Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.28841
A. W. P. Lopes, César Augusto Feliciano, Gislaine Cristina Pavini, V. L. Ferrante
In the production process Ocimum basilicum seeds, the substrate selection is an important characteristic in qualitative terms, as way to obtain a great culture development, in addition to reducing the production costs. The objective of this research was to analyze different concentrations of commercial substrate associated with a soil conditioner, based on tanned bovine manure, in the germination of O. basilicum seeds. The research was conducted under greenhouse conditions, in a completely randomized experimental design, and composed by six treatments [commercial substrate (100%) (T1); commercial substrate (80%) + tanned bovine manure (20%) (T2); commercial substrate (60%) + tanned bovine manure (40%) (T3); commercial substrate (40%) + tanned bovine manure (60%) (T4); commercial substrate (20%) + tanned bovine manure (80%) (T5); and tanned bovine manure (100%) (T6)], and six replicates, and each replicate was characterized by 10 cells from the tray. The seeds were placed into plastic polyethylene trays, under steel countertops. After filling the cells with each treatment, sowing was carried out, and after second day of planting, evaluation was carried out regarding the average number of germination seeds, germination speed index (GSI) and the average germination time (AGT). The best results were related to the treatments based on commercial substrate and also commercial substrate (80%) + tanned bovine manure (20%), with average seed germination above 78.33%, and addition to higher GSI, with average above 1.21, and lower AGT, whose average was below 6.78 days, showing the positive effect of the addition of up to 20% tanned bovine manure in the commercial substrate Carolina Soil®, regarding the germination of O. basilicum seeds.
{"title":"Germinative potential of Ocimum basilicum L. seeds in commercial substrate and soil conditioner","authors":"A. W. P. Lopes, César Augusto Feliciano, Gislaine Cristina Pavini, V. L. Ferrante","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.28841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.28841","url":null,"abstract":"In the production process Ocimum basilicum seeds, the substrate selection is an important characteristic in qualitative terms, as way to obtain a great culture development, in addition to reducing the production costs. The objective of this research was to analyze different concentrations of commercial substrate associated with a soil conditioner, based on tanned bovine manure, in the germination of O. basilicum seeds. The research was conducted under greenhouse conditions, in a completely randomized experimental design, and composed by six treatments [commercial substrate (100%) (T1); commercial substrate (80%) + tanned bovine manure (20%) (T2); commercial substrate (60%) + tanned bovine manure (40%) (T3); commercial substrate (40%) + tanned bovine manure (60%) (T4); commercial substrate (20%) + tanned bovine manure (80%) (T5); and tanned bovine manure (100%) (T6)], and six replicates, and each replicate was characterized by 10 cells from the tray. The seeds were placed into plastic polyethylene trays, under steel countertops. After filling the cells with each treatment, sowing was carried out, and after second day of planting, evaluation was carried out regarding the average number of germination seeds, germination speed index (GSI) and the average germination time (AGT). The best results were related to the treatments based on commercial substrate and also commercial substrate (80%) + tanned bovine manure (20%), with average seed germination above 78.33%, and addition to higher GSI, with average above 1.21, and lower AGT, whose average was below 6.78 days, showing the positive effect of the addition of up to 20% tanned bovine manure in the commercial substrate Carolina Soil®, regarding the germination of O. basilicum seeds.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44874183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29320
Carla Giselly de Souza, Severino Gonzaga Neto, Lara Toledo Henriques, G. G. D. Araújo, Luciana Thie Seki Dias, Ana Jaqueline Cavalcante Muniz
