Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.26292
N. Alves, A. C. Costa, Júlio M. Alvarenga
Barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is one of the species native to the Brazilian cerrado that has economic potential. Thus, for the implantation of commercial orchards of this fruit tree, it is important to produce quality seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of barueiro seedlings under different substrates containing organic residues in the municipality of Nova Xavantina-MT. The experimental design used was randomized blocks (RBD), with 7 treatments (soil (control); soil + bovine manure (2: 1); soil + coffee husk (3: 1); soil + humus (2: 1); soil + coffee husk + humus (3: 1: 1); soil + coffee husk + bovine manure (3: 1: 1); and soil + humus + bovine manure (3: 1: 1)) and 4 replicates, with ten plants per plot, totaling 280 seedlings. Treatments consisted of substrates formulated with different proportions of soil, bovine manure, coffee husk and earthworm humus. Substrate containing only soil (control) provided greater plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of leaflets, shoot and root fresh and dry mass and Dickson Quality Index. In general, residues tested did not favor the growth parameters evaluated, possibly because barueiro is a species native to the Cerrado, not very demanding in soil fertility. Under the conditions of this work, it is recommended the use of soil in the formulation of substrates to produce barueiro seedlings. The addition of organic matter to the soil had negative effect on seedling development.
{"title":"Production of barueiro seedlings in different substrates","authors":"N. Alves, A. C. Costa, Júlio M. Alvarenga","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.26292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.26292","url":null,"abstract":"Barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is one of the species native to the Brazilian cerrado that has economic potential. Thus, for the implantation of commercial orchards of this fruit tree, it is important to produce quality seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of barueiro seedlings under different substrates containing organic residues in the municipality of Nova Xavantina-MT. The experimental design used was randomized blocks (RBD), with 7 treatments (soil (control); soil + bovine manure (2: 1); soil + coffee husk (3: 1); soil + humus (2: 1); soil + coffee husk + humus (3: 1: 1); soil + coffee husk + bovine manure (3: 1: 1); and soil + humus + bovine manure (3: 1: 1)) and 4 replicates, with ten plants per plot, totaling 280 seedlings. Treatments consisted of substrates formulated with different proportions of soil, bovine manure, coffee husk and earthworm humus. Substrate containing only soil (control) provided greater plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of leaflets, shoot and root fresh and dry mass and Dickson Quality Index. In general, residues tested did not favor the growth parameters evaluated, possibly because barueiro is a species native to the Cerrado, not very demanding in soil fertility. Under the conditions of this work, it is recommended the use of soil in the formulation of substrates to produce barueiro seedlings. The addition of organic matter to the soil had negative effect on seedling development.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43578875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25314
Andrea Viana Cruz, Andrew Guilherme Oliveira, Bruno Daniel Sales da Silva, Elton Alex Correa da Silva, A. Lima
Goat milk is a high-quality food of fundamental importance for thousands of people involved in the socioeconomic development of this product, and dairy goat farms are well estasblished in the agricultural scenario, especially when analyzing small rural producers. The quality of goat milk is defined by its physicochemical and microbiological parameters. Adequate hygiene, handling, and management practices, from obtaining milk to commercialization, are of fundamental importance for guaranteeing food quality and safety for the consumer market. It is important to know the microbiological quality of milk, since it belongs to one of the most relevant food groups for the population. Brazilian legislation establishes minimum quality requirements for goat milk intended for human consumption in Normative Instruction 37 ̸2000. The goals of this literature review were to present the issues related to the physicochemical composition, microbiological aspects, and nutritional properties of goat's milk as a reference measure and to highlight some characteristics. Despite the similarities with the milk of other animal species, goat milk is a unique product, and the study of this raw material is of great importance for industry as well as for the scientific community.
