Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.109
Bhabani Patnaik, S. Tripathy, Inuganti Gopal, Deepika Sahu
Gastric cancer is a life-threatening disease accounting for the one of the most common types of disease and second most that cause the cancer which lead to death. Many molecular markers were established as a possible prognostic factor apart from routine grading and TNM staging. The variable prognosis of gastric cancer within a pathological grade necessitates a newer marker which can be correlated with the prognosis and aggressiveness of the disease. ki-67 is a nuclear protein that is known as a marker of cellular proliferation and ribosomal RNA transcription. According to analysis, the ki-67 is a nuclear proliferation antigen affecting the health of the people as it cannot be cycle in the resting phase. Moreover, the fraction of ki-67 is clinical course of various cancers. To evaluate the expression of ki-67 LI in gastric cancer and correlate the findings with various clinico-pathological features.Prospective study was conducted from October 2018 to September 2021 at the department of Pathology, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha. Two sets of 3–4-micron thickness of tissue sections prepared from blocks of histologically confirmed cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were taken, one for routine H&E and other for ki-67 LI IHC study. IHC protocol of DAKO was followed along with DAB visualisation. The results were correlated with different clinico-pathological features of Gastric cancer. Higher ki-67 LI was correlated significantly with tumour location, histological grade and type but not with age and sex.In our study, IHC assessment of ki-67 LI correlates well with histological grade and type of tumour. ki-67 LI can be taken as a useful method in identifying aggressiveness of the tumour with an indication of adjuvant chemotherapy. Post-operative follow-up and large sample size could throw more light.
{"title":"Clinico-pathological evaluation of gastric adeno carcinoma with reference to ki-67 LI immuno-staining","authors":"Bhabani Patnaik, S. Tripathy, Inuganti Gopal, Deepika Sahu","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.109","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer is a life-threatening disease accounting for the one of the most common types of disease and second most that cause the cancer which lead to death. Many molecular markers were established as a possible prognostic factor apart from routine grading and TNM staging. The variable prognosis of gastric cancer within a pathological grade necessitates a newer marker which can be correlated with the prognosis and aggressiveness of the disease. ki-67 is a nuclear protein that is known as a marker of cellular proliferation and ribosomal RNA transcription. According to analysis, the ki-67 is a nuclear proliferation antigen affecting the health of the people as it cannot be cycle in the resting phase. Moreover, the fraction of ki-67 is clinical course of various cancers. To evaluate the expression of ki-67 LI in gastric cancer and correlate the findings with various clinico-pathological features.Prospective study was conducted from October 2018 to September 2021 at the department of Pathology, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha. Two sets of 3–4-micron thickness of tissue sections prepared from blocks of histologically confirmed cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were taken, one for routine H&E and other for ki-67 LI IHC study. IHC protocol of DAKO was followed along with DAB visualisation. The results were correlated with different clinico-pathological features of Gastric cancer. Higher ki-67 LI was correlated significantly with tumour location, histological grade and type but not with age and sex.In our study, IHC assessment of ki-67 LI correlates well with histological grade and type of tumour. ki-67 LI can be taken as a useful method in identifying aggressiveness of the tumour with an indication of adjuvant chemotherapy. Post-operative follow-up and large sample size could throw more light.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.151
S. Quazi, R. Siddiqui, Tanaji R Shende, Harshal Mahajan, A. Dashputra
Acute febrile illness (AFI) can be caused by various aetiologies. Different antimicrobials are available to be used depending on the cause. Also, there are interpersonal variations in the prescription of these antimicrobials. Antibiotic stewardship programs frequently employ antibiotic policies to reduce the needless use of drugs and improve management. As a result, the purpose of this study is to examine current patterns in the use of antibiotics in patients with acute febrile illness.It is an observational study based on records that were conducted at a tertiary care hospital. 300 patient case files with acute febrile illnesses were admitted to the Department of Medicine after analysing numerous etiologies for antibiotic usage. Antibiotics for different aetiologies of febrile sickness were noted in a case record form. Data collected were analysed for proportion to find the prescription pattern of antimicrobials.Respiratory tract infections, especially upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) (26.6%) are frequent clinical diseases for which antibiotics were administered followed by acute gastroenteritis (16%), urinary tract infection (UTI) (12.3%) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (9.6%), dengue fever (9%) & viral fever (8.3%). Ceftriaxone (20%) was one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotics and Piperacillin+ Tazobactum (16.25%) was followed by Amoxycillin + clavulanic acid (10.5%), Clarithromycin (8.5%), Cefuroxime (7.25%). According to our analysis, respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal infections were the two conditions for which antibiotics were most frequently administered. Third-generation cephalosporins, particularly ceftriaxone and cefixime, were the most frequently used antibiotics.
