The purpose of this research is to examine how different dimensions of organizational flexibility (strategic, structural, and operational) impact organizational ambidexterity within the higher education sector in Iraq. To collect data, a survey instrument is used and a quantitative approach is adopted, with 85 academic staff members participating out of a targeted sample size of 295 lecturers from colleges and institutes within Duhok Polytechnic University (DPU) located in Duhok city, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Structural Equation Modelling is utilized to determine the direction of the relationship between the variables. Based on the study, it was found that Structure Flexibility has a positive and significant impact on both Exploration and Exploitation of organizational ambidexterity. Additionally, Operational Flexibility also had a significant and positive effect on Exploration and Exploitation. However, the effect of Strategy Flexibility on organizational ambidexterity (Exploration and Exploitation was not significant and surpassed the significance level of 0.05. In addition to the findings, this study addresses the key policy implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research regarding higher education institutions.
{"title":"The Effect of Organizational Flexibility on Organizational Ambidexterity in Higher Education Institutions in Iraq","authors":"Mohammed R. Yaseen Zeebaree","doi":"10.32479/irmm.15705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.15705","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to examine how different dimensions of organizational flexibility (strategic, structural, and operational) impact organizational ambidexterity within the higher education sector in Iraq. To collect data, a survey instrument is used and a quantitative approach is adopted, with 85 academic staff members participating out of a targeted sample size of 295 lecturers from colleges and institutes within Duhok Polytechnic University (DPU) located in Duhok city, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Structural Equation Modelling is utilized to determine the direction of the relationship between the variables. Based on the study, it was found that Structure Flexibility has a positive and significant impact on both Exploration and Exploitation of organizational ambidexterity. Additionally, Operational Flexibility also had a significant and positive effect on Exploration and Exploitation. However, the effect of Strategy Flexibility on organizational ambidexterity (Exploration and Exploitation was not significant and surpassed the significance level of 0.05. In addition to the findings, this study addresses the key policy implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research regarding higher education institutions.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":"50 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to clarify the study of corruption in public procurement in public organizations in Indonesia, which when studied through the dimensions of anthropology and democracy is considered too broad in scope and cannot touch the main substance in the discussion of corruption that is specific to public organizations. Corruption in public procurement management in Indonesia is still seen as part of unethical behavior and from a rational perspective is also seen as deviant behavior. The factors for the formation of unethical behavior and categorized as deviant behavior are due to, among others, the structural pressure factors of individuals in public organizations and the intervention factors of parties ranging from vendors, state administrators, and state officials in providing "lure" in the form of gifts or rewards for state administrators and state officials to abuse authority. The results of the study successfully identified modes of corruption in the procurement of goods/services based on the stages and perpetrators of corruption. Corruption in particular in Indonesia is also caused by the weak supervision and management system for preventing corruption in Indonesia. The design of an appropriate and credible public procurement method is one of the solutions to reduce the risk of corruption that begins with the public procurement process. The e-Purchasing method with the e-Cataloque mechanism without negotiations with vendors as a concrete manifestation of the selection of goods/services procurement methods is considered to be very supportive of corruption prevention efforts in Indonesia, because it can directly limit corrupt behavior in public organizations. The novelty, in this study, is to provide recommendations for improvement in the form of a recommendation system design for government procurement of goods/services that is more directed at prioritizing the use of the e-Purchasing method with the e-Cataloque mechanism to reduce the risk of corruption in government spending.