{"title":"Physicochemical and microbiological aspects of goat milk","authors":"Andrea Viana Cruz, Andrew Guilherme Oliveira, Bruno Daniel Sales da Silva, Elton Alex Correa da Silva, A. Lima","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25314","url":null,"abstract":"Goat milk is a high-quality food of fundamental importance for thousands of people involved in the socioeconomic development of this product, and dairy goat farms are well estasblished in the agricultural scenario, especially when analyzing small rural producers. The quality of goat milk is defined by its physicochemical and microbiological parameters. Adequate hygiene, handling, and management practices, from obtaining milk to commercialization, are of fundamental importance for guaranteeing food quality and safety for the consumer market. It is important to know the microbiological quality of milk, since it belongs to one of the most relevant food groups for the population. Brazilian legislation establishes minimum quality requirements for goat milk intended for human consumption in Normative Instruction 37 ̸2000. The goals of this literature review were to present the issues related to the physicochemical composition, microbiological aspects, and nutritional properties of goat's milk as a reference measure and to highlight some characteristics. Despite the similarities with the milk of other animal species, goat milk is a unique product, and the study of this raw material is of great importance for industry as well as for the scientific community.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43227940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25600
Adriana Dallago, Américo Wagner Júnior, Cristiano Hossel, Jéssica Scalet Alves de Oliveira Hossel, Alexandre Hack Porto
Guabiju tree is usually propagated by seeds, although this method presents disadvantages, such as a long juvenile period and great genetic variability, resulting in uneven plants which makes management and the establishment of commercial orchards difficult, in addition to the delay in the production entry. The objective of this work was to test the propagation technique by mini-cutting in guabiju tree. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial (ontogeny of the matrix plant x cut length x IBA concentration), with four replications and 20 mini-cuttings per experimental unit. A hundred and twenty days after the implantation of the experiment, the rooting percentage and callogenesis of the mini-cuttings, the secondary root total length, the aerial part and number of leaves were evaluated. The rooted mini-cuttings were transplanted into larger containers with substrate, and after 60 days of transplantation, their survival percentage was analyzed. The highest rooting percentage was obtained with 0 mg L-1 of IBA with an 57.69% average. Mini-cuttings had a high percentage of survival, with 87.5% being the lowest, presenting a satisfactory result. For the guabiju tree propagation by mini-cutting, it is recommended not to use IBA and adopt a length of four centimeters, using a juvenile matrix plant.
Guabiju树通常通过种子繁殖，尽管这种方法存在缺点，如幼年期长和遗传变异性大，导致植株不均匀，这使得管理和建立商业果园变得困难，此外还延迟了生产进入。本工作的目的是测试小切口在番石榴树上的繁殖技术。所用的实验设计是完全随机的，采用2 x 2 x 3的因子（基质植物的个体发育x切割长度x IBA浓度），每个实验单元进行四次复制和20次迷你切割。在实验植入120天后，对迷你插条的生根率和胼胝体发生、次根总长、地上部分和叶片数量进行了评估。将生根的迷你插条移植到有基质的较大容器中，移植60天后，分析其存活率。生根率最高的是0 mg L-1的IBA，平均生根率为57.69%。迷你插条的成活率很高，最低为87.5%，取得了令人满意的效果。对于通过小型扦插繁殖的番石榴树，建议不要使用IBA，而是采用4厘米长的幼树基质植物。
{"title":"Guabiju tree propagation by mini-cutting: ontogeny of the matrix, cutting length and indole-butyric acid","authors":"Adriana Dallago, Américo Wagner Júnior, Cristiano Hossel, Jéssica Scalet Alves de Oliveira Hossel, Alexandre Hack Porto","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25600","url":null,"abstract":"Guabiju tree is usually propagated by seeds, although this method presents disadvantages, such as a long juvenile period and great genetic variability, resulting in uneven plants which makes management and the establishment of commercial orchards difficult, in addition to the delay in the production entry. The objective of this work was to test the propagation technique by mini-cutting in guabiju tree. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial (ontogeny of the matrix plant x cut length x IBA concentration), with four replications and 20 mini-cuttings per experimental unit. A hundred and twenty days after the implantation of the experiment, the rooting percentage and callogenesis of the mini-cuttings, the secondary root total length, the aerial part and number of leaves were evaluated. The rooted mini-cuttings were transplanted into larger containers with substrate, and after 60 days of transplantation, their survival percentage was analyzed. The highest rooting percentage was obtained with 0 mg L-1 of IBA with an 57.69% average. Mini-cuttings had a high percentage of survival, with 87.5% being the lowest, presenting a satisfactory result. For the guabiju tree propagation by mini-cutting, it is recommended not to use IBA and adopt a length of four centimeters, using a juvenile matrix plant.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46701563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25542
N. B. Alves, D. G. Castro, M. R. Félix, L. M. Tomé, A. R. Neto, F. B. S. Botelho
