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Pemikiran Hukum Islam dan Epistemologi Teologi Pluralistik 伊斯兰法思想与多元神学认识论
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2016.11.1.188-211
Ramlani Lina Sinaulan
This article aims to examine the contribution of Islamic epistemology in a pluralistic life within increasing social problems that lead to violence in the name of religion. All people agree that the acts of violence in the name of religion was not justified by religions, including Islam. Islam should provide solution for the establishment of peace, tranquility, and serenity in diversity. Therefore, we should understand Islam as a science, so that the act of violence in the name of religion can be reduced through proper understanding. Pluralistic theology has been studied for long review, although not very deeply. This article, accordingly, describes some key terms in understanding the epistemology of pluralistic theology which is expected to contribute to the development of science that can give realistic solution to the problem of violence in the name of religion.
本文旨在考察伊斯兰认识论在多元生活中日益增加的社会问题中的贡献,这些问题导致以宗教名义的暴力。所有人都同意,以宗教名义进行的暴力行为是不合理的,包括伊斯兰教在内。伊斯兰教应该为在多样性中建立和平、安宁和宁静提供解决方案。因此,我们应该把伊斯兰教作为一门科学来理解,这样才能通过正确的理解来减少以宗教为名的暴力行为。多元神学已经被研究了很长时间,虽然不是很深入。因此,本文描述了理解多元神学认识论的一些关键术语,以期有助于科学的发展,为宗教名义下的暴力问题提供现实的解决办法。
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引用次数: 0
Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo sebagai Sekolah Berkategori The Outstanding School of Muhammadiyah Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo被评为穆罕默迪耶杰出学校
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2016.11.1.211-236
Hidayatulloh Hidayatulloh
This article examines about improving the education quality of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo as the Outstanding School of Muhammadiyah. This article reveals that the quality improvement of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo was conducted through: the arrangement of school program and self evaluation, the reinforcement of vision, mission and education objective, the reinforcement of leadership and teamwork, the improvement of teachers and educators competence, the improvement learners quality input, the development of curriculum and learning, the development of school culture, the development of facilities and infrastructure, the development of community service, the cooperation of education and student exchange, the mobilization of education funding resources, the develop-ment of SIM, monitoring and evaluation, and education quality system. The management quality of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo was run through input-process-output formula. The process of quality containes the process of quality planning, main process, supporting process, dan quality improvement process. Factors supporting the quality improvement are: Muhammadiyah’s popular name, the doctrine of education quality improvement, the leadership of TORSIE paradigm, the school academicians’ spirit of gaining achievement, the synergy of school academicians, the appropriate facilities, and the supports of all stakeholders.
本文考察了作为默罕默迪亚优秀学校的SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo如何提高其教育质量。本文揭示SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo的质量改进是通过:学校计划和自我评价的安排,愿景、使命和教育目标的强化,领导力和团队合作的加强,教师和教育者能力的提高,学习者素质投入的提高,课程和学习的发展,学校文化的发展,设施和基础设施的发展,社区服务的发展,教育和学生交流的合作,调动教育经费资源、发展全民教育、监测和评估以及教育质量体系。SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo的管理质量通过投入-过程-产出公式进行计算。质量过程包括质量策划过程、主要过程、支持过程、质量改进过程。支持质量改进的因素是:穆罕默迪亚的流行名称、教育质量改进的学说、TORSIE范式的领导、学院院士的成就精神、学院院士的协同作用、适当的设施和所有利益相关者的支持。
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引用次数: 1
Gender Mainstreaming dalam Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam Tahun 2010-2014 2010-2014年伊斯兰教育政策中的性别主流化
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2016.11.1.74-103
Ainur Rofi’ah
This article examines the gender mainstreaming in Islamic education policy for 2010-2014 adopted by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this article explores the extent of the strategic plan of the Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2010-2014, especially policies that are gender neutral and gender responsive policies. The author under-lines that the government needs to undertake the planning policies or programs that are more responsive to gender. One of the strategies adopted to fulfill the practical and strategic needs in this context is through Gender Mainstreaming which is implemented in relevant and signifi-cant programs. The author also asserts that Gender Mainstreaming in Islamic education is very necessary. Norms that have been frequently used as a reference for the gender policy should be reconsidered. This is to ensure that policies are drawn right on target, though—all parties must realize that—the uniform policy cannot necessarily be applied because of gender roles, however, differ both between places, time and socio-economic class.
