Retinopathy of rashness (ROP) is a critical reason for youth visual deficiency which gives a window period to screening & treatment prior to advancing to an extreme structure having poor visual result. Universally, no less than 50,000 kids are visually impaired because of ROP & an extra obscure number will be outwardly impeded or blind in one eye. To evaluate the administration of patients with Retinopathy of rashness & its result of the treatment applied in a tertiary level neonatal unit in the territory of Odisha. It is a clinic based unmistakable (cross-sectional) study, done from September 2019 to October 2021 done at SNCU of SCBMCH, Cuttack & SNCU, NICU of Sardar Vallabh bhai Patel Postgraduate Foundation of Pediatrics (SVPPGIP), Cuttack, Odisha who qualify the incorporation standards. During the review time of almost 2 years, 310 children were evaluated for ROP in which 117 were viewed as sure for ROP. The frequency of ROP in our review was 37.7%. ROP is viewed as related with the accompanying gamble factors in our review like low gestational age, low birth weight, oxygen treatment, RDS, paleness, blood bonding & septicemia, numerous births, hyperbilirubinemia with low birth weight & low gestational age & oxygen treatment being the main ones. Out of 31 cases treated with Avastin infusion, 26 gave indications of relapse till 2 months follow up & just 5 of them didn't give indications of relapse after infusion Bevacizumab. Those 5 children were treated with retinal removal by LASER photocoagulation following 10 days of beginning treatment, who gave indications of relapse till 2 months follow up. Legitimate screening & the executives of ROP can prompt counteraction of movement of infection to a more extreme stage with poor visual guess, consequently decreasing the weight of experience growing up visual deficiency. Intra vitreal hostile to VEGF infusion can be utilized as essential treatment for treatment justified ROP cases however more examination is expected to figure out the drawn out incidental effect profile of these medications.
{"title":"A study on the management of patients with retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care setting","authors":"Abinashi Sabyasachi Sethy, Santosh Kumar Sethi, Jyotsna Sharma, Mangal Charan Murma, Subhabrata Parida","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.055","url":null,"abstract":"Retinopathy of rashness (ROP) is a critical reason for youth visual deficiency which gives a window period to screening & treatment prior to advancing to an extreme structure having poor visual result. Universally, no less than 50,000 kids are visually impaired because of ROP & an extra obscure number will be outwardly impeded or blind in one eye. To evaluate the administration of patients with Retinopathy of rashness & its result of the treatment applied in a tertiary level neonatal unit in the territory of Odisha. It is a clinic based unmistakable (cross-sectional) study, done from September 2019 to October 2021 done at SNCU of SCBMCH, Cuttack & SNCU, NICU of Sardar Vallabh bhai Patel Postgraduate Foundation of Pediatrics (SVPPGIP), Cuttack, Odisha who qualify the incorporation standards. During the review time of almost 2 years, 310 children were evaluated for ROP in which 117 were viewed as sure for ROP. The frequency of ROP in our review was 37.7%. ROP is viewed as related with the accompanying gamble factors in our review like low gestational age, low birth weight, oxygen treatment, RDS, paleness, blood bonding & septicemia, numerous births, hyperbilirubinemia with low birth weight & low gestational age & oxygen treatment being the main ones. Out of 31 cases treated with Avastin infusion, 26 gave indications of relapse till 2 months follow up & just 5 of them didn't give indications of relapse after infusion Bevacizumab. Those 5 children were treated with retinal removal by LASER photocoagulation following 10 days of beginning treatment, who gave indications of relapse till 2 months follow up. Legitimate screening & the executives of ROP can prompt counteraction of movement of infection to a more extreme stage with poor visual guess, consequently decreasing the weight of experience growing up visual deficiency. Intra vitreal hostile to VEGF infusion can be utilized as essential treatment for treatment justified ROP cases however more examination is expected to figure out the drawn out incidental effect profile of these medications.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scrub typhus is a leading cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in India. Overlapping clinical presentation and very low incidence of characteristic eschar makes serology the main stay of diagnosis. IgM ELISA is the most common test performed in tertiary care centres along with rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and Weil Felix with varying sensitivity and specificityThe present study was conducted to compare the RDT’s and Weil Felix with IgM ELISA and analyse the demographic and clinical profile of scrub positive patientsSerum samples from clinically suspected scrub typhus patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital were tested by Weil Felix, RDT and IgM ELISA. Scrub typhus was confirmed in 38 of the 100 clinically suspected patients by IgM ELISA. Fever was the most common presenting symptom with significant proportion of patients being exposed to vegetation (p=0.0001).Sensitivity of Weil Felix and RDT was 42.1% and 84.2% respectively. Acute Kidney injury was the most common complication and mortality rate was 7.9%.Weil Felix is not a reliable test for scrub typhus diagnosis due to low sensitivity. Results of positive RDT’s can used for early initiation of specific treatment and IgM ELISA can be used as a confirmatory test in highly suspected cases.