The control of the impact of diseases on plants can be carried out via breeding, through the development of cultivars less susceptible to pathogens. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the severity of fungal diseases in upland rice strains from the Cultivation and Use Value test, belonging to the Upland Rice Breeding Program” of Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), in partnership with “EMBRAPA Rice and Beans” and the “Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Company” (EPAMIG). The experiment was installed in the municipalities of Lambari and Lavras, both in Minas Gerais, Brasil, in the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, in a randomized block design with three replications. Were evaluated 14 lines, 11 lines of the program and 3 commercial witnesses, regarding the intensity of diseases (leaf and neck blast, brown spot, grain spot and scalding). There was a significant difference between lineages for all traits, except brown spot, indicating the presence of genetic variability for the characters in question. The study of the interaction was performed, decomposing the statistically significant ones in simple and complex interactions. The experiment presented a coefficient of variation from 29% to 56% and accuracy from 56% to 95.5%, indicating that the estimates were obtained with good to medium experimental precision. It is essential to evaluate diseases in breeding programs in order to select cultivars that are increasingly resistant, as these affect not only productivity, but the quality and final yield of grains. The genotypes CMG 2119 (5), CMG 2162 (1), CMG 1896 (13) and CMG 2168 (2) were shown to be more tolerant to all diseases simultaneously, being, therefore, the most suitable for the launch, considering the character disease resistance. The Upland Rice Breeding Program of UFLA has lines with variability for resistance, strains with potential for release.
{"title":"Performance of upland rice strains in reaction to fungal diseases","authors":"N. B. Alves, D. G. Castro, M. R. Félix, L. M. Tomé, A. R. Neto, F. B. S. Botelho","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25542","url":null,"abstract":"The control of the impact of diseases on plants can be carried out via breeding, through the development of cultivars less susceptible to pathogens. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the severity of fungal diseases in upland rice strains from the Cultivation and Use Value test, belonging to the Upland Rice Breeding Program” of Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), in partnership with “EMBRAPA Rice and Beans” and the “Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Company” (EPAMIG). The experiment was installed in the municipalities of Lambari and Lavras, both in Minas Gerais, Brasil, in the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, in a randomized block design with three replications. Were evaluated 14 lines, 11 lines of the program and 3 commercial witnesses, regarding the intensity of diseases (leaf and neck blast, brown spot, grain spot and scalding). There was a significant difference between lineages for all traits, except brown spot, indicating the presence of genetic variability for the characters in question. The study of the interaction was performed, decomposing the statistically significant ones in simple and complex interactions. The experiment presented a coefficient of variation from 29% to 56% and accuracy from 56% to 95.5%, indicating that the estimates were obtained with good to medium experimental precision. It is essential to evaluate diseases in breeding programs in order to select cultivars that are increasingly resistant, as these affect not only productivity, but the quality and final yield of grains. The genotypes CMG 2119 (5), CMG 2162 (1), CMG 1896 (13) and CMG 2168 (2) were shown to be more tolerant to all diseases simultaneously, being, therefore, the most suitable for the launch, considering the character disease resistance. The Upland Rice Breeding Program of UFLA has lines with variability for resistance, strains with potential for release.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42481017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.26175
R. Almeida, Guilherme da Costa Assis, L. A. Melo, G. A. Silva, E. Resende, Matheus Santos Luz, João Cortes Regadas Resende
Increasing the productive potential of native species is a challenge for forest genetic improvement. Progeny tests are efficient tools to determine the reproductive capacity of individuals and to assist with the selection of superior genotypes. Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud, is a native species of commercial interest due to its high potential for sawn wood. The performance of seedling production from different progenies was the objective of this work. Seeds were collected from 34 matrices selected phenotypically and georeferenced in the region of Lavras - MG. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications of 12 plants. Germination after 70 days of sowing, survival and height at 170 days after germination were evaluated. Height and genetic parameters were estimated according to mixed REML / BLUP models using the Selegen software model 82. Progeny 104 (70.8%) was superior in germination and progenies 86 (35.42%), 92 (35.42%) and 111 (43.75%) had the highest survival rates. Height shows high values for the individual additive genetic variation coefficient (49.18%) and genotypic variation coefficient between progenies (24.59%) and moderate values of heritability in the restricted individual sense (0.45) and heritability within progenies (0.38). Due to high values for the coefficient of genotypic variation and moderate values of heritability, there is a potential for height improvements. Progenies 104 stand out in the germination and the progenies 86, 92 and 111 in the seedlings survival). Regarding height, progeny 95 is the only one that stands out negatively.