{"title":"Understanding with a Practical Perspective the Corruption Mode of Goods/Services Procurement in Indonesian Public Organizations","authors":"Dodi Hardinata, Auliyah Patih Hardinata","doi":"10.32479/irmm.15436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.15436","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to clarify the study of corruption in public procurement in public organizations in Indonesia, which when studied through the dimensions of anthropology and democracy is considered too broad in scope and cannot touch the main substance in the discussion of corruption that is specific to public organizations. Corruption in public procurement management in Indonesia is still seen as part of unethical behavior and from a rational perspective is also seen as deviant behavior. The factors for the formation of unethical behavior and categorized as deviant behavior are due to, among others, the structural pressure factors of individuals in public organizations and the intervention factors of parties ranging from vendors, state administrators, and state officials in providing \"lure\" in the form of gifts or rewards for state administrators and state officials to abuse authority. The results of the study successfully identified modes of corruption in the procurement of goods/services based on the stages and perpetrators of corruption. Corruption in particular in Indonesia is also caused by the weak supervision and management system for preventing corruption in Indonesia. The design of an appropriate and credible public procurement method is one of the solutions to reduce the risk of corruption that begins with the public procurement process. The e-Purchasing method with the e-Cataloque mechanism without negotiations with vendors as a concrete manifestation of the selection of goods/services procurement methods is considered to be very supportive of corruption prevention efforts in Indonesia, because it can directly limit corrupt behavior in public organizations. The novelty, in this study, is to provide recommendations for improvement in the form of a recommendation system design for government procurement of goods/services that is more directed at prioritizing the use of the e-Purchasing method with the e-Cataloque mechanism to reduce the risk of corruption in government spending.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone, and the main stimulus of development, and studies demonstrate that these businesses play an essential role in the economic growth of the global economy. Adaptive management is a crucial approach for enhancing the resilience and growth of SMEs in today's dynamic and unpredictable business environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of adaptive management in the resilience and growth of SMEs. A qualitative technique was employed as the research method in this study to collect and analyze data to ascertain the role of adaptive management in the resilience and growth of SMEs. The population of this study constitutes SME owners and managers within South Africa and a straightforward random selection process was used to choose the 20 of them to participate in the study. Atlas ti was used to code and analyze transcripts, produce network diagrams, and visualize data. It is evident from the findings of this study that poor management in an enterprise would inevitably result in the failure of the business. This implies that SMEs that embrace adaptive management principles demonstrate a higher capacity to navigate through uncertainties and capitalize on emerging opportunities, thus fostering resilience and sustainable growth. This suggests that for small businesses to succeed, SME owners and the government should collaborate to find solutions to most managerial problems faced by businesses so that the enterprises can grow and be sustainable.
中小型企业（SMEs）是发展的支柱和主要推动力，研究表明，这些企业在全球经济增长中发挥着至关重要的作用。在当今动态和不可预测的商业环境中，适应性管理是提高中小企业应变能力和增长的重要方法。本研究的目的是确定适应性管理在中小企业的恢复力和增长中的作用。本研究采用定性技术作为研究方法，收集和分析数据，以确定适应性管理在中小企业的恢复力和成长中的作用。本研究的研究对象包括南非的中小企业所有者和管理者，采用直接随机抽取的方式选出其中的 20 人参与研究。我们使用 Atlas ti 对记录进行编码和分析，制作网络图，并将数据可视化。本研究的结果表明，企业管理不善将不可避免地导致业务失败。这就意味着，接受适应性管理原则的中小型企业具有更强的能力，能够驾驭不确定因素，抓住新出现的机遇，从而增强应变能力，实现可持续增长。这表明，要使小企业取得成功，中小企业主和政府应合作找到解决企业面临的大多数管理问题的办法，从而使企业能够成长和可持续发展。
{"title":"The Role of Adaptive Management in the Resilience and Growth of Small and Medium Size Enterprises","authors":"P. Saah, Charles Mbohwa, N. Madonsela","doi":"10.32479/irmm.15139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.15139","url":null,"abstract":"Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone, and the main stimulus of development, and studies demonstrate that these businesses play an essential role in the economic growth of the global economy. Adaptive management is a crucial approach for enhancing the resilience and growth of SMEs in today's dynamic and unpredictable business environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of adaptive management in the resilience and growth of SMEs. A qualitative technique was employed as the research method in this study to collect and analyze data to ascertain the role of adaptive management in the resilience and growth of SMEs. The population of this study constitutes SME owners and managers within South Africa and a straightforward random selection process was used to choose the 20 of them to participate in the study. Atlas ti was used to code and analyze transcripts, produce network diagrams, and visualize data. It is evident from the findings of this study that poor management in an enterprise would inevitably result in the failure of the business. This implies that SMEs that embrace adaptive management principles demonstrate a higher capacity to navigate through uncertainties and capitalize on emerging opportunities, thus fostering resilience and sustainable growth. This suggests that for small businesses to succeed, SME owners and the government should collaborate to find solutions to most managerial problems faced by businesses so that the enterprises can grow and be sustainable.