Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria最新文献

Objectives: Drug use via inhalation substantially reduces the risk of overdose and blood borne infections when compared to parenteral consumption. In order to promote a change in consumption habits and provide a safe framework for inhalation consumption, the distribution of foil was introduced into the Catalan prison, Brians 1. The aim of this study was to know the perceptions of the people who participated in this program.

Material and method: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 18 users (11 men and 7 women, one of them transgender) aged between 23 and 55 years. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis methodology.

Results: Users highlighted the fewer negative consequences arising from inhalation drug use with a foil kit, compared to other means available in prison. The kit was used for heroin consumption, as well as in the manufacture of hashish and crack pipes. Among users who normally injected, there was increased awareness of alternative means and a higher probability of drug use via the pulmonary route. All users reported having received health education and subsequent monitoring by the particular team in charge.

Discussion: Foil distribution is a practical and effective harm reduction strategy in prisons. Going forward, it is necessary to extend this program to other prisons and diversify the kits so they can more broadly address inhalation drug use.

Introduction: In February and March 2022, the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs completed the fourth edition of the survey on the prison population (men and women over 18 years of age) in 78 Spanish prisons.

Objectives: The aim of this survey was to obtain data on socio-demographic characteristics, health, drug use, high-risk practices and treatment for drug use in the prison population in Spain, the aim being to gather useful information to develop and evaluate programs and interventions aimed at preventing and reducing drug use and associated problems in this population.

Material and method: A face-to-face personal interview was carried out using a digitalized, anonymous and pre-coded questionnaire (available in Spanish and Arabic) with 5,512 inmates.

Results: The study reveals that the prevalence of drug use when entering prison decreases for all drugs; this decrease is most striking in alcohol and cocaine use. A downward trend in the prevalence of use in prison was observed for most illegal drugs. Cannabis, which is the most widely used illegal drug, shows a clear downward trend, with its use falling to one third of what it was in 2006.

Discussion: The study leads us to conclude that preventive and treatment measures are optimal tools that should continue to be oriented towards the characteristics and profile of this population, which requires a multidisciplinary approach and coordination by the agents and institutions involved. A prison sentence is an opportunity to improve the health of the prison population and to carry out prevention and treatment programs. Work should continue to be done to reduce drug use and the associated risks and problems.

Objectives: To examine the excess deaths due to non-COVID-19 pathologies in Uruguayan prisons in 2021 vs. 2014-2023, and analyse the factors that contributed to them.

Material and method: A non-experimental case study with quantitative and qualitative retrospective analysis was conducted. All available data on the causes and circumstances of prisoner deaths from the year 2021 vs. 2014-2023 were analysed. Contingency and risk tables were prepared. A care process analysis tool was used in the qualitative study.

Results: In 2021, a significant increase of deaths caused by diseases not due to COVID-19 was documented (rate person-years 296.35 vs. X̄ = 165.53 [P <0.001]). The risk was also significant for the period (OR = 2.01 [CI 1,42-2,83]) and there was also an association with prison security (P <0.05). A total of 63.4% of the deaths were associated with difficulties in the healthcare process.

Discussion: The excess non-COVID-19 mortality in Uruguay prisons in 2021 was mainly due to restrictions on movement in prison and priority in the care of respiratory patients, which generated difficulties in accessing prison health services, delays in diagnosis and treatment of other pathologies.

Objectives: To present a therapeutic tool that combines group and individual therapy, and evaluate its effects on the reduction of substance use, the improvement of negative psychological symptoms, and decrease in conflict among inmates with dual diagnosis.

Material and method: This is a pre-experimental mixed-methods study, conducted in the Mental Health Module of Topas Prison (Salamanca) between 2017 and 2023, involving a total of 54 male inmates, with a maximum of 8 subjects a year. The intervention included 20 group sessions and 5 individual sessions per period. Data were collected through initial evaluation records, individual and group session information, and a final questionnaire. Data from all clinical sessions supporting the results were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis software.

Results: The results showed a significant correlation (r = 0.656, P <0.001) between mental health problems and substance use. The most frequent codes in the sessions were "motivational interviewing", "social isolation", and "relapse prevention". Qualitative and quantitative analyses indicated significant improvements in substance use reduction, relief of negative psychological symptoms, and a decrease in conflict within the module.

Discussion: The intervention proved to be effective, highlighting the importance of adapting and integrating treatments for inmates with dual diagnosis. Consistency in the methodology and the customization of topics according to the needs of the inmates were key factors for the success of the treatment. It is suggested that prison staff receive specific training to work with dual diagnosis, and as a future line of research, to evaluate the effect of combining this psychotherapy model with pharmacological treatment.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Salamanca (CEISH).