本文考察了印度尼西亚共和国宗教事务部通过的2010-2014年伊斯兰教育政策中的性别主流化问题。本文采用定性描述的方法,探讨了宗教事务部2010-2014年战略计划的范围,特别是性别中立和促进性别平等的政策。作者强调,政府需要采取对性别问题更敏感的规划政策或方案。为满足这方面的实际和战略需要而采取的战略之一是在相关和重要的方案中实施性别主流化。作者还断言,伊斯兰教育中的性别主流化是非常必要的。应重新考虑经常用作性别政策参考的规范。这是为了确保政策的制定符合目标,尽管所有各方都必须认识到,统一的政策不一定适用,因为性别角色在地点、时间和社会经济阶层之间都是不同的。
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引用次数: 1
Pemikiran Fiqh Ahmad Zahro tentang Istinbâṭ Manhajî sebagai Metode Perumusan Hukum Islam 菲克赫·艾哈迈德·扎赫罗关于伊斯兰教法传播方法的思考
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2016.11.1.129-157
Siti Maryam Qurotul Aini
This article examines how Ahmad Zahro establishes the concept of practical use of istinbâṭ manhaji in the establishment of Islamic law. In this case, although Zahro claims himself as a follower of a particular school in the field of fiqh, he chooses to use the manhaji method, because this method is seen as being able to provide solutions to contemporary legal problems. The philoso-phical-juridical foundation built in his fiqh is maqâṣid al-shari‘ah and al-maṣlaḥah al-mursalah while considering the level of legal sources as famous among mazhab scholars respectively; al-Qur’ân, al-Sunnah, qiyâs, al-istiḥlâṣ, al-‘urf, al-istisḥâb, etc., which are formulated as an operational instrument in istinbâṭ al-ḥukm. Among Indonesian Muslims, there are differences in approach to the use of istinbâṭ al-ḥukm; NU ulama use qawli approach, while Muhammadiyah ulama frequently use manhaji approach. Therefore, Zahro specifically believes that what he initiates is an attempt to reconcile approaches of different schools of Muslim law by highlighting istinbâṭ manhaji as an option to establish an Islamic law.
本文考察Ahmad Zahro如何在伊斯兰教法的建立中确立istinb -曼哈吉的实际运用概念。在这种情况下,虽然Zahro声称自己是伊斯兰教领域某一学派的追随者,但他选择使用manhaji方法,因为这种方法被认为能够为当代法律问题提供解决方案。他的教法所建立的哲学-物理-法律基础分别是maqâṣid al-shari 'ah和al-maṣlaḥah al-mursalah,同时考虑到分别在马扎布学者中著名的法律来源水平;al- qur ' n, al- sunnah, qiy s, al-istiḥlâṣ, al- urf, al-istisḥâb等,这些都是istinb al-ḥukm中作为操作工具制定的。在印度尼西亚穆斯林中,使用istinb al-ḥukm的方法存在差异;NU乌拉玛使用qawli方法,而Muhammadiyah乌拉玛则经常使用manhaji方法。因此,Zahro特别认为,他所倡导的是通过强调伊斯兰教法作为建立伊斯兰教法的一种选择,来调和不同穆斯林教法学派的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Relasi Muslim dan Nasrani Terkait Pendirian Gereja di Wilayah Perumahan Non-Dinas TNI Angkatan Laut di Driyorejo Gresik 穆斯林关系和基督教会在Driyorejo Gresik的非服务住房区建立了教会
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2016.11.1.237-276
K. Kasno
This article examines the interfaith relation of Muslims and Christians in the process of establishment of churches in Perumahan Non-Dinas TNI Angkatan Laut in Driyorejo Gresik. The article concludes that the real inter-religious relation in Driyorejo is very good. It is characterized by a relationship of mutual respect and tolerance in order to implement the teachings of their respective religions in the area. This relationship functionally indicates that the process of adaptation is very good. The harmony of inter-religious relation contributes to the creation of an orderly and safe society. Social-religious elements can be integrated together to create a solid and unified society. The harmony can be achieved because their religious and cultural values of society emphasize the accommodation and tolerant attitude. The social problems associated with the establishment of churches in the Perumahan indeed could lead to social unrest. Borrowing structural-functionalist theory, it can be stated that systemic balance is likely to change because of the influence of extra system. The public unrest indicates that the system is experiencing instability. However, the social system has an internal control mechanism that can stabilize the system after disorder. In the case of the establishment of churches, the community tend to choose legal approach as a means of controlling or resolving conflict.
