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Building, emptying out, or dreaming? Action structures and space in students’ metaphors of academic writing 建造,清空,还是做梦?学生学术写作中隐喻的动作结构和空间
I. Scharlau, A. Karsten, K. Rohlfing
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引用次数: 1
How faculty discipline and beliefs influence instructional uses of writing in STEM undergraduate courses at research-intensive universities 在研究型大学的STEM本科课程中,教师的纪律和信仰如何影响写作的教学用途
R. Thompson, S. Finkenstaedt-Quinn, G. Shultz, A. Gere, J. A. Reynolds
Efforts to accelerate the pace of adoption of writing-to-learn (WTL) practices in undergraduate STEM courses have been limited by a lack of theoretical and conceptual frameworks to systematically guide research and empirical evidence about the extent to which intrapersonal attributes and contextual factors, particularly faculty beliefs and disciplinary cultures, influence faculty use of writing assignments in their teaching. To address these gaps, we adopted an ecological systems perspective and conducted a national survey of faculty in STEM departments across 63 research-intensive universities in the United States. Overall, the findings indicated that 70% of faculty assigned writing. However, the assignment of writing differed by faculty demographics, discipline, and beliefs. More specifically, faculty demographics accounted for 5% of the variance in assignment of writing. Faculty discipline accounted for an additional 6% increment in variance, and faculty epistemic beliefs and beliefs about effectiveness of WTL practices and contextual resources and constraints influencing the use of writing in their teaching together accounted for an additional 30% increment in variance. The findings point to faculty beliefs as salient intervention targets and highlight the importance of disciplinary specific approaches to the promotion of the adoption of WTL practices.
由于缺乏理论和概念框架来系统地指导有关个人属性和背景因素(特别是教师信仰和学科文化)在多大程度上影响教师在教学中使用写作作业的研究和经验证据,加快在本科STEM课程中采用写作学习(WTL)实践的步伐的努力受到了限制。为了解决这些差距,我们采用了生态系统的观点,并对美国63所研究型大学的STEM部门的教师进行了全国调查。总体而言,调查结果表明70%的教师布置了写作。然而,写作任务因教师人口统计、学科和信仰而异。更具体地说,教师人口统计数据占写作任务差异的5%。教师纪律在方差中占6%的额外增量,教师的认知信念和对WTL实践有效性的信念以及影响教学中写作使用的上下文资源和约束的信念在方差中占30%的额外增量。研究结果指出,教师信念是显著的干预目标,并强调了学科特定方法对促进采用WTL实践的重要性。
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引用次数: 6
The role of achievement goal orientations in the relationships between high school students' anxiety, self-efficacy, and perceived use of revision strategies in argumentative writing 成就目标取向在高中生议论文写作焦虑、自我效能感和修改策略感知使用之间的关系中的作用
Narmada Paul, Tzu-Jung Lin, S. Ha, J. Chen, George E. Newell
This study examined the relationships between writing anxiety, writing self-efficacy, and perceived use of revision strategies in high school students with different achievement goals as they learned argumentative writing in English Language Arts classrooms. Three achievement goal orientation profiles emerged from a sample of 307 American high school students on the basis of their mastery, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goal orientations: Low on All, Average on All, and High on All. These three profiles of students significantly differed with respect to their writing anxiety and their perceived use of revision strategies. Writing self-efficacy mediated the effect of writing anxiety on the perceived use of revision strategies for students in the Average on All profile only. The findings suggest that students are diverse in their motivational and affective experiences with respect to argumentative writing, and caution against using a one-size-fits-all approach for teaching argumentative writing to students.