{"title":"Evaluation of serological tests in the diagnosis of scrub typhus","authors":"Mvnl Ram Mohan, Shiva Prasad Jamakayala, Subhada K, Talasila Sudha, Teja V.D, U. Pamidimukkala","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.042","url":null,"abstract":"Scrub typhus is a leading cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in India. Overlapping clinical presentation and very low incidence of characteristic eschar makes serology the main stay of diagnosis. IgM ELISA is the most common test performed in tertiary care centres along with rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and Weil Felix with varying sensitivity and specificityThe present study was conducted to compare the RDT’s and Weil Felix with IgM ELISA and analyse the demographic and clinical profile of scrub positive patientsSerum samples from clinically suspected scrub typhus patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital were tested by Weil Felix, RDT and IgM ELISA. Scrub typhus was confirmed in 38 of the 100 clinically suspected patients by IgM ELISA. Fever was the most common presenting symptom with significant proportion of patients being exposed to vegetation (p=0.0001).Sensitivity of Weil Felix and RDT was 42.1% and 84.2% respectively. Acute Kidney injury was the most common complication and mortality rate was 7.9%.Weil Felix is not a reliable test for scrub typhus diagnosis due to low sensitivity. Results of positive RDT’s can used for early initiation of specific treatment and IgM ELISA can be used as a confirmatory test in highly suspected cases.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"69 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2024.012
Jyotirmayee Mishra, Sobhagini Nayak, K. Mohapatra, H. Singh
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors comprise nearly 3% of all malignancies world-wide whereas in India it accounts for about 2%. In recent years there has been an increase in CNS tumors with new potential risk factors being observed. The aim of the present study is to highlight the histopathological spectrum of brain tumors in a single tertiary care centre in Western Odisha.This retrospective histopathological analysis of CNS tumors was conducted in the Department of Pathology, VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha, India from October 2016 to September 2020. In the span of 4 years, a total of 94 neurosurgical biopsies were studied. Histopathological examination of routinely processed tissue and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections of corresponding cases were thoroughly examined. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done whenever required. Thereafter an approach was made to diagnose the cases, based on WHO classification system of 2016.A wide range of histopathological spectrum of CNS tumors was observed and was classified according to the WHO classification system of 2016. The primary CNS tumors were graded from Grade I to Grade IV. The most common CNS tumor in our study we found to be Astrocytic tumors (21 cases, 22.34%) followed by Schwannoma (19 cases, 20.21%) and meningiomas (18 cases, 19.14%). The incidence was more among males (59.51%) as compared to females (40.4%). This study provides an information regarding the prevalence of disease in Western Odisha. Use of modern imaging technique helps to a major extent in making a provisional.
