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Potential risk of heavy metals release in sediments and soils of the Yellow River Basin (Henan section): A perspective on bioavailability and bioaccessibility
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117799
Peng Wang , Furong Yu , Haonan Lv , Lin Wu , Hui Zhou
The ecology of watersheds plays an important role in regulating regional climate and human activities. The sediment-soil system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin (Henan section) was explored. The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) showed that tributaries, which are affected by anthropogenic activities, contain higher concentrations of HMs than the main channel. Sequential extraction experiments indicated that Cd had the strongest potential to be released, followed by Mn. In vitro simulation experiments showed that gastric and pulmonary fluids rendered these two orders of magnitude more bioaccessible compared to sweat. Moreover, Cd exhibited the highest bioaccessibility in both gastric and lung fluids. When bioaccessibility was considered in the evaluation of health risks, more than 82 % of reductions in non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indices were observed in children and adults. A positive matrix factorization model was utilized to determine the potential sources of HMs: industrial sources, natural sources, and mixed agricultural and transportation sources were identified as the three main sources of HMs in sediments and soils. In addition, mining activities were also an HMs source in sediments.
{"title":"Potential risk of heavy metals release in sediments and soils of the Yellow River Basin (Henan section): A perspective on bioavailability and bioaccessibility","authors":"Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Furong Yu ,&nbsp;Haonan Lv ,&nbsp;Lin Wu ,&nbsp;Hui Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ecology of watersheds plays an important role in regulating regional climate and human activities. The sediment-soil system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin (Henan section) was explored. The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) showed that tributaries, which are affected by anthropogenic activities, contain higher concentrations of HMs than the main channel. Sequential extraction experiments indicated that Cd had the strongest potential to be released, followed by Mn. In vitro simulation experiments showed that gastric and pulmonary fluids rendered these two orders of magnitude more bioaccessible compared to sweat. Moreover, Cd exhibited the highest bioaccessibility in both gastric and lung fluids. When bioaccessibility was considered in the evaluation of health risks, more than 82 % of reductions in non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indices were observed in children and adults. A positive matrix factorization model was utilized to determine the potential sources of HMs: industrial sources, natural sources, and mixed agricultural and transportation sources were identified as the three main sources of HMs in sediments and soils. In addition, mining activities were also an HMs source in sediments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117799"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection and collection of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli using foam concentration without membrane filtration
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117797
Soichiro Tamai, Makoto Katafuchi, Xie Hui, Yoshihiro Suzuki
Information on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in river water is scarce, and it is essential to understand its actual status in river water. This study investigated a method for the highly efficient recovery of STEC from river water in its active state by combining a coagulation and foam concentration and a selective medium. The method was applied to three rivers, and STEC-positive Escherichia coli (E. coli) were obtained from all rivers. Ten E. coli harboring one of the pathogenic genes (stx2, eae) were detected in the Oyodo River’s upstream and midstream and the Kaeda River’s midstream. Furthermore, antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing was performed on these ten strains using ten antimicrobial agents. Nine strains showed intermediate resistance to at least one antibiotic, and one was multidrug-resistant. This study’s coagulation and foam concentration and selective medium detection methods can efficiently collect STEC in river water and recover it in an active state without conventional membrane filtration. Isolating and cultivating this STEC strain will provide crucial information for antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing, target gene testing, and whole-genome analysis.