{"title":"Growth and genetic parameters of progenies of Cordia trichotoma in the juvenile phase","authors":"R. Almeida, Guilherme da Costa Assis, L. A. Melo, G. A. Silva, E. Resende, Matheus Santos Luz, João Cortes Regadas Resende","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.26175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.26175","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the productive potential of native species is a challenge for forest genetic improvement. Progeny tests are efficient tools to determine the reproductive capacity of individuals and to assist with the selection of superior genotypes. Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud, is a native species of commercial interest due to its high potential for sawn wood. The performance of seedling production from different progenies was the objective of this work. Seeds were collected from 34 matrices selected phenotypically and georeferenced in the region of Lavras - MG. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications of 12 plants. Germination after 70 days of sowing, survival and height at 170 days after germination were evaluated. Height and genetic parameters were estimated according to mixed REML / BLUP models using the Selegen software model 82. Progeny 104 (70.8%) was superior in germination and progenies 86 (35.42%), 92 (35.42%) and 111 (43.75%) had the highest survival rates. Height shows high values for the individual additive genetic variation coefficient (49.18%) and genotypic variation coefficient between progenies (24.59%) and moderate values of heritability in the restricted individual sense (0.45) and heritability within progenies (0.38). Due to high values for the coefficient of genotypic variation and moderate values of heritability, there is a potential for height improvements. Progenies 104 stand out in the germination and the progenies 86, 92 and 111 in the seedlings survival). Regarding height, progeny 95 is the only one that stands out negatively.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43828084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25964
Camile Carvalho Lopes, L. Fontes, Luiz Eduardo Santos Lazzarini, F. Freitas, José Hamilton da Costa Filho, Eudinete Ribeiro de Sousa
Phytosociology is a set of ecological assessment methods that aim to provide a view of plant species distributions within a plant assemblage. The objective of the current study was to identify and quantify the plants designated as weeds in a glyphosate-resistant soybean crop, using a phytosociological survey of a conventional planting system on the Fazenda Agrosantos (09°27’4124.4” S and 45º01’00.4” O), Vale do Gurguéia, Monte Alegre municipality Piauí state, Brazil. The site lies at a mean altitude of 652 m. Field collections were made 15 days after initial soya planting. For sampling, a 0.40 x 0.40 m quadrat was used, thrown randomly twenty times within the experimental area. Weeds were identified and quantified using the sum of the samples obtained from the quadrat samples. Plants that lay within the quadrat were identified, counted and collected for identification, which was carried out by comparison with specialist bibliographies and weed identification manuals. Evaluated variables were: frequency, density, abundance, relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance and species importance value index. In the soybean cultivation area, 60% of the sampled species were Eudicotyledons, and a total of 8 botanical families and 10 weed species were identified. The species Cenchrus echinatus, Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult, Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Zea mays L showed the highest values for the analyzed variables, and should therefore be of special attention to soybean producers in the region of Vale da Gurguéia, Piauí, Brazil.
