎的危险因素，确认哪些病例可被认为是工作引起的，并确定与工作环境相关的最常见的表现形式。方法:对MedlinePubMed、Cochrane Library、EMBASE、CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE、Scopus、LILACS和IBECS 2007 - 2014年发表的科学文献进行文献综述。结果:我们评估了两种类型的文献，一种是横断面文献，另一种是病例对照文献。所有这些都显示出在工作环境中发展腱鞘炎的高概率。在OR > 2中，与重复动作的关系是最重要的危险因素，其次是强迫姿势和使用振动工具。在心理社会因素方面，抑郁的OR = 3.04 (IC95% 2.43 - 3.81)，重复性运动和压力的结合OR = 4.94 (IC95% 3.532 - 6.91)。结论:强迫重复的动作,姿势和维持、vibratorias工具、年龄、成熟白色人种,过度劳累被发现的风险因素无法证明在任何因果关系,仍然是流行最musculoesqueleticos疾患的sindrome manguito Quervain rotadores、患病,手指在扳机和侧边epicondilitis medial。英文目标:查明引起腱鞘炎的工人，核实哪些风险因素可被视为与工作有关的病例，并查明工作场所最常见的形式。方法:对PubMed-Medline、Cochrane Library、EMBASE、CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE、Scopus、LILACS和IBECS 2007-2014年发表的科学文献进行文献综述。结果:共获得14个项目，其中10个是跨段项目，4个单元和控制。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的总面积为，其中土地和(1.5%)水。The relationship with repetitive运动was The most important风险因素with OR > 2由awkward postures及vibrating工具使用。关于抑郁的心理社会因素，OR = 3.04 (95% ci 2.43-3.81)和重复性运动与压力的结合，OR = 4.94 (95% ci 3.532 - 6.91)。结论:发现重复动作、强制和保持姿势、振动工具、年龄、女性、白人、压力是风险因素，但无法证明这是否是巧合。最常见的肌肉骨骼疾病是肌腱套综合征、Quervain 's disease、trigger finger和外侧和内侧上趾炎。
{"title":"Factores de riesgo laboral para tenosinovitis del miembro superior","authors":"Mayra Mevic Garrafa Núñez, M. Martín, Graciela Sánchez Lemus","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400007","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo desencadenantes de tenosinovitis en los trabajadores verificando que casos pueden ser considerados de origen laboral y reconocer las formas de presentacion mas frecuentes en relacion al ambito laboral. Metodologia: Se realiza una revision bibliografica de la literatura cientifica publicada en MedlinePubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS e IBECS en el periodo comprendido entre 2007 a 2014. Resultados: Se obtiene un total de 14 articulos entre los cuales 10 eran transversales y 4 son casos y controles. Todos ellos muestran una elevada probabilidad de desarrollar tenosinovitis en el ambito laboral. La relacion con movimientos repetitivos fue el factor de riesgo mas importante con OR > 2, seguido de posturas forzadas y el uso de herramientas vibratorias. Respecto a los factores psicosociales la depresion presenta una OR = 3,04 (IC95% 2,43-3,81) y la combinacion de movimiento repetitivo y el estres, OR = 4,94 (IC95% 3,532-6,91). Conclusion: Movimientos repetitivos, posturas forzadas y mantenidas, herramientas vibratorias, edad, ser mujer, raza blanca, estres fueron los factores de riesgo encontrados sin poder demostrar en ninguno causalidad, siendo los trastornos musculoesqueleticos mas prevalentes el sindrome del manguito de los rotadores, la enfermedad de De Quervain, dedo en gatillo y la epicondilitis lateral y medial. EnglishObjectives: To identify the workers tenosynovitis triggering risk factors verifying which can be considered work-related cases and recognizing the most frequently occurring form in the workplace. Methods: A literature review of the scientific literature published in PubMed-Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS and IBECS over the period 2007-2014 is performed. Results: A total of 14 items were obtained, among which 10 were cross-sectional items and 4 cases and controls. They all show a high probability of developing tenosynovitis at the workplace. The relationship with repetitive movements was the most important risk factor with OR > 2 followed by awkward postures and vibrating tools use. Regarding psychosocial factors of depression in an OR = 3.04 (CI95% 2.43-3.81) and the combination of repetitive motion and stress, OR = 4.94 (CI95% 3.532 to 6.91). Conclusion: Repetitive movements, enforced and maintained postures, vibrating tools, age, being female, white race, stress were the risk factors found, however it was not possible to demonstrate if it was merely coincidence. The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders were rotator cuff syndrome, Quervain’s disease, trigger finger and the lateral and medial epicondylitis.","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":"61 1","pages":"486-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70444014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400001
Victoria Ureña Villardiel, J. Blasco
En estos diez año hemos asistido a un fenómeno paradójico, por un lado la madurez de las estructuras docentes representadas por las Unidades Docentes de Medicina del Trabajo y Multiprofesionales y de los Centros Formativos de Referencia, dentro de los que debemos dirigir una especial atención a la Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, que como Institución ha tenido el acierto de trabajar por un proyecto de Curso Superior de Medicina del Trabajo abierto a la construcción junto con los Jefes de Estudios de la Unidades Docentes y Residentes. Esta convergencia en un Proyecto común ha permitido generar un espacio de innovación y progreso cuyo resultado ha sido una formación MIR de excelencia, como así lo evalúa el propio residente.