{"title":"Drug utilization study in acute febrile illnesses in a tertiary care hospital of central India","authors":"S. Quazi, R. Siddiqui, Tanaji R Shende, Harshal Mahajan, A. Dashputra","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.151","url":null,"abstract":"Acute febrile illness (AFI) can be caused by various aetiologies. Different antimicrobials are available to be used depending on the cause. Also, there are interpersonal variations in the prescription of these antimicrobials. Antibiotic stewardship programs frequently employ antibiotic policies to reduce the needless use of drugs and improve management. As a result, the purpose of this study is to examine current patterns in the use of antibiotics in patients with acute febrile illness.It is an observational study based on records that were conducted at a tertiary care hospital. 300 patient case files with acute febrile illnesses were admitted to the Department of Medicine after analysing numerous etiologies for antibiotic usage. Antibiotics for different aetiologies of febrile sickness were noted in a case record form. Data collected were analysed for proportion to find the prescription pattern of antimicrobials.Respiratory tract infections, especially upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) (26.6%) are frequent clinical diseases for which antibiotics were administered followed by acute gastroenteritis (16%), urinary tract infection (UTI) (12.3%) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (9.6%), dengue fever (9%) & viral fever (8.3%). Ceftriaxone (20%) was one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotics and Piperacillin+ Tazobactum (16.25%) was followed by Amoxycillin + clavulanic acid (10.5%), Clarithromycin (8.5%), Cefuroxime (7.25%). According to our analysis, respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal infections were the two conditions for which antibiotics were most frequently administered. Third-generation cephalosporins, particularly ceftriaxone and cefixime, were the most frequently used antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.141
Suman Tiwari, Tarana Sarwat, D. Kakru
Co-infection with dengue is posing a diagnostic challenge in dengue-endemic countries because of similar clinical symptoms & laboratory findings between COVID 19 and Dengue infection. This co-infection is a warning for dengue endemic regions to face the challenge of differentiating and managing two disease entities together as both show serological cross reactivity which can mislead the timely diagnosis and treatment and is associated with increased mortality. And if timely diagnosis is not made, it will spread the virus to other people as timely isolation will not be done.: Present study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 & dengue co-infection in a tertiary care centre and to compare the laboratory findings among patients of COVID-19, dengue and co-infection cases. : This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SMSR, Sharda Hospital and University. : This cross-sectional study was done on COVID-19 positive patients and dengue positive patients over the period of four months. Nasopharyngeal/ oropharyngeal swabs were subjected to RT-PCR for COVID-19 infection and serum samples of the patients were used for performing rapid card test for dengue infection. : The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and presented in form of tables and graphs. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Out of 45 cases with COVID-19 & DENV co-infection, age group 40-70yrs constitute 62.2% of cases. 24.4% (11 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed leucopenia. 62.2% (28 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed lymphopenia. 64.4% (29 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed increased levels of D-Dimer. 48.9% (22 patients) out of 45 co-infection cases developed thrombocytopenia. : In dengue-endemic regions like India overlapping out-breaks of dengue & COVID-19 infection, poses a challenge for accurate diagnosis & treatment because of similarities in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.