{"title":"Retrospective study of CNS tumors in a tertiary care centre in Western Odisha - A 4 year study","authors":"Jyotirmayee Mishra, Sobhagini Nayak, K. Mohapatra, H. Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.012","url":null,"abstract":"Central nervous system (CNS) tumors comprise nearly 3% of all malignancies world-wide whereas in India it accounts for about 2%. In recent years there has been an increase in CNS tumors with new potential risk factors being observed. The aim of the present study is to highlight the histopathological spectrum of brain tumors in a single tertiary care centre in Western Odisha.This retrospective histopathological analysis of CNS tumors was conducted in the Department of Pathology, VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha, India from October 2016 to September 2020. In the span of 4 years, a total of 94 neurosurgical biopsies were studied. Histopathological examination of routinely processed tissue and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections of corresponding cases were thoroughly examined. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done whenever required. Thereafter an approach was made to diagnose the cases, based on WHO classification system of 2016.A wide range of histopathological spectrum of CNS tumors was observed and was classified according to the WHO classification system of 2016. The primary CNS tumors were graded from Grade I to Grade IV. The most common CNS tumor in our study we found to be Astrocytic tumors (21 cases, 22.34%) followed by Schwannoma (19 cases, 20.21%) and meningiomas (18 cases, 19.14%). The incidence was more among males (59.51%) as compared to females (40.4%). This study provides an information regarding the prevalence of disease in Western Odisha. Use of modern imaging technique helps to a major extent in making a provisional.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2024.040
Huma Firdaus, Shadan Sadaf, Rajendra Kumar Saini, Mohammad Shameem
Obese patients have low levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D due to feedback inhibition of hepatic synthesis of the metabolite by increased circulating 1,25(OH) vitamin D. Obese individuals have more physical activity which limits their exposure to sunlight resulting in lower levels of 25(OH)D. Sleep fragmentation in OSA leads to daytime drowsiness, fatigue and hence decreased outdoor activity contributing to the same. Hence, OSA aggravates obesity and obesity aggravates OSA creating a vicious cycle and together contribute to the depletion of serum vitamin D level.Patients attending the special clinic of sleep were included in the study and were screened using STOP-BANG scoring system for OSA Patients with score of >2 were included in the study and further underwent polysomnography test. Among the study population, cases had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 5 in polysomnography and controls had AHI <5. Controls were further matched for age, sex and BMI with cases. Vitamin D Level was tested in both cases and controls for comparison using arterial blood sample.Total ninety-three patients were included in the study, out of whom 59 were cases which formed the OSA group, had mean age of 48.02 ±8.435 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 33.73 ±7.48 kg/m2, mean neck circumference 37.8 cm ±5.08 Mean vitamin D level in the case and control was 21.02 ± 7.27 and 24.48 ± 6.92 respectively with a p value < 0.05, with a negative correlation of AHI with serum vitamin D level (p< 0.001, r = −0.286).Different mechanisms play a role in OSA patients affecting. This study shows inverse relationship between vitamin D level and AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) which was statistically significant and vitamin D level was higher in controls than cases. Thus it can be said that 25(OH)D levels and OSAS are related, but it is difficult to establish a direct causal association between them.
