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Terrorismo internacional e armas de destruição em massa: relativizando a liberdade de navegação, a soberania e o direito de visita em alto mar 国际恐怖主义与大规模杀伤性武器:海上航行自由、主权和访问权的相对化
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019v41n82p92
U. Reis, Tarin Cristino Frota Mont'Alverne
This paper will analyze the international normativity produced for the inspection of the transport of weapons of mass destruction by sea. Starting from the normative inflation and the emergence of new actors concerned with the issue, the question is: to what extent has terrorism forced the reconfiguration of the governing principles of navigation on the high seas? The research, anchored in the deductive method and in literary and normative sources, is divided into three sections. It is concluded that there is a different reassessment of the principles of the law of the sea. While multilateral arrangements do not contradict the conventional maritime regime, Security Council resolutions do so.
本文将分析为检查海上大规模杀伤性武器运输而产生的国际规范。从规范性的通货膨胀和与该问题有关的新行为体的出现出发,问题是:恐怖主义在多大程度上迫使公海航行管理原则的重新配置?研究,锚定在演绎法和文学和规范的来源,分为三个部分。结论是,对海洋法原则有一种不同的重新评价。虽然多边安排并不违反常规海事制度,但安全理事会的决议却违反常规海事制度。
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引用次数: 0
Liberalismo igualitário e estrutura do direito privado 平等主义自由主义与私法结构
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019v41n82p202
L. Zanitelli
This article outlines the thesis that egalitarian liberalism (EL) may require certain structural features of private law (PL). These characteristics would be necessary if egalitarian liberal institutions were to remain sensitive to what Nagel (1991) refers to as a personal point of view. Even if the basic freedoms that EL treats as priorities are parsimonious in relation to property and that institutional conformity to one or more principles of distributive justice (what the article calls “egalitarian demand”) threatens to “disfigure it”, PL would maintain, under EL, a non-contingent status. Regarding method, the article is characterized as an “internal” investigation of EL, which accepts some of its basic premises (such as the priority of basic freedoms and distributive justice) to deal with the place of private law in this tradition.
本文概述了平等主义自由主义(EL)可能需要私法(PL)的某些结构特征的论点。如果平等主义的自由主义制度要对内格尔(1991)所说的个人观点保持敏感,这些特征将是必要的。即使被自由主义视为优先事项的基本自由相对于财产而言是吝啬的,而且符合一个或多个分配正义原则的制度(文章称之为“平等主义要求”)有可能“破坏它”,在自由主义下,自由主义将保持一种非偶然的地位。就方法而言,本文的特点是对法学的“内部”考察,它接受其一些基本前提(如基本自由和分配正义的优先权)来处理私法在这一传统中的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Transnational constitutional pluralism, its promises and pitfalls 跨国宪政多元化及其承诺和陷阱
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019v41n82p61
P. Holmes
In today’s world society, constitutional theories converge in assigning an emerging role to legal forms of regulation not bound by national political systems and authorities. Several approaches try to grasp the diversity and multiplicity of layers, levels and stake-holders which constitute the post-national constellation of regulatory structures. One of the most prominent of these approaches is the idea of a transnational constitutional pluralism. This piece presents theframework of a plurality of transnational constitutional structures as conceived by authors like Gunther Teubner, among others, to critically address the possibility of a global constitutionalization of law based on post-democratic structures in different domains of social regulation. In the end, the piece argues that, although pluralist approaches offer an useful description of current relations between law and power on the transnational level, there are functional limits to the constitutional claim emerging from the pluralist approaches. Such limits are, most importantly, pluralist approaches' incapability of offering democratic mechanisms of legitimization for decision-making processes.
在当今的世界社会中,宪法理论集中在为不受国家政治制度和当局约束的法律形式的监管分配一个新兴角色。有几种方法试图把握构成后国家监管结构星座的层次、层次和利益相关者的多样性和多样性。这些方法中最突出的一个是跨国宪政多元化的思想。这篇文章展示了由Gunther Teubner等作家构想的跨国宪法结构的多元化框架,以批判性地解决基于不同社会监管领域的后民主结构的全球法律宪法化的可能性。最后,这篇文章认为,尽管多元主义方法在跨国层面上对当前法律与权力之间的关系提供了有用的描述,但从多元主义方法中产生的宪法主张存在功能限制。这些限制最重要的是,多元主义方法无法为决策过程提供民主的合法化机制。
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引用次数: 0
O direito fundamental à boa administração: da Carta de Direitos Fundamentais da União Europeia às perspectivas de sua efetivação e controle nas ordens constitucionais de Portugal e Espanha: desenvolvimentos comparativos na realidade brasileira 良好管理的基本权利:从《欧洲联盟基本权利宪章》到葡萄牙和西班牙宪法秩序对其实施和控制的视角:巴西现实的比较发展
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019v41n82p176
Clarissa Sampaio Silva
The recognition of a fundamental right to good administration by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union implied the establishment of minimum guaranteed positions of the citizens before the Public Administration, with inflows in the constitutional laws of its Member States. In the Portuguese and Spanish constitutions are found ways of realizing this right in both subjective and objective terms. Likewise, in the Brazilian constitutional order, it is possible to identify subjective positions and objective elements that lead to the implementation of the right to good administration. In one or another situation, the forms of their control are different, which must be adapted to their respective spectra.