本研究考察了不同成就目标的高中学生在英语语言艺术课堂上学习议论文写作时,写作焦虑、写作自我效能感和修改策略的感知使用之间的关系。从307名美国高中生的样本中,根据他们的精通、表现接近和表现回避目标取向,出现了三种成就目标取向的概况:全部低、全部平均和全部高。这三组学生在写作焦虑和使用复习策略方面存在显著差异。写作自我效能感在写作焦虑对学生使用复习策略的影响中起中介作用。研究结果表明,学生在议论文写作的动机和情感体验方面是不同的,并且警告不要使用一刀切的方法来教授学生议论文写作。
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引用次数: 9
The relationship between middle and high school students' motivation to write, value of writing, writer self-beliefs, and writing outcomes 初高中学生写作动机、写作价值、作者自我信念与写作效果的关系
Katherine Landau Wright, Tracey S. Hodges, E. Enright, Jade Z. Abbott
Most time spent writing in schools is typically in the form of writing practice, often in short-form writing assignments, and focused on the mechanics and cognitive approaches to writing, rather than motivation. Research has only recently begun to document a direct relationship between writing achievement and writing motivation, but so far concludes that the two constructs do inform each other. Therefore, for the present study, we independently examined the impacts of motivation to write, students’ perceived value of writing achievement, and students’ self-belief as writers on their writing outcomes. Focusing on middle and high school classrooms, we triangulated data through students’ writing samples, students’ writing scores from the Test of Written Language-IV (TOWL-4), and students’ writing achievement provided by teacher ratings. Our study adds support to previous work on writing motivation by demonstrating that middle and high school students’ motivation to write is correlated strongly with their writing achievement. To expand on our results from this study, additional research is needed to better understand the relationships between writing motivation and the complex, intersecting identities students bring with them into their writing.
在学校里,花在写作上的大部分时间通常是以写作练习的形式,通常是简短的写作作业,重点是写作的机制和认知方法,而不是动机。研究直到最近才开始记录写作成就和写作动机之间的直接关系,但到目前为止得出的结论是,这两种结构确实相互通知。因此,在本研究中,我们独立考察了写作动机、学生对写作成就的感知价值和学生作为作家的自我信念对其写作结果的影响。我们以初高中课堂为研究对象,通过学生的写作样本、学生的书面语言测试iv (TOWL-4)的写作分数和教师评分提供的学生写作成绩,对数据进行了三角测量。我们的研究通过证明初高中学生的写作动机与他们的写作成就密切相关,为先前关于写作动机的研究提供了支持。为了扩展我们的研究结果,需要进一步的研究来更好地理解写作动机和学生在写作中带来的复杂、交叉的身份之间的关系。
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引用次数: 9
Comprehensive corrective feedback in second language writing: The response of individual error categories 二语写作中的综合纠正反馈:个别错误类别的反应
Marisela Bonilla López, E. Steendam, D. Speelman, Kris Buyse
While the literature on the effect of comprehensive corrective feedback (CF) on overall accuracy is abundant, the body of work employing such a scope to explore error treatability is not, especially when it comes to blended (cf. Ferris, 2010) design studies. Consequently, this investigation extends the analyses from the data set of Bonilla et al. (2018) to report on individual linguistic features. Specifically, to address crucial amenabilityrelated questions in need of perusal, the present blended design study explores the effect of two types of comprehensive CF (with direct correction and metalinguistic codes) on the treatability of separate grammatical and non-grammatical structures. To this end, a group of EFL learners (N = 139) were required to do editing that involved error-correction, deferred (on a draft), and focused on language as well as to produce two independent essays (in an immediate and a delayed posttest). Main results from logistic regression (to test the effect in revised essays) and mixed-effect models (to test the effect on independent essays) render seven variables that can explain correctability differences: out of those, three have also explained overall accuracy gains (cf. Bonilla et al., 2018), one has not been identified thus far, and three consolidate themselves as relevant factors under other conditions as well. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed.