Tannins have been used to trigger positive effects on ruminal metabolism. So, increasing levels of tannic acid in a sorghum-based diet for five Holstein/Zebu crossbred lactating heifers were subject to a 5 × 5 Latin square experimental design, five heifers x five tannins acid levels x five periods. The excretion of total purine derivatives, through the collection of spot urine samples, and the N concentration values in the milk and urine were used. All heifers received 9.87 kg/DM of corn silage as roughage and 6.38 kg of concentrate (not fed ad libitum). Diet 1 (control) contained low-tannin sorghum (0.027kg total tannin), and the other diets contained high-tannin sorghum. The levels of tannic acid added used were established based on the quantity of condensed tannin in high-tannin sorghum. Thus, diets 2, 3, 4, and 5 were supplemented with 1.5g (13.%DM), 79.5g (2.6%DM), 157.5g (3.9%DM), and 235.5g (5.2%DM) of tannic acid totalling 0.078, 0.156, 0.234, and 0.321 total tannin kg/day respectively. The urinary excretions of urea (2.0055), total allantoin (185.12 mmol/day-1) , and total purine derivatives (222.32 mmol/day-1); absorbed purines 179.3 mmol/day-1); the N microbian synthesis (130.358 (g)N/day-1); and the concentrations of allantoin in milk (36.40 mmol/day-1) were not affected by the diets. Diets using two tannins sources supplementation did not affect the animal’s health, that is, it did not change the blood and metabolic rates above the normality indices for the animal category, neither improved the efficiency of the microbial synthesis nor the balance of N for milk production
{"title":"SÍNTESE DE PROTEÍNA MICROBIANA E BALANÇO DE NITROGÊNIO EM NOVILHAS MESTIÇAS HOLANDEZ /ZEBU ALIMENTADAS COM DUAS FONTES DE TANINOS","authors":"Carla Giselly de Souza, Severino Gonzaga Neto, Lara Toledo Henriques, G. G. D. Araújo, Luciana Thie Seki Dias, Ana Jaqueline Cavalcante Muniz","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29320","url":null,"abstract":"Tannins have been used to trigger positive effects on ruminal metabolism. So, increasing levels of tannic acid in a sorghum-based diet for five Holstein/Zebu crossbred lactating heifers were subject to a 5 × 5 Latin square experimental design, five heifers x five tannins acid levels x five periods. The excretion of total purine derivatives, through the collection of spot urine samples, and the N concentration values in the milk and urine were used. All heifers received 9.87 kg/DM of corn silage as roughage and 6.38 kg of concentrate (not fed ad libitum). Diet 1 (control) contained low-tannin sorghum (0.027kg total tannin), and the other diets contained high-tannin sorghum. The levels of tannic acid added used were established based on the quantity of condensed tannin in high-tannin sorghum. Thus, diets 2, 3, 4, and 5 were supplemented with 1.5g (13.%DM), 79.5g (2.6%DM), 157.5g (3.9%DM), and 235.5g (5.2%DM) of tannic acid totalling 0.078, 0.156, 0.234, and 0.321 total tannin kg/day respectively. The urinary excretions of urea (2.0055), total allantoin (185.12 mmol/day-1) , and total purine derivatives (222.32 mmol/day-1); absorbed purines 179.3 mmol/day-1); the N microbian synthesis (130.358 (g)N/day-1); and the concentrations of allantoin in milk (36.40 mmol/day-1) were not affected by the diets. Diets using two tannins sources supplementation did not affect the animal’s health, that is, it did not change the blood and metabolic rates above the normality indices for the animal category, neither improved the efficiency of the microbial synthesis nor the balance of N for milk production","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44994198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29134
João Ricardo Pompermaier Ramella, Silvio Douglas Ferreira, J. A. Barbosa, E. Fey, N. V. Costa
The study aimed to determine the interference periods of weeds in cassava ‘IAC 90’ cultivated in different cycles and cropping systems. An experiment was conducted in the period 2014/15 (1st cycle) and another was conducted from the pruning of cassava plants in the period 2015/16 (2nd cycle). The experimental design was a randomized block design with split-split plots and four replicates. The plots represented the cropping systems (conventional and no-tillage) and the split-split plots corresponded to the periods with and without coexistence with weeds (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 and 225 days after planting or pruning - DAP/DAPr). In the 1st cycle, there was no interaction between the cropping systems and the coexistence periods and, therefore, based on the acceptable losses of 5% in the root and starch yield of 'IAC 90' cassava, the PCPI was estimated between 20 and 212 DAP and 14 to 214 DAP, respectively. In the 2nd cycle, the CPPWI ranged from 17 to 176 DAPr and 30 to 216 DAPr based on the root and starch yield obtained in the conventional method, respectively. While in no-tillage, the estimated CPPWI ranged from 18 to 198 DAPr and 9 to 218 DAPr based on root and starch yield, respectively. In general, the data indicate that conventional weed management should be carried out in a more intensified way than in no-tillage. In addition, CPPWI based on starch losses can avoid losses in root production.