{"title":"Phytosociological survey of weed plants in soybean culture in the Gurguéia Valley","authors":"Camile Carvalho Lopes, L. Fontes, Luiz Eduardo Santos Lazzarini, F. Freitas, José Hamilton da Costa Filho, Eudinete Ribeiro de Sousa","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25964","url":null,"abstract":"Phytosociology is a set of ecological assessment methods that aim to provide a view of plant species distributions within a plant assemblage. The objective of the current study was to identify and quantify the plants designated as weeds in a glyphosate-resistant soybean crop, using a phytosociological survey of a conventional planting system on the Fazenda Agrosantos (09°27’4124.4” S and 45º01’00.4” O), Vale do Gurguéia, Monte Alegre municipality Piauí state, Brazil. The site lies at a mean altitude of 652 m. Field collections were made 15 days after initial soya planting. For sampling, a 0.40 x 0.40 m quadrat was used, thrown randomly twenty times within the experimental area. Weeds were identified and quantified using the sum of the samples obtained from the quadrat samples. Plants that lay within the quadrat were identified, counted and collected for identification, which was carried out by comparison with specialist bibliographies and weed identification manuals. Evaluated variables were: frequency, density, abundance, relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance and species importance value index. In the soybean cultivation area, 60% of the sampled species were Eudicotyledons, and a total of 8 botanical families and 10 weed species were identified. The species Cenchrus echinatus, Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult, Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Zea mays L showed the highest values for the analyzed variables, and should therefore be of special attention to soybean producers in the region of Vale da Gurguéia, Piauí, Brazil.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41714935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.15403
N. G. Marengoni, Ana Paula Satório Chambo
The macrophytes in natural conditions perform an important role in the maintenance and balance of aquatic environments with a capacity of absorbing the excess of nutrients and pollutants serving as bioindicators of water quality in aquatic ecosystems. The objective was to evaluate the levels of trace metals in three species of macrophytes (Egeria densa - submerged and Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia auriculata - floating) collected around an aquaculture area of cages in the Itaipu Binational reservoir, during the four seasons of the year. The macrophyte samples were submitted of nitroperchloric digestion. Subsequently, the quantification of metals (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd and Cr) was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry analytical method. The concentration of Cu, Fe and Mn in E. densa and S. auriculata was higher (P<0.05) than in E. crassipes. The samples of S. auriculata and E. crassipes had the lowest concentrations (P<0.05) of Pb. The lowest metal pollution index (MPI) was determined in E. crassipes. There was greater bioaccumulation of metals in the root concerning the stem and leaves of E. crassipes (P<0.05). The results obtained in this study show the influence of seasonal variation in the levels of Fe and Zn and the species analyzed on the concentration of Fe, Zn and Mn accumulated in aquatic macrophytes. The macrophytes E. crassipes and E. densa can be considered efficient accumulators of metals, indicating the exposure of the concentration of trace metals around the aquaculture area intended for the fish production in cages.
{"title":"Quantification of metals in macrophytes in an aquaculture area of the itaipu binational reservoir","authors":"N. G. Marengoni, Ana Paula Satório Chambo","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.15403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.15403","url":null,"abstract":"The macrophytes in natural conditions perform an important role in the maintenance and balance of aquatic environments with a capacity of absorbing the excess of nutrients and pollutants serving as bioindicators of water quality in aquatic ecosystems. The objective was to evaluate the levels of trace metals in three species of macrophytes (Egeria densa - submerged and Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia auriculata - floating) collected around an aquaculture area of cages in the Itaipu Binational reservoir, during the four seasons of the year. The macrophyte samples were submitted of nitroperchloric digestion. Subsequently, the quantification of metals (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd and Cr) was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry analytical method. The concentration of Cu, Fe and Mn in E. densa and S. auriculata was higher (P<0.05) than in E. crassipes. The samples of S. auriculata and E. crassipes had the lowest concentrations (P<0.05) of Pb. The lowest metal pollution index (MPI) was determined in E. crassipes. There was greater bioaccumulation of metals in the root concerning the stem and leaves of E. crassipes (P<0.05). The results obtained in this study show the influence of seasonal variation in the levels of Fe and Zn and the species analyzed on the concentration of Fe, Zn and Mn accumulated in aquatic macrophytes. The macrophytes E. crassipes and E. densa can be considered efficient accumulators of metals, indicating the exposure of the concentration of trace metals around the aquaculture area intended for the fish production in cages.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41883399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25409