本文考察了位于德里约雷约格列西克的Perumahan Non-Dinas TNI Angkatan Laut教堂建立过程中穆斯林和基督徒的信仰间关系。文章的结论是,德里约雷霍的宗教间关系是很好的。它的特点是相互尊重和容忍的关系,以便在该地区执行各自宗教的教义。这种关系在功能上表明适应过程非常好。宗教间关系的和谐有助于建立一个有序和安全的社会。社会-宗教因素可以整合在一起,创造一个坚实而统一的社会。这种和谐之所以能够实现,是因为他们的宗教和社会文化价值观强调的是迁就和宽容的态度。与在Perumahan建立教堂有关的社会问题确实可能导致社会动荡。借用结构功能主义理论,系统平衡可能会因为额外系统的影响而发生变化。公众的不安表明这个体系正在经历不稳定。然而,社会系统有一个内部控制机制,可以在混乱之后稳定系统。在建立教会的情况下,社区倾向于选择法律途径作为控制或解决冲突的手段。
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引用次数: 0
Nilai-nilai Toleransi dalam Islam pada Buku Tematik Kurikulum 2013 2013年《库里库姆主题书》中的伊斯兰教宽容价值观
Pub Date : 2016-08-29 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2015.10.1.277-297
E. Rusydiyah, Eka Wahyuni Hidayati
This article discusses the values of tolerance found in the thematic text-book of 2013 curriculum. The thematic text-book has an important role in building students? character, especially regarding the values of tolerance. This article aims to answer questions concerning the design of tolerant attitude in the thematic text-book for class one of elementary school, the advantage and deficiency of the book, and solutions for thematic text-book regarding tolerant attitudes. As a study of documentation, this article deals with eight themes on thematic text-book for class one of elementary school. In analyzing the data, this study refers to seven indicators of tolerant attitude using content analysis method. This study concludes that the design of tolerant attitudes consists of respect, collaboration, help, friend-ship, equality, harmony, freedom of worship. The advantage of the text-book is its identification of seven indicators, while its deficiency is related to the presence of pictures contradictory to the values of tolerance. The solution for its deficiency is to revise the explanation of words in the negative pictures very to contradict the values of tolerance.