虽然关于综合纠正反馈(CF)对整体准确性的影响的文献很多,但采用这种范围来探索错误可治疗性的工作却很少,特别是在混合设计研究中(CF . Ferris, 2010)。因此,本研究扩展了Bonilla等人(2018)的数据集分析,以报告单个语言特征。具体来说,为了解决需要仔细阅读的关键易受影响性问题,本混合设计研究探讨了两种类型的综合CF(直接纠正和元语言代码)对单独的语法和非语法结构的可治疗性的影响。为此,一组英语学习者(N = 139)被要求进行编辑,包括纠错,延期(在草稿上),专注于语言,以及撰写两篇独立的文章(在即时测试和延迟后测中)。逻辑回归(用于测试修订论文中的效果)和混合效应模型(用于测试对独立论文的影响)的主要结果提供了七个可以解释可纠正性差异的变量:其中三个变量也解释了总体准确性的提高(cf. Bonilla et al., 2018),到目前为止尚未确定一个变量,另外三个变量在其他条件下也将自己整合为相关因素。讨论了理论和教学意义。
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引用次数: 4
Syntactic development across genres in children's writing: the case of adverbial clauses 儿童写作中跨体裁的句法发展:以状语从句为例
Philip Durrant, Mark Brenchley, R. Clarkson
Corpus linguistic methods can provide detailed and statistically robust information about how children's written language develops as they progress through their education. Such data can inform both models of written language development and curricular policies and practices. To this end, the current paper focuses on subordination as a key site of syntactic complexity. Using a corpus of 240 texts written by children aged 6 to 16 in England as part of their regular school work, it quantifies how the most common type of subordinate clause (the adverbial clause) varies across year groups and genres in terms of frequency, internal complexity and semantic function. A complex developmental picture emerges with length and frequency of finite vs. non-finite clauses changing in distinct ways across primary vs. secondary education. These patterns are found to be closely related to disciplineand genre-specific developments in the main functions for which adverbial clauses are used.
语料库语言学方法可以提供详细和统计上可靠的信息,了解儿童在教育过程中如何发展书面语言。这些数据可以为书面语言发展模型和课程政策与实践提供信息。为此,本文将重点放在从属关系这一句法复杂性的关键部位。该研究使用了英国6至16岁儿童写的240篇课文作为常规学校作业的一部分,量化了最常见的从句类型(状语从句)在不同年级和不同体裁方面的频率、内部复杂性和语义功能的变化。在小学和中学教育中,有限和非有限从句的长度和频率以不同的方式变化,这是一幅复杂的发展图景。这些模式与使用状语从句的主要功能的学科和体裁发展密切相关。
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引用次数: 7
Teachers' writing practices and contextual features in grades 7-12 of Chilean public schools 智利公立学校7-12年级教师写作实践与语境特征
M. Flores-Ferrés, D. van Weijen, Gert Rijlaarsdam
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引用次数: 4
The Role of Discourse Knowledge in Writing among First-graders 语篇知识在一年级学生写作中的作用
H. Wen, D. L. Coker
Theoretical models of early writing support the importance of discourse knowledge to writing (Bereiter & Scardamalia, 1987; Berninger & Winn, 2006). However, there is limited research on the relationship between discourse knowledge and writing among beginning writers. This study explored whether fall, spring, and change in discourse knowledge predicted first-graders’ end-of-year writing. Three hundred eighty first-graders were given a discourse knowledge interview in the fall and spring assessing knowledge of writing production procedures, substantive processes, story elements, and writing motivation. Additional fall assessments included handwriting fluency, spelling, reading, and vocabulary. Students’ narrative and descriptive writing was assessed at the end of the year. Hierarchical linear modeling showed that fall discourse knowledge and knowledge gain variables were not consistent predictors for writing outcomes. However, a more consistent relation was found between spring discourse knowledge and writing achievement, where production procedures predicted writing in both genres while substantive processes and story elements only predicted narrative writing. This study extended findings from earlier research by examining the discourse knowledge and writing achievement of young students.