《欧洲联盟基本权利宪章》承认良好管理的一项基本权利,这意味着在公共行政机构面前建立最低限度的保障公民地位,并流入其成员国的宪法法律。在葡萄牙和西班牙宪法中都找到了从主观和客观两方面实现这一权利的方法。同样,在巴西的宪法秩序中,有可能确定导致实施善政权利的主观立场和客观因素。在一种或另一种情况下,它们的控制形式是不同的,必须适应它们各自的光谱。
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引用次数: 0
A destinação dos resíduos sólidos das empresas inovadoras: a Lei do Bem e o seu papel na sustentabilidade ambiental e social 创新公司固体废物的目的地:善的法则及其在环境和社会可持续性中的作用
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019v41n82p120
Ana Virgínia Moreira Gomes, Uinie Caminha, Caroline Viriato Memória
This paper examines how Law n. 11.196, of November 21, 2005, known as “To do good Law”, can contribute to environmental and social sustainability. The “To do good Law” grants tax incentives for companies to carry out technological innovation. The article follows a qualitative analysis, based on bibliographical and documentary research, to argue in favor of the conciliation between the policy of technological innovation and the National Policy of Solid Wastes. Thus, it proposes the adoption of environmental and social responsibility strategies by the companies in relation to solid wastes as a way of social inclusion of waste pickers inserted in collective organizations.
本文探讨了2005年11月21日第11.196号法律,即“行善法”,如何有助于环境和社会的可持续性。《行善法》为企业进行技术创新提供税收优惠。本文采用文献资料和文献资料相结合的方法,对技术创新政策与国家固体废物管理政策的协调进行了定性分析。因此,它建议公司采取与固体废物有关的环境和社会责任战略,作为将拾荒者纳入集体组织的一种社会包容方式。
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引用次数: 2
A racionalidade da Dogmática-Penal e sua função como estrutura normativa garantidora de liberdades: uma abordagem sistêmica do Direito Penal 刑法教条主义的合理性及其作为保障自由的规范结构的作用:刑法的系统方法
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019v41n82p221
Elisio Augusto de Souza Machado Júnior, D. Costa
The article deals with the rationality of criminal dogmatic and its importance, according to a reading based on systems theory, as a normative framework that fulfills the social function of guaranteeing freedoms and containing the advance of punitive power. Starting from the epistemological debate about the scientific condition, through the bibliographic review, the objective is to analyze the importance that criminal dogmatic assumes as a criterion of rationalization, conditioning the construction of knowledge to the observance of theoretical assumptions that equate the need for the protection of legal assets. It is concluded that there is relevance in recognizing its scientific character as a strategy to give it greater legitimacy.
本文通过对制度论的解读,论述了刑事教条主义的合理性及其作为一种规范框架的重要性,这种规范框架实现了保障自由和遏制惩罚性权力前进的社会功能。从关于科学条件的认识论辩论开始,通过文献综述,目的是分析刑事教条主义假设作为合理化标准的重要性,将知识的构建条件为遵守等同于保护合法资产的必要性的理论假设。结论是,承认其科学性是一种赋予其更大合法性的战略,这是有意义的。
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引用次数: 0
Entre Decisões Individuais e Deliberações Colegiadas: decidindo como decidir, influenciando o resultado. 在个人决定和集体审议之间:决定如何决定,影响结果。
Pub Date : 2019-06-12 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2019V40N81P10
José Mário Wanderley Gomes Neto, Flávia Danielle Santiago Lima, Tassiana Moura de Oliveira
How does the institutional design of the Brazilian Supreme Court (STF) interfere in the decision-making process of the conflicts that are submitted to it? STF’s Justices, as individually responsible of each proceeding in progress, can strategically decide through available procedural resources what and when to bring them to trial individually or collectively. This article inserts itself in this debate to question the independence of its Justices before the other political actors, but also before (or against) their peers, considering the possibilities of interaction of strategic models to the Brazilian case, before the constitutional, legal and regimental rules that establish the performance of the members of the Court. The general hypothesis is that the normative design of the Court assures multiple options for magistrates in the conduct of judicial proceedings, promoting strategies aimed at maximizing the winning chances of their preferences, as well as reducing their respective decision costs.
