Over the last few years, our research consortium has provided a good deal of novel information on the acanthocephalans of Arkansas fishes (McAllister et al. 2014a, b, 2015, 2016a, b, 2018a, b). Here, we continue to document new host records for acanthocephalans from select fishes of the state. During November 2017 and between March and October 2018, we collected fishes with a backpack electroshocker (DC current) and/or boat electrofisher from 9 sites on their river drainages/basin and 8 counties (Fig. 1). They were placed in aerated habitat water and necropsied within 24 hr. Fish were overdosed with a concentrated solution of tricaine methanesulfonate and measured for total length (TL). A mid–ventral incision from their anus and, anterior to the level of the stomach, was made to expose the gastrointestinal tract and other internal viscera (including gallbladder, gonads, and liver) which was removed and placed in a Petri dish containing 0.9% w/v saline. A stereomicroscope was
{"title":"More Host Records for Acanthocephalan Parasites from Arkansas Fishes (Aphredoderidae, Catostomidae, Centrarchidae, Cyprinidae, Esocidae, Percidae)","authors":"C. T. McAllister, H. Robison","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7325","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few years, our research consortium has provided a good deal of novel information on the acanthocephalans of Arkansas fishes (McAllister et al. 2014a, b, 2015, 2016a, b, 2018a, b). Here, we continue to document new host records for acanthocephalans from select fishes of the state. During November 2017 and between March and October 2018, we collected fishes with a backpack electroshocker (DC current) and/or boat electrofisher from 9 sites on their river drainages/basin and 8 counties (Fig. 1). They were placed in aerated habitat water and necropsied within 24 hr. Fish were overdosed with a concentrated solution of tricaine methanesulfonate and measured for total length (TL). A mid–ventral incision from their anus and, anterior to the level of the stomach, was made to expose the gastrointestinal tract and other internal viscera (including gallbladder, gonads, and liver) which was removed and placed in a Petri dish containing 0.9% w/v saline. A stereomicroscope was","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43158395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Freshwater Drum, Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, 1819 are endemic to freshwater environs of the Americas, and their distributional range extends as far north as the Hudson Bay of Canada and reaches as far south as the Usumacinta River Basin of Guatemala (Fremling 1980). In the United States, eastward distribution includes the southern Great Lakes, eastern Appalachians and the entire Mississippi basin westward as far as Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas (Page and Burr 2011). This fish appears to have the greatest latitudinal range of any freshwater fish in North America. It feeds mostly on small crustaceans, clams, snails, insect larvae (especially chironomids) and small fish (Miller and Robison 2004). In Oklahoma, A. grunniens occurs throughout the state, mainly in the larger lakes and rivers but uncommon to absent in the northwest (Miller and Robison 2004). Freshwater Drum have been reported to harbor over 66 taxa of parasites, including protistans, aspidogastreans, monogeneans, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, leeches, molluscs, and crustaceans (Hoffman 1999). One of these parasites, an aspidogastrean, Cotylogaster occidentalis Nickerson, 1902, was originally described from A. grunniens in the Minnesota River, Minnesota (Nickerson 1902). To our knowledge, C. occidentalis has also been reported from A. grunniens from Iowa, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Lake Erie, Canada (Simer 1929; Bangham and Venard 1942; Sogandares-Bernal 1955; Dechtiar 1972; Stromberg 1970; Hoffman 1999), and from freshwater mussels from Iowa (Kelley 1927), Michigan (Fredericksen 1972), North Dakota and Manitoba, Canada (Carney 2015). In addition, a report by Huehner and Etges (1972) describing Cotylogasteriodes barrowi from freshwater mussels (Lampsilis spp.) from Ohio was found to represent an immature stage of C. occidentalis by Fredricksen (1972). The life cycle of C. occidentalis normally takes place in snails but can also involve fishes, including experimental infections of A. grunniens (Dickerman 1948). Nothing is known about C. occidentalis in Oklahoma. Here we present data on specimens of C. occidentalis obtained from 1 individual A. grunniens from the state, including new information on the parasite from scanning electron microscopy.