肥胖患者的血清 25- 羟基维生素 D 水平较低，这是由于循环中 1,25（OH）维生素 D 的增加对肝脏合成代谢物的反馈抑制作用所致。OSA 中的睡眠碎片会导致白天嗜睡、疲劳，从而减少户外活动，这也是导致 OSA 的原因之一。因此，OSA 会加重肥胖，而肥胖又会加重 OSA，从而形成恶性循环，共同导致血清维生素 D 水平下降。在研究人群中，病例的多导睡眠图中呼吸暂停-低通气指数（AHI）大于 5，对照组的 AHI 小于 5。对照组在年龄、性别和体重指数方面与病例进一步匹配。研究共纳入 93 名患者，其中 59 人为 OSA 组病例，平均年龄（48.02 ± 8.435）岁，平均体重指数（BMI）（33.73 ± 7.病例和对照组的平均维生素 D 水平分别为 21.02 ± 7.27 和 24.48 ± 6.92，P 值 < 0.05，AHI 与血清维生素 D 水平呈负相关（P < 0.001，r = -0.286）。本研究显示，维生素 D 水平与 AHI（呼吸暂停-通气指数）呈反向关系，具有统计学意义，且对照组的维生素 D 水平高于病例。因此可以说，25（OH）D 水平与 OSAS 有关，但很难确定两者之间的直接因果关系。
{"title":"A study to see association between vitamin d level and obstructive sleep apnea","authors":"Huma Firdaus, Shadan Sadaf, Rajendra Kumar Saini, Mohammad Shameem","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.040","url":null,"abstract":"Obese patients have low levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D due to feedback inhibition of hepatic synthesis of the metabolite by increased circulating 1,25(OH) vitamin D. Obese individuals have more physical activity which limits their exposure to sunlight resulting in lower levels of 25(OH)D. Sleep fragmentation in OSA leads to daytime drowsiness, fatigue and hence decreased outdoor activity contributing to the same. Hence, OSA aggravates obesity and obesity aggravates OSA creating a vicious cycle and together contribute to the depletion of serum vitamin D level.Patients attending the special clinic of sleep were included in the study and were screened using STOP-BANG scoring system for OSA Patients with score of >2 were included in the study and further underwent polysomnography test. Among the study population, cases had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 5 in polysomnography and controls had AHI <5. Controls were further matched for age, sex and BMI with cases. Vitamin D Level was tested in both cases and controls for comparison using arterial blood sample.Total ninety-three patients were included in the study, out of whom 59 were cases which formed the OSA group, had mean age of 48.02 ±8.435 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 33.73 ±7.48 kg/m2, mean neck circumference 37.8 cm ±5.08 Mean vitamin D level in the case and control was 21.02 ± 7.27 and 24.48 ± 6.92 respectively with a p value < 0.05, with a negative correlation of AHI with serum vitamin D level (p< 0.001, r = −0.286).Different mechanisms play a role in OSA patients affecting. This study shows inverse relationship between vitamin D level and AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) which was statistically significant and vitamin D level was higher in controls than cases. Thus it can be said that 25(OH)D levels and OSAS are related, but it is difficult to establish a direct causal association between them.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"65 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a surgical technique to treat sinonasal diseases. Intraoperative bleeding is one of the major challenges, which hinder the confined area of visibility and prolongs the procedure. Intraoperative induced hypotension can reduce intraoperative bleeding, to provide clear surgical field for dissection and hence decreasing operative time. So, we compared effect of dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on the intraoperative haemodynamics during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). To study the effect of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on intraoperative haemodynamics under general anaesthesia in functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS). Secondary aim was to study estimated blood loss if any. To study the effect of I.V. dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on intraoperative haemodynamics under general anaesthesia in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Patients were divided randomly by sealed envelope method into two groups with 30 patients in each group. Group D patients received dexmedetomidine 1ug/kg as a loading dose over 20 minutes followed by 0.3 ug/kg/hr infusion for maintainence. Group P patients received propofol 2mg/kg as a loading dose followed by 100-200 ug/kg/min infusion for maintenance. The findings in our study highlights that dexmedetomidine infusion decreases haemodynamic parameters like arterial blood pressure and heart rate more as compared to propofol infusion during FESS. The effect on hemodynamics sustained and consistent without requirement of additional hypotensive agents. So altogether, this lead to better surgical field. Use of dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective method to control bleeding and improve the quality of surgical field and intraoperative haemodynamics.
