In the Islamic conception, non-human animals form communities -which resemble that of human animals. Through excerpts from the main sources of Islam, the Our'an, as well as the narratives of the life of the Prophet Muhammad, this article studies the relations between humans and non-humans as supported by Islamic tradition. Considering the doctrinal and ontological elements arranged in such sources, we point to the possibility’ of a non-anthropocentric and non-speciesist reading of the Qur'an, which reveal anthropological issues compatible with aspects of the so-called "ontological turn We may conclude that the tradition of Islam does not suggest that humans develop knowledge about animals only, but that they’ learn from animals, given the pedagogical potential of this relationship for a better understanding of the human condition.
{"title":"“Não existem seres que não constituam nações semelhantes a vós”: Apontamentos sobre os animais não-humanos no Islam","authors":"Felipe Souza, Leandro Durazzo","doi":"10.52780/RES.14026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.14026","url":null,"abstract":"In the Islamic conception, non-human animals form communities -which resemble that of human animals. Through excerpts from the main sources of Islam, the Our'an, as well as the narratives of the life of the Prophet Muhammad, this article studies the relations between humans and non-humans as supported by Islamic tradition. Considering the doctrinal and ontological elements arranged in such sources, we point to the possibility’ of a non-anthropocentric and non-speciesist reading of the Qur'an, which reveal anthropological issues compatible with aspects of the so-called \"ontological turn We may conclude that the tradition of Islam does not suggest that humans develop knowledge about animals only, but that they’ learn from animals, given the pedagogical potential of this relationship for a better understanding of the human condition.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42679945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brazil's premium beer market has been on a significant rise, which labels traditional beer brands as regular brands. Between refined and common, the definition of what is considered good and bad taste is a long-term change. Enlightenment engenders, based on conditions of existence, a knowledge system around food which transforms itself by reiterating domination through distinction. In this study we shall analyze the sociocultural mediation strategies used by AmBev at Centro de Experiencia Cervejeira da Bohemia. Our topic revolves around the tactics used by the cultural industry in the development of a taste for premium beer, as well as its relation to the habitus. We discuss beer tasting as a formula evoking a new lifestyle, one that produces judgements of taste which reiterate the self-preservation of the social and economic apparatus under an apparent freedom of choice.
{"title":"O esclarecimento e a distinção na alimentação: Uma análise da indústria cultural e a formação do gosto por cervejas especiais","authors":"R. Monteiro","doi":"10.52780/RES.12533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.12533","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil's premium beer market has been on a significant rise, which labels traditional beer brands as regular brands. Between refined and common, the definition of what is considered good and bad taste is a long-term change. Enlightenment engenders, based on conditions of existence, a knowledge system around food which transforms itself by reiterating domination through distinction. In this study we shall analyze the sociocultural mediation strategies used by AmBev at Centro de Experiencia Cervejeira da Bohemia. Our topic revolves around the tactics used by the cultural industry in the development of a taste for premium beer, as well as its relation to the habitus. We discuss beer tasting as a formula evoking a new lifestyle, one that produces judgements of taste which reiterate the self-preservation of the social and economic apparatus under an apparent freedom of choice.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43025875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to analyze the condition of the giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) as a charismatic species in tourism in the North Pantanal, Brazil, from its media representation and the tourists' perception about the species. Based on the Content Analysis methodology and an interdisciplinary theoretical approach, we analyzed the representation of these animals in television documentaries about Pantanal. Such evidence was articulated with the data obtained in a field research, in which ethnographic techniques were used based on the theoretical reference of multispecies ethnography. We conclude that the otters are positively represented in the media, but they are still fragile when it comes to their participation in tourist activities, especially given the possibility of conflicts with humans.
{"title":"Quase famosas (?): As ariranhas como espécie carismática no turismo","authors":"Eveline Baptistella","doi":"10.52780/RES.14082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.14082","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the condition of the giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) as a charismatic species in tourism in the North Pantanal, Brazil, from its media representation and the tourists' perception about the species. Based on the Content Analysis methodology and an interdisciplinary theoretical approach, we analyzed the representation of these animals in television documentaries about Pantanal. Such evidence was articulated with the data obtained in a field research, in which ethnographic techniques were used based on the theoretical reference of multispecies ethnography. We conclude that the otters are positively represented in the media, but they are still fragile when it comes to their participation in tourist activities, especially given the possibility of conflicts with humans.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47947803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to discuss the importance of climate sciences and their current conformation, arguing that it is important to return to the theme of scientific elites to understand the current directions of the discussion on climate change. Bourdieu's approach on the subject of the scientific field and the forms of capital accumulation helps to understand changes in meteorological sciences in the face of the most recent challenges of climate change in the last decades. The text analyzes the development of climate sciences on an international scale and the role played by the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) in the redistribution of established scientific credits in the area. At the end, the text deals with the way the Brazilian elites have been reorganizing themselves to face the international hegemonic sectors which command the research agenda on climate change.