{"title":"Sars-cov-2 and denv co-infection: Diagnostic challenge and curse on overloaded health care system","authors":"Suman Tiwari, Tarana Sarwat, D. Kakru","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.141","url":null,"abstract":"Co-infection with dengue is posing a diagnostic challenge in dengue-endemic countries because of similar clinical symptoms & laboratory findings between COVID 19 and Dengue infection. This co-infection is a warning for dengue endemic regions to face the challenge of differentiating and managing two disease entities together as both show serological cross reactivity which can mislead the timely diagnosis and treatment and is associated with increased mortality. And if timely diagnosis is not made, it will spread the virus to other people as timely isolation will not be done.: Present study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 & dengue co-infection in a tertiary care centre and to compare the laboratory findings among patients of COVID-19, dengue and co-infection cases. : This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SMSR, Sharda Hospital and University. : This cross-sectional study was done on COVID-19 positive patients and dengue positive patients over the period of four months. Nasopharyngeal/ oropharyngeal swabs were subjected to RT-PCR for COVID-19 infection and serum samples of the patients were used for performing rapid card test for dengue infection. : The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and presented in form of tables and graphs. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Out of 45 cases with COVID-19 & DENV co-infection, age group 40-70yrs constitute 62.2% of cases. 24.4% (11 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed leucopenia. 62.2% (28 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed lymphopenia. 64.4% (29 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed increased levels of D-Dimer. 48.9% (22 patients) out of 45 co-infection cases developed thrombocytopenia. : In dengue-endemic regions like India overlapping out-breaks of dengue & COVID-19 infection, poses a challenge for accurate diagnosis & treatment because of similarities in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"10 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.129
Saurabh Kothari, Varun Shetty, M. Bhori
Renal failure can stem from various conditions, and detecting biomarkers associated with obesity-related disorders is crucial for early identification of the risk of renal failure and timely intervention in obese individuals. Though different studies have depicted a relationship between obesity, metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular outcomes but there is scarcity of evidence in the Indian population as there are no published data comparing this condition in hypertensive patients with or without excess BMI. Thus, we designed a prospective study to determine the prevalence of renal insufficiency in a tertiary care hospital by correlating various socio demographic and clinical risk factors. A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We conducted a clinical and biochemical profiling to evaluate renal insufficiency in subjects.: The mean duration of HTN in obese hypertensive patients were 7.50 ± 3.86 years and in non-obese hypertensive patients it was 7.22 ± 4.09 years. The mean systolic blood pressure recorded in obese and non-obese patients was 136.36 ± 12.17 and 138 ± 14.64 mm Hg respectively. Prevalence of renal insufficiency in obese and non-obese patients was found 30% and 20% respectively. We can conclude on the basis of obtained results, hypertension is one of the major risk factors in the development of renal insufficiencies, and the presence of obesity may further increase its prevalence rate of kidney diseases.
{"title":"Clinical profile and comparison of renal insufficiency in obese and non-obese hypertensive patients: A cross-sectional comparative study","authors":"Saurabh Kothari, Varun Shetty, M. Bhori","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.129","url":null,"abstract":"Renal failure can stem from various conditions, and detecting biomarkers associated with obesity-related disorders is crucial for early identification of the risk of renal failure and timely intervention in obese individuals. Though different studies have depicted a relationship between obesity, metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular outcomes but there is scarcity of evidence in the Indian population as there are no published data comparing this condition in hypertensive patients with or without excess BMI. Thus, we designed a prospective study to determine the prevalence of renal insufficiency in a tertiary care hospital by correlating various socio demographic and clinical risk factors. A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We conducted a clinical and biochemical profiling to evaluate renal insufficiency in subjects.: The mean duration of HTN in obese hypertensive patients were 7.50 ± 3.86 years and in non-obese hypertensive patients it was 7.22 ± 4.09 years. The mean systolic blood pressure recorded in obese and non-obese patients was 136.36 ± 12.17 and 138 ± 14.64 mm Hg respectively. Prevalence of renal insufficiency in obese and non-obese patients was found 30% and 20% respectively. We can conclude on the basis of obtained results, hypertension is one of the major risk factors in the development of renal insufficiencies, and the presence of obesity may further increase its prevalence rate of kidney diseases.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"84 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.137
Vidyanand Pandit, D. Sharma, Vivek Kumar Jain, Shashsank Tyagi