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decade, social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook have been used tremendously as a marketing strategy, especially in transforming firms’ interaction with customers. However, few firms have strategized on using social media to expand their geographical reach to customers. This study looks at the effects of social media marketing platforms on sales revenue in Tanzania Telecommunication Company Limited. Specifically, the study assesses the most used social media platform in sales revenue at Tanzania Telecommunication Corporation; and the contribution of the most used social media marketing platform to sales revenue in TTCL. The study is quantitatively designed involving the use of questionnaires in data collection. A cross-sectional study approach was used to gather data from a sample of fifty (50) respondents from Dodoma and Mwanza TTCL commercial regions. Data gathered were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that Instagram is the social media marketing platform that contributes the most to sales revenue. The study concludes that the use of Instagram promotes sales revenue more than other social media marketing platforms. The study recommends that in order to promote the effective use of technology for sales revenue in public institutions, the government should enact regulations that push these institutions to use social media marketing platforms in advertisements.
{"title":"Social Media Marketing Platforms and Sales Revenue in Tanzania Telecommunication Company Limited","authors":"Leyla Juma Pongwe, Josephine Churk","doi":"10.32479/irmm.15294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.15294","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Over the past decade, social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook have been used tremendously as a marketing strategy, especially in transforming firms’ interaction with customers. However, few firms have strategized on using social media to expand their geographical reach to customers. This study looks at the effects of social media marketing platforms on sales revenue in Tanzania Telecommunication Company Limited. Specifically, the study assesses the most used social media platform in sales revenue at Tanzania Telecommunication Corporation; and the contribution of the most used social media marketing platform to sales revenue in TTCL. The study is quantitatively designed involving the use of questionnaires in data collection. A cross-sectional study approach was used to gather data from a sample of fifty (50) respondents from Dodoma and Mwanza TTCL commercial regions. Data gathered were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that Instagram is the social media marketing platform that contributes the most to sales revenue. The study concludes that the use of Instagram promotes sales revenue more than other social media marketing platforms. The study recommends that in order to promote the effective use of technology for sales revenue in public institutions, the government should enact regulations that push these institutions to use social media marketing platforms in advertisements.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motivated by lack of empirical research on how the marketing mix (price, place, product promotion, process, packaging, physical evidence, people, programming and partnership) directly or indirectly enhance the women’s business viability and sustainability in South Africa and elsewhere. This research empirically investigated how marketing mix can be used to enhance women’s business viability among 301 registered business owners trained in marketing and participated in the survey and answered details questions focusing on Limpopo province -South Africa. AIDA theory, diffusion of innovation theory and Marketing Mix Theory underpinned the study. Quantitative descriptive survey research strategy was adopted, Robustness analysis was entirely performed using SPSS version 28. The study’s findings were that women’s businesses in Musina and Blouberg in Limpopo province use the 10Ps. The four most used marketing strategies were, price, place promotion and product. The averagely used marketing strategies were: people, packaging, programming, physical evidence and partnership. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge and further contributes to the use of 10Ps marketing mix strategies and framework by women’s businesses. The study’s main implication is that business entities may not achieve their full financial performance potential due to little or no attention to the use of 10Ps marketing mix components and training. This study provides robust recommendations and insights into marketing practices applicable to other business entities globally.