本文探讨了2013年课程主题教材中宽容的价值观。专题教材在培养学生素质方面具有重要作用。性格:性格,尤指关于宽容的价值观本文旨在回答小学一班专题教材中宽容态度的设计问题、教材的优势和不足,以及宽容态度专题教材的解决方案。本文以文献研究的方式,探讨了小学一年级专题教材的八个主题。在分析数据时,本研究采用内容分析法,选取宽容态度的七个指标。本研究认为,宽容态度的设计包括尊重、合作、帮助、友谊、平等、和谐、信仰自由。该教科书的优点是它确定了七项指标,而它的缺点是存在与容忍价值观相矛盾的图片。解决其不足的方法是修改负面图片中的文字解释,使其与宽容的价值观相矛盾。
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引用次数: 2
Hukuman Mati: Dari Tradisi Arab Menuju Hukum Al-Qur'an 死刑:从阿拉伯传统到古兰经
Pub Date : 2016-08-29 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2015.10.1.169-197
Dede Rodin
The death penalty is the most Islamic law get resistance in its implementation. This resistance appears among others as a result of the symbolic understanding on the death penalty without understanding what and why this punishment stipulated in the Qur?an. Therefore, this article intends to answer the fundamental questions; how the concept of the death penalty in the Qur?an. This article resulted that the death penalty is one model of inculturation of the Qur?an to the existing tradition, with a change of paradigm regarding moral values and a more humane law, among others: (1) the principle of enforcement, from the original law ?vengeance? (vendetta, lex talionis, tha?r) to ?reply in kind?; (2) The motive for murder, of which initially involves all kinds of murder -including war- be designed killing and hir?bah only; (3) The prosecution, of which the extended family into the nuclear family; (4) accountability, from the collective responsibility to individual responsibility.
死刑是伊斯兰教法在执行中最受到抵制的。除其他外,这种抵制是对死刑的象征性理解的结果,而不理解《古兰经》规定了这种惩罚的内容和原因。因此,本文试图回答一些根本性的问题;《古兰经》中死刑的概念是怎样的?本文的结论是,死刑是《古兰经》本土化的一种模式。对现有的传统,随着道德价值观范式的改变和更人性化的法律,其中包括:(1)执行原则,从原来的法律?复仇?(vendetta, lex talionis, that ?r)以牙还牙;(2)谋杀的动机,其最初涉及各种谋杀-包括战争-被设计的杀戮和伤害?呸;(3)起诉,其中大家庭变为核心家庭;(4)问责制,由集体责任向个人责任转变。
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引用次数: 0
Genealogi dan Transformasi Ideologi Partai berbasis Islam di Indonesia Pasca Orde Baru 印度尼西亚新秩序后的党的家谱和基于伊斯兰的政党意识形态的转变
Pub Date : 2016-08-29 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2015.10.1.27-55
M. F. Aminuddin, Romel Masykuri
Study of political Islam did not paid attention to observing the patterns of thought and its transformation in political organization. Even though some studies conducted and brought analysis with case study against specific in their respective political parties. This article departs from the question of how the genealogy of political Islam thought and how it transformed into Islamic-base political parties in democratic Indonesia? The unit of analysis of this study is Islamic-based parties, having a main support base from Islamic religious organizations and had seat in parliament since 1999 election. This study reveals an important finding that Islamic-based parties had been undertakes adaptation and transforming political Islam doctrinaire with more flexible. This is proven through the tracing of consistency between values, platform and the party's work program either in parliament or the public. This study combines historical discursive approach and genealogy as an analytical framework.