Diabetes Mellitus (DM), chronic metabolic disease and its complications are diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Systemic inflammation play a significant role and could lead to insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate NLR and PLR in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls. This prospective study, conducted in SRVS Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India. In this study, a total of 220 subjects were involved, among them 110 were T2DM patients were cases and 110 healthy subjects were controls. Demographic details, physical and clinical examination were done for all the study subjects. Under aseptic conditions, five ml of fasting venous blood sample was collected and aliquoted into plain (3ml) and EDTA (2 ml) tubes and allowed to clot and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The obtained serum sample was used for the estimation of fasting and post-prandial glucose, renal profile, lipid profile using commercially available autoanalyzer kits. Whole blood sample was used for the Complete Blood Count (CBC) in EDTA vials. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet to Lymphocyte (PLR) were calculated. Whole blood sample was used for the estimation of HbA1c and BMI was calculated.The variables were represented in Mean±SD. Categorical variables were represented in percentage. Spearman’s correlation was applied. The p value <0.05 considered as significant.In the current study, mean age 60.2±4.2 yrs, BMI 27.1±2.4 (kg/m), Systolic blood pressure 132.1±12.3 mmHg, Diastolic blood pressure 90.2±10.5 mmHg, fasting blood sugar (FBS) 169.7±19.3 mg/dl, Post-Prandial blood sugar 238.1±39.5 mg/dl, HbA1c 7.9±0.8 %, Serum Urea 36.1±7.1 mg/dl, Creatinine 1.0±0.3 mg/dl, UA 6.5±2.3 mg/dl, Serum Total Cholesterol 241.1±30.5 mg/dl, Serum Triglycerides 170.0±16.2 mg/dl, Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) 176.4±35.2 mg/dl, Serum very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) 34.1±3.2 mg/dl, Lymphocytes 17.2±4.1 %, NLR 6.7±2.3 and PLR 19.1±6.9 were significantly increased in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) cases whereas high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) 30.7±3.9 mg/dl was significantly decreased in T2DM cases.The present study results may conclude that increased NLR and PLR may be used as a markers for inflammation in T2DM. These may serve as an alternative to the other costly inflammatory markers.
{"title":"Evaluation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Vidyanand Pandit, D. Sharma, Vivek Kumar Jain, Shashsank Tyagi","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.137","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus (DM), chronic metabolic disease and its complications are diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Systemic inflammation play a significant role and could lead to insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate NLR and PLR in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls. This prospective study, conducted in SRVS Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India. In this study, a total of 220 subjects were involved, among them 110 were T2DM patients were cases and 110 healthy subjects were controls. Demographic details, physical and clinical examination were done for all the study subjects. Under aseptic conditions, five ml of fasting venous blood sample was collected and aliquoted into plain (3ml) and EDTA (2 ml) tubes and allowed to clot and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The obtained serum sample was used for the estimation of fasting and post-prandial glucose, renal profile, lipid profile using commercially available autoanalyzer kits. Whole blood sample was used for the Complete Blood Count (CBC) in EDTA vials. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet to Lymphocyte (PLR) were calculated. Whole blood sample was used for the estimation of HbA1c and BMI was calculated.The variables were represented in Mean±SD. Categorical variables were represented in percentage. Spearman’s correlation was applied. The p value <0.05 considered as significant.In the current study, mean age 60.2±4.2 yrs, BMI 27.1±2.4 (kg/m), Systolic blood pressure 132.1±12.3 mmHg, Diastolic blood pressure 90.2±10.5 mmHg, fasting blood sugar (FBS) 169.7±19.3 mg/dl, Post-Prandial blood sugar 238.1±39.5 mg/dl, HbA1c 7.9±0.8 %, Serum Urea 36.1±7.1 mg/dl, Creatinine 1.0±0.3 mg/dl, UA 6.5±2.3 mg/dl, Serum Total Cholesterol 241.1±30.5 mg/dl, Serum Triglycerides 170.0±16.2 mg/dl, Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) 176.4±35.2 mg/dl, Serum very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) 34.1±3.2 mg/dl, Lymphocytes 17.2±4.1 %, NLR 6.7±2.3 and PLR 19.1±6.9 were significantly increased in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) cases whereas high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) 30.7±3.9 mg/dl was significantly decreased in T2DM cases.The present study results may conclude that increased NLR and PLR may be used as a markers for inflammation in T2DM. These may serve as an alternative to the other costly inflammatory markers.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Any alteration in frequency, flow duration/blood loss amount of menstruation is known as Abnormal uterine bleeding/AUB. Almost 30% of all patient attending gynaecology OPD are for AUB. This study was conducted in Vindhya region to study endometrial histopathology amongst women complaining of abnormal bleeding pattern: This retrospective study was conducted on 200 women presenting with AUB who undergone endometrial biopsy or hysterectomy in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department and sent to Histopathology section of Pathology department, SSMC, Rewa (MP) from Jan 2020 to June 2021. The formalin fixed specimens were received grossing done, followed by processing and then staining with H& E stain, followed by microscopy. Data & history was taken from the patient herself and attenders.: AUB was observed in all age groups. Menorrhagia (105 patients, 52.5%) was commonest bleeding pattern observed in cases of AUB, followed by Metrorrhagia (54 patients, 27%). In our study Proliferative endometrium (71 patients,35.5%) was most common histopathological diagnosis found, followed by Non-Atypical endometrial Hyperplasia (45 patients, 22.5%), Secretory phase (20 patients,10%), DPE (20 patients,10%), Atrophic endometrium (12 patients,6%), Exogenous hormone (pill endometrium 10 patients, 5%), Benign Adenomatous polyp (9 patients, 4.5%), Atypical endometrial Hyperplasia (5 patients, 2.5%), chronic endometritis (5 patients, 2.5%), Endometrial carcinoma (3 patients, 1.5%).Variable Histopathological findings are found in endometrial biopsy and curettage done in AUB patient. This study emphasizes the significance of endometrial biopsy and its histopathological diagnosis for proper patient management.