{"title":"Weed interference in cassava in different cycles and cropping systems","authors":"João Ricardo Pompermaier Ramella, Silvio Douglas Ferreira, J. A. Barbosa, E. Fey, N. V. Costa","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29134","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the interference periods of weeds in cassava ‘IAC 90’ cultivated in different cycles and cropping systems. An experiment was conducted in the period 2014/15 (1st cycle) and another was conducted from the pruning of cassava plants in the period 2015/16 (2nd cycle). The experimental design was a randomized block design with split-split plots and four replicates. The plots represented the cropping systems (conventional and no-tillage) and the split-split plots corresponded to the periods with and without coexistence with weeds (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 and 225 days after planting or pruning - DAP/DAPr). In the 1st cycle, there was no interaction between the cropping systems and the coexistence periods and, therefore, based on the acceptable losses of 5% in the root and starch yield of 'IAC 90' cassava, the PCPI was estimated between 20 and 212 DAP and 14 to 214 DAP, respectively. In the 2nd cycle, the CPPWI ranged from 17 to 176 DAPr and 30 to 216 DAPr based on the root and starch yield obtained in the conventional method, respectively. While in no-tillage, the estimated CPPWI ranged from 18 to 198 DAPr and 9 to 218 DAPr based on root and starch yield, respectively. In general, the data indicate that conventional weed management should be carried out in a more intensified way than in no-tillage. In addition, CPPWI based on starch losses can avoid losses in root production.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47456643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29120
Mauro Porto Colli
Given the importance of this crop and the need for phytotechnical knowledge about the plant spatial arrangement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive parameters of the radish culture when submitted to different spatial arrangements between plants and rows. To achieve this aim, the hybrid cultivar Red Pearl was used as a test in a randomized block experimental design, in a 4 x 6 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors comprise the combination of crop spacing between “rows” and “plants”. The factor levels correspond to the distances between rows: 8, 16, 24, and 32 cm; and between plants: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm. Root yield, average root mass, longitudinal and transverse diameters, and non-commercial roots were determined. The data obtained were tabulated to obtain the averages, which were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk residual normality test, at 5% significance, followed by the analysis of variance. When the residual was normal and the response variable was significant, the data was analyzed using linear regression and the appropriate polynomial model was adjusted to present the results. Statistical analyzes were carried out using the R Software. The results show that there was no interaction between the spacing factors for the analyzed parameters, and the spacing between rows and plants influenced the attributes evaluated independently. The spatial arrangements with lower plant densities provided greater root mass and diameter. The importance of new studies involving fixing the spacing between rows and varying the spacing between plants is suggested to better understand the effect of new spatial arrangements on the productive parameters of the radish crop.