Elton Ferreira Lima, R. Moraes, J. F. Damascena, Edson Araújo de Amorim, L. Santos, Karolayne dos Santos Costa
Water is gradually becoming scarcer and more expensive. Therefore, any means that aims at a more efficient use of this substance in the most diverse sectors, becomes essential. In this context, the accurate estimation of evapotranspiration is of fundamental importance. With this in mind, the objective of this work was to compare the performance of different methodologies for estimating reference evapotranspiration in relation to the FAO Penman-Monteith method on days with and without precipitation in the region of Cambará do Sul/RS. To achieve this goal, daily data on maximum air temperature (°C), minimum temperature (°C), relative air humidity (%), dew point temperature (°C), wind speed at 2 m high (m s-1), atmospheric pressure (hPa) and global solar radiation (MJ m-2 d-1), were acquired from the automatic weather station located in Cambará do Sul/RS and divided into two sets (days with and without precipitation ). The comparison between the different methodologies and the standard method, for each period mentioned above, took place through a simple linear regression analysis to obtain the regression coefficients a and b and the determination coefficient. Subsequently, Pearson's correlation coefficient, root of the mean square of the error, Willmott index and the Camargo and Sentelhas index were calculated . For the municipality of Cambará do Sul/RS to replace the Penman-Monteith method, we recommend the use of the Penman and Makkink methods, which presented satisfactory performance in all periods analyzed.
{"title":"Comparison of reference evapotranspiration estimation methods, on days with and without precipitation","authors":"Elton Ferreira Lima, R. Moraes, J. F. Damascena, Edson Araújo de Amorim, L. Santos, Karolayne dos Santos Costa","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.25409","url":null,"abstract":"Water is gradually becoming scarcer and more expensive. Therefore, any means that aims at a more efficient use of this substance in the most diverse sectors, becomes essential. In this context, the accurate estimation of evapotranspiration is of fundamental importance. With this in mind, the objective of this work was to compare the performance of different methodologies for estimating reference evapotranspiration in relation to the FAO Penman-Monteith method on days with and without precipitation in the region of Cambará do Sul/RS. To achieve this goal, daily data on maximum air temperature (°C), minimum temperature (°C), relative air humidity (%), dew point temperature (°C), wind speed at 2 m high (m s-1), atmospheric pressure (hPa) and global solar radiation (MJ m-2 d-1), were acquired from the automatic weather station located in Cambará do Sul/RS and divided into two sets (days with and without precipitation ). The comparison between the different methodologies and the standard method, for each period mentioned above, took place through a simple linear regression analysis to obtain the regression coefficients a and b and the determination coefficient. Subsequently, Pearson's correlation coefficient, root of the mean square of the error, Willmott index and the Camargo and Sentelhas index were calculated . For the municipality of Cambará do Sul/RS to replace the Penman-Monteith method, we recommend the use of the Penman and Makkink methods, which presented satisfactory performance in all periods analyzed.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48357309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.18188/SAP.V20I1.24998
Kelli Pirola, M. Dotto, Américo Wagner Júnior, A. Castillo, M. Herrero
Pitangueira (E. uniflora) is considered a diploid species with n = 11 and 2n = 22 chromosomes, in genotypes with the presence of seeds in the fruits. With the pitangueira production of apyrenic fruits existence, such behavior may be related to the ploidy level. The objective of this study was to determine the ploidy level of the pitangueira accessions producing fruit with and without seed, as well as to observe the meiotic behavior and possible chromosomal abnormalities. To check the ploidy level of the pitangueira, freshly expanded mature leaves were collected from the pyrenic pitangueira and from two pyrenic accessions, with suspensions of intact nuclei being prepared. Samples were analyzed in a flow cytometer equipped with multiple parameters data acquisition and UV laser. All analyses were performed using peak-height detection (>6000 fluorescent events, for example, nuclei, were analyzed per sample) and logarithmic amplification. The data were presented as histograms of the number of nuclei along the y-axis and the relative fluorescence intensity on the x-axis. The pyrenean pitangueira and other two pyrenic accessions were characterized as diploid.
