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Rekonstruksi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Assunniyyah Jember Assunniyyah Jember的阿拉伯语学习重建
Pub Date : 2017-09-04 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2017.12.1.47-77
Abd. Haris
This article attempts to unravel the failure of Arabic learning in formal education institutions and tries to offer alternative solutions. The failure of formal education institutions in learning Arabic is mostly due to the lack of clarity in the vision of the policy makers on the position and significance of Arabic materials. This is reflected in the policy regarding the frequency of face-to-face learning, qualificat-ions of teaching staff, preparation of textbooks, and the position of Arabic language materials which are still not included in the category of national examination materials. The success of Assunniyyah Islamic Boarding School in Kencong Jember in learning Arabic is because they are able to present bī’ah ‘Arabīyah (Arabic milieu) in the pesantren, even though they use ta’zīr as one of their approaches. Formal education institutions are less successful, or even fail in learning Arabic because they fail to present bī’ah ‘Arabīyah in their neighborhood. There are many points that need to be addressed in the context of designing Arabic learning in the formal education environment, both related to the creation of the environment, teacher qualifications and standardization of textbooks as learning resources, or related to the position of Arabic as material that adequately deter-mines student graduation.
本文试图揭示正规教育机构阿拉伯语学习的失败,并试图提供替代的解决方案。正规教育机构在学习阿拉伯语方面的失败主要是由于政策制定者对阿拉伯语材料的立场和意义缺乏清晰的认识。这反映在关于面对面学习频率、教师资格、教材编制以及阿拉伯语材料位置的政策中,这些材料仍未被纳入国家考试材料类别。Kencong Jember的Assunniyah伊斯兰寄宿学校在学习阿拉伯语方面的成功是因为他们能够在pesantren中呈现bī'ah'Arabīyah(阿拉伯语环境),尽管他们使用ta'zīr作为他们的方法之一。正规教育机构在学习阿拉伯语方面不太成功,甚至失败,因为它们没有在附近展示bī'ah'Arabīyah。在设计正规教育环境中的阿拉伯语学习时,有许多问题需要解决,既与环境的创造、教师资格和教科书作为学习资源的标准化有关,也与阿拉伯语作为足以阻止学生毕业的材料的地位有关。
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引用次数: 0
Poligami perspektif ulama Banjar 班贾尔学者的一夫多妻制观点
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2018.12.2.176-205
Abdul Helim
This article attempts to discuss the views of Banjarese ‘ulama and the legal method used in responding to the issue of polygamy. The Banjarese ulama interviewed are nine. This study reveals the existence of different opinions among the Banjarese ulama. There are many ulama who accept polygamy, the minority being not too rigid in terms of conditions for polygamy, while the majority emphasize rigid conditions. However, there are ulama who reject polygamy due to various considerations and recent conditions. The desire to polygamy can be tolerated, but the conditions are required. The difference of opinions between the Banjarese ulama cannot be separated from the method of Islamic law used in understanding this phenomenon. If related to us } ūl alfiqh, most views of the Banjarese ulama with regard to polygamy can be concludedas using the method of istih } sān and dharī‘ah.
本文试图讨论Banjarse’ulama的观点以及在应对一夫多妻制问题时使用的法律方法。接受采访的Banjarse ulama有九个人。这项研究揭示了乌拉马人之间存在着不同的意见。有许多乌拉马人接受一夫多妻制,少数人在一夫多妻制的条件方面不太严格,而大多数人强调严格的条件。然而,也有一些乌拉玛人由于各种考虑和最近的情况而拒绝一夫多妻制。一夫多妻制的愿望是可以容忍的,但条件是必须的。Banjarse ulama之间的意见分歧与理解这一现象所使用的伊斯兰法律方法密不可分。如果与我们有关,Banjarse ulama关于一夫多妻制的大多数观点都可以用istihān和dharī'ah的方法得出结论。
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引用次数: 1
Artikel Dinamika Urban Sufisme di Indonesia: Continuity and Change dalam Majelis Shalawat Muhammad di Surabaya 文章印尼充满活力的城市苏菲主义:苏拉瓦特·穆罕默德在泗水的马杰利斯的延续与变化
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2017.12.1.78-105
Rubaidi Rubaidi
This paper discusses the phenomenon of urban sufism among the majelis Shalawat Muhammad under the murshid Gus Kahar in Surabaya with followers (disciples) spreading in various places especially East Java, even abroad. The theory of continuity and change is used to critically review Howell’s concept on urban sufism, and to present key concepts on sufism in its generic sense in terms of doctrine and empirical praxis. Although based in Surabaya, the doctrine and praxis of urban sufism in the Majelis Shalawat Muhammad reflects generic sufi teachings. The findings of this research reveal that the principle of continuity and change prevails in sufi tradition from time to time. This finding is different from Howell’s theory which stress on ritual dimension. The followers of Shalawat Muhammad emphasize more on education on the basis of praxis (sālik-sulūk, riyāḥah, and mujāhadah), in addition to the dimension of doctrine itself.