{"title":"Spatial arrangements between rows x radish plants","authors":"Mauro Porto Colli","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29120","url":null,"abstract":"Given the importance of this crop and the need for phytotechnical knowledge about the plant spatial arrangement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive parameters of the radish culture when submitted to different spatial arrangements between plants and rows. To achieve this aim, the hybrid cultivar Red Pearl was used as a test in a randomized block experimental design, in a 4 x 6 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors comprise the combination of crop spacing between “rows” and “plants”. The factor levels correspond to the distances between rows: 8, 16, 24, and 32 cm; and between plants: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm. Root yield, average root mass, longitudinal and transverse diameters, and non-commercial roots were determined. The data obtained were tabulated to obtain the averages, which were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk residual normality test, at 5% significance, followed by the analysis of variance. When the residual was normal and the response variable was significant, the data was analyzed using linear regression and the appropriate polynomial model was adjusted to present the results. Statistical analyzes were carried out using the R Software. The results show that there was no interaction between the spacing factors for the analyzed parameters, and the spacing between rows and plants influenced the attributes evaluated independently. The spatial arrangements with lower plant densities provided greater root mass and diameter. The importance of new studies involving fixing the spacing between rows and varying the spacing between plants is suggested to better understand the effect of new spatial arrangements on the productive parameters of the radish crop.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43703427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29151
Lazaro Tiago de Oliveira, B. B. Deminicis
Nitrogen fertilization is an efficient practice to improve pasture productivity and quality. However, the efficiency of Nitrogen (N) application depends on favorable climatic conditions. Thus, in the present work, a metanalytic study was used to summarize and analyze data on nitrogen fertilization in forage species: elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and panicum grass [Megathyrsus maximus (Syn. Panicum maximum)], in order to determine the critical levels and recommended doses of nutrients for the rational use of fertilizers in forage plants, whether in pastures or weeds. Therefore, in this study, a systematic review was used, which is a type of investigation, for which research works carried out in Brazil between 2010 and 2020 were considered, including only scientific articles and dissertations. Based on the data from these studies, the relative increments of dry matter and crude protein in relation to the control treatment and the efficiency of nitrogen use in the production of dry matter and crude protein were calculated. All data collected were submitted to analysis of variance for linear and quadratic effects on each of the variables and, in case of significance, regression analysis was performed. Nitrogen fertilization in Pennisetum purpureum and Megathyrsus maximus provides consistent increases in dry matter and crude protein production, however above 1000 kg of nitrogen ha-1 there is a compromise in the efficiency of dry matter production. With a view to reducing losses due to the lower efficiency in crude protein production, it is important to verify that above 500 kg of nitrogen, there is a drastic reduction in the efficiency of crude protein production by Pennisetum purpureum. For all nitrogen doses, there is a drastic reduction in crude protein production efficiency by Megathyrsus maximus in relation to the control.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the response of elephant grass and panicum grass to nitrogen fertilization","authors":"Lazaro Tiago de Oliveira, B. B. Deminicis","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29151","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen fertilization is an efficient practice to improve pasture productivity and quality. However, the efficiency of Nitrogen (N) application depends on favorable climatic conditions. Thus, in the present work, a metanalytic study was used to summarize and analyze data on nitrogen fertilization in forage species: elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and panicum grass [Megathyrsus maximus (Syn. Panicum maximum)], in order to determine the critical levels and recommended doses of nutrients for the rational use of fertilizers in forage plants, whether in pastures or weeds. Therefore, in this study, a systematic review was used, which is a type of investigation, for which research works carried out in Brazil between 2010 and 2020 were considered, including only scientific articles and dissertations. Based on the data from these studies, the relative increments of dry matter and crude protein in relation to the control treatment and the efficiency of nitrogen use in the production of dry matter and crude protein were calculated. All data collected were submitted to analysis of variance for linear and quadratic effects on each of the variables and, in case of significance, regression analysis was performed. Nitrogen fertilization in Pennisetum purpureum and Megathyrsus maximus provides consistent increases in dry matter and crude protein production, however above 1000 kg of nitrogen ha-1 there is a compromise in the efficiency of dry matter production. With a view to reducing losses due to the lower efficiency in crude protein production, it is important to verify that above 500 kg of nitrogen, there is a drastic reduction in the efficiency of crude protein production by Pennisetum purpureum. For all nitrogen doses, there is a drastic reduction in crude protein production efficiency by Megathyrsus maximus in relation to the control.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45535400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29061
Alcy Flávia Silva Ribeiro, G. Silva, C. G. Machado, D. P. Dias
The seed provenance can interfere with their size, as well as in the growth of saplings and susceptibility to stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul seeds and seedlings obtained from two different locations. Seeds were collected in two municipalities in the state of Goiás - Iporá and Jataí, in 2018. Individual seed size mass and dimension, seedling emergence percentage and speed, as well as initial growth, leaf chlorophyll index, biomass and seedling quality index (SQI) were determined. Such parameters were determined at 40, 70, 100, 130, 160 and 190 days after sowing (DAS). Individual size mass and dimension of seed collected in Iporá were superior to those collected in Jataí. Despite this, the seedling emergence percentage and seedling mortality were not affected by the different origins of seeds. As expected, there was increase in height, stem diameter and number of leaves of seedlings during the analyzed period, on the other hand, the chlorophyll index remained constant. The initial growth of seedlings differed between origins. The dry biomass did not vary between seedlings from the different origins, with greater allocation of biomass in roots. The SQI of seedlings produced from seeds collected in Iporá was higher than those collected in Jataí. Despite the quality verified for seeds and seedlings from the two origins, seeds collected in Iporá presented larger dimensions than those collected in Jataí, generating seedlings with greater initial growth and higher quality.