{"title":"Detection and collection of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli using foam concentration without membrane filtration","authors":"Soichiro Tamai,&nbsp;Makoto Katafuchi,&nbsp;Xie Hui,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Information on Shiga toxin-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> (STEC) in river water is scarce, and it is essential to understand its actual status in river water. This study investigated a method for the highly efficient recovery of STEC from river water in its active state by combining a coagulation and foam concentration and a selective medium. The method was applied to three rivers, and STEC-positive <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) were obtained from all rivers. Ten <em>E. coli</em> harboring one of the pathogenic genes (<em>stx2</em>, <em>eae</em>) were detected in the Oyodo River’s upstream and midstream and the Kaeda River’s midstream. Furthermore, antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing was performed on these ten strains using ten antimicrobial agents. Nine strains showed intermediate resistance to at least one antibiotic, and one was multidrug-resistant. This study’s coagulation and foam concentration and selective medium detection methods can efficiently collect STEC in river water and recover it in an active state without conventional membrane filtration. Isolating and cultivating this STEC strain will provide crucial information for antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing, target gene testing, and whole-genome analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117797"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biodegradation of CAHs and BTEX in groundwater at a multi-polluted pesticide site undergoing natural attenuation: Insights from identifying key bioindicators using machine learning methods based on microbiome data
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117609
Feiyang Xia, Tingting Fan, Mengjie Wang, Lu Yang, Da Ding, Jing Wei, Yan Zhou, Dengdeng Jiang, Shaopo Deng
Groundwater pollution, particularly in retired pesticide sites, is a significant environmental concern due to the presence of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). These contaminants pose serious risks to ecosystems and human health. Natural attenuation (NA) has emerged as a sustainable solution, with microorganisms playing a crucial role in pollutant biodegradation. However, the interpretation of the diverse microbial communities in relation to complex pollutants is still challenging, and there is limited research in multi-polluted groundwater. Advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms help identify key microbial indicators for different pollution types (CAHs, BTEX plumes, and mixed plumes). The accuracy and Area Under the Curve (AUC) achieved by Support Vector Machines (SVM) were impressive, with values of 0.87 and 0.99, respectively. With the assistance of model explanation methods, we identified key bioindicators for different pollution types which were then analyzed using co-occurrence network analysis to better understand their potential roles in pollution degradation. The identified key genera indicate that oxidation and co-metabolism predominantly drive dechlorination processes within the CAHs group. In the BTEX group, the primary mechanism for BTEX degradation was observed to be anaerobic degradation under sulfate-reducing conditions. However, in the CAHs&BTEX groups, the indicative genera suggested that BTEX degradation occurred under iron-reducing conditions and reductive dechlorination existed. Overall, this study establishes a framework for harnessing the power of ML alongside co-occurrence network analysis based on microbiome data to enhance understanding and provide a robust assessment of the natural attenuation degradation process at multi-polluted sites.
{"title":"Biodegradation of CAHs and BTEX in groundwater at a multi-polluted pesticide site undergoing natural attenuation: Insights from identifying key bioindicators using machine learning methods based on microbiome data","authors":"Feiyang Xia,&nbsp;Tingting Fan,&nbsp;Mengjie Wang,&nbsp;Lu Yang,&nbsp;Da Ding,&nbsp;Jing Wei,&nbsp;Yan Zhou,&nbsp;Dengdeng Jiang,&nbsp;Shaopo Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater pollution, particularly in retired pesticide sites, is a significant environmental concern due to the presence of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). These contaminants pose serious risks to ecosystems and human health. Natural attenuation (NA) has emerged as a sustainable solution, with microorganisms playing a crucial role in pollutant biodegradation. However, the interpretation of the diverse microbial communities in relation to complex pollutants is still challenging, and there is limited research in multi-polluted groundwater. Advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms help identify key microbial indicators for different pollution types (CAHs, BTEX plumes, and mixed plumes). The accuracy and Area Under the Curve (AUC) achieved by Support Vector Machines (SVM) were impressive, with values of 0.87 and 0.99, respectively. With the assistance of model explanation methods, we identified key bioindicators for different pollution types which were then analyzed using co-occurrence network analysis to better understand their potential roles in pollution