本文论述了泗水穆尔希德·古斯·卡哈尔统治下的沙拉瓦特·穆罕默德及其追随者(弟子)在各地特别是东爪哇乃至国外传播的城市苏菲主义现象。运用连续与变化理论对豪厄尔的城市苏菲主义概念进行了批判性的回顾,并从理论和实证两个方面提出了一般意义上的苏菲主义的关键概念。尽管以泗水为基地,但沙拉瓦特·穆罕默德的城市苏菲主义教义和实践反映了一般的苏菲教义。这项研究的结果揭示了苏菲传统中不时盛行的连续性和变化性原则。这一发现不同于豪厄尔强调仪式维度的理论。Shalawat Muhammad的追随者更多地强调基于实践的教育(sālik sulāk,riyāḥah和mujāhadah)。
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引用次数: 1
Implementasi Psikologi Humanistik Carl Rogers pada Tradisi Lokal Nyadran di Jambe Gemarang Kedunggalar Ngawi 人本主义心理学的实施——卡尔·罗杰斯对恩加维山詹贝地方传统尼亚德兰的阐释
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2018.12.2.127-154
Wiwik Setiyani
The article discusses nyadran celebration in the village of Jambe Gemarang Kedunggalar Ngawi with a humanistic psychology’s Carls Rogers. The community welcomes the enthusiasm for nyadran, because the event has meaning for abangan community in carrying out the ritual. The enthusiasm of the community with the preparation of ritual ritual: gambyong dance complete with sinden (handlebar), tumpeng, cleansing, offerings and drinks. The purpose of nyadran is for the safety and well-being of the village community of Jambe Gemarang. The humanistic psychology of Carls Rogers contributes to analyzing the implementation of nyadran in building relationships or communications among citizens. The community’s belief in rituals is significant, in particular the belief in sendang as a source of springs and large trees. The behavior of the people who believe in the ritual nyadran image of people who love local traditions and have a personality organism against the positive potentials of the community Jambe Gemarang. The nyadran ritual gives birth to a mature personality and a form of self-actualization of a prosperous society and has the pride of the nyadran tradition as (selfregard) formed from its experiences.
本文与人文心理学的Carls Rogers讨论了Jambe Gemarang Kedunggalar Ngawi村的nyadran庆典。社区欢迎人们对尼亚德兰的热情,因为该活动对阿班甘社区进行仪式具有意义。社区的热情与仪式的准备:甘永舞配以辛登(车把)、土棚、清洁、供品和饮料。nyadran的目的是为了Jambe Gemarang村社区的安全和福祉。罗杰斯的人本主义心理学有助于分析nyadran在公民之间建立关系或沟通方面的实施。该社区对仪式的信仰意义重大,尤其是对森当作为泉水和大树来源的信仰。信仰仪式的人的行为是一种热爱当地传统并拥有个性有机体的人的形象,与Jambe Gemarang社区的积极潜力背道而驰。尼亚德兰仪式孕育了一个成熟的人格和一种繁荣社会的自我实现形式,并具有尼亚德兰传统的自豪感,因为(自尊)是从其经历中形成的。
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引用次数: 4
Prinsip Ikrâm al-Muslim Gerakan Dakwah Jamaah Tabligh dalam Membangun Masyarakat Religius di Temboro Magetan 在坦博罗马吉坦建立宗教社会的伊斯兰运动
Pub Date : 2017-03-29 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2016.10.2.299-324
Moh. Yusuf
This article explores the Da‘wah Movement of Jamaah Tabligh in building religious community in Temboro Magetan. One one of the main teachings is the principle of ikrâm al-Muslim (honoring and respecting every Muslim). The principle makes the missionary movement acceptable to the Muslim community widely. This principle is really important for the creation of the unity of the Muslims in the name of ukhuwwah Islâmiyah (Islamic brotherhood). This principle prohibits a believer to guestion the religious stream, political choice, position, and social status and background of the individual community of individual Muslims. The principle eventually enables the tabligh community to adapt to different environments and preaching fileds in building religious community. Initially, people did not respond the tabligh mission in Temboro, but it did not dampen the spirit of tablighis to preach. They remain persistent and patient in fighting for the truth of Islam. Their goal is to liven the passion of high religiosity.
