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Infrastructure in the Jungle: Infrastructure and Ideology in the Refugee Camps in Calais and Along the U.S.–Mexico Border 丛林中的基础设施:加莱和美墨边境难民营的基础设施和意识形态
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcaa002
Jasmine Erdener
This article examines infrastructures as a tool for managing populations, specifically migrants and refugees, and more broadly, infrastructure as a communicative trope for social belonging and citizenship. Infrastructure emerges as a key site of ideological contestation. Refugees and their advocates argue that infrastructural breakdowns require greater investment of resources and social care. Opponents point to infrastructural breakdowns as evidence that refugees and migrants do not belong and are a drain on national resources. Through a comparative case study analysis of the refugee camp in Calais, France, and at the U.S.–Mexico border, this article argues that infrastructure and infrastructural breakdowns mediate and communicate claims to territory, political recognition, and legitimacy.
本文将基础设施作为管理人口(特别是移民和难民)的工具,更广泛地说,将基础设施作为社会归属感和公民身份的交流修辞。基础设施成为意识形态争论的关键场所。难民和他们的支持者认为,基础设施的崩溃需要更多的资源投资和社会关怀。反对者指出,基础设施的崩溃证明难民和移民不属于这里,而且是国家资源的消耗。通过对法国加莱难民营和美国-墨西哥边境难民营的比较案例研究分析,本文认为基础设施和基础设施的故障调解并传达了对领土、政治承认和合法性的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Remaking the #Syllabus: Crowdsourcing Resistance Praxis as Critical Public Pedagogy 重制教学大纲:作为关键公共教育学的众包抵抗实践
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcaa017
Meredith D. Clark
Between 2014 and 2017, the creation of hashtag syllabi—bricolage iterations of reading lists created by or circulated among educators on Twitter—emerged as a direct response for teaching about three highly publicized incidents of racial violence in the United States. Educators used hashtags as a means of sharing resources with their networks to provide non-normative literatures from marginalized scholars for teaching to transgress in the wake of Mike Brown’s slaying in Ferguson, Missouri; the massacre of nine congregants at Emmanuel AME Church in Charleston, South Carolina; and the fatal car attack on anti-fascist protestors in Charlottesville, Virginia. Acting on Chakravartty et al.’s provocation to center scholars of color in course syllabi as a pedagogical strategy to disrupt the reification of white supremacy in communication and media studies, I consider the creation of three hashtag syllabi related to these events as a form of critical resistance praxis in the emerging framework of digital intersectionality theory. I present a brief textual analysis of the aforementioned syllabi, triangulated with data from online conversations linked to them via their hashtags and derivative works produced by their creators and users to map two social media assisted strategies for doing critical public pedagogy.
2014年至2017年期间,标签教学大纲的创建——由教育工作者在twitter上创建或传播的阅读清单的拼凑迭代——成为对美国三起高度公开的种族暴力事件教学的直接回应。在密苏里州弗格森发生迈克·布朗(Mike Brown)枪击案后,教育工作者将标签作为一种与他们的网络共享资源的手段,为教学提供来自边缘学者的非规范文献;南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿伊曼纽尔AME教堂9名会众被屠杀;以及弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔反法西斯抗议者遭遇的致命汽车袭击事件。Chakravartty等人在课程教学大纲中提出将有色人种学者作为一种教学策略,以破坏传播和媒体研究中白人至上主义的物化。有鉴于此,我认为在新兴的数字交叉性理论框架中,创建与这些事件相关的三个标签教学大纲是一种批判性抵抗实践形式。我对上述教学大纲进行了简要的文本分析,并与通过主题标签和创作者和用户制作的衍生作品与之相关的在线对话数据进行了三角分析,以绘制出两种社会媒体辅助的批判性公共教育学策略。
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引用次数: 8
#CommunicationSoWhite: Race and Power in the Academy and Beyond #CommunicationSoWhite:学院内外的种族与权力
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcaa011
Eve Ng, K. White, Anamik Saha
The debates and critiques of #CommunicationSoWhite have arisen as responses to troubling academic and political contexts, which are complexly intertwined. We are in the midst of widespread expansion and ascendance of white supremacy globally, as disturbingly evident in the trajectories, rhetoric, and actions of Donald Trump in the United States, the United Kingdom's Boris Johnson, and the Golden Dawn in Greece, alongside the growing power of right-wing and authoritarian regimes more generally: China under Xi, India under Modi, Brazil under Bolsonaro, and others. At this moment of such cultural and political crises, a critical mass of scholars, recognizing the centrality of media and communication in facilitating...