淡水鼓，Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, 1819是美洲淡水环境的特有种，它们的分布范围北至加拿大哈德逊湾，南至危地马拉的Usumacinta河流域(Fremling 1980)。在美国，向东分布包括五大湖南部、阿巴拉契亚山脉东部和整个密西西比河盆地，向西延伸至堪萨斯州、俄克拉荷马州和德克萨斯州(Page and Burr 2011)。这种鱼似乎在北美的任何淡水鱼中具有最大的纬度范围。它主要以小型甲壳类动物、蛤蜊、蜗牛、昆虫幼虫(尤其是摇尾虫)和小鱼为食(Miller and Robison 2004)。在俄克拉何马州，a.g ronniens遍布全州，主要分布在较大的湖泊和河流中，但在西北部不常见或不存在(Miller and Robison 2004)。据报道，淡水鼓中有66种以上的寄生虫，包括原生动物、吸血动物、单系动物、吸虫、绦虫、线虫、棘头动物、水蛭、软体动物和甲壳类动物(Hoffman 1999)。其中一种寄生虫，一种螺旋胃虫，Cotylogaster occidentalis Nickerson, 1902，最初是在明尼苏达州明尼苏达河的A. grunniens中被描述的(Nickerson 1902)。据我们所知，在爱荷华州、路易斯安那州、密西西比州、田纳西州和加拿大伊利湖也有报道过西方棘球菌(Simer 1929;Bangham and Venard, 1942;Sogandares-Bernal 1955;Dechtiar 1972;Stromberg 1970;Hoffman 1999)，以及来自爱荷华州(Kelley 1927)、密歇根州(Fredericksen 1972)、北达科他州和加拿大马尼托巴省的淡水贻贝(Carney 2015)。此外，Huehner和Etges(1972)的一份报告描述了来自俄亥俄州淡水贻贝(Lampsilis spp.)的barrowi子叶虫，发现Fredricksen(1972)的报告代表了c.o cidentalis的未成熟阶段。西方弧菌的生命周期通常发生在蜗牛体内，但也可能涉及鱼类，包括实验性感染格伦氏弧菌(Dickerman 1948)。人们对俄克拉何马州的西方锥虫一无所知。在这里，我们提供了从该州1个格伦尼伊蚊个体获得的西蠓标本的数据，包括扫描电子显微镜下的寄生虫新信息。
{"title":"Cotylogaster occidentalis (Aspidogastrea: Aspidogastridae) from Freshwater Drum, Aplodinotus grunniens (Actinopterygii: Sciaenidae), in Northeastern Oklahoma","authors":"C. T. McAllister, A. Choudhury","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7320","url":null,"abstract":"Freshwater Drum, Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, 1819 are endemic to freshwater environs of the Americas, and their distributional range extends as far north as the Hudson Bay of Canada and reaches as far south as the Usumacinta River Basin of Guatemala (Fremling 1980). In the United States, eastward distribution includes the southern Great Lakes, eastern Appalachians and the entire Mississippi basin westward as far as Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas (Page and Burr 2011). This fish appears to have the greatest latitudinal range of any freshwater fish in North America. It feeds mostly on small crustaceans, clams, snails, insect larvae (especially chironomids) and small fish (Miller and Robison 2004). In Oklahoma, A. grunniens occurs throughout the state, mainly in the larger lakes and rivers but uncommon to absent in the northwest (Miller and Robison 2004). Freshwater Drum have been reported to harbor over 66 taxa of parasites, including protistans, aspidogastreans, monogeneans, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, leeches, molluscs, and crustaceans (Hoffman 1999). One of these parasites, an aspidogastrean, Cotylogaster occidentalis Nickerson, 1902, was originally described from A. grunniens in the Minnesota River, Minnesota (Nickerson 1902). To our knowledge, C. occidentalis has also been reported from A. grunniens from Iowa, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Lake Erie, Canada (Simer 1929; Bangham and Venard 1942; Sogandares-Bernal 1955; Dechtiar 1972; Stromberg 1970; Hoffman 1999), and from freshwater mussels from Iowa (Kelley 1927), Michigan (Fredericksen 1972), North Dakota and Manitoba, Canada (Carney 2015). In addition, a report by Huehner and Etges (1972) describing Cotylogasteriodes barrowi from freshwater mussels (Lampsilis spp.) from Ohio was found to represent an immature stage of C. occidentalis by Fredricksen (1972). The life cycle of C. occidentalis normally takes place in snails but can also involve fishes, including experimental infections of A. grunniens (Dickerman 1948). Nothing is known about C. occidentalis in Oklahoma. Here we present data on specimens of C. occidentalis obtained from 1 individual A. grunniens from the state, including new information on the parasite from scanning electron microscopy.","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48003596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata) have one of the widest distributions of mustelids in the western hemisphere and were distributed across a majority of the American continents ranging from Canada through the contiguous United States, Mexico, and into northern South America. However, on a local scale they are considered uncommon and rare. We assessed the distribution of long-tailed weasels across Arkansas to determine occupancy in each ecoregion of Arkansas, and determined the detectability on two local, adjacent sites. No long-tailed weasels were detected within the ecoregions, but the species was detected with intensive sampling on one local site. It should be emphasized that although the species was not detected within the ecoregions, this does not indicate it does not occur broadly across the state.