本文探讨了Jamaah tablighda 'wah运动在Temboro Magetan宗教社区建设中的作用。其中一个主要的教义是ikr穆斯林原则(尊重和尊重每一个穆斯林)。这一原则使得传教运动被穆斯林社会广泛接受。这一原则对于以伊斯兰兄弟会的名义建立穆斯林的团结是非常重要的。这一原则禁止信徒质疑穆斯林的宗教流、政治选择、立场、社会地位和背景。这一原则最终使餐桌社区在宗教社区建设中能够适应不同的环境和讲道领域。起初,人们并没有回应坦伯勒的餐桌宣教,但这并没有挫伤餐桌宣教的精神。他们坚持不懈,耐心地为伊斯兰的真理而战。他们的目标是激发高度宗教信仰的激情。
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引用次数: 2
Konsep Being Perspektif Filsafat dan Islam 作为哲学和伊斯兰视角的概念
Pub Date : 2017-03-27 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2017.11.2.522-544
Suhermanto Jakfar
This article discuss the concept of being in the perspective of existentialism and Islam. The closest similarity to the word “being” is to on (Ancient Greece), as the word of einai, to be (on, onta). For Parmenides, “being” (to on) is one, eternal and unchanging. Gabriel Marcel calls the way the human being with the term etre-au-monde, etre in carne, geist-in-welt.  Martin Heidegger uses a formula being in the world to characterize human life. Being in the world as a feature of human life, human beings are in the situation. Living in a world of concrete means that there are human relationships with the situation. Sartre said that the real one where there are two, namely: I’etre en soi and I’etre pour Soi. For Sartre, I’etre en soi is the idea that only a concrete phenomenon has ontological status; only something concrete is real. Unlike the being-in-itself, for Sartre the concept of being-for-itself is a state of being that comes with the awareness and self-control. The concept of being (wujud) by Suhrawardi is a mental concepts (mahfum) that do not have the type and diferensia. In the illumination philosophy of Suhrawardi, the idea of ​​wujud can not be separated from nature and depiction of light. The philosophy of wujud by Mulla Sadrâ stands on three basic principles of fundamental importance. These three principles are as follows: wahdat al-wujud, tashkik al-wujud, and tashkik. While Mohammad Iqbal emphasis on metaphysics and anthropological philosophy. Iqbal gives greater emphasis on more concrete dimensions, namely khudi (ego).
本文从存在主义和伊斯兰教的角度探讨存在的概念。与“being”最相似的词是on(古希腊),作为einai的词,to be (on, onta)。对巴门尼德来说,“存在”是唯一的、永恒的、不变的。加布里埃尔·马塞尔称人类的方式为“灵魂在世界”、“灵魂在世界”、“灵魂在世界”。海德格尔用一个“存在于世界”的公式来描述人类的生活。作为人类生活的一个特征,人在世界中是处于处境的。生活在一个具体的世界里意味着人类与环境有关系。萨特说,真实的存在有两种,即:我在这里,我在这里,我在这里,我在这里,我在这里。对萨特来说,“我是如此”是指只有具体的现象才具有本体论地位;只有具体的东西才是真实的。与自在存在不同,萨特认为自为存在的概念是一种伴随着意识和自我控制而来的存在状态。Suhrawardi的存在概念(wujud)是一个没有类型和差异的心理概念(mahfum)。在苏哈拉瓦第的照明哲学中,无物的思想与自然和对光的描绘是分不开的。穆拉·萨德尔的武举哲学建立在三个重要的基本原则之上。这三个原则是:wahdat al-wujud、tashkik al-wujud和tashkik。而穆罕默德·伊克巴尔强调形而上学和人类学哲学。伊克巴尔更加强调更具体的维度,即khudi(自我)。
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引用次数: 1
Pertarungan Kuasa dalam Wacana Islam Nusantara 努桑塔拉伊斯兰时代的权力斗争
Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2017.11.2.339-364
A. K. Fata, M. Ichwan
This article examines power struggle in the discourse of Islam Nusantara which becomes very popular in contemporary Indonesian Islam. The idea of Islam Nusantara is not different from Islam in general, but with distinctive charactericstics, such as tawâzun, i‘tidâl, and tawassut}. The proponents of this idea claim that their intellectual framework is based on the principle of maslah}ah mursalah, istih}sân, and ‘urf. Using critical discourse analysis, this article attempts to see the other side of Islam Nusantara discourse. This study is based on an assumption that language and discourse are not only an instrument to convey ideas, but also a means to construct social reality. Social activities are always related to and constructed by their social settings. This article argues that the discourse of Islam Nusantara emerges as a part of struggle for influence between mainstream Islamic movements, such as Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, and new transnational Islamic movements, such as Tarbiyah, Hizbut Tahrir, and Salafis. The use of the term Islam Nusantara is indeed the effort of mainstream Islamic movements to create the image of indigenous Islamic movements, different from the newly imported Islamic movements. However, the discourse of Islam Nusantara seems to be reductionist and monolithic in perceiving diverse realities of Islam in Nusantara.