{"title":"Ploidia levels in pyrenic and apyrenic “pitangueira” accessions","authors":"Kelli Pirola, M. Dotto, Américo Wagner Júnior, A. Castillo, M. Herrero","doi":"10.18188/SAP.V20I1.24998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/SAP.V20I1.24998","url":null,"abstract":"Pitangueira (E. uniflora) is considered a diploid species with n = 11 and 2n = 22 chromosomes, in genotypes with the presence of seeds in the fruits. With the pitangueira production of apyrenic fruits existence, such behavior may be related to the ploidy level. The objective of this study was to determine the ploidy level of the pitangueira accessions producing fruit with and without seed, as well as to observe the meiotic behavior and possible chromosomal abnormalities. To check the ploidy level of the pitangueira, freshly expanded mature leaves were collected from the pyrenic pitangueira and from two pyrenic accessions, with suspensions of intact nuclei being prepared. Samples were analyzed in a flow cytometer equipped with multiple parameters data acquisition and UV laser. All analyses were performed using peak-height detection (>6000 fluorescent events, for example, nuclei, were analyzed per sample) and logarithmic amplification. The data were presented as histograms of the number of nuclei along the y-axis and the relative fluorescence intensity on the x-axis. The pyrenean pitangueira and other two pyrenic accessions were characterized as diploid.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42096330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.18188/sap.v20i2.26724
Ricardo Alves Araújo, Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco Pompeu, Luiza De Nazaré Carneiro da Silva, José Neuman Miranda Neiva
Evaluated the influence of the substitution of soybean meal (SM) by detoxified castor cake (DCC) on the intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, nitrogen balance and function hepatic and renal of goats fed with diets containing DCC by alkaline solutions in confinement regime during different stages of biological development (growth, pregnancy and lactation). The treatments consisted of three diets, a formulated with corn and soybean meal (SM) and the others were formulated with detoxified castor cake by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 DCC) and another composed by detoxified castor by DCC of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In relation to the biological stages, we observed higher intakes of DM and all the nutrients by goats during lactation, representing up to 4% of body weight. In relation to renal and hepatic parameters showed that there was interaction between the diets and biological stages on the levels of total proteins, direct bilirubin, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase. In a general way, the goats fed with both castor cake, regardless of the stage evaluated had higher levels. The detoxified castor cake by alkaline solutions in replacement of soybean meal proved to be a viable alternative in the feeding of goats in the three-stage biological, because it does not affect the functionality of the liver and kidney function and the nitrogen balance, in spite of the diets formulated with detoxified castor by sodium hydroxide decrease the intake of dry matter and nutrients.
{"title":"GOATS FED DETOXIFIED CASTOR CAKE IN DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGICAL STAGES: II. NUTRITIONAL PARAMETERS, HEPATIC AND RENAL","authors":"Ricardo Alves Araújo, Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco Pompeu, Luiza De Nazaré Carneiro da Silva, José Neuman Miranda Neiva","doi":"10.18188/sap.v20i2.26724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18188/sap.v20i2.26724","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluated the influence of the substitution of soybean meal (SM) by detoxified castor cake (DCC) on the intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, nitrogen balance and function hepatic and renal of goats fed with diets containing DCC by alkaline solutions in confinement regime during different stages of biological development (growth, pregnancy and lactation). The treatments consisted of three diets, a formulated with corn and soybean meal (SM) and the others were formulated with detoxified castor cake by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 DCC) and another composed by detoxified castor by DCC of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In relation to the biological stages, we observed higher intakes of DM and all the nutrients by goats during lactation, representing up to 4% of body weight. In relation to renal and hepatic parameters showed that there was interaction between the diets and biological stages on the levels of total proteins, direct bilirubin, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase. In a general way, the goats fed with both castor cake, regardless of the stage evaluated had higher levels. The detoxified castor cake by alkaline solutions in replacement of soybean meal proved to be a viable alternative in the feeding of goats in the three-stage biological, because it does not affect the functionality of the liver and kidney function and the nitrogen balance, in spite of the diets formulated with detoxified castor by sodium hydroxide decrease the intake of dry matter and nutrients.","PeriodicalId":30289,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agraria Paranaensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43920831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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