{"title":"Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata) Distribution Survey in Arkansas: Challenges in Detecting a Rare Species","authors":"S. Johnston, D. Sasse, R. Kissell","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7324","url":null,"abstract":"Long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata) have one of the widest distributions of mustelids in the western hemisphere and were distributed across a majority of the American continents ranging from Canada through the contiguous United States, Mexico, and into northern South America. However, on a local scale they are considered uncommon and rare. We assessed the distribution of long-tailed weasels across Arkansas to determine occupancy in each ecoregion of Arkansas, and determined the detectability on two local, adjacent sites. No long-tailed weasels were detected within the ecoregions, but the species was detected with intensive sampling on one local site. It should be emphasized that although the species was not detected within the ecoregions, this does not indicate it does not occur broadly across the state.","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45865753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cadmium Sulfide-buffered PV Systems: Assessing the Environmental, Health, and Economic Impacts","authors":"M. Mughal, Rajesh Sharma","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7323","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48526156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As an obligate crayfish burrow dweller, crawfish frogs have historically occupied a relatively narrow ecological niche throughout their distribution in the tall grass prairies and grasslands of the central and southcentral United States (Redmer 2000; Powell et al. 2016; Lannoo et al. 2018). Habitat loss and shifting climate patterns pose as major threats to the continued existence of this species (Lannoo and Stiles 2017). In Arkansas, the Northern Crawfish Frog, Lithobates areolatus circulosus, occurs in only 19 of its 75 counties (Trauth et al. 2004; Trauth and Holt 2017). Because of their secretive nature, late winter-early spring breeding season, and current protected status by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, this species remains a rarity in most museum collections in the state (Trauth et al. 2004). Moreover, only anecdotal information exits regarding any aspect of their natural history in Arkansas (Trauth et al. 1990). In the present study, we chose to conduct a phalangeal skeletochronological investigation of the Northern Crawfish Frog utilizing museum specimens (n = 10) deposited in the herpetological collection (ASUMZ 13900, 14150, 31084-86, 33746-49, 33611) housed in the Arkansas Center for Biodiversity Collections located at Arkansas State University. Four frogs included in this sample were recently collected by SET while road cruising on Turkey Pond Loop (35.2147195N, 92.7567921W) in Conway County on the 20 and 27 February, 2018. Our goals were to estimate the age of individuals within this small Arkansas frog sample by counting annular lines of arrested growth (LAGs) and compare these results with the age estimates found for this frog by Redmer (2000), who utilized the same histological technique on a crawfish frog population in southern Illinois. The distal phalanx (Fig. 1) of the 4 toe of the left hind foot from each frog was removed and placed into either 70% ethanol (historic specimens) or 10% neutral buffered formalin for fresh toes. Then, we treated all toes with a decalcifying solution (1% hydrochloric acid) Figure 1. Photomicrograph of a transverse section through the distal phalanx of Lithobates areolatus circulosus (ASUMZ 33748) revealing phalangeal bone (Pb). Sm = striated muscle.