政治伊斯兰的研究没有注意观察政治组织中的思想模式及其转变。尽管一些研究针对各自政党的具体情况进行了案例分析。这篇文章脱离了政治伊斯兰思想的谱系,以及它如何在民主的印尼转化为以伊斯兰为基础的政党?本研究的分析单位是以伊斯兰为基础的政党,这些政党的主要支持基础是伊斯兰宗教组织,自1999年选举以来一直在议会中占有席位。本研究揭示了一个重要的发现,即以伊斯兰教为基础的政党一直在以更灵活的方式适应和转变政治伊斯兰教义。通过在议会或公众中追踪价值观、平台和党的工作计划之间的一致性,可以证明这一点。本研究结合了历史话语方法和系谱学作为分析框架。
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引用次数: 0
Harmoni Lintas Agama Masyarakat Tengger 腾格尔社会的跨宗教和谐
Pub Date : 2016-08-29 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2015.10.1.82-107
M. Hisyam, W. Ali
This paper attempts to closely portray interreligious harmony, especially between Muslim and Hindu community in Tengger, East Java. Tengger community are ingrained with their own culture and practicing their unique tradition. Through symbolic-interactionist approach, this paper supposes that this reality represents a cultural process which is simultaneously and flexibly flowing and growing. In the name of brotherhood and humanity, Tengger people are running their daily activities, discounting subjective differences among them. Sociologically, they are focusing on facing the reality as objective necessities where the self and the other are mutually understanding and complementing each other. In this regard, they have improved the way of interaction, from saya-and-mereka perspective to kami-andkita approach. Social activities and religious/cultural rites symbolically become communicative device of inter-relation among the people. Muslim and Hindu harmony in this community denotes multicultural interaction that entails social involvement of members of community. Tengger people, as an animal symbolicum, strive to construct, expand and (re)interpret the symbols for building harmony.
本文试图密切描绘宗教间的和谐,特别是在东爪哇腾格里的穆斯林和印度教社区之间。腾格里人的文化根深蒂固,实践着自己独特的传统。通过符号互动主义的研究方法,本文认为这一现实代表了一个同时灵活流动和成长的文化过程。腾格里人以兄弟情谊和人性的名义进行日常活动,忽略了他们之间的主观差异。在社会学上,他们关注的是把现实作为客观的必然性来面对,自我和他者相互理解,相互补充。在这方面,他们改进了互动的方式,从saya-and-mereka的角度到kami-and - kita的方式。社会活动和宗教/文化仪式象征性地成为人与人之间相互关系的交流工具。穆斯林和印度教徒在这个社区的和谐意味着多元文化的互动,需要社区成员的社会参与。腾格里人作为动物的象征,努力构建、扩展和(重新)诠释和谐的象征。
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引用次数: 1
Pemikiran Abdulkarim Soroush tentang Persoalan Otoritas Kebenaran Agama Abdulkarim Soroush对宗教真理权威的观点
Pub Date : 2016-08-29 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2015.10.1.56-81
B. Badarussyamsi
This article discusses the thought of Abdulkarim Soroush on the relation between the truth claim of religious understanding and the emergence of religious authoritarianism. Truth claim can raise the tyranny of religion when there is an attempt at the ideologization of a religious understanding to political and power sphere. Some questions to be answered here include: why does religious truth claim emerge, and how does Soroush deconstruct religious truth claim? Why does Soroush reject the paradigm of religious ideologization, and how does he promote the democratization of the relation between religion and politics? This article reveals that religious truth claim emerge due to the absence of consciousness to distinguish between religious understanding which is temporal and profan and the very religion which is eternal and sacred.? Attempts at ideologizing religion represent the lack of consciousness to distinguish between religion and politics, as this lack can degrade the divine value of religion to its worldly and human character. The ideologization of religion can result in tyranny in the name of religion, and accordingly give the monopoly of power to a certain religious understanding while rejecting others.
本文论述了苏鲁什关于宗教理解的真理主张与宗教威权主义产生的关系的思想。当试图将宗教理解意识形态化到政治和权力领域时,真理主张就会引发宗教的暴政。这里需要回答的一些问题包括:为什么宗教真理主张会出现,以及Soroush如何解构宗教真理主张?为什么索鲁什拒绝宗教意识形态化的范式,他又是如何推动宗教与政治关系的民主化的?本文揭示了宗教真理主张的出现,是由于缺乏区分世俗的宗教理解和永恒的神圣的宗教本身的意识。将宗教意识形态化的企图代表了缺乏区分宗教和政治的意识,因为这种缺乏会使宗教的神圣价值降低到其世俗和人性的特征。宗教的意识形态化会导致以宗教之名的暴政,从而使某种宗教理解独占权力,而排斥其他宗教理解。
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引用次数: 1
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Islamica Jurnal Studi Keislaman
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