{"title":"Elites científicas do clima: Formação do campo em escala nacional e internacional","authors":"T. Andrade","doi":"10.52780/RES.13107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.13107","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to discuss the importance of climate sciences and their current conformation, arguing that it is important to return to the theme of scientific elites to understand the current directions of the discussion on climate change. Bourdieu's approach on the subject of the scientific field and the forms of capital accumulation helps to understand changes in meteorological sciences in the face of the most recent challenges of climate change in the last decades. The text analyzes the development of climate sciences on an international scale and the role played by the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) in the redistribution of established scientific credits in the area. At the end, the text deals with the way the Brazilian elites have been reorganizing themselves to face the international hegemonic sectors which command the research agenda on climate change.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46928886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transformations in the beef cattle raising are analyzed by Social Sciences in order to understand how new socio-economic relations are fanned from the modernizing efforts of the sector, and at the same time how the so-called traditional relations are impacted, also with regard to human-animal relations. Among this debate, it will be reflected how the assumptions which guide the search for the modernization of beef cattle raising are constituted, and how they’ articulate and dismantle practices and relationships between humans, cattle and the environment. In order to do so, publications by researchers and government agents, who I called “agents of modernization”, were used in this article. Through the qualitative analysis of these works, it was possible to understand how the modernizing impulses unbalanced the human and animal interaction systems, inasmuch as they’ establish the condition of effectiveness as an absolute value and presuppose the rejection of the standards considered as inefficient.
{"title":"O mercado do boi gordo: “modernizando” técnicas, gado e gente","authors":"Ana Paula Perrota","doi":"10.52780/RES.14078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.14078","url":null,"abstract":"Transformations in the beef cattle raising are analyzed by Social Sciences in order to understand how new socio-economic relations are fanned from the modernizing efforts of the sector, and at the same time how the so-called traditional relations are impacted, also with regard to human-animal relations. Among this debate, it will be reflected how the assumptions which guide the search for the modernization of beef cattle raising are constituted, and how they’ articulate and dismantle practices and relationships between humans, cattle and the environment. In order to do so, publications by researchers and government agents, who I called “agents of modernization”, were used in this article. Through the qualitative analysis of these works, it was possible to understand how the modernizing impulses unbalanced the human and animal interaction systems, inasmuch as they’ establish the condition of effectiveness as an absolute value and presuppose the rejection of the standards considered as inefficient.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48983966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The theme proposed by this article is the social memory of capoeira andits presence in the Baixada Fluminense region -RJ, Brazil. Its objective is to understandthe following issues: (i) the context of migration of capoeira to this region; (ii) theemergence of capoeira in Baixada Fluminense and; (iii) the places capoeira hasoccupied and has been occupying. The capoeira was present in important historicalmoments of the country. However, in the relationship of power between the dominantand the dominated, it was persecuted and prohibited. This attempt to social exclusionleft traces and vestiges which, through academic, archivist and ethnographic research,have been building the memory of capoeira in different locations. This is the case of thepresence of capoeira in Baixada Fluminense region, which, through the memory of itsmasters, has been gaining visibility.
{"title":"A memória social da capoeira: História e narrativas","authors":"M. Costa, S. L. Silva","doi":"10.52780/RES.13129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.13129","url":null,"abstract":"The theme proposed by this article is the social memory of capoeira andits presence in the Baixada Fluminense region -RJ, Brazil. Its objective is to understandthe following issues: (i) the context of migration of capoeira to this region; (ii) theemergence of capoeira in Baixada Fluminense and; (iii) the places capoeira hasoccupied and has been occupying. The capoeira was present in important historicalmoments of the country. However, in the relationship of power between the dominantand the dominated, it was persecuted and prohibited. This attempt to social exclusionleft traces and vestiges which, through academic, archivist and ethnographic research,have been building the memory of capoeira in different locations. This is the case of thepresence of capoeira in Baixada Fluminense region, which, through the memory of itsmasters, has been gaining visibility.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41520513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animals have always been part of human societies, whether as a source of food, as sacred entities, as companies or as goods. Among the strands of studies on human and non-human animal relations, this article focuses on an aspect little investigated by the social sciences: the social dimension of policies to control diseases transmitted between humans and animals (zoonotic diseases). We analyzed the controversies and conflicts which occur between the socio-technical measures adopted by the epidemiological surveillance services for the control of this disease and the meanings attributed to this control by zoonoses surveillance professionals and the media, taking as a case study the public actions of control of canine visceral leishmaniasis developed in Florianopolis, SC, Brazil, between 2010 and 2020. The low effectiveness of public control policies is related to the lack of coordination between epidemiological and social factors (related to multi-species families) in preventive campaigns.