degradation. The identified key genera indicate that oxidation and co-metabolism predominantly drive dechlorination processes within the CAHs group. In the BTEX group, the primary mechanism for BTEX degradation was observed to be anaerobic degradation under sulfate-reducing conditions. However, in the CAHs&amp;BTEX groups, the indicative genera suggested that BTEX degradation occurred under iron-reducing conditions and reductive dechlorination existed. Overall, this study establishes a framework for harnessing the power of ML alongside co-occurrence network analysis based on microbiome data to enhance understanding and provide a robust assessment of the natural attenuation degradation process at multi-polluted sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117609"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Uptake kinetics and distribution of flupyrimin by rice (Oryza sativa L.): Effects of subcellular fractionation and soil factors
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117810
Xugen Shi , Min Wang , Zhenyu Jiang , Ruqiang Cui , Baotong Li , Xianpeng Zhang , Lianhu Zhang , Duantao Cao
Flupyrimin is an emerging neonicotinoid insecticide primarily used to control rice planthoppers. However, knowledge gaps exist regarding its uptake and transport in rice planting systems. Elucidating the absorption and distribution properties of flupyrimin in rice will help assess the potential risks of human exposure to flupyrimin via the food chain. Here, we studied the uptake kinetics and transport mechanisms of flupyrimin in rice plants grown under hydroponic and soil conditions. The hydroponic experiment indicated that flupyrimin was easily taken up by rice roots via a symplastic passive diffusion process and was mainly distributed in the cell soluble fractions (50.6 %-88.0 %). Compared with transportation from the roots to the stems, flupyrimin was ultimately transported from the stems to the leaves with a greater translocation factor (TF) (TFLeave/Stem = 27.8 > TFStem/Root = 3.1). In rice-soil systems, the accumulation of flupyrimin by rice plants is influenced primarily by the soil organic matter content, which leads to increased adsorption of flupyrimin onto soils (R2 > 0.897, P < 0.014). Interestingly, the concentration of flupyrimin in rice was significantly positively correlated with its amount in the soil pore water (CIPW) (R2 > 0.967, P < 0.003), indicating that the uptake and accumulation of flupyrimin in rice planting systems can be estimated by CIPW. These findings enhance our knowledge of flupyrimin absorption and distribution in rice plants from treated soils and are important for guiding its field application and conducting environmental risk assessments.
{"title":"Uptake kinetics and distribution of flupyrimin by rice (Oryza sativa L.): Effects of subcellular fractionation and soil factors","authors":"Xugen Shi ,&nbsp;Min Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Ruqiang Cui ,&nbsp;Baotong Li ,&nbsp;Xianpeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Lianhu Zhang ,&nbsp;Duantao Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flupyrimin is an emerging neonicotinoid insecticide primarily used to control rice planthoppers. However, knowledge gaps exist regarding its uptake and transport in rice planting systems. Elucidating the absorption and distribution properties of flupyrimin in rice will help assess the potential risks of human exposure to flupyrimin via the food chain. Here, we studied the uptake kinetics and transport mechanisms of flupyrimin in rice plants grown under hydroponic and soil conditions. The hydroponic experiment indicated that flupyrimin was easily taken up by rice roots via a symplastic passive diffusion process and was mainly distributed in the cell soluble fractions (50.6 %-88.0 %). Compared with transportation from the roots to the stems, flupyrimin was ultimately transported from the stems to the leaves with a greater translocation factor (TF) (TF<sub>Leave/Stem</sub> = 27.8 &gt; TF<sub>Stem/Root</sub> = 3.1). In rice-soil systems, the accumulation of flupyrimin by rice plants is influenced primarily by the soil organic matter content, which leads to increased adsorption of flupyrimin onto soils (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.897, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.014). Interestingly, the concentration of flupyrimin in rice was significantly positively correlated with its amount in the soil pore water (C<sub>IPW</sub>) (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.967, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.003), indicating that the uptake and accumulation of flupyrimin in rice planting systems can be estimated by C<sub>IPW</sub>. These findings enhance our knowledge of flupyrimin absorption and distribution in rice plants from treated soils and are important for guiding its field application and conducting environmental risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117810"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lead toxicity in Nicotiana tabacum L.: Damage antioxidant system and disturb plant metabolism
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117837
Tengfei Liu , Kai Zhang , Chunlan Ming , Jiashu Tian , Huanyu Teng , Zicheng Xu , Jiewang He , Fengfeng Liu , Yinghui Zhou , Jiayang Xu , Mohamed G. Moussa , Shenghua Zhang , Wei Jia
