Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579211
Benoît Labbé, David Chesneau, B. Allard, X. Lin-Shi
Mobile applications necessitate nowadays huge digital resources. Power management of digital circuits is based on dynamic strategies to preserve energy. DC/DC converters used to supply the digital core face stringent constraints with respect to load transients. Sliding-mode control is well suited to control buck converters that are subject to high dynamic load and line transients. Fixed frequency sliding-mode control has been experimented. Transient performances or silicon area are negatively affected. A new analog implementation of the sliding-mode control with switching frequency control is presented here. The proposed synchronization scheme does not degrade the intrinsic asynchronous transient performances and is not affected by a significant silicon area penalty. The proposed DC/DC converter is implemented in CMOS 130 nm. The switching frequency is kept constant thanks to the frequency regulation loop. The demonstrator achieves more than 80% efficiency from 3mW to 840mW.
{"title":"Modeling and design of an integrated sliding-mode buck converter with regulated switching frequency suitable for mobile devices","authors":"Benoît Labbé, David Chesneau, B. Allard, X. Lin-Shi","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579211","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile applications necessitate nowadays huge digital resources. Power management of digital circuits is based on dynamic strategies to preserve energy. DC/DC converters used to supply the digital core face stringent constraints with respect to load transients. Sliding-mode control is well suited to control buck converters that are subject to high dynamic load and line transients. Fixed frequency sliding-mode control has been experimented. Transient performances or silicon area are negatively affected. A new analog implementation of the sliding-mode control with switching frequency control is presented here. The proposed synchronization scheme does not degrade the intrinsic asynchronous transient performances and is not affected by a significant silicon area penalty. The proposed DC/DC converter is implemented in CMOS 130 nm. The switching frequency is kept constant thanks to the frequency regulation loop. The demonstrator achieves more than 80% efficiency from 3mW to 840mW.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124848652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579286
S. Furukawa, K. Akatsu
This paper proposes a new motor named as a spintronics motor. This is the micro motor which uses GMR elements for the stator side. In this paper, two important examinations for a motor design are performed using FEA, a basic design of the proposed motor is described.
{"title":"A principle of next generation spintronics motor","authors":"S. Furukawa, K. Akatsu","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579286","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new motor named as a spintronics motor. This is the micro motor which uses GMR elements for the stator side. In this paper, two important examinations for a motor design are performed using FEA, a basic design of the proposed motor is described.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"36 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125729534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579237
Satoshi Ojika, Y. Miura, T. Ise
This paper proposes to use contactless power transfer (CPT) systems as electric plugs and outlets for household dc distribution system. In dc systems, there are higher risk of electric shock and longer arc discharge at disconnection compared with ac systems. The proposed system can connect and disconnect safely without electric shock and arc discharge because there is no contactor between primary side and secondary side. In this paper, an inductive contactless power transfer system was adopted. To reduce cost of system, a coreless transformer was selected. CPT circuit topologies and design of transformer coil form were considered. As suitable structure, a coaxial cylindrical transformer was proposed. Simulation results of 1 kW 400 kHz model and experimental results of developed 1 kW 400 kHz and 600 kHz prototypes were presented. The proposed system showed maximum efficiency over 93%.
{"title":"Inductive contactless power transfer system with coaxial coreless transformer for dc power distribution","authors":"Satoshi Ojika, Y. Miura, T. Ise","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579237","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes to use contactless power transfer (CPT) systems as electric plugs and outlets for household dc distribution system. In dc systems, there are higher risk of electric shock and longer arc discharge at disconnection compared with ac systems. The proposed system can connect and disconnect safely without electric shock and arc discharge because there is no contactor between primary side and secondary side. In this paper, an inductive contactless power transfer system was adopted. To reduce cost of system, a coreless transformer was selected. CPT circuit topologies and design of transformer coil form were considered. As suitable structure, a coaxial cylindrical transformer was proposed. Simulation results of 1 kW 400 kHz model and experimental results of developed 1 kW 400 kHz and 600 kHz prototypes were presented. The proposed system showed maximum efficiency over 93%.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114508622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579087
K. Akatsu, Naoki Watanabe, M. Fujitsuna, S. Doki, H. Fujimoto
The paper reports on recent related technologies for electric and/or hybrid electric vehicle applications. These technologies have been investigated and/or developed by authors who belong to an Investigating R&D Committee of Vehicle Motors in IEE Japan. For this paper, the important technologies especially the materials, the power devices and the vehicle control method are described.