{"title":"Marketing mix Framework as a Tool to Enhance Women’s Business Viability in Limpopo-South Africa","authors":"J. D. Mvunabandi, Bomi Nomala, L. Gadzikwa","doi":"10.32479/irmm.14707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.14707","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by lack of empirical research on how the marketing mix (price, place, product promotion, process, packaging, physical evidence, people, programming and partnership) directly or indirectly enhance the women’s business viability and sustainability in South Africa and elsewhere. This research empirically investigated how marketing mix can be used to enhance women’s business viability among 301 registered business owners trained in marketing and participated in the survey and answered details questions focusing on Limpopo province -South Africa. AIDA theory, diffusion of innovation theory and Marketing Mix Theory underpinned the study. Quantitative descriptive survey research strategy was adopted, Robustness analysis was entirely performed using SPSS version 28. The study’s findings were that women’s businesses in Musina and Blouberg in Limpopo province use the 10Ps. The four most used marketing strategies were, price, place promotion and product. The averagely used marketing strategies were: people, packaging, programming, physical evidence and partnership. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge and further contributes to the use of 10Ps marketing mix strategies and framework by women’s businesses. The study’s main implication is that business entities may not achieve their full financial performance potential due to little or no attention to the use of 10Ps marketing mix components and training. This study provides robust recommendations and insights into marketing practices applicable to other business entities globally.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":"30 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139528674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to determine the factors contributing to online or in-store shopping behaviour among academics from a private higher education institution in South Africa. In addition, the study examined types of products or services consumers are likely to purchase in-store and online and particular aspects relating to store atmosphere, as well as the challenges that were experienced using both modes of shopping. The study was conducted at a private higher education institution. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among all the academics in the organisation. The study show that the majority of respondents belonged to generation X and Y and that they are more inclined to purchase from both in-store and online stores rather than a singular mode of shopping. However, there is an element of fear, anxiety and uncertainty that customers face when purchasing online. This is motivated by the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. Factors that influence the overall purchasing decision for both online and in-store shopping include accessibility, convenience, delivery service, store aesthetics (atmosphere and ambience) and the availability of an assistant. Recommendations for retail marketing managers include the fact that they should consider a hybrid model of both in-store and online shopping. Moreover, invest in enhancing the store image of both physical stores as well as virtual online stores as the subtle atmospheric cues trigger impulse purchasing.
{"title":"Factors Contributing to Online or In-store Shopping among Academics from a Private Higher Education Institution in South Africa","authors":"Marlini Moodley, Sershan Naidoo","doi":"10.32479/irmm.14732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.14732","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the factors contributing to online or in-store shopping behaviour among academics from a private higher education institution in South Africa. In addition, the study examined types of products or services consumers are likely to purchase in-store and online and particular aspects relating to store atmosphere, as well as the challenges that were experienced using both modes of shopping. The study was conducted at a private higher education institution. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among all the academics in the organisation. The study show that the majority of respondents belonged to generation X and Y and that they are more inclined to purchase from both in-store and online stores rather than a singular mode of shopping. However, there is an element of fear, anxiety and uncertainty that customers face when purchasing online. This is motivated by the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. Factors that influence the overall purchasing decision for both online and in-store shopping include accessibility, convenience, delivery service, store aesthetics (atmosphere and ambience) and the availability of an assistant. Recommendations for retail marketing managers include the fact that they should consider a hybrid model of both in-store and online shopping. Moreover, invest in enhancing the store image of both physical stores as well as virtual online stores as the subtle atmospheric cues trigger impulse purchasing.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":"5 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean Damascene Mvunabandi, Bomi Nomala, Ferina Marimuthu
This article investigated how labour market assessment intervention through employability training can be used as a catalyst to improve employment pathways among adolescent girls and young women (AGYWs) in South Africa. This study adopted quantitative and descriptive research approaches via longitudinal data collection. Secondary data was collected from 3584 AGYWs using a questionnaire survey during employability training from July-October 2021. Robustness analysis was performed using descriptive statistics using SPSS version 27.0. The empirical findings proved that employability training significantly improved the capabilities of adolescent girls and young women on labour market assessments. Relying on these empirical findings, this study proposes a framework for linking AGYWs and the labour market through an employability training capability-based conceptualised model. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge and further contributes to the career development and employability among adolescent girls and young women required to cope with the labour markets in South Africa.