In this study, we treated tobacco seedlings with 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg Pb2 +, and explored the response mechanism of tobacco under Pb stress through a combination of growth physiology and metabolomics analysis. The physiological results showed that compared with CK, with the increase of Pb concentration, Pb treatment inhibited tobacco growth, reduced the biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of tobacco seedlings, and severely damaged the chloroplast structure. In addition, compared with CK, the pore conductivity and pore density of Pb800 treatment decreased by 45.77 % and 93.55 %, respectively. Pb treatment disrupted the cell membrane system, and Pb800 treatment increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves and roots by 67.65 % and 31.90 %, respectively. Meanwhile, Pb treatment increased the activity of tobacco SOD and POD enzymes. Metabolomics results showed that Pb stress enhanced tryptophan metabolism, glutathione metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, as well as cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways. These results indicate that increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments and hormones, clearing reactive oxygen species by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and improving amino acid metabolism may play an important role in reducing the toxicity of Pb to tobacco.
{"title":"Lead toxicity in Nicotiana tabacum L.: Damage antioxidant system and disturb plant metabolism","authors":"Tengfei Liu ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunlan Ming ,&nbsp;Jiashu Tian ,&nbsp;Huanyu Teng ,&nbsp;Zicheng Xu ,&nbsp;Jiewang He ,&nbsp;Fengfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Yinghui Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiayang Xu ,&nbsp;Mohamed G. Moussa ,&nbsp;Shenghua Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we treated tobacco seedlings with 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg Pb<sup>2 +</sup>, and explored the response mechanism of tobacco under Pb stress through a combination of growth physiology and metabolomics analysis. The physiological results showed that compared with CK, with the increase of Pb concentration, Pb treatment inhibited tobacco growth, reduced the biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of tobacco seedlings, and severely damaged the chloroplast structure. In addition, compared with CK, the pore conductivity and pore density of Pb800 treatment decreased by 45.77 % and 93.55 %, respectively. Pb treatment disrupted the cell membrane system, and Pb800 treatment increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves and roots by 67.65 % and 31.90 %, respectively. Meanwhile, Pb treatment increased the activity of tobacco SOD and POD enzymes. Metabolomics results showed that Pb stress enhanced tryptophan metabolism, glutathione metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, as well as cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways. These results indicate that increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments and hormones, clearing reactive oxygen species by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and improving amino acid metabolism may play an important role in reducing the toxicity of Pb to tobacco.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117837"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Auxin signaling related to H+-ATPase synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities regulates fluoranthene uptake by ryegrass roots
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117840
Yuanzhou Xu , Yunyun Li , Xinyue Zhang , Zhuoliang Xiao , Jiaguo Jiao , Huijuan Zhang , Huixin Li , Feng Hu , Li Xu
Previous research has shown that fluoranthene (Flu) exhibits dual uptake behavior in ryegrass. At low concentrations (1–10 mg/L), Flu uptake is higher, whereas at higher concentrations (20–40 mg/L), uptake appears to decrease. Furthermore, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content and antioxidant enzyme activity play distinct roles in this process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these behaviors remain unclear. To address this, we exposed ryegrass to different Flu concentrations (0, 5, and 20 mg/L) and conducted a combined transcriptomic and physiological analysis of the root system to elucidate the specific mechanisms of Flu uptake. Our results revealed that under 5 mg/L Flu treatment, ryegrass has a higher bioconcentration factor (BCF). The genes involved in IAA synthesis (TAA1, ALDH, and AAO1/2) were upregulated, which led to an increase in IAA content. Elevated IAA levels, in turn, promoted the expression of genes encoding H+-ATPase (ATP5A1, ATP5B, ATP5H, and ATP6E) and the ABC transporter protein (ABCB1), resulting in enhanced H+-ATPase activity, and facilitated the active transport of Flu. In contrast, the 20 mg/L Flu treatment resulted in a lower BCF. The downregulation of IAA synthesis genes (amiE and YUCCA) decreased IAA content. The downregulation of the H+-ATPase gene (ATP6C) and the ABC transporter protein gene (ABCG2), resulting in decreased H+-ATPase activity and inhibited Flu transport. Moreover, the promoted expression of redox-related genes (POD1, SOD1 and SOD2) further reduced Flu uptake. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying Flu uptake in ryegrass may provide a theoretical foundation for developing strategies to regulate Flu accumulation in plants.