早期写作的理论模型支持话语知识对写作的重要性(Bereiter & Scardamalia, 1987;Berninger & Winn, 2006)。然而,对初创者话语知识与写作之间关系的研究却很少。本研究探讨了秋季、春季以及语篇知识的变化是否能预测一年级学生的年终写作。我们在秋季和春季对380名一年级学生进行了一项语篇知识访谈,评估他们在写作过程、实质性过程、故事要素和写作动机方面的知识。额外的秋季评估包括书写流利度、拼写、阅读和词汇量。学生的叙事性和描述性写作在年底进行评估。层次线性模型显示,秋季话语知识和知识获得变量对写作结果的预测不一致。然而,春季话语知识与写作成就之间的关系更为一致,生产过程预测两种类型的写作,而实质性过程和故事元素仅预测叙事写作。本研究通过考察青年学生的语篇知识和写作成就,扩展了先前研究的结果。
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引用次数: 5
Language matters: Examining the language-related needs and wants of writers in a first-year university writing course 语言问题:在大学一年级的写作课程中考察作家与语言相关的需求和愿望
D. Ferris, G. Eckstein
All writing involves complex linguistic knowledge and thoughtful decision-making. But where do students acquire the linguistic tools needed to write effectively? Many students come from diverse backgrounds and may need additional support and/or instruction in language and grammar. In order to better understand this situation, we conducted a qualitative multiple-case study to examine the experiences of 12 students in a first-year university-level composition course to understand the extent of their diverse learning backgrounds and language needs and expectations. We synthesized information from surveys, interviews, and written texts into narratives about each student’s attitudes toward language and writing and also examined the actual language in their texts. The findings reveal wide diversity in linguistic backgrounds and experiences and that students need and want attention to their language skills in first-year writing. Findings further suggest that instructors should consider the backgrounds and abilities of individual student writers and listen carefully to students’ perceptions about their own writing and language needs in order to build students’ writing self-efficacy levels.
所有的写作都涉及复杂的语言知识和深思熟虑的决策。但是学生们从哪里获得有效写作所需的语言工具呢?许多学生来自不同的背景,可能需要语言和语法方面的额外支持和/或指导。为了更好地了解这种情况,我们进行了一项定性的多案例研究,研究了12名大学一年级作文课程学生的经历,以了解他们不同学习背景的程度以及语言需求和期望。我们综合了来自调查、访谈和书面文本的信息,对每个学生对语言和写作的态度进行了叙述,并检查了他们在文本中使用的实际语言。研究结果揭示了语言背景和经历的广泛多样性,学生们在第一年的写作中需要并希望关注他们的语言技能。研究结果进一步表明,教师应考虑学生写作个体的背景和能力,并仔细倾听学生对自己的写作和语言需求的看法,以建立学生的写作自我效能水平。
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引用次数: 8
Book review: Understanding Young People's Writing Development 书评:《了解青少年的写作发展》
J. Parr
Understanding young people’s writing development: Identity, disciplinarity, and education by E. Krogh and K.S. Jakobsen, Eds.]. Journal of Writing Research, 12 (2), 485-491. https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2020.12.02.06 Contact: Judy Parr, University of Auckland, Epsom campus, 74 Epsom ave, Epsom, Auckland 1023 | New Zealand jm.parr@auckland.ac.nz Copyright: Earli | This article is published under Creative Commons AttributionNoncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported license. Book review Understanding Young People’s Writing Development
理解年轻人的写作发展:身份、纪律和教育[E. Krogh和K.S. Jakobsen主编]。中文信息学报,12(2),485-491。https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2020.12.02.06联系方式:Judy Parr,奥克兰大学,Epsom校区,74 Epsom ave, Epsom,奥克兰1023 |新西兰jm.parr@auckland.ac.nz版权:Earli |本文根据知识共享署名非商业性-禁止衍生作品3.0未授权许可发布。《了解青少年的写作发展》
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Libellarium Journal for the Research of Writing Books and Cultural Heritage Institutions
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