{"title":"Histopathology of endometrium in women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding in Vindhya region","authors":"Medha Singh Tiwari, Priyanka Agrawal, S.K Sutrakar, Santosh Singh, Neha Khatik","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.112","url":null,"abstract":": Any alteration in frequency, flow duration/blood loss amount of menstruation is known as Abnormal uterine bleeding/AUB. Almost 30% of all patient attending gynaecology OPD are for AUB. This study was conducted in Vindhya region to study endometrial histopathology amongst women complaining of abnormal bleeding pattern: This retrospective study was conducted on 200 women presenting with AUB who undergone endometrial biopsy or hysterectomy in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department and sent to Histopathology section of Pathology department, SSMC, Rewa (MP) from Jan 2020 to June 2021. The formalin fixed specimens were received grossing done, followed by processing and then staining with H& E stain, followed by microscopy. Data & history was taken from the patient herself and attenders.: AUB was observed in all age groups. Menorrhagia (105 patients, 52.5%) was commonest bleeding pattern observed in cases of AUB, followed by Metrorrhagia (54 patients, 27%). In our study Proliferative endometrium (71 patients,35.5%) was most common histopathological diagnosis found, followed by Non-Atypical endometrial Hyperplasia (45 patients, 22.5%), Secretory phase (20 patients,10%), DPE (20 patients,10%), Atrophic endometrium (12 patients,6%), Exogenous hormone (pill endometrium 10 patients, 5%), Benign Adenomatous polyp (9 patients, 4.5%), Atypical endometrial Hyperplasia (5 patients, 2.5%), chronic endometritis (5 patients, 2.5%), Endometrial carcinoma (3 patients, 1.5%).Variable Histopathological findings are found in endometrial biopsy and curettage done in AUB patient. This study emphasizes the significance of endometrial biopsy and its histopathological diagnosis for proper patient management.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"174 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.121
Supriya P Savant, Vinay Naik, Prakash H M
Head and neck swellings are a very common presentation encountered by clinicians and patients across all age groups. Various lesions give rise to head and neck lumps. Swellings can arise from soft tissues, lymph nodes, thyroid gland, salivary glands etc. FNAC being minimally invasive, quick and inexpensive helps in differential diagnosis of head and neck masses.A retrospective study was conducted at Karwar institute of medical sciences Karwar from January 2018 to December 2021 in coastal population, to evaluate the role of FNAC in palpable head and neck masses and also to study their distribution and To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in diagnosing Head and neck lesions and cyto-histopathological correlation (wherever possible). 500 patients with head and neck swelling underwent FNAC. FNAC diagnosis was correlated with detailed clinical history and investigations. Out of 500 fine needle aspiration procedures 35.6% (178) were of lymph node, 33.8% (169) were of thyroid, 9.6% from salivary gland (48), 17.8% (89) from skin and soft tissue swellings and 3.2% (16) inconclusive. The present study concluded that most of the swellings in head and neck region are benign and affect females more than males. Overall accuracy rate more than 90% and diagnostic accuracy in differentiating non-neoplastic lesions from neoplastic lesions is well established. Our study found that fine needle aspiration cytology to be an easy, safe, rapid, convenient, least invasive, accurate and relatively complication-free outpatient method for diagnosis of lesions of the head and neck
头颈部肿块是临床医生和各年龄段患者都会遇到的一种非常常见的症状。引起头颈部肿块的病变多种多样。肿块可能来自软组织、淋巴结、甲状腺、唾液腺等。2018 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月，一项回顾性研究在卡尔瓦医学科学研究所（Karwar institute of medical sciences Karwar）进行，研究对象为沿海居民，目的是评估 FNAC 在可触及的头颈部肿块中的作用，同时研究其分布情况，并评估 FNAC 在诊断头颈部病变中的诊断准确性、敏感性和特异性，以及细胞组织病理学相关性（在可能的情况下）。500 名头颈部肿物患者接受了 FNAC 检查。FNAC 诊断与详细的临床病史和检查结果相关联。在 500 例细针穿刺术中，35.6%（178 例）为淋巴结肿块，33.8%（169 例）为甲状腺肿块，9.6%（48 例）为唾液腺肿块，17.8%（89 例）为皮肤和软组织肿块，3.2%（16 例）为不确定肿块。本研究的结论是，头颈部肿物大多为良性，女性发病率高于男性。总体准确率超过 90%，区分非肿瘤性病变和肿瘤性病变的诊断准确性已得到公认。我们的研究发现，细针穿刺细胞学是诊断头颈部病变的一种简单、安全、快速、方便、微创、准确且相对无并发症的门诊方法。