{"title":"Auxin signaling related to H+-ATPase synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities regulates fluoranthene uptake by ryegrass roots","authors":"Yuanzhou Xu ,&nbsp;Yunyun Li ,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhuoliang Xiao ,&nbsp;Jiaguo Jiao ,&nbsp;Huijuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Huixin Li ,&nbsp;Feng Hu ,&nbsp;Li Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has shown that fluoranthene (Flu) exhibits dual uptake behavior in ryegrass. At low concentrations (1–10 mg/L), Flu uptake is higher, whereas at higher concentrations (20–40 mg/L), uptake appears to decrease. Furthermore, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content and antioxidant enzyme activity play distinct roles in this process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these behaviors remain unclear. To address this, we exposed ryegrass to different Flu concentrations (0, 5, and 20 mg/L) and conducted a combined transcriptomic and physiological analysis of the root system to elucidate the specific mechanisms of Flu uptake. Our results revealed that under 5 mg/L Flu treatment, ryegrass has a higher bioconcentration factor (BCF). The genes involved in IAA synthesis (<em>TAA1</em>, <em>ALDH</em>, and <em>AAO1/2</em>) were upregulated, which led to an increase in IAA content. Elevated IAA levels, in turn, promoted the expression of genes encoding H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase (<em>ATP5A1</em>, <em>ATP5B</em>, <em>ATP5H</em>, and <em>ATP6E</em>) and the ABC transporter protein (<em>ABCB1</em>), resulting in enhanced H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase activity, and facilitated the active transport of Flu. In contrast, the 20 mg/L Flu treatment resulted in a lower BCF. The downregulation of IAA synthesis genes (<em>amiE</em> and <em>YUCCA</em>) decreased IAA content. The downregulation of the H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase gene (<em>ATP6C</em>) and the ABC transporter protein gene (<em>ABCG2</em>), resulting in decreased H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase activity and inhibited Flu transport. Moreover, the promoted expression of redox-related genes (<em>POD1</em>, <em>SOD1</em> and <em>SOD2</em>) further reduced Flu uptake. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying Flu uptake in ryegrass may provide a theoretical foundation for developing strategies to regulate Flu accumulation in plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117840"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143278592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of toxicity and mechanisms of busulfan in non-obstructive azoospermia: A genomic and toxicological approach integrating molecular docking, single-cell sequencing, and experimentation in vivo
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117878
Yanggang Hong , Qichao Yuan , Yi Wang , Deqi Wang , Xiaoju Guan , Congde Chen
Environmental pollutants, including chemical contaminants, heavy metals, and pesticides, have been linked to adverse effects on male reproductive health, particularly sperm quality. Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe form of male infertility caused by intrinsic testicular dysfunction, leading to a complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Busulfan, an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia, is known to induce NOA through its toxic effects on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). This study aimed to identify key molecular targets and pathways disrupted by busulfan in the testicular environment. By integrating molecular docking, single-cell RNA sequencing, and in vivo experimentation, the study identified POLE and LRAT as critical proteins. These proteins were shown to interact strongly with busulfan, leading to genomic instability and increased germ cell apoptosis during spermatogenesis. Additionally, the immune landscape of NOA-affected testes revealed significant changes in immune cell infiltration, potentially worsening the condition. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms of busulfan-induced NOA and suggest potential therapeutic targets for preserving male fertility in chemotherapy patients. This research advances the understanding of chemotherapy-induced reproductive toxicity and emphasizes the need for strategies to reduce its negative effects on fertility.