{"title":"Quality of Brosimum gaudichaudii seedlings and seeds collected in two different locations","authors":"Alcy Flávia Silva Ribeiro, G. Silva, C. G. Machado, D. P. Dias","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29061","url":null,"abstract":"The seed provenance can interfere with their size, as well as in the growth of saplings and susceptibility to stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul seeds and seedlings obtained from two different locations. Seeds were collected in two municipalities in the state of Goiás - Iporá and Jataí, in 2018. Individual seed size mass and dimension, seedling emergence percentage and speed, as well as initial growth, leaf chlorophyll index, biomass and seedling quality index (SQI) were determined. Such parameters were determined at 40, 70, 100, 130, 160 and 190 days after sowing (DAS). Individual size mass and dimension of seed collected in Iporá were superior to those collected in Jataí. Despite this, the seedling emergence percentage and seedling mortality were not affected by the different origins of seeds. As expected, there was increase in height, stem diameter and number of leaves of seedlings during the analyzed period, on the other hand, the chlorophyll index remained constant. The initial growth of seedlings differed between origins. The dry biomass did not vary between seedlings from the different origins, with greater allocation of biomass in roots. The SQI of seedlings produced from seeds collected in Iporá was higher than those collected in Jataí. Despite the quality verified for seeds and seedlings from the two origins, seeds collected in Iporá presented larger dimensions than those collected in Jataí, generating seedlings with greater initial growth and higher quality.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49258031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.28009
F. C. D. Carvalho, Bruna Aparecida Inglês, D. M. Silveira, Clandio Medeiros da Silva, André Luiz Oliveira de Francisco
Gametophytic self-incompatibility can be one of the obstacles to achieving high yields in plum orchards. Therefore, we sought to verify in the field, the occurrence of gametophytic self-compatibility and its influence on the physical characteristics of fruits in Japanese plum accessions. The work was installed at the Research Pole of IDR-Paraná in Ponta Grossa-PR, in 2021, selecting six accesses belonging to the BAG-Ameixa site. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC) with a split plot (6 x 2), with the plot having six accessions and the subplot having two methods of pollination, induced self-pollination and free pollination, with five replications. For the variables related to the physical quality of the fruits, the DIC was delimited, with the six accessions as treatment and four replicates of five fruits. Data were analyzed using the Rstudio software, applying the Tukey test at the 5% level. The variables observed for self-compatibility were the percentage of apparent and effective fruiting. For the physical quality of fruits, the total mass, seed and pulp, vertical and horizontal diameter, volume, pulp yield and seed/fruit mass ratio were evaluated. Free pollination was higher in the percentage of apparent and effective fruiting, and the genotypes PR-1013 and PR-1095 were the materials that presented the highest percentages for these variables, as well as for the physical quality of the fruits. The evaluated accessions were considered self-incompatible for not having fruits that reached the final maturity, being free pollination the best method of pollination for the development of fruits.