{"title":"Can a Labour Market Assessment be used to Help Adolescent Girls and Young Women Improve their Employment Prospects in South Africa?","authors":"Jean Damascene Mvunabandi, Bomi Nomala, Ferina Marimuthu","doi":"10.32479/irmm.14708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.14708","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigated how labour market assessment intervention through employability training can be used as a catalyst to improve employment pathways among adolescent girls and young women (AGYWs) in South Africa. This study adopted quantitative and descriptive research approaches via longitudinal data collection. Secondary data was collected from 3584 AGYWs using a questionnaire survey during employability training from July-October 2021. Robustness analysis was performed using descriptive statistics using SPSS version 27.0. The empirical findings proved that employability training significantly improved the capabilities of adolescent girls and young women on labour market assessments. Relying on these empirical findings, this study proposes a framework for linking AGYWs and the labour market through an employability training capability-based conceptualised model. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge and further contributes to the career development and employability among adolescent girls and young women required to cope with the labour markets in South Africa.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":"6 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study seeks to measure customers' expectations of service quality provided by managers and frontline employees against their perceptions of service quality in Post offices in the North-West Province of South Africa and to determine the gap between customers ‘expectations and their perceptions of service quality using the five service quality dimensions. Data were collected by SERVQUAL questionnaire to examine the areas of tangibility, reliability and responsiveness, assurance, and empathy from 384 post office customers. To select respondents for this study, non-probability sampling techniques were used, mostly convenient approaches. Using factor analysis, five characteristics of service quality were identified: tangibility, reliability and responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. According to the study's findings, A negative gap was observed in consumer expectations and perceptions of the quality of postal services delivered to consumers. This means that the quality of services delivered to postal consumers in the five-post offices was less than what they expected. The highest gap was related to tangibles and assurance. Therefore, it is mandatory for management to focus on tangibles and assurance in order to improve postal services. The study argues that managers should strive to improve the frontline employee’s willingness to help, respond quickly to queries, competence in providing efficient services, making customers feel secure when receiving services, schedule appointments on time, having customers' best interests at heart, and be of good behaviour. These qualities instils confidence in customers. These qualities that need to be renewed are categories under the post office's reliability, tangibility, responsiveness, and assurance characteristics.
{"title":"Evaluation of Customers’ Expectations and Perceptions of Service Quality Dimensions: A Study of South African Post Office in the North-West Province","authors":"Elsie Mbua Eposi","doi":"10.32479/irmm.14876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.14876","url":null,"abstract":"The study seeks to measure customers' expectations of service quality provided by managers and frontline employees against their perceptions of service quality in Post offices in the North-West Province of South Africa and to determine the gap between customers ‘expectations and their perceptions of service quality using the five service quality dimensions. Data were collected by SERVQUAL questionnaire to examine the areas of tangibility, reliability and responsiveness, assurance, and empathy from 384 post office customers. To select respondents for this study, non-probability sampling techniques were used, mostly convenient approaches. Using factor analysis, five characteristics of service quality were identified: tangibility, reliability and responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. According to the study's findings, A negative gap was observed in consumer expectations and perceptions of the quality of postal services delivered to consumers. This means that the quality of services delivered to postal consumers in the five-post offices was less than what they expected. The highest gap was related to tangibles and assurance. Therefore, it is mandatory for management to focus on tangibles and assurance in order to improve postal services. The study argues that managers should strive to improve the frontline employee’s willingness to help, respond quickly to queries, competence in providing efficient services, making customers feel secure when receiving services, schedule appointments on time, having customers' best interests at heart, and be of good behaviour. These qualities instils confidence in customers. These qualities that need to be renewed are categories under the post office's reliability, tangibility, responsiveness, and assurance characteristics.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":"5 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
South Africa at 6th September, 2021 recorded 2,824,063 cases of people with corona virus and 83,617 deaths resulting from COVID 19. It made over 1700 arrest to enforce strict compliance to the lockdown imposed on the country when the case started and has increased stimulus packages for companies and individuals to cushion the effect of lockdown on the economy. It has also increased the capacity for testing and has since eased the lockdown initially imposed on the country. Away from few cases of African countries such as Botswana and Tanzania, South Africa has adopted a methodology for managing COVID 19 pandemic that seems to be a direct adaptation from the advanced countries of the United States, France and the United Kingdom. This study using qualitative and participant observation methods investigates the process of managing the pandemic in South Africa, the extent to that has helped to flatten the curve of the spread and the impact it has on the people and the economy of South Africa generally. It probes further to query if there are homegrown alternatives that may be best suited to containing and managing situations of this nature going forward.