{"title":"Analysis of toxicity and mechanisms of busulfan in non-obstructive azoospermia: A genomic and toxicological approach integrating molecular docking, single-cell sequencing, and experimentation in vivo","authors":"Yanggang Hong ,&nbsp;Qichao Yuan ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Deqi Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoju Guan ,&nbsp;Congde Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental pollutants, including chemical contaminants, heavy metals, and pesticides, have been linked to adverse effects on male reproductive health, particularly sperm quality. Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe form of male infertility caused by intrinsic testicular dysfunction, leading to a complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Busulfan, an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia, is known to induce NOA through its toxic effects on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). This study aimed to identify key molecular targets and pathways disrupted by busulfan in the testicular environment. By integrating molecular docking, single-cell RNA sequencing, and <em>in vivo</em> experimentation, the study identified POLE and LRAT as critical proteins. These proteins were shown to interact strongly with busulfan, leading to genomic instability and increased germ cell apoptosis during spermatogenesis. Additionally, the immune landscape of NOA-affected testes revealed significant changes in immune cell infiltration, potentially worsening the condition. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms of busulfan-induced NOA and suggest potential therapeutic targets for preserving male fertility in chemotherapy patients. This research advances the understanding of chemotherapy-induced reproductive toxicity and emphasizes the need for strategies to reduce its negative effects on fertility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117878"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Copper excess induces autophagy dysfunction and mitochondrial ROS-ferroptosis progression, inhibits cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid in bovine mammary epithelial cells
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117783
Ya Ting Fan , Dong Qiao Peng , Jing Lin Shen , Jun Hao Cui , Xin Yue Yang , Jin Ge Zhang , Yong Cheng Jin
Excessive copper (Cu) has the potential risk to ecosystems and organism health, with its impact on dairy cow mammary glands being not well-defined. This study used a bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) model to explore how copper excess affects cellular oxidative stress, autophagy, ferroptosis, and protein and lipid biosynthesis in milk. Results showed the increased intracellular ROS, MDA, and CAT (P < 0.05), alongside decreased T-SOD and GSH in CuSO4-treated cells (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy and Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B assays revealed significant autophagosome accumulation in CuSO4 exposed cells (P < 0.05). Additionally, CuSO4 exposure modulated autophagy markers, evidenced by upregulation of genes such as LC3, ATG5, JNK1, and Beclin1, and downregulation of genes such as ATG4B, and p62 (P < 0.05). CuSO4 also led to notable mitochondrial changes, including size reduction, membrane rupture, and cristae loss, and reduced expression of the ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4 (P < 0.05). The expression of mTOR, HIF-1α and β-catenin signaling pathway were inhibited in differentiated MAC-T cells by CuSO4 exposure (P < 0.05), activated autophagy through activation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway which in turn affected downstream levels of genes related to milk protein and lipid. In conclusion, excessive copper induces oxidative stress in MAC-T cells, promoting autophagy through JNK-Bcl2, Beclin1-Vps34 and AMPK-mTOR pathways, leading to cell ferroptosis, as well as inhibits the cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid.