{"title":"Role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in head and neck lesions in coastal population at a tertiary care hospital – A study of 500 cases","authors":"Supriya P Savant, Vinay Naik, Prakash H M","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.121","url":null,"abstract":"Head and neck swellings are a very common presentation encountered by clinicians and patients across all age groups. Various lesions give rise to head and neck lumps. Swellings can arise from soft tissues, lymph nodes, thyroid gland, salivary glands etc. FNAC being minimally invasive, quick and inexpensive helps in differential diagnosis of head and neck masses.A retrospective study was conducted at Karwar institute of medical sciences Karwar from January 2018 to December 2021 in coastal population, to evaluate the role of FNAC in palpable head and neck masses and also to study their distribution and To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in diagnosing Head and neck lesions and cyto-histopathological correlation (wherever possible). 500 patients with head and neck swelling underwent FNAC. FNAC diagnosis was correlated with detailed clinical history and investigations. Out of 500 fine needle aspiration procedures 35.6% (178) were of lymph node, 33.8% (169) were of thyroid, 9.6% from salivary gland (48), 17.8% (89) from skin and soft tissue swellings and 3.2% (16) inconclusive. The present study concluded that most of the swellings in head and neck region are benign and affect females more than males. Overall accuracy rate more than 90% and diagnostic accuracy in differentiating non-neoplastic lesions from neoplastic lesions is well established. Our study found that fine needle aspiration cytology to be an easy, safe, rapid, convenient, least invasive, accurate and relatively complication-free outpatient method for diagnosis of lesions of the head and neck","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139001285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.145
I. M. J. Edward, S. Sureshkumar, D. R. Pandian, S. Ganapathy
Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a ubiquitous medical condition that has both individual and financial impacts, severely affecting the quality of life. A fungus instigated CRS is fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is becoming increasingly incident in recent years. However, the lack of knowledge in the etiology, pathogenesis, and natural history of the FRS complicates the disease management plan. : To study the prevalence of Fungal Diseases in all cases of Sinonasal polyposis and chronic rhino-sinusitis admitted for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: This research focuses on the clinical, microbiological, and radiological analysis of FRS patients for two years. Age, gender, and occupational categorization of FRS patients were done and assessed the risk factors were based on sinus involvements based on radiology and systemic diseases. : The incidence of FRS in 156 patients was higher in males within the age group of 30-40 (28%) and lower economic groups (38%). Symptoms like nasal obstruction (85%) and headache (56%) were predominantly observed. The involvement of multiple sinuses was confirmed through radiology studies. Microbiological tests revealed fungi in 18 samples (11.5%) through direct culture results and potassium hydroxide mount culture study. While Aspergillus genus pre-dominated etiological identification, A. flavus was more common in occurrence (65%), owing to the environment and living conditions that favor the exposure of spores. A recurrence study post-study period came up negative. : A detailed pathophysiological analysis could improve the understanding of the disease prognosis that could avoid developing complications and indiscreet administration of antibiotics, thereby improving the quality of life.