{"title":"Recent related technologies for EV/HEV applications in JAPAN","authors":"K. Akatsu, Naoki Watanabe, M. Fujitsuna, S. Doki, H. Fujimoto","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579087","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports on recent related technologies for electric and/or hybrid electric vehicle applications. These technologies have been investigated and/or developed by authors who belong to an Investigating R&D Committee of Vehicle Motors in IEE Japan. For this paper, the important technologies especially the materials, the power devices and the vehicle control method are described.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114164850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579269
C. Hou, Chi-Pong Lo
This study discusses the dynamic performances of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp. The equivalent circuit of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp is proposed. The transient response and steady-state response of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp is presented. Furthermore, the frequency response of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp is measured to obtain the adequate frequency of the T5 fluorescent lamp. The operations of the fluorescent lamp at normal mode and saving-energy mode are discussed. Test results are presented to validate the dynamic performances of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp.
{"title":"Dynamic performances of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamps","authors":"C. Hou, Chi-Pong Lo","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579269","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the dynamic performances of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp. The equivalent circuit of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp is proposed. The transient response and steady-state response of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp is presented. Furthermore, the frequency response of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp is measured to obtain the adequate frequency of the T5 fluorescent lamp. The operations of the fluorescent lamp at normal mode and saving-energy mode are discussed. Test results are presented to validate the dynamic performances of ballast for T5 fluorescent lamp.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114157500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579126
Firas Khaled, O. Ondel, B. Allard, N. Degrenne
Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) harness the metabolism of micro-organisms to generate electrical energy from organic matter. MFCs offer great promise for simultaneous wastewater treatment and green energy production. The association of a large number of individual MFCs offers very interesting perspectives for electrical energy generation. It can scale-up the low output voltage of an individual cell to enable output voltages to levels acceptable by commercially-available DC/DC converters and it permits to mutualize the electrical powers of each cell. The serial association of a large number of MFCs is a challenge itself for many reasons. Firstly the hydraulic couplings (when MFCs share the same substrate) witch cause leakage of electrical-charge careers between the connected reactors. Secondly the non-uniformities between generators which lead to a non-optimal energy recovery because the associated cells do not able to operate at Maximum Power Point (MPP). Non-uniformities can be compensated with electronic circuits to prevent voltage reversal or enable voltage equalizing. In this paper a balancing method is studied and adapted for energy harvesting from a stack of serially connected MFCs. The balancing circuit was simulated, realized and tested for energy harvesting. With balancing method the cell voltage of MFCs in a stack can be equalized and the performance of MFCs can be improved and it leads to an optimal energy recovery of the stack.
{"title":"Voltage balancing circuit for energy harvesting from a stack of serially-connected Microbial Fuel Cells","authors":"Firas Khaled, O. Ondel, B. Allard, N. Degrenne","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579126","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) harness the metabolism of micro-organisms to generate electrical energy from organic matter. MFCs offer great promise for simultaneous wastewater treatment and green energy production. The association of a large number of individual MFCs offers very interesting perspectives for electrical energy generation. It can scale-up the low output voltage of an individual cell to enable output voltages to levels acceptable by commercially-available DC/DC converters and it permits to mutualize the electrical powers of each cell. The serial association of a large number of MFCs is a challenge itself for many reasons. Firstly the hydraulic couplings (when MFCs share the same substrate) witch cause leakage of electrical-charge careers between the connected reactors. Secondly the non-uniformities between generators which lead to a non-optimal energy recovery because the associated cells do not able to operate at Maximum Power Point (MPP). Non-uniformities can be compensated with electronic circuits to prevent voltage reversal or enable voltage equalizing. In this paper a balancing method is studied and adapted for energy harvesting from a stack of serially connected MFCs. The balancing circuit was simulated, realized and tested for energy harvesting. With balancing method the cell voltage of MFCs in a stack can be equalized and the performance of MFCs can be improved and it leads to an optimal energy recovery of the stack.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122999095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579117
Rosheila Darus, J. Pou, G. Konstantinou, S. Ceballos, V. Agelidis
This paper presents two control techniques to minimize the circulating currents of the modular multilevel converter. The control techniques reduce the amplitude of each capacitor voltage ripple. Multicarrier level-shifted pulse-width-modulation is applied and the performance of interleaving and non-interleaving the carrier waveforms between the upper and the lower arms is reported. The total harmonic distortion of the output common voltage and rms value of the arms currents are benchmarked against the case when such techniques are not employed. The techniques have been verified by simulation using MATLAB/Simulink and PLECS Blockset software. Experimental results from a low power phase-leg prototype built with five sub-modules per arm are also provided.