{"title":"South Africa and Covid-19 Pandemic: Unpacking the Strategies of Management and Control","authors":"Abdul-Wasi Babatunde Moshood, Anuoluwapo Durokifa","doi":"10.32479/irmm.15242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.15242","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa at 6th September, 2021 recorded 2,824,063 cases of people with corona virus and 83,617 deaths resulting from COVID 19. It made over 1700 arrest to enforce strict compliance to the lockdown imposed on the country when the case started and has increased stimulus packages for companies and individuals to cushion the effect of lockdown on the economy. It has also increased the capacity for testing and has since eased the lockdown initially imposed on the country. Away from few cases of African countries such as Botswana and Tanzania, South Africa has adopted a methodology for managing COVID 19 pandemic that seems to be a direct adaptation from the advanced countries of the United States, France and the United Kingdom. This study using qualitative and participant observation methods investigates the process of managing the pandemic in South Africa, the extent to that has helped to flatten the curve of the spread and the impact it has on the people and the economy of South Africa generally. It probes further to query if there are homegrown alternatives that may be best suited to containing and managing situations of this nature going forward.","PeriodicalId":30298,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139281426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. K. S. Arsa, I. M. Mertanadi, Ni Made Ary Widiastini, Made Aristia Prayudi
Bali, as one of the renowned tourist destinations recognized globally, has led to the growth of various businesses, both those that support the development of tourism directly and through market chains. This qualitative descriptive research, which uses participatory observation and in-depth interviews, is conducted with the aim to understand, comprehend, and describe the implementation of the Tri Hita Karana principle in the pawongan aspect through one of Bali's local wisdoms, namely pang pada payu. A variety of business opportunities have grown and developed along with the rise of tourism in Bali. Apart from tourism, the high domestic sector needs to support cultural preservation have also experienced significant growth, regardless of the economic conditions. Balinese culture, as a tourism icon, in its implementation not only provides economic benefits for those in the tourism sector but also offers opportunities for businesses that play a role in meeting domestic needs. Various businesses that have grown in Bali not only give birth to competition but also present various forms of cooperation, known as pang pada payu. Pang pada payu is one of the local wisdoms possessed by the Balinese community that in its implementation resembles a market chain and is used as a guideline for conducting business.
巴厘岛作为全球公认的著名旅游胜地之一，带动了各种企业的发展，既有直接支持旅游业发展的企业，也有通过市场链发展的企业。这项定性描述性研究采用参与式观察和深入访谈的方法，旨在通过巴厘岛当地智慧之一--"pang pada payu"--了解、理解和描述 "Tri Hita Karana "原则在 "pawongan "方面的实施情况。随着巴厘岛旅游业的兴起，各种商机也随之增长和发展。除旅游业外，无论经济状况如何，国内对文化保护的需求也在大幅增长。巴厘岛文化作为一个旅游标志，在其实施过程中不仅为旅游业者带来了经济效益，也为那些在满足国内需求方面发挥作用的企业提供了机会。在巴厘岛发展起来的各种企业不仅带来了竞争，也呈现出各种形式的合作，即所谓的 "pang pada payu"。Pang pada payu 是巴厘岛社区拥有的地方智慧之一，其实施方式类似于市场链，被用作开展业务的指导方针。
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