#CommunicationSoWhite的辩论和批评是对令人不安的学术和政治背景的回应,这些背景错综复杂地交织在一起。在这种文化和政治危机的时刻,一大批学者认识到媒体和传播在促进……
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引用次数: 25
Structural Limits to the De-Westernization of the Communication Field: The Editorial Board in Clarivate's JCR System 传播领域去西方化的结构性限制:科睿唯安JCR系统的编辑委员会
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcaa015
Afonso de Albuquerque, Thaiane Moreira de Oliveira, Marcelo Alves dos Santos Junior, Sofia Oliveira Firmo de Albuquerque
Since the 2000s, calls for de-Westernizing the international communication research have been common, but their practical result has been very modest, as the share of non-western countries remained minimal. This article explores the hypothesis that structural factors hamper the diversity in international media research, based on the analysis of the membership of journals listed in Clarivate's Journal of Citation Reports. The data demonstrate a strong unbalance in favor of the US -- and a particular group of US universities in special -- to the detriment of the non-Western countries. The article discusses these findings in reference to the emergence of academic capitalism and the global rankings logic, which is based on ``universal'' defined from a US (and secondarily Anglophonic) viewpoint. The JCR system plays an important role in this schema, as it artificially introduces scarcity in the international publishing system and, therefore, concentrates symbolic power in the hands of a few.
自2000年代以来,国际传播研究“去西方化”的呼声一直很普遍,但其实际效果非常有限,因为非西方国家的份额仍然很小。本文通过对Clarivate《Journal of Citation Reports》期刊成员的分析,探讨了结构性因素阻碍国际媒体研究多样性的假设。数据显示出一种强烈的不平衡,这种不平衡有利于美国,特别是一群美国大学,而不利于非西方国家。本文将根据学术资本主义的出现和全球排名逻辑来讨论这些发现,全球排名逻辑是基于美国(其次是英语国家)观点所定义的“普遍”。JCR系统在这一模式中扮演着重要的角色,因为它人为地在国际出版系统中引入了稀缺性,因此将象征性的权力集中在少数人手中。
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引用次数: 4
From Hashtag Activism to Inclusion and Diversity in a Discipline 从标签行动主义到学科的包容性和多样性
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcaa014
D. Murthy
Many science and engineering fields in Anglo-American countries have been pursuing aggressive diversity and inclusion programs to redress historical marginalization of underrepresented minorities. Though Communication has and continues to make important strides through various initiatives, the discipline has much more to do to achieve inclusivity. Examining tweets posted during the International Communication Association (ICA) 2019 annual conference using social network analysis and content analysis, this essay illustrates how the Twitter-based discussion around diversity was not heard enough outside the ghettoized spaces of the discipline. Therefore, I argue that we urgently need, as a discipline, to work more actively towards greater diversity and inclusivity. The future diversity of the Communication discipline depends on concerted efforts now.
英美国家的许多科学和工程领域一直在积极推行多元化和包容性计划,以纠正历史上被边缘化的少数民族。尽管传播学已经并将继续通过各种举措取得重要进展,但要实现包容性,该学科还有很多工作要做。本文使用社交网络分析和内容分析对国际传播协会(ICA) 2019年年会上发布的推文进行了分析,说明了在该学科的狭隘空间之外,基于推特的关于多样性的讨论是如何没有得到足够的倾听的。因此,我认为,作为一门学科,我们迫切需要更积极地努力实现更大的多样性和包容性。传播学学科的未来多样性取决于现在的共同努力。
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引用次数: 6
Location, Location, Location? The Politics of ICA Conference Venues 位置,位置,位置?ICA会议场所的政治
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcaa006
Eve Ng, Paula Gardner
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引用次数: 2
Technocracy Meets Populism: The Dominant Technological Imaginary of Silicon Valley 技术官僚主义与民粹主义:硅谷的主导技术想象
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcz051
E. Ferrari
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引用次数: 13
Empathy and Its Alternatives: Deconstructing the Rhetoric of “Empathy” in Video Games 同理心及其替代物:解构电子游戏中的“同理心”修辞
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcz044
Bonnie Ruberg
This article analyzes the contemporary discourse that surrounds video games. Specifically, it confronts the rhetoric of “empathy,” which has become a buzzword in North American industry, academic, education, and media conversations about video games and their supposed power to place players into others’ shoes—especially those games created by queer or otherwise marginalized people. Scholars like Wendy Chun and Teddy Pozo and game designers like Robert Yang have spoken out against this rhetoric. Building from their writing, as well as critiques from the creators of queer independent games commonly mislabeled as “empathy games,” this article delineates the discriminatory implications of the term. Rather than simply dismissing “empathy,” however, this article unpacks it, turning to textual artifacts like news stories and industry presentations, as well as the 2016 video game Unravel (ColdWood Interactive), to deconstruct the term’s many meanings and to identity alternative (queerer) models of affective engagement with video games.