{"title":"Circulating current control and evaluation of carrier dispositions in modular multilevel converters","authors":"Rosheila Darus, J. Pou, G. Konstantinou, S. Ceballos, V. Agelidis","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579117","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents two control techniques to minimize the circulating currents of the modular multilevel converter. The control techniques reduce the amplitude of each capacitor voltage ripple. Multicarrier level-shifted pulse-width-modulation is applied and the performance of interleaving and non-interleaving the carrier waveforms between the upper and the lower arms is reported. The total harmonic distortion of the output common voltage and rms value of the arms currents are benchmarked against the case when such techniques are not employed. The techniques have been verified by simulation using MATLAB/Simulink and PLECS Blockset software. Experimental results from a low power phase-leg prototype built with five sub-modules per arm are also provided.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126502379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579124
Yun-Hsiang Wang, Yung C. Liang, G. Samudra, Ting-Fu Chang, Chih-Fang Huang, Li Yuan, G. Lo
This paper reports analytical modelling and analysis of the temperature dependence on the device characteristics of the AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). A physics-based model is proposed in this study in order to correctly predict the gate Schottky barrier height (ΦB), Fermi-level from conduction band energy (EC-EF), two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) sheet density, gate threshold (Vth) and sub-threshold voltages (ID-VG), and drain current-voltage (ID-VD) characteristics under various high temperature (300K~500K) conditions. The analytical results are then verified by comparing with the laboratory measurement as well as the numerical results obtained from the Sentaurus TCAD simulation. The proposed model is found to be useful for power electronic device designers on the prediction of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT device performance under high temperature operation without the use of heavy numerical solving process that requires complicated customized computer coding.
{"title":"Analytical modelling of high temperature characteristics on the DC responses for Schottky-gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices","authors":"Yun-Hsiang Wang, Yung C. Liang, G. Samudra, Ting-Fu Chang, Chih-Fang Huang, Li Yuan, G. Lo","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579124","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports analytical modelling and analysis of the temperature dependence on the device characteristics of the AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). A physics-based model is proposed in this study in order to correctly predict the gate Schottky barrier height (ΦB), Fermi-level from conduction band energy (EC-EF), two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) sheet density, gate threshold (Vth) and sub-threshold voltages (ID-VG), and drain current-voltage (ID-VD) characteristics under various high temperature (300K~500K) conditions. The analytical results are then verified by comparing with the laboratory measurement as well as the numerical results obtained from the Sentaurus TCAD simulation. The proposed model is found to be useful for power electronic device designers on the prediction of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT device performance under high temperature operation without the use of heavy numerical solving process that requires complicated customized computer coding.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"19 822 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130213879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579268
Tae-Woong Kim, Choon-Ho Cho, Jae-Ho Choi
Further driving distance has been required in electric vehicles under the limited battery energy. Therefore, inverter which is one of the EV core technologies should secure a higher efficiency. Inverter efficiency is largely dependent on switching commutation. In this paper, inverter SVPWM control scheme with switching loss reduction is proposed by introduction of simplified switching sequence strategy. It is confirmed by simulation and experimental analyses that the proposed modulation scheme has a lower switching loss compared to the conventional 5-step switching sequence based modulations scheme.
{"title":"Switching loss reduction modulation scheme based inverter for electric vehicle","authors":"Tae-Woong Kim, Choon-Ho Cho, Jae-Ho Choi","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579268","url":null,"abstract":"Further driving distance has been required in electric vehicles under the limited battery energy. Therefore, inverter which is one of the EV core technologies should secure a higher efficiency. Inverter efficiency is largely dependent on switching commutation. In this paper, inverter SVPWM control scheme with switching loss reduction is proposed by introduction of simplified switching sequence strategy. It is confirmed by simulation and experimental analyses that the proposed modulation scheme has a lower switching loss compared to the conventional 5-step switching sequence based modulations scheme.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133988021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-03DOI: 10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579099
D. Pan, Yang Wang, T. Lipo
Permanent magnet synchronous generators have been shown to be lower cost, lighter in weight and more efficient when compared to a wound-field synchronous generator with a brushless exciter. However, due to the fact that the field from the magnets cannot be adjusted, PM machines have seen less application when operated in the generation mode. In this paper, it is proposed to regulate the load side voltage of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous generator by injecting reactive power in a series fashion as the rotor speed and load level vary. The var source is a voltage source inverter that is directly connected in series to the generator. The operating principle will be explained. A detailed comparison between the proposed topology and existing shunt regulated system will be presented. In addition, the dimensioning of the compensation inverter will be discussed. The control method of the proposed system will be proposed and validated by simulation and experimental study.
{"title":"A series regulated open-winding PM generator based constant voltage, variable frequency AC distribution system","authors":"D. Pan, Yang Wang, T. Lipo","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-ASIA.2013.6579099","url":null,"abstract":"Permanent magnet synchronous generators have been shown to be lower cost, lighter in weight and more efficient when compared to a wound-field synchronous generator with a brushless exciter. However, due to the fact that the field from the magnets cannot be adjusted, PM machines have seen less application when operated in the generation mode. In this paper, it is proposed to regulate the load side voltage of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous generator by injecting reactive power in a series fashion as the rotor speed and load level vary. The var source is a voltage source inverter that is directly connected in series to the generator. The operating principle will be explained. A detailed comparison between the proposed topology and existing shunt regulated system will be presented. In addition, the dimensioning of the compensation inverter will be discussed. The control method of the proposed system will be proposed and validated by simulation and experimental study.","PeriodicalId":301487,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE ECCE Asia Downunder","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122685889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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