{"title":"Gametophytic self-compatibility and its influence on the physical characteristics of plum fruit","authors":"F. C. D. Carvalho, Bruna Aparecida Inglês, D. M. Silveira, Clandio Medeiros da Silva, André Luiz Oliveira de Francisco","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.28009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.28009","url":null,"abstract":"Gametophytic self-incompatibility can be one of the obstacles to achieving high yields in plum orchards. Therefore, we sought to verify in the field, the occurrence of gametophytic self-compatibility and its influence on the physical characteristics of fruits in Japanese plum accessions. The work was installed at the Research Pole of IDR-Paraná in Ponta Grossa-PR, in 2021, selecting six accesses belonging to the BAG-Ameixa site. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC) with a split plot (6 x 2), with the plot having six accessions and the subplot having two methods of pollination, induced self-pollination and free pollination, with five replications. For the variables related to the physical quality of the fruits, the DIC was delimited, with the six accessions as treatment and four replicates of five fruits. Data were analyzed using the Rstudio software, applying the Tukey test at the 5% level. The variables observed for self-compatibility were the percentage of apparent and effective fruiting. For the physical quality of fruits, the total mass, seed and pulp, vertical and horizontal diameter, volume, pulp yield and seed/fruit mass ratio were evaluated. Free pollination was higher in the percentage of apparent and effective fruiting, and the genotypes PR-1013 and PR-1095 were the materials that presented the highest percentages for these variables, as well as for the physical quality of the fruits. The evaluated accessions were considered self-incompatible for not having fruits that reached the final maturity, being free pollination the best method of pollination for the development of fruits.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48409719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29237
José Luiz Marcon Filho, Douglas André Würz, A. Brighenti, L. Rufato, A. Kretzschmar
The objective of this work was to perform a characterization of chemical and phenolic profile of 'Sauvignon Blanc' wines produced in the altitude region of Santa Catarina State. The study was carried out with samples of commercial wines, in 2012 and 2013 vintages, selected from nine wineries. Two samples were taken from each winery to carry out the characterization of chemical compounds, evaluating, in triplicate: ethanol, residual sugar, pH, total acidity, color, total polyphenols and individual phenolic compounds. The results of chemical and phenolic evaluations of commercial wines 'Sauvignon Blanc' demonstrate the quality of these products, with high alcohol content and preservation of organic acids, due to the climatic characteristics of the region, which influence grape maturation. All evaluated samples presented reducing sugar values lower than 5 g L-1, indicating that they were all dry wines. In addition, they presented a coloration (Abs 420nm) of 0.12, these values can be considered low, indicating the absence of oxidation process in the wines. The phenolic compound most present in the wines was caftaric acid, in both vintages. With the exception of p-coumaric acid and GRP the commercial 'Sauvignon Blanc' wines, vintage 2013, presented the highest values of individual phenolic compounds.
{"title":"CHEMICAL AND PHENOLIC PROFILE OF 'SAUVIGNON BLANC' WINES MADE IN ALTITUDE REGION OF SANTA CATARINA STATE – BRAZIL","authors":"José Luiz Marcon Filho, Douglas André Würz, A. Brighenti, L. Rufato, A. Kretzschmar","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29237","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to perform a characterization of chemical and phenolic profile of 'Sauvignon Blanc' wines produced in the altitude region of Santa Catarina State. The study was carried out with samples of commercial wines, in 2012 and 2013 vintages, selected from nine wineries. Two samples were taken from each winery to carry out the characterization of chemical compounds, evaluating, in triplicate: ethanol, residual sugar, pH, total acidity, color, total polyphenols and individual phenolic compounds. The results of chemical and phenolic evaluations of commercial wines 'Sauvignon Blanc' demonstrate the quality of these products, with high alcohol content and preservation of organic acids, due to the climatic characteristics of the region, which influence grape maturation. All evaluated samples presented reducing sugar values lower than 5 g L-1, indicating that they were all dry wines. In addition, they presented a coloration (Abs 420nm) of 0.12, these values can be considered low, indicating the absence of oxidation process in the wines. The phenolic compound most present in the wines was caftaric acid, in both vintages. With the exception of p-coumaric acid and GRP the commercial 'Sauvignon Blanc' wines, vintage 2013, presented the highest values of individual phenolic compounds.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48512536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.29282
K. Krycki, E. A. M. D. Motta, A. Brunes, A. Mills, R. Weiler, C. Simioni
Paspalum notatum Flügge (bahiagrass) is one of the most common native grasses found in southern Brazil and have become one of the most promising forage species considering their value for beef cattle production in the tropics and subtropics. The breeding program has been possible through intraspecific hybridization among sexual and apomictic clones, generating progenies with variability for agronomic traits. Hybrid materials with superior agronomic performance can be selected, registered and protected to be made available as a commercial cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate 24 intraspecific hybrids and select them for the superior agronomic traits, as well analyze correlations between forage traits that can assist in the selection of genotypes. Based on the three years of evaluation, hybrids KD9, KF1, KF4, and KD5 produced higher total dry mass than other genotypes. The hybrid KF4 too had greater leaf dry matter; KF1 and KF4 were the more cold tolerant. These genotypes were selected for new cycles of hybridization and field evaluations, such as seed production, fertilizer use efficiency and animal performance. The high correlation of the total dry mass with the other forage components might be useful for indirect select criteria in bahiagrass improving strategies.