本文分析了围绕电子游戏的当代话语。具体来说,它面对的是“移情”的修辞,这已经成为北美工业,学术,教育和媒体关于电子游戏的流行词,以及它们假定的将玩家置于他人立场的力量-特别是那些由酷儿或其他边缘化人群制作的游戏。像Wendy Chun和Teddy Pozo这样的学者以及像Robert Yang这样的游戏设计师都反对这种说法。根据他们的写作,以及来自酷儿独立游戏创造者的批评,这篇文章描绘了这个术语的歧视性含义。然而,本文并不是简单地否定“共情”,而是对其进行了解析,转向新闻故事和行业演示文稿等文本,以及2016年的电子游戏《Unravel》(ColdWood Interactive),解构了该术语的许多含义,并确定了电子游戏情感参与的另一种(酷儿)模式。
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引用次数: 10
The Mutual Domestication of Users and Algorithmic Recommendations on Netflix Netflix用户与算法推荐的相互驯化
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcz025
I. Siles, Johan Espinoza-Rojas, Adrián Naranjo, María Fernanda Tristán
This article examines the mutual domestication of users and recommendation algorithms on Netflix. Based on 25 interviews with users and an inductive analysis of their practices and profiles on the platform, we discuss five dynamics through which this mutual domestication occurs: personalization, or the ways in which individualized relationships between users and the platform are built; how algorithmic recommendations are integrated into a matrix of cultural codes; the rituals through which they are incorporated into spatial and temporal processes in daily life; the resistance to various aspects of Netflix as a form to enact agency; and the conversion or transformation of the private consumption of the platform into a public issue. The conclusion elaborates on the theoretical and analytical implications of this approach, to rethink the relationship between algorithms and culture.
本文研究了Netflix上用户和推荐算法的相互驯化。基于对25位用户的访谈和对他们在平台上的实践和概况的归纳分析,我们讨论了这种相互驯化发生的五个动力:个性化,或者用户与平台之间建立个性化关系的方式;如何将算法推荐整合到文化代码矩阵中;他们通过仪式融入日常生活的空间和时间过程;对Netflix作为一种制定机构形式的各个方面的抵制;以及将平台的私人消费转化或转化为公共问题。结论部分详细阐述了这种方法的理论和分析意义,重新思考算法与文化之间的关系。
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引用次数: 39
A Desirable Future: Uber as Image-Making in Winnipeg 理想的未来:优步在温尼伯的形象制作
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/ccc/tcz026
S. Gibbings, Jessica Taylor
This paper investigates the sociotechnical imaginary surrounding Uber’s supposedly imminent arrival in Winnipeg, through an examination of communication in the public sphere. We examine how actors mobilized their communicative resources in efforts to either bring ride-hailing or keep it away. For some advocates, ride-hailing technology was less important than Uber’s symbolic value of building Winnipeg’s image as an innovative city. Media coverage contrasted innovation and Uber with Winnipeg’s anxieties about being behind other cities and its taxi industry’s reputation as stuck in the past. These visions of Winnipeg’s future addressed an unspoken White, middle-class city dweller. While Winnipeg’s transportation industry was shaped by the socially located experiences of racialized immigrant men as taxi drivers and Indigenous women as passengers, these actors had less power to shape the imaginary. Our analysis suggests that cities like Winnipeg view Uber as an image-making product as much as a beneficial service for their citizens.
本文通过对公共领域沟通的考察,调查了围绕优步即将抵达温尼伯的社会技术想象。我们研究了演员如何调动他们的沟通资源,以努力带来网约车或使其远离。对于一些支持者来说,叫车技术的重要性比不上优步树立温尼伯创新城市形象的象征价值。媒体的报道将创新和优步与温尼伯的焦虑进行了对比,温尼伯担心落后于其他城市,其出租车行业的声誉被困在过去。这些关于温尼伯未来的愿景,是针对一个默默无言的白人中产阶级城市居民的。虽然温尼伯的交通运输业是由作为出租车司机的种族化移民男性和作为乘客的土著妇女的社会定位经验所塑造的,但这些演员塑造想象的能力较小。我们的分析表明,像温尼伯这样的城市将优步视为一种塑造形象的产品,而不是为市民提供有益的服务。
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引用次数: 4
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Communication, Culture and Critique
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