{"title":"Comparison of dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on intraoperative haemodynamics during functional endoscopic sinus surgery under general anaesthesia- A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Sahil Garg, Hersimranjit Kaur, Amandeep Singh, Pankaj Bansal, Manvi Garg, Seema Prasad","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.021","url":null,"abstract":"Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a surgical technique to treat sinonasal diseases. Intraoperative bleeding is one of the major challenges, which hinder the confined area of visibility and prolongs the procedure. Intraoperative induced hypotension can reduce intraoperative bleeding, to provide clear surgical field for dissection and hence decreasing operative time. So, we compared effect of dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on the intraoperative haemodynamics during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). To study the effect of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on intraoperative haemodynamics under general anaesthesia in functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS). Secondary aim was to study estimated blood loss if any. To study the effect of I.V. dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion on intraoperative haemodynamics under general anaesthesia in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Patients were divided randomly by sealed envelope method into two groups with 30 patients in each group. Group D patients received dexmedetomidine 1ug/kg as a loading dose over 20 minutes followed by 0.3 ug/kg/hr infusion for maintainence. Group P patients received propofol 2mg/kg as a loading dose followed by 100-200 ug/kg/min infusion for maintenance. The findings in our study highlights that dexmedetomidine infusion decreases haemodynamic parameters like arterial blood pressure and heart rate more as compared to propofol infusion during FESS. The effect on hemodynamics sustained and consistent without requirement of additional hypotensive agents. So altogether, this lead to better surgical field. Use of dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective method to control bleeding and improve the quality of surgical field and intraoperative haemodynamics.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we wanted to correlate the findings of TRUS and MRI with regard to the diagnosis and localization of carcinoma prostate and local staging of carcinoma prostate. Our study included 43 men, with age ranging from 49 to 76 years. They underwent TRUS, MRI and TRUS guided twelve core biopsies after being suspected with prostate cancer based on high PSA values (greater than 4.0 ng /ml) or abnormal DRE findings. This study was conducted from April 2018 -June 2019. Imaging findings were confirmed with histopathology. TRUS used for the detection of malignancy had sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV as 69.70%, 80 %, 92% and 44.44 % respectively. The values were 63.16%, 83.33%, 75.00%, and 74.07% for the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TRUS respectively for the detection of ECE. rnFor the detection of malignancy, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRI was 87.88%, 70%, 90.63% and 63.64% respectively and 85.71%, 89.66%, 80.00% and 92.86% for the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRI respectively for detection of SVI. For detection of extracapsular extension (ECE), MRI had sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 78.95%, 83.33%, 78.95% and 83.33% respectively. When compared to TRUS, MRI is more useful in the diagnosis and accurate staging of prostate cancer. MRI can improve the false-negative biopsies resulting due to the inability of TRUS in detection of abnormal areas.
{"title":"Role of transrectal ultrasound and MRI in the diagnosis and localisation of carcinoma prostate - A comparison of diagnostic efficacy of trus versus MRI","authors":"Sanjana Satish, Lohith K, Vinaya Manohara Gowda, Sriviruthi B, Prateek Parmeshwar Ugran, Vishal S Dharpur","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.034","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we wanted to correlate the findings of TRUS and MRI with regard to the diagnosis and localization of carcinoma prostate and local staging of carcinoma prostate. Our study included 43 men, with age ranging from 49 to 76 years. They underwent TRUS, MRI and TRUS guided twelve core biopsies after being suspected with prostate cancer based on high PSA values (greater than 4.0 ng /ml) or abnormal DRE findings. This study was conducted from April 2018 -June 2019. Imaging findings were confirmed with histopathology. TRUS used for the detection of malignancy had sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV as 69.70%, 80 %, 92% and 44.44 % respectively. The values were 63.16%, 83.33%, 75.00%, and 74.07% for the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TRUS respectively for the detection of ECE. rnFor the detection of malignancy, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRI was 87.88%, 70%, 90.63% and 63.64% respectively and 85.71%, 89.66%, 80.00% and 92.86% for the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRI respectively for detection of SVI. For detection of extracapsular extension (ECE), MRI had sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 78.95%, 83.33%, 78.95% and 83.33% respectively. When compared to TRUS, MRI is more useful in the diagnosis and accurate staging of prostate cancer. MRI can improve the false-negative biopsies resulting due to the inability of TRUS in detection of abnormal areas.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"49 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2024.047
Archana Rajan, Deepa Narayanan
Blood Donation from healthy screened donors is a well-tolerated procedure. However a small percentage may experience adverse donor reactions. Donor haemovigilance aims at identifying and documenting these reactions for donor safety.: This prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Transfusion Medicine & Immunohaematology, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala for a one year study period from January 1st 2018 to December 31st 2018 included all adverse donor reactions and donor determinants in vasovagal reactions in allogenic whole blood donors. Donors were assessed as per the Standard Operating Procedure (S.O.P) based on national guidelines. 350ml collection bags were used. Vasovagal reactions were also graded as per the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory scale (B.D.R.I).: During the 1 year study period, 1.79% of 27,800 donors experienced adverse reactions. The most common symptoms were pre-syncopal 1.33% with syncope forming only 0.3% and local reactions 0.16%. Correlation with donor characteristics using Pearsons chi square test showed significance for female gender, first timers and lack of adequate sleep (<5 hrs). In our study there was no association with age (S.O.P guidelines) or food intake <4hrs.Our study reinforces the safety of blood donation with a very low prevalence of adverse reactions. Proper donor counseling and examination noting donor characteristics like adequate sleep, food intake and alleviation of fears and doubts of first timers can play a major role in further reducing the reaction rate and ensuring repeat donors, the need of the hour.