{"title":"Intraspecific crosses and agronomic evaluation of hybrid progenies of bahiagrass","authors":"K. Krycki, E. A. M. D. Motta, A. Brunes, A. Mills, R. Weiler, C. Simioni","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.29282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.29282","url":null,"abstract":"Paspalum notatum Flügge (bahiagrass) is one of the most common native grasses found in southern Brazil and have become one of the most promising forage species considering their value for beef cattle production in the tropics and subtropics. The breeding program has been possible through intraspecific hybridization among sexual and apomictic clones, generating progenies with variability for agronomic traits. Hybrid materials with superior agronomic performance can be selected, registered and protected to be made available as a commercial cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate 24 intraspecific hybrids and select them for the superior agronomic traits, as well analyze correlations between forage traits that can assist in the selection of genotypes. Based on the three years of evaluation, hybrids KD9, KF1, KF4, and KD5 produced higher total dry mass than other genotypes. The hybrid KF4 too had greater leaf dry matter; KF1 and KF4 were the more cold tolerant. These genotypes were selected for new cycles of hybridization and field evaluations, such as seed production, fertilizer use efficiency and animal performance. The high correlation of the total dry mass with the other forage components might be useful for indirect select criteria in bahiagrass improving strategies.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43980553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v21i1.27896
Jeremias Silva dos Santos, S. Guerreiro, N. B. Medeiros, K. Alves, I. Hamoy, M. Nunes‐Rodrigues
Molecular markers can be used to monitor genetic variability in cultivated fish stocks with the aim of developing better aquaculture techniques and increasing productivity. Our objective was to evaluate genetic variability in pirarucu broodstocks in fish farms in the southeast and northeast of Pará state, Brazil. The samples were genotyped using four microsatellite markers, and genetic diversity indices were calculated for each broodstock. A total of 16 alleles were identified from the four loci tested in the 33 pirarucu samples, with means of 3.00, 2.75, and 2.25 alleles per locus in broodstocks from Tucumã, Parauapebas, and Moju municipalities, respectively. The Parauapebas broodstock had the highest mean observed heterozygosity. In the broodstocks from Tucumã and Parauapebas, the markers AgCAm16 and AgCAm18 were not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We can suggest that there were considerable losses of genetic variability in the pirarucu breeding centers of the municipalities of Tucumã, Parauapebas and Moju, compared to natural populations.
{"title":"Loss of genetic diversity among pirarucu broodstocks in fish farms: a pilot study","authors":"Jeremias Silva dos Santos, S. Guerreiro, N. B. Medeiros, K. Alves, I. Hamoy, M. Nunes‐Rodrigues","doi":"10.18188/sap.v21i1.27896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v21i1.27896","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular markers can be used to monitor genetic variability in cultivated fish stocks with the aim of developing better aquaculture techniques and increasing productivity. Our objective was to evaluate genetic variability in pirarucu broodstocks in fish farms in the southeast and northeast of Pará state, Brazil. The samples were genotyped using four microsatellite markers, and genetic diversity indices were calculated for each broodstock. A total of 16 alleles were identified from the four loci tested in the 33 pirarucu samples, with means of 3.00, 2.75, and 2.25 alleles per locus in broodstocks from Tucumã, Parauapebas, and Moju municipalities, respectively. The Parauapebas broodstock had the highest mean observed heterozygosity. In the broodstocks from Tucumã and Parauapebas, the markers AgCAm16 and AgCAm18 were not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We can suggest that there were considerable losses of genetic variability in the pirarucu breeding centers of the municipalities of Tucumã, Parauapebas and Moju, compared to natural populations.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48718801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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