{"title":"Copper excess induces autophagy dysfunction and mitochondrial ROS-ferroptosis progression, inhibits cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid in bovine mammary epithelial cells","authors":"Ya Ting Fan ,&nbsp;Dong Qiao Peng ,&nbsp;Jing Lin Shen ,&nbsp;Jun Hao Cui ,&nbsp;Xin Yue Yang ,&nbsp;Jin Ge Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Cheng Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive copper (Cu) has the potential risk to ecosystems and organism health, with its impact on dairy cow mammary glands being not well-defined. This study used a bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) model to explore how copper excess affects cellular oxidative stress, autophagy, ferroptosis, and protein and lipid biosynthesis in milk. Results showed the increased intracellular ROS, MDA, and CAT (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), alongside decreased T-SOD and GSH in CuSO<sub>4</sub>-treated cells (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy and Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B assays revealed significant autophagosome accumulation in CuSO<sub>4</sub> exposed cells (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, CuSO<sub>4</sub> exposure modulated autophagy markers, evidenced by upregulation of genes such as LC3, ATG5, JNK1, and Beclin1, and downregulation of genes such as ATG4B, and p62 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). CuSO<sub>4</sub> also led to notable mitochondrial changes, including size reduction, membrane rupture, and cristae loss, and reduced expression of the ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The expression of mTOR, HIF-1α and β-catenin signaling pathway were inhibited in differentiated MAC-T cells by CuSO<sub>4</sub> exposure (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), activated autophagy through activation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway which in turn affected downstream levels of genes related to milk protein and lipid. In conclusion, excessive copper induces oxidative stress in MAC-T cells, promoting autophagy through JNK-Bcl2, Beclin1-Vps34 and AMPK-mTOR pathways, leading to cell ferroptosis, as well as inhibits the cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117783"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing human toxicity and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran based on the USEtox model
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117785
Mohammad Paeezi , Reza Gholamnia , Amin Bagheri , Peter Fantke , Sina Dobaradaran , Farshid Soleimani , Mahdi Gholizadeh , Reza Saeedi
The human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran in 2022 were estimated. The impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran by pesticide, crop, and province were assessed based on the USEtox model in terms of disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for human health and potentially disappeared fraction of freshwater ecosystem species (PDF) for ecotoxicity. The annual mass of agricultural pesticide use in Iran in 2022 was 17,188 tons, consisting of herbicides (46.2 %), insecticides (30.0 %), and fungicides (23.8 %). The DALYs and DALY rate (per 100,000 people) of agricultural pesticide use in Iran were determined to be 25,140 and 29.4, respectively. The ecotoxicity impact of agricultural pesticide use in Iran was calculated to be 3.35 × 10+12 PDF m3 d. Over 79 % of the human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use were attributed to six pesticides (chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, ethion, phosalone, thiodicarb, and abamectin) and eight crops (pistachio, apple, fig, vegetables, date, orange, wheat and barley, and cotton). While the contributions of the pesticides to the human health and ecotoxicity impact were not the same, chlorpyrifos ranked highest in both human health (28.8 %) and ecotoxicity (49.9 %) impacts. The highest provincial human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use were observed in Tehran (4,201 DALYs) and Fars (3.66 ×10+11 PDF m3 d), respectively. The provincial human health and ecotoxicity impacts were mainly driven by population and cropland area, respectively. Given the considerable human health and ecotoxicity impacts, developing national and provincial action plans for more sustainable use of pesticides in Iran is strongly recommended.