{"title":"Donor Haemovigilance: A South Indian experience","authors":"Archana Rajan, Deepa Narayanan","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.047","url":null,"abstract":"Blood Donation from healthy screened donors is a well-tolerated procedure. However a small percentage may experience adverse donor reactions. Donor haemovigilance aims at identifying and documenting these reactions for donor safety.: This prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Transfusion Medicine & Immunohaematology, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala for a one year study period from January 1st 2018 to December 31st 2018 included all adverse donor reactions and donor determinants in vasovagal reactions in allogenic whole blood donors. Donors were assessed as per the Standard Operating Procedure (S.O.P) based on national guidelines. 350ml collection bags were used. Vasovagal reactions were also graded as per the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory scale (B.D.R.I).: During the 1 year study period, 1.79% of 27,800 donors experienced adverse reactions. The most common symptoms were pre-syncopal 1.33% with syncope forming only 0.3% and local reactions 0.16%. Correlation with donor characteristics using Pearsons chi square test showed significance for female gender, first timers and lack of adequate sleep (<5 hrs). In our study there was no association with age (S.O.P guidelines) or food intake <4hrs.Our study reinforces the safety of blood donation with a very low prevalence of adverse reactions. Proper donor counseling and examination noting donor characteristics like adequate sleep, food intake and alleviation of fears and doubts of first timers can play a major role in further reducing the reaction rate and ensuring repeat donors, the need of the hour.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acute appendicitis is a very common abdominal emergency condition. The incidence varies from 5.7 to57 patient /lakh population per year in the world wide survey. It is frequent in both sexes, But highest in children & adolescences. Presentation of this condition is some time so confusing that it should be distinguished from other acute abdominal conditions in proper time and appropriate measures should be taken to treat the patients to avoid unwanted complications, this complication is probably more complicated in COVID-19 pandemic period. This study is designed to compare acute appendicitis cases in relation to clinical features, gradation of disease & post operative complications before COVID-19 (June 2019-March 2020) and during COVID-19 pandemic period (April 2020-October 2021). METHOD-Cases of the study were divided into 2-groups.Group-A (65 cases) in pre- pandemic period and Group-B (35 cases) in pandemic period. The study is based on the clinico-radiological features, laboratories investigations and gradation of disease. Gradation: Grade-I (probably appendicitis), Grade-II (definite appendicitis), Grade-III (perforation of appendices), Grade-IV (appendicular abscess), Grade-V (complicated appendicitis/ appendicular lump). Out of 100 enrolled cases 65 belongs to pre pandemic and 35 in pandemic period. It was found that increase in post-operative complications, were more in higher grade groups during pandemic periods. The COVID-19 pandemic has great impact on diagnosis, treatment and increased complications in post operative period of acute appendicitis, probably due to late presentation in emergency department. Pandemic directly or indirectly affect the outcome of a disease process and management.