{"title":"Entre o amor ao animal e a saúde pública: reflexões sociológicas sobre a leishmaniose visceral canina","authors":"Márcia Grisotti, Lucas de carvalho de Amorim","doi":"10.52780/RES.14110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.14110","url":null,"abstract":"Animals have always been part of human societies, whether as a source of food, as sacred entities, as companies or as goods. Among the strands of studies on human and non-human animal relations, this article focuses on an aspect little investigated by the social sciences: the social dimension of policies to control diseases transmitted between humans and animals (zoonotic diseases). We analyzed the controversies and conflicts which occur between the socio-technical measures adopted by the epidemiological surveillance services for the control of this disease and the meanings attributed to this control by zoonoses surveillance professionals and the media, taking as a case study the public actions of control of canine visceral leishmaniasis developed in Florianopolis, SC, Brazil, between 2010 and 2020. The low effectiveness of public control policies is related to the lack of coordination between epidemiological and social factors (related to multi-species families) in preventive campaigns.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41651632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper seeks to understand the paradoxical dynamics established between ideology, myth and doxa in a society permeated by mass media. Thus, we consider that reflecting on social reality leads us to consider the multiplicity of relationships and processes by which the body of knowledge established by individuals is established as reality for them in specific social contexts, guiding their daily practices which are established as social culture. Therefore, it is in the approaches of Social Sciences by Critical Theory, Structuralism and Poststructuralism that we can look for functional interpretative tools for this analysis, as they refer to the use of an abstract and, often complex, theoretical system to describe, explain and analyze the social world, revealing things which remain hidden from common sense, guided by collectively shared social representations.
{"title":"Mito e ideologia: Dinâmicas simbólicas da realidade social","authors":"Gabriel Esteves","doi":"10.52780/RES.12816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.12816","url":null,"abstract":"This paper seeks to understand the paradoxical dynamics established between ideology, myth and doxa in a society permeated by mass media. Thus, we consider that reflecting on social reality leads us to consider the multiplicity of relationships and processes by which the body of knowledge established by individuals is established as reality for them in specific social contexts, guiding their daily practices which are established as social culture. Therefore, it is in the approaches of Social Sciences by Critical Theory, Structuralism and Poststructuralism that we can look for functional interpretative tools for this analysis, as they refer to the use of an abstract and, often complex, theoretical system to describe, explain and analyze the social world, revealing things which remain hidden from common sense, guided by collectively shared social representations.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42740050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"O papel da multidisciplinaridade e do antropomorfismo nos estudos animais","authors":"Susana Costa, I. Teixeira","doi":"10.52780/RES.14582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.14582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46225686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animais are present in the lives of human beings at least since the Palaeolithic period, having several roles and meanings: yvork, food, companionship, power, social status. As in other European countries, the presence of companion animais in Portuguese families has been grcnving and in 2018 these pets were already more than 7 million. Although not as numerous as cats or dogs, birds are common pets. The present yvork is the first contribution to the knowledge of the relationship between humans and their “companion birds ” in the Lisbon region. We explored the significance and impacts of birds (mainly Psittacidae) on the respondents ’ daily lives. We used questionnaires, interviews and observation and also resorted to digital ethnography. The phvsical and mental well-being of birds is a concem for guardians who perceived birds as “children” or “family members”.
{"title":"\"Ele é meu filho\": Sobre o significado das aves","authors":"Andrea Dapra, Catarina Casanova","doi":"10.52780/RES.14293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52780/RES.14293","url":null,"abstract":"Animais are present in the lives of human beings at least since the Palaeolithic period, having several roles and meanings: yvork, food, companionship, power, social status. As in other European countries, the presence of companion animais in Portuguese families has been grcnving and in 2018 these pets were already more than 7 million. Although not as numerous as cats or dogs, birds are common pets. The present yvork is the first contribution to the knowledge of the relationship between humans and their “companion birds ” in the Lisbon region. We explored the significance and impacts of birds (mainly Psittacidae) on the respondents ’ daily lives. We used questionnaires, interviews and observation and also resorted to digital ethnography. The phvsical and mental well-being of birds is a concem for guardians who perceived birds as “children” or “family members”.","PeriodicalId":30263,"journal":{"name":"Estudos de Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41530328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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