巴西最高法院(STF)的制度设计如何干预提交给它的冲突的决策过程?STF的法官,作为正在进行的每一项诉讼的单独负责人,可以通过可用的程序资源战略性地决定将他们单独或集体审判的内容和时间。本文将自己插入到这场辩论中,在其他政治行为者面前质疑其法官的独立性,但也在他们的同行之前(或反对),考虑到巴西案例的战略模式相互作用的可能性,在宪法,法律和军团规则之前建立法院成员的表现。一般的假设是,法院的规范设计确保治安法官在进行司法程序时有多种选择,促进旨在使其偏好的获胜机会最大化的战略,并降低其各自的决策成本。
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引用次数: 1
O critério de conexão da nacionalidade na doutrina e na legislação de direito internacional privado brasileiro (1863-1973) 巴西国际私法学说和立法中的国籍联系标准(1863-1973)
Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2018v39n79p195
Aline Beltrame de Moura
O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a utilização do princípio da nacionalidade como critério de conexão para o conflito de leis acerca do estatuto pessoal do indivíduono ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O problema proposto consiste em verificar se a teoria do ju-rista italiano Pasquale Stanislao Mancini teria influenciado a escolha legislativa de favorecero predomínio do critério de conexão da nacionalidade até o advento da Lei de Introdução aoCódigo Civil de 1942, a qual passou a privilegiar o critério do domicílio. A hipótese é a deque a legislação e parte da doutrina brasileira receberam influências do pensamento do juristaitaliano, mas também da doutrina francesa sobre a matéria. Do ponto de vista metodológico,a pesquisa utiliza como fundamento a História do Pensamento Jurídico de Paolo Grossi.
本文旨在分析国籍原则作为巴西法律体系中有关个人个人地位的法律冲突的联系标准的使用。提出的问题在于验证意大利法学家帕斯夸里·斯坦尼斯劳·曼西尼的理论是否影响了有利于国籍联系标准主导地位的立法选择,直到1942年《民法》引入法开始有利于住所标准。假设巴西的立法和部分学说受到意大利法学家思想的影响,但也受到法国学说在这一问题上的影响。从方法论的角度,本研究以保罗·格罗西的法律思想史为基础。
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引用次数: 0
História do direito constitucional brasileiro: a Constituição do Império do Brasil de 1824 e o sistema econômico escravocrata 巴西宪法的历史:1824年巴西帝国宪法和奴隶经济制度
Pub Date : 2018-06-18 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2018v39n78p11
Matheus Felipe De Castro, Orides Mezzaroba
Este artigo tem como tema a história da Constituição do Império do Brasil de 1824, com o objetivo de analisar suas relações com o sistema de escravidão vigente à época. O problema de pesquisa se concentra, mais precisamente, na aparente contradição entre a convivência do texto economicamente liberal da Constituição com o funcionamento do sistema escravocrata. A pesquisa supõe que o problema não pode ser analisado por uma pretensa separação entre a teoria e a prática, mas sim pela interpenetração dessas instâncias através da lei e do funcionamento efetivo das instituições do Estado. O referencial teórico adotado no texto é o materialismo histórico, e os teóricos utilizados como base de pesquisa estão inseridos nesse contexto. O método escolhido foi o dedutivo e o artigo está dividido em introdução, capítulo analítico, considerações finais e referenciais bibliográficas.
本文以1824年巴西帝国宪法的历史为主题,分析其与当时奴隶制制度的关系。更准确地说,研究问题集中在经济自由的宪法文本与奴隶制度的运作之间的明显矛盾。该研究假设,这个问题不能通过所谓的理论和实践的分离来分析,而是通过这些实例通过法律和国家机构的有效运作的相互渗透来分析。本文采用的理论框架是历史唯物主义,作为研究基础的理论家都是在这一背景下插入的。本文采用演绎的方法,分为绪论、分析章、结束语和文献参考。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental protection in Brazil’s High Court: Safeguarding the environment through a rule of law for nature 巴西高等法院的环境保护:通过保护自然的法治来保护环境
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2017V38N77P29
J. M. Leite, M. Venâncio
Within the context of risk society and its delocalized, incalculable and non-compensable global risks, environmental controversies have become increasingly complex. Within this scenario, the Brazil’s High Court (STJ, acronym in Portuguese) stands out as it has been recurrently applying environmental hermeneutics’ principles and strategies on its decision-making process and clarifying controversies regarding the interpretation of the environmental legislation. Through bibliographic and jurisprudential research, this article therefore seeks to outline the recent highlights of STJ’s case-law, analyzing more in depth some of the court’s leading environmental cases and its contributions to the evolution of environmental law in the country.
在风险社会及其分散、无法估量和不可赔偿的全球风险的背景下,环境争议变得越来越复杂。在这种情况下,巴西高等法院(STJ,葡萄牙语缩写)脱颖而出,因为它一直在决策过程中反复应用环境解释学的原则和策略,并澄清有关环境立法解释的争议。因此,通过文献和法学研究,本文试图概述STJ判例法的最新亮点,更深入地分析法院的一些主要环境案件及其对我国环境法发展的贡献。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Sequencia Estudos Juridicos e Politicos
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