{"title":"Logros y retos en la formación especializada en medicina y enfermería del trabajo tras 10 años del programa oficial de la especialidad","authors":"Victoria Ureña Villardiel, J. Blasco","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400001","url":null,"abstract":"En estos diez año hemos asistido a un fenómeno paradójico, por un lado la madurez de las estructuras docentes representadas por las Unidades Docentes de Medicina del Trabajo y Multiprofesionales y de los Centros Formativos de Referencia, dentro de los que debemos dirigir una especial atención a la Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, que como Institución ha tenido el acierto de trabajar por un proyecto de Curso Superior de Medicina del Trabajo abierto a la construcción junto con los Jefes de Estudios de la Unidades Docentes y Residentes. Esta convergencia en un Proyecto común ha permitido generar un espacio de innovación y progreso cuyo resultado ha sido una formación MIR de excelencia, como así lo evalúa el propio residente.","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":"84 1","pages":"422-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70443859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400004
Óscar Andrés Cruz Martínez, Alba Idaly Muñoz Sánchez
espanolLa Salud y Seguridad en el trabajo son una prioridad en los trabajadores que cuidan la salud, dada su permanente exposicion a factores de riesgo en el proceso de trabajo que desarrollan. De forma particular, la exposicion a la tuberculosis en los trabajadores sanitarios, se considera una problematica frecuente y relevante en su estudio, lo cual precisa la necesidad de desarrollar procesos metodologicos y de validacion de instrumentos solidos, que contribuyan a la identificacion e intervencion de los factores de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores del sector salud a la tuberculosis. Objetivo: Disenar y validar un instrumento que permita identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los Trabajadores de la Salud a la Tuberculosis en Instituciones de Salud. Materiales y Metodos: Estudio de tipo metodologico, correspondiente al diseno y validacion de un instrumento en sus fases de validacion aparente y validacion de contenido, que permita identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los Trabajadores de la Salud a la Tuberculosis en Instituciones de Salud Resultados: Se efectuo el diseno del instrumento, en sus 4 dimensiones, 19 subdimensiones y 50 items, con su posterior validacion aparente en la poblacion objeto, mediante la valoracion de la comprensibilidad, en una muestra aleatoria de N° = (502) trabajadores de la salud de dos instituciones en las cuales se brinda atencion a pacientes con diagnostico de tuberculosis. La valoracion de la Comprensibilidad del instrumento en los trabajadores, fue del (97,8%). De igual manera, se realizo juicio de expertos y se obtuvo un indice mayor de > 0.58 en la comprension de los items con N= (0.90), una precision del N = (0.90), y una claridad del N = (0.92). En la validacion de contenido se obtuvo una razon de validez de Lawshe modificado por Tristan del N = (0,91), demostrando caracteristicas de validez aparente y de contenido. Conclusion: El diseno y validacion del instrumento (IVTS TB 001), a nivel de validez aparente obtuvo comprension de los items en la poblacion objeto de estudio. Asi mismo, obtiene resultados de comprension, precision, claridad, y en la validez de contenido en la relevancia de los items dada por los expertos, lo cual lo convierte en una herramienta de gran utilidad en el campo de la Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo en el sector salud, y en la evaluacion de los factores de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores de la salud a la tuberculosis. EnglishHealth and Safety at work is a priority for health care workers, given their permanent exposure to hazardous agents in the process of work. In particular, exposure to TB in health care workers is considered a common and important problem to be studied, which, in turn, requires the need to develop methodological processes and validation of robust tools that contribute to the identification and intervention vulnerabilities of health workers in the tuberculosis sector. Objective: To design and validate a tool to identify the level of vulnerability of Hea