{"title":"Retrospective analysis of acute appendicitis in COVID-19 pandemic – A clinical study of 100 cases","authors":"Debashisha Roy, Harekrishna Majhi, Manas Ranjan Mallick","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.026","url":null,"abstract":"Acute appendicitis is a very common abdominal emergency condition. The incidence varies from 5.7 to57 patient /lakh population per year in the world wide survey. It is frequent in both sexes, But highest in children & adolescences. Presentation of this condition is some time so confusing that it should be distinguished from other acute abdominal conditions in proper time and appropriate measures should be taken to treat the patients to avoid unwanted complications, this complication is probably more complicated in COVID-19 pandemic period. This study is designed to compare acute appendicitis cases in relation to clinical features, gradation of disease & post operative complications before COVID-19 (June 2019-March 2020) and during COVID-19 pandemic period (April 2020-October 2021). METHOD-Cases of the study were divided into 2-groups.Group-A (65 cases) in pre- pandemic period and Group-B (35 cases) in pandemic period. The study is based on the clinico-radiological features, laboratories investigations and gradation of disease. Gradation: Grade-I (probably appendicitis), Grade-II (definite appendicitis), Grade-III (perforation of appendices), Grade-IV (appendicular abscess), Grade-V (complicated appendicitis/ appendicular lump). Out of 100 enrolled cases 65 belongs to pre pandemic and 35 in pandemic period. It was found that increase in post-operative complications, were more in higher grade groups during pandemic periods. The COVID-19 pandemic has great impact on diagnosis, treatment and increased complications in post operative period of acute appendicitis, probably due to late presentation in emergency department. Pandemic directly or indirectly affect the outcome of a disease process and management.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2024.032
Rashmi Rekha Mahapatra, Rupa Das, Shree Kumar Chinmayananda Mishra, Gouranga Charan Prusty, Smita Rani Samal
Skin is the body’s largest and most complex organ, performing a wide range of functions. Environmental factors, genetics, cleanliness standards and social norms all influence the type of skin lesions that exist in different countries and regions. The skin lesions can vary from inflammatory to neoplastic. In clinically alike dermatoses, skin biopsy is used to provide significant information to the pathologist and dermatologist. The aim of the study is to identify and discuss the histopathology of different types of skin lesions, as well as their prevalence, age, sex distribution and location of lesions among hospital patients and compare the results with other relevant studies. The study was a retrospective observational study undertaken for the duration of three years in the Pathology Department of a tertiary health care center. Skin biopsy slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin were studied and classified after a detailed histopathological study under light microscope. 178 cases of skin lesions in total were evaluated having a 1.5:1 male to female ratio. Nonneoplastic lesions constituted 30.33% of skin lesions, while benign and malignant tumors constituted 55.05% and 14.6% of skin lesions respectively. In neoplastic lesions, keratinocytic tumors were the most common tumor type. The most common malignant tumor was squamous cell carcinoma, whereas epidermal inclusion cyst was the most prevalent benign tumor. The head and neck were the most prevalent sites for skin lesions. Most of the skin lesions can be accurately diagnosed by histopathological evaluation of biopsy of lesions in combination with clinical findings.