{"title":"Assessing human toxicity and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran based on the USEtox model","authors":"Mohammad Paeezi ,&nbsp;Reza Gholamnia ,&nbsp;Amin Bagheri ,&nbsp;Peter Fantke ,&nbsp;Sina Dobaradaran ,&nbsp;Farshid Soleimani ,&nbsp;Mahdi Gholizadeh ,&nbsp;Reza Saeedi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran in 2022 were estimated. The impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran by pesticide, crop, and province were assessed based on the USEtox model in terms of disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for human health and potentially disappeared fraction of freshwater ecosystem species (PDF) for ecotoxicity. The annual mass of agricultural pesticide use in Iran in 2022 was 17,188 tons, consisting of herbicides (46.2 %), insecticides (30.0 %), and fungicides (23.8 %). The DALYs and DALY rate (per 100,000 people) of agricultural pesticide use in Iran were determined to be 25,140 and 29.4, respectively. The ecotoxicity impact of agricultural pesticide use in Iran was calculated to be 3.35 × 10<sup>+12</sup> PDF m<sup>3</sup> d. Over 79 % of the human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use were attributed to six pesticides (chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, ethion, phosalone, thiodicarb, and abamectin) and eight crops (pistachio, apple, fig, vegetables, date, orange, wheat and barley, and cotton). While the contributions of the pesticides to the human health and ecotoxicity impact were not the same, chlorpyrifos ranked highest in both human health (28.8 %) and ecotoxicity (49.9 %) impacts. The highest provincial human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use were observed in Tehran (4,201 DALYs) and Fars (3.66 ×10<sup>+11</sup> PDF m<sup>3</sup> d), respectively. The provincial human health and ecotoxicity impacts were mainly driven by population and cropland area, respectively. Given the considerable human health and ecotoxicity impacts, developing national and provincial action plans for more sustainable use of pesticides in Iran is strongly recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117785"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microplastic-enhanced chromium toxicity in Scenedesmus obliquus: Synergistic effects on algal growth and biochemical responses
IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117813
Luoxin Li , Jiani Yu , Yonghua Ma , Hui Tan , Fengxia Tan , Yi Chai , Hui Zhang
This study explores the combined toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and chromium (Cr6 +) on the freshwater green algae Scenedesmus obliquus. As emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, MPs have been shown to intensify the toxicity of Cr6+, leading to a more significant impact on algal growth and biochemical responses than either stressor alone. A 30-day experimental simulation revealed that co-exposure to Cr6+ and 5 µm diameter polystyrene MPs resulted in significantly enhanced toxicity compared to individual exposures, characterized by a notable decrease in algal growth, diminished photosynthetic pigments, and protein content, alongside oxidative system damage. 100 nm MPs exhibited a distinct toxicity profile, with more pronounced effects when not combined with Cr6+, suggesting size-dependent interactions with algal cells. Transcriptomic analysis illuminated the complex regulatory mechanisms, indicating that toxicity primarily modulates metabolic pathways essential for photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and ribosome function in Scenedesmus obliquus. This study not only delineates the distinct toxicity effects of single and combined exposure systems but also emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the role of MPs in environmental pollution and their potential to modulate the toxicity of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems.
{"title":"Microplastic-enhanced chromium toxicity in Scenedesmus obliquus: Synergistic effects on algal growth and biochemical responses","authors":"Luoxin Li ,&nbsp;Jiani Yu ,&nbsp;Yonghua Ma ,&nbsp;Hui Tan ,&nbsp;Fengxia Tan ,&nbsp;Yi Chai ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the combined toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and chromium (Cr<sup>6 +</sup>) on the freshwater green algae <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em>. As emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, MPs have been shown to intensify the toxicity of Cr<sup>6+</sup>, leading to a more significant impact on algal growth and biochemical responses than either stressor alone. A 30-day experimental simulation revealed that co-exposure to Cr<sup>6+</sup> and 5 µm diameter polystyrene MPs resulted in significantly enhanced toxicity compared to individual exposures, characterized by a notable decrease in algal growth, diminished photosynthetic pigments, and protein content, alongside oxidative system damage. 100 nm MPs exhibited a distinct toxicity profile, with more pronounced effects when not combined with Cr<sup>6+</sup>, suggesting size-dependent interactions with algal cells. Transcriptomic analysis illuminated the complex regulatory mechanisms, indicating that toxicity primarily modulates metabolic pathways essential for photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and ribosome function in <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em>. This study not only delineates the distinct toxicity effects of single and combined exposure systems but also emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the role of MPs in environmental pollution and their potential to modulate the toxicity of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117813"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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