{"title":"Age Estimation using Phalangeal Skeletochronology in Northern Crawfish Frogs, Lithobates areolatus circulosus (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae), from Arkansas","authors":"S. Trauth, C. Thigpen","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7302","url":null,"abstract":"As an obligate crayfish burrow dweller, crawfish frogs have historically occupied a relatively narrow ecological niche throughout their distribution in the tall grass prairies and grasslands of the central and southcentral United States (Redmer 2000; Powell et al. 2016; Lannoo et al. 2018). Habitat loss and shifting climate patterns pose as major threats to the continued existence of this species (Lannoo and Stiles 2017). In Arkansas, the Northern Crawfish Frog, Lithobates areolatus circulosus, occurs in only 19 of its 75 counties (Trauth et al. 2004; Trauth and Holt 2017). Because of their secretive nature, late winter-early spring breeding season, and current protected status by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, this species remains a rarity in most museum collections in the state (Trauth et al. 2004). Moreover, only anecdotal information exits regarding any aspect of their natural history in Arkansas (Trauth et al. 1990). In the present study, we chose to conduct a phalangeal skeletochronological investigation of the Northern Crawfish Frog utilizing museum specimens (n = 10) deposited in the herpetological collection (ASUMZ 13900, 14150, 31084-86, 33746-49, 33611) housed in the Arkansas Center for Biodiversity Collections located at Arkansas State University. Four frogs included in this sample were recently collected by SET while road cruising on Turkey Pond Loop (35.2147195N, 92.7567921W) in Conway County on the 20 and 27 February, 2018. Our goals were to estimate the age of individuals within this small Arkansas frog sample by counting annular lines of arrested growth (LAGs) and compare these results with the age estimates found for this frog by Redmer (2000), who utilized the same histological technique on a crawfish frog population in southern Illinois. The distal phalanx (Fig. 1) of the 4 toe of the left hind foot from each frog was removed and placed into either 70% ethanol (historic specimens) or 10% neutral buffered formalin for fresh toes. Then, we treated all toes with a decalcifying solution (1% hydrochloric acid) Figure 1. Photomicrograph of a transverse section through the distal phalanx of Lithobates areolatus circulosus (ASUMZ 33748) revealing phalangeal bone (Pb). Sm = striated muscle.","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45680743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dwarf crayfishes of the genus Cambarellus are represented in Arkansas by only 2 species: Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) puer (Hobbs) and C. (P.) shufeldtii (Faxon). Both species are quite small and uncommonly encountered in the state. Between 1972 and 2018, we made 368 crayfish collections throughout the 75 counties of Arkansas. A total of 34 collections (our collections, plus museum specimens), and those previously collected by Reimer (1963) yielded a total of 304 specimens of C. puer and 12 collections of C. shufeldtii returned 54 specimens of C. shufeldtiii. Herein, we document these 2 dwarf crayfishes from primarily the Coastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plain physiographic provinces of Arkansas. Cambarellus puer is documented from 24 counties whereas C. shufeldtii was recorded from only 12 counties. With regard to conservation status, both C. puer and C. shufeldtii should be considered as “Currently Stable” due to their widespread distribution and general abundance in Arkansas.
{"title":"Distribution, Habitat, and Life History Aspects of the Dwarf Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarellus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in Arkansas","authors":"H. Robison, C. T. McAllister","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7319","url":null,"abstract":"The dwarf crayfishes of the genus Cambarellus are represented in Arkansas by only 2 species: Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) puer (Hobbs) and C. (P.) shufeldtii (Faxon). Both species are quite small and uncommonly encountered in the state. Between 1972 and 2018, we made 368 crayfish collections throughout the 75 counties of Arkansas. A total of 34 collections (our collections, plus museum specimens), and those previously collected by Reimer (1963) yielded a total of 304 specimens of C. puer and 12 collections of C. shufeldtii returned 54 specimens of C. shufeldtiii. Herein, we document these 2 dwarf crayfishes from primarily the Coastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plain physiographic provinces of Arkansas. Cambarellus puer is documented from 24 counties whereas C. shufeldtii was recorded from only 12 counties. With regard to conservation status, both C. puer and C. shufeldtii should be considered as “Currently Stable” due to their widespread distribution and general abundance in Arkansas.","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44016394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Dobsonfly, Corydalus cornutus (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), from Arkansas with Aberrant Mandibles","authors":"D. Bowles","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44163574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In addition to the impacts of prescribed fires on forest vegetation, this ecosystem process also has dramatic impacts on associated insect assemblages. For herbivorous, terrestrial insects, fire predictably results in a cycle of initial insect population