{"title":"A clinicopathological study of fungal diseases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and sinonasal polyposis","authors":"I. M. J. Edward, S. Sureshkumar, D. R. Pandian, S. Ganapathy","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.145","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a ubiquitous medical condition that has both individual and financial impacts, severely affecting the quality of life. A fungus instigated CRS is fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is becoming increasingly incident in recent years. However, the lack of knowledge in the etiology, pathogenesis, and natural history of the FRS complicates the disease management plan. : To study the prevalence of Fungal Diseases in all cases of Sinonasal polyposis and chronic rhino-sinusitis admitted for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: This research focuses on the clinical, microbiological, and radiological analysis of FRS patients for two years. Age, gender, and occupational categorization of FRS patients were done and assessed the risk factors were based on sinus involvements based on radiology and systemic diseases. : The incidence of FRS in 156 patients was higher in males within the age group of 30-40 (28%) and lower economic groups (38%). Symptoms like nasal obstruction (85%) and headache (56%) were predominantly observed. The involvement of multiple sinuses was confirmed through radiology studies. Microbiological tests revealed fungi in 18 samples (11.5%) through direct culture results and potassium hydroxide mount culture study. While Aspergillus genus pre-dominated etiological identification, A. flavus was more common in occurrence (65%), owing to the environment and living conditions that favor the exposure of spores. A recurrence study post-study period came up negative. : A detailed pathophysiological analysis could improve the understanding of the disease prognosis that could avoid developing complications and indiscreet administration of antibiotics, thereby improving the quality of life.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"313 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.139
Tanmay K Mehta, Dharati T Shah, Jayshri D Pethani
Standard precautions are the backbone of any efficient infection control program. Compliance with standard precautions has been a major challenge for health care workers, especially in developing countries. To access the impact of the training program on health care workers (HCW) knowledge, attitude, and practice towards standard precautions. We conducted an interventional Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) study among 150 HCW (50 Doctors, 50 Nurses, and 50 Technicians) in a tertiary care hospital from June 2019 to December 2019. We carried out educational interventions through training sessions with pre- and post-test questionnaires. We compared pre and post questionnaire mean scores to access the impact of short educational videos and seminars on HCWs using unpaired t-tests.HCWs have poor KAP on important aspects of standard precautions. Pre-intervention KAP mean scores were highest among doctors, followed by lab technicians and nurses. After training intervention, improvement in knowledge, attitude, and practice among all 3 types of HCWs were statistically significant (P-value <0.005, unpaired t-test). Low pre-intervention knowledge and attitude practice scores regarding standard precautions among doctors, nurses, and lab technicians were improved after training significantly. Hence, we recommend training programs regarding standard precautions should be regularly conducted in health-care facilities to promote good infection control practices and mitigate the risk of hospital-acquired infection. This has future implications in terms of reduced morbidity and mortality in resource limited settings.