{"title":"Histopathological spectrum of skin lesions in a tertiary health care centre – A retrospective study","authors":"Rashmi Rekha Mahapatra, Rupa Das, Shree Kumar Chinmayananda Mishra, Gouranga Charan Prusty, Smita Rani Samal","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.032","url":null,"abstract":"Skin is the body’s largest and most complex organ, performing a wide range of functions. Environmental factors, genetics, cleanliness standards and social norms all influence the type of skin lesions that exist in different countries and regions. The skin lesions can vary from inflammatory to neoplastic. In clinically alike dermatoses, skin biopsy is used to provide significant information to the pathologist and dermatologist. The aim of the study is to identify and discuss the histopathology of different types of skin lesions, as well as their prevalence, age, sex distribution and location of lesions among hospital patients and compare the results with other relevant studies. The study was a retrospective observational study undertaken for the duration of three years in the Pathology Department of a tertiary health care center. Skin biopsy slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin were studied and classified after a detailed histopathological study under light microscope. 178 cases of skin lesions in total were evaluated having a 1.5:1 male to female ratio. Nonneoplastic lesions constituted 30.33% of skin lesions, while benign and malignant tumors constituted 55.05% and 14.6% of skin lesions respectively. In neoplastic lesions, keratinocytic tumors were the most common tumor type. The most common malignant tumor was squamous cell carcinoma, whereas epidermal inclusion cyst was the most prevalent benign tumor. The head and neck were the most prevalent sites for skin lesions. Most of the skin lesions can be accurately diagnosed by histopathological evaluation of biopsy of lesions in combination with clinical findings.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2024.024
Nikhil P V, J. Minal, H. Edupuganti, Archana Shetty, S. Sandeepa, Sandhyarani Kanna Mahadev, Nidha Gaffoor, A. Muralidhar, Bhargavi K Nagabhushan, N. Murali
A good pathology museum is intended to strengthen the intellectual material for the undergraduate students and visits to a pathology museum are an indispensable part of teaching pathology to medical students. The preservation of anatomy of pathological specimen is of utmost importance as the new successful current methods of therapy are changing the picture of diseases beyond recognition. We aim to elaborate the processes, difficulties and challenges faced in developing and setting up the pathology museum in a nascent medical college in a rural area. The new museum was set up in accordance with the guidelines provided by the National Medical Commission in addition to the guidelines of the state university. Literature search and discussions with other medical colleges all over the country also played an important role in the setting up of the museum. Our effort is to present our experience as hands on experience for setting up a pathology museum from a scratch for the pathologists, students and the technicians and also to increase the awareness to utilize the museum for innovative and interactive learning sessions for students by usage of QR coded specimens, museum catalogues, interactive E-kiosks and maintaining of log books.
一个好的病理博物馆旨在加强本科生的知识素材，参观病理博物馆是医科学生病理教学不可或缺的一部分。保存病理标本的解剖结构至关重要，因为目前新的成功治疗方法正在改变疾病的面貌，使其面目全非。我们旨在阐述在农村地区一所新兴医学院开发和建立病理博物馆的过程、困难和挑战。新博物馆是根据国家医学委员会提供的指导方针和州立大学的指导方针建立的。在建立博物馆的过程中，文献搜索和与全国其他医学院的讨论也发挥了重要作用。我们的工作是向病理学家、学生和技术人员介绍我们从零开始建立病理博物馆的亲身经历，并通过使用 QR 编码标本、博物馆目录、互动式 E-kiosks 和维护日志，提高学生利用博物馆进行创新和互动学习的意识。
{"title":"Establishing pathology museum in a new medical college: Processes and challenges","authors":"Nikhil P V, J. Minal, H. Edupuganti, Archana Shetty, S. Sandeepa, Sandhyarani Kanna Mahadev, Nidha Gaffoor, A. Muralidhar, Bhargavi K Nagabhushan, N. Murali","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2024.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.024","url":null,"abstract":"A good pathology museum is intended to strengthen the intellectual material for the undergraduate students and visits to a pathology museum are an indispensable part of teaching pathology to medical students. The preservation of anatomy of pathological specimen is of utmost importance as the new successful current methods of therapy are changing the picture of diseases beyond recognition. We aim to elaborate the processes, difficulties and challenges faced in developing and setting up the pathology museum in a nascent medical college in a rural area. The new museum was set up in accordance with the guidelines provided by the National Medical Commission in addition to the guidelines of the state university. Literature search and discussions with other medical colleges all over the country also played an important role in the setting up of the museum. Our effort is to present our experience as hands on experience for setting up a pathology museum from a scratch for the pathologists, students and the technicians and also to increase the awareness to utilize the museum for innovative and interactive learning sessions for students by usage of QR coded specimens, museum catalogues, interactive E-kiosks and maintaining of log books.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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