reduction followed by recovery and growth, in which these insect populations exceed pre-fire abundances. We sought to examine if fire-induced disturbance cycles make prescribed burned areas more or less suitable specifically for moths (order Lepidoptera), which is a major food source for, among others, multiple bat species. We surveyed moth assemblages at 20 burned and 20 unburned sites in the Boston Mountain and Ozark Highland ecoregions of Arkansas, to determine if biomass or abundance of moths differed between areas that had been burned in the past 10 years, and those areas that had never been burned. Samples were collected early (April to July) and late (August to November) in the growing season of 2017 (hereafter early season and late season, respectively). We compared biomass and abundance of all moths, and of five representative moth species, between burned and unburned sites. The five moth species were chosen and considered to be representative due to their high relative abundance, and ease of identification. The five chosen moth species included the banded tussock moth ( Halysidota tessellaris ), white-dotted prominent moth ( Nadata gibbosa ), ailanthus moth ( Atteva aurea ), grape leaffolder ( Desmia funeralis ), and painted lichen moth ( Hypoprepia fucosa ). Results from paired t-tests showed no significant difference in total biomass, or abundance of representative species between burned and unburned sites. However, generalized linear regression models showed significantly higher abundance of moths in areas with high basal area that had been previously burned (β = -0.038 ± 0.004 SE, p <0.0001). Lower number of snags (β = -0.081± 0.0044; p < 0.0001) and more open canopy (β = 0.001 ± 0.0001 SE; p < 0.0001), also increased abundance of moths in an area. Our results show that fire acts as an intermediate disturbance, driving moth populations in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas.
{"title":"The Impact of Prescribed Fire on Moth Assemblages in the Boston Mountains and Ozark Highlands, in Arkansas","authors":"Erin E Guerra, C. Blanco, J. Garrie","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7309","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to the impacts of prescribed fires on forest vegetation, this ecosystem process also has dramatic impacts on associated insect assemblages. For herbivorous, terrestrial insects, fire predictably results in a cycle of initial insect population reduction followed by recovery and growth, in which these insect populations exceed pre-fire abundances. We sought to examine if fire-induced disturbance cycles make prescribed burned areas more or less suitable specifically for moths (order Lepidoptera), which is a major food source for, among others, multiple bat species. We surveyed moth assemblages at 20 burned and 20 unburned sites in the Boston Mountain and Ozark Highland ecoregions of Arkansas, to determine if biomass or abundance of moths differed between areas that had been burned in the past 10 years, and those areas that had never been burned. Samples were collected early (April to July) and late (August to November) in the growing season of 2017 (hereafter early season and late season, respectively). We compared biomass and abundance of all moths, and of five representative moth species, between burned and unburned sites. The five moth species were chosen and considered to be representative due to their high relative abundance, and ease of identification. The five chosen moth species included the banded tussock moth ( Halysidota tessellaris ), white-dotted prominent moth ( Nadata gibbosa ), ailanthus moth ( Atteva aurea ), grape leaffolder ( Desmia funeralis ), and painted lichen moth ( Hypoprepia fucosa ). Results from paired t-tests showed no significant difference in total biomass, or abundance of representative species between burned and unburned sites. However, generalized linear regression models showed significantly higher abundance of moths in areas with high basal area that had been previously burned (β = -0.038 ± 0.004 SE, p <0.0001). Lower number of snags (β = -0.081± 0.0044; p < 0.0001) and more open canopy (β = 0.001 ± 0.0001 SE; p < 0.0001), also increased abundance of moths in an area. Our results show that fire acts as an intermediate disturbance, driving moth populations in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas.","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41822367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Braund, Andrew Feltman, George B Gavrielides, Katherine E. Lang, Jennifer R Main, Anastasia Mogilevski, J. Mosbey, Rebecca Relic, Calvin Rezac, Brianna K. Trejo, G. Adams, S. Adams
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{"title":"A Tale of Two Sylamores: Understanding Relationships Among Land Use, Nutrients, and Aquatic Communities Across a Subsidy-Stress Gradient","authors":"D. Braund, Andrew Feltman, George B Gavrielides, Katherine E. Lang, Jennifer R Main, Anastasia Mogilevski, J. Mosbey, Rebecca Relic, Calvin Rezac, Brianna K. Trejo, G. Adams, S. Adams","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7316","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43010891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photographic Record of a Greater Roadrunner (Geococcyx californianus) from Drew County, Arkansas","authors":"J. Hunt, C. G. Sims","doi":"10.54119/jaas.2019.7306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54119/jaas.2019.7306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30423,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44494712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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