西班牙工作场所的健康和安全是照顾健康的工人的优先事项，因为他们在工作过程中长期暴露于危险因素。特别是exposicion地结核病医疗工作者,被公认为problematica经常准确和相关的研究中,这需要发展过程仪器validacion metodologicos和自己完全有助于识别和诺脆弱性因素结核病卫生部门的工人。目的:设计和验证一种工具，以确定卫生机构中卫生工作者对结核病的脆弱性程度。材料和方法:方法学类型研究，对应于在表面验证和内容验证阶段的工具的设计和验证，以确定卫生机构中卫生工作者对结核病的脆弱性程度。结果:efectuo仪器设计,在其4维度,19 subdimensiones和50个项目,进一步明显validacion旨在通过valoracion不合清晰度,在随机抽样N°=(502)两个机构的卫生保健工作者提供了注意diagnostico结核病患者。这项研究的目的是评估仪器的可理解性。此外，还进行了专家判断，在N=(0.90)、N=(0.90)的精确度和N=(0.92)的清晰度下，获得了较高的项目理解指数> 0.58。在内容验证中，Tristan修改了Lawshe的效度比N =(0.91)，显示了表观效度和内容效度的特征。结论:仪器的设计和验证(IVTS TB 001)在表面效度水平上获得了对研究对象人群项目的理解。就这样,得到理解,precision,清晰的结果,在内容的有效性和相关性items,因为专家,这会成为一个有用的工具在健康和安全领域的卫生部门工作,并在evaluacion脆弱性因素结核病卫生工作者。工作场所的健康和安全是保健工作者的优先事项，因为他们在工作过程中经常接触危险物质。特别是,结核病的卫生保健工作者牢房a common和重要problem to be studied, which In turn,要求需要编写方法过程和验证的强劲的工具,有助于更好地识别和干预的漏洞保健工作者In the结核病部门。目标:设计和验证一种工具，以确定卫生工作者结核病在卫生设施中的脆弱性程度。材料和方法:方法、设计和验证一种工具的验证阶段和内容验证，以确定卫生机构中卫生工作者结核病的脆弱性水平。结果:在4个维度、19个子领域和50个项目中设计了仪器，随后在目标人群中进行了明显的验证，在随机抽样的No中进行了全面评估。=(502)保健工作者，为诊断为结核病的病人提供护理的两个机构。该工具在目标人群中的综合性评估为(97.8%)。同样，在专家判断中，对N =(0.90)、准确性N =(0.90)和清晰度N =(0.92)项的理解率为> 0.58。在内容验证一项合理的法律中，特里斯坦·N =(0.91)修正了内容验证，说明了人脸和内容验证工具的特点。结论:该仪器(IVTS TB-001)的设计和验证在验证水平上对研究人群获得的项目的明显理解。,结果获得也评估face有效性of understanding,准确性,clarity, and content有效性in the的of the items进行专家咨询,which曾非常有用tool in the field of Health and安全at Work in the Health部门which其次确定the level of Health工人的脆弱性的期盼to结核病卫生机构和漏洞评估保健工作者to肺结核。
{"title":"Validación de instrumento para identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores de la salud a la tuberculosis en instituciones de salud (IVTS TB-001)","authors":"Óscar Andrés Cruz Martínez, Alba Idaly Muñoz Sánchez","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400004","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa Salud y Seguridad en el trabajo son una prioridad en los trabajadores que cuidan la salud, dada su permanente exposicion a factores de riesgo en el proceso de trabajo que desarrollan. De forma particular, la exposicion a la tuberculosis en los trabajadores sanitarios, se considera una problematica frecuente y relevante en su estudio, lo cual precisa la necesidad de desarrollar procesos metodologicos y de validacion de instrumentos solidos, que contribuyan a la identificacion e intervencion de los factores de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores del sector salud a la tuberculosis. Objetivo: Disenar y validar un instrumento que permita identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los Trabajadores de la Salud a la Tuberculosis en Instituciones de Salud. Materiales y Metodos: Estudio de tipo metodologico, correspondiente al diseno y validacion de un instrumento en sus fases de validacion aparente y validacion de contenido, que permita identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los Trabajadores de la Salud a la Tuberculosis en Instituciones de Salud Resultados: Se efectuo el diseno del instrumento, en sus 4 dimensiones, 19 subdimensiones y 50 items, con su posterior validacion aparente en la poblacion objeto, mediante la valoracion de la comprensibilidad, en una muestra aleatoria de N° = (502) trabajadores de la salud de dos instituciones en las cuales se brinda atencion a pacientes con diagnostico de tuberculosis. La valoracion de la Comprensibilidad del instrumento en los trabajadores, fue del (97,8%). De igual manera, se realizo juicio de expertos y se obtuvo un indice mayor de > 0.58 en la comprension de los items con N= (0.90), una precision del N = (0.90), y una claridad del N = (0.92). En la validacion de contenido se obtuvo una razon de validez de Lawshe modificado por Tristan del N = (0,91), demostrando caracteristicas de validez aparente y de contenido. Conclusion: El diseno y validacion del instrumento (IVTS TB 001), a nivel de validez aparente obtuvo comprension de los items en la poblacion objeto de estudio. Asi mismo, obtiene resultados de comprension, precision, claridad, y en la validez de contenido en la relevancia de los items dada por los expertos, lo cual lo convierte en una herramienta de gran utilidad en el campo de la Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo en el sector salud, y en la evaluacion de los factores de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores de la salud a la tuberculosis. EnglishHealth and Safety at work is a priority for health care workers, given their permanent exposure to hazardous agents in the process of work. In particular, exposure to TB in health care workers is considered a common and important problem to be studied, which, in turn, requires the need to develop methodological processes and validation of robust tools that contribute to the identification and intervention vulnerabilities of health workers in the tuberculosis sector. Objective: To design and validate a tool to identify the level of vulnerability of Hea","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":"61 1","pages":"448-467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70443959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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