标准预防措施是任何高效感染控制计划的支柱。遵守标准预防措施一直是医护人员面临的一大挑战，尤其是在发展中国家。为了了解培训计划对医护人员（HCW）标准预防知识、态度和实践的影响。我们于 2019 年 6 月至 2019 年 12 月在一家三甲医院的 150 名医护人员（50 名医生、50 名护士和 50 名技术人员）中开展了一项知识、态度和实践（KAP）干预研究。我们通过培训课程和前后测试问卷进行了教育干预。我们使用非配对 t 检验比较了前后问卷的平均得分，以了解教育短片和研讨会对医护人员的影响。干预前，医生的 KAP 平均得分最高，其次是实验室技术人员和护士。培训干预后，所有三类医护人员在知识、态度和实践方面的改善均有统计学意义（P 值<0.005，非配对 t 检验）。医生、护士和实验室技术人员在干预前对标准预防措施的知识和态度实践得分较低，但在培训后有了明显改善。因此，我们建议在医疗机构中定期开展有关标准预防措施的培训项目，以促进良好的感染控制措施，降低医院感染的风险。这对于在资源有限的环境中降低发病率和死亡率具有重要意义。
{"title":"Interventional knowledge, attitude and practice study of standard precautions among health care workers at a tertiary care hospital in Western India","authors":"Tanmay K Mehta, Dharati T Shah, Jayshri D Pethani","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.139","url":null,"abstract":"Standard precautions are the backbone of any efficient infection control program. Compliance with standard precautions has been a major challenge for health care workers, especially in developing countries. To access the impact of the training program on health care workers (HCW) knowledge, attitude, and practice towards standard precautions. We conducted an interventional Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) study among 150 HCW (50 Doctors, 50 Nurses, and 50 Technicians) in a tertiary care hospital from June 2019 to December 2019. We carried out educational interventions through training sessions with pre- and post-test questionnaires. We compared pre and post questionnaire mean scores to access the impact of short educational videos and seminars on HCWs using unpaired t-tests.HCWs have poor KAP on important aspects of standard precautions. Pre-intervention KAP mean scores were highest among doctors, followed by lab technicians and nurses. After training intervention, improvement in knowledge, attitude, and practice among all 3 types of HCWs were statistically significant (P-value <0.005, unpaired t-test). Low pre-intervention knowledge and attitude practice scores regarding standard precautions among doctors, nurses, and lab technicians were improved after training significantly. Hence, we recommend training programs regarding standard precautions should be regularly conducted in health-care facilities to promote good infection control practices and mitigate the risk of hospital-acquired infection. This has future implications in terms of reduced morbidity and mortality in resource limited settings.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.140
K.V. Phani Madhavi, P. Padmalatha, P. S. Nag
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common diagnoses in hospitalized patients in industrialized countries. The early (30-day) mortality rate from AMI is ~30%, with more than half of these deaths occurring before the stricken individual reaches the hospital.When patients present with acute coronary syndrome, The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded by the alarmed general practitioner or ambulance staff is a pivotal diagnostic and triage tool since it is at the center of the decision pathway for management. In this study the accuracy of ECG in identifying the culprit artery was determined by comparing ECG finding with angiography finding which is a direct visualization procedure.To assess the value of electrocardiogram in predicting the culprit artery in acute ST elevation MI and correlating with coronary angiogram finding. A Cross Sectional Observational study was carried out for a period of 11months from February 2021 to December 2021 among 100 Patients admitted to ICCU, Dept of Cardiology, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam who were diagnosed with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The accuracy of ECG in identifying the culprit artery was determined by comparing ECG finding with angiography finding which is a direct visualization procedure. The sensitivity of ECG in predicting LAD as infarct related artery when compared to CAG, which was taken as standard test is 94.10%, specificity 89.79% the positive predictive value is 90.56% and the negative predictive value is 93.61%. In the present study, ECG well correlated with CAG (90.56%) in predicting LAD as infarct related artery.
{"title":"Prediction of culprit artery from ECG in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction and correlating with coronary angiography","authors":"K.V. Phani Madhavi, P. Padmalatha, P. S. Nag","doi":"10.18231/j.pjms.2023.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.140","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common diagnoses in hospitalized patients in industrialized countries. The early (30-day) mortality rate from AMI is ~30%, with more than half of these deaths occurring before the stricken individual reaches the hospital.When patients present with acute coronary syndrome, The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded by the alarmed general practitioner or ambulance staff is a pivotal diagnostic and triage tool since it is at the center of the decision pathway for management. In this study the accuracy of ECG in identifying the culprit artery was determined by comparing ECG finding with angiography finding which is a direct visualization procedure.To assess the value of electrocardiogram in predicting the culprit artery in acute ST elevation MI and correlating with coronary angiogram finding. A Cross Sectional Observational study was carried out for a period of 11months from February 2021 to December 2021 among 100 Patients admitted to ICCU, Dept of Cardiology, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam who were diagnosed with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The accuracy of ECG in identifying the culprit artery was determined by comparing ECG finding with angiography finding which is a direct visualization procedure. The sensitivity of ECG in predicting LAD as infarct related artery when compared to CAG, which was taken as standard test is 94.10%, specificity 89.79% the positive predictive value is 90.56% and the negative predictive value is 93.61%. In the present study, ECG well correlated with CAG (90.56%) in predicting LAD as infarct related artery.","PeriodicalId":30643,"journal":{"name":"PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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