本文考察了在当代印尼伊斯兰教中非常流行的伊斯兰教话语中的权力斗争。伊斯兰教Nusantara的思想与一般伊斯兰教没有什么不同,但具有鲜明的特色,如tawâzun、i’tidâl和tawasut}。这一思想的支持者声称,他们的思想框架是基于maslah}ah mursalah、istih}sân和'urf的原则。本文运用批判性话语分析的方法,试图看到伊斯兰教努桑塔拉话语的另一面。本研究假设语言和话语不仅是传达思想的工具,也是构建社会现实的手段。社会活动总是与其社会环境相关并由其构成。这篇文章认为,伊斯兰Nusantara的话语是伊斯兰主流运动(如Nahdlatul Ulama和Muhammadiyah)与新的跨国伊斯兰运动(如Tarbiyah、Hizbut Tahrir和Salafis)之间争夺影响力的斗争的一部分。伊斯兰努桑塔拉一词的使用确实是主流伊斯兰运动的努力,目的是创造土著伊斯兰运动的形象,不同于新输入的伊斯兰运动。然而,在理解努桑塔拉伊斯兰的不同现实时,努桑塔拉伊斯兰教的话语似乎是简化主义的和铁板一块的。
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引用次数: 4
Brotherhood dalam Dimensi Sistem Ekonomi Islam 伊斯兰经济体系维度下的兄弟情谊
Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2017.11.2.499-521
Fahrur Ulum
This article discusses the issue of brotherhood in Islamic economic system. The goal of Islamic economics is to create advantages (falâh}) for all economic man. To achieve this goal, Muslim economists have agreed to set up the philosophical pillars of Islamic economic system which consists of tawhid, ‘ibâdah, khilâfah, and ukhuwwah. One of the important challenges to deal with is how to place the idea of brotherhood as a pillar of Islamic economic system that is applicable in economic activities which then lead to equal advantages. Muslim economists argue that Islamic economic system has led economic man to possess altruistic personality. This is not only related to the problem of consumption but also to that of production. In addition, the distribution of wealth specific in Islamic economic system has resulted in brotherhood. The spirit of brotherhood has inspired the effort of distributing wealth economically and non-economically towards shared advantages. Specific wealth distribution in Islamic economics is by placing human as economic being and social being alike. Therefore, brotherhood is implemented in market and non-market economic activities. The implementation of brotherhood is not only in the form of cooperative but more than that is to be oriented to efforts of empowering economic man.
本文讨论了伊斯兰经济体系中的兄弟情谊问题。伊斯兰经济学的目标是为所有经济人创造优势(falâh})。为了实现这一目标,穆斯林经济学家同意建立伊斯兰经济体系的哲学支柱,该体系由tawhid、ibâdah、khilâfah和ukhuwwah组成。需要应对的一个重要挑战是,如何将兄弟情谊作为伊斯兰经济体系的支柱,适用于经济活动,从而实现平等优势。穆斯林经济学家认为,伊斯兰经济制度使经济人具有利他人格。这不仅与消费问题有关,也与生产问题有关。此外,伊斯兰经济体系中特有的财富分配导致了兄弟情谊。兄弟情谊激发了在经济上和非经济上分配财富以实现共同优势的努力。伊斯兰经济学中的具体财富分配是通过将人视为经济存在和社会存在来实现的。因此,兄弟情谊在市场和非市场经济活动中都得到了落实。兄弟情谊的实施不仅是以合作的形式,而且更重要的是要致力于增强经济人的能力。
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引用次数: 1
Islamisasi Prinsip Counter Accounting 伊斯兰化原则反会计
Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.15642/ISLAMICA.2017.11.2.477-498
Dayno Utama
The purpose of this study is to explore the idea of Islamization of counter accounting principles. Such an Islamization is necessary because counter accounting princip-les are formulated by using the philosophy of punk from the western society which has different beliefs. In addition, the idea of Islamization in this study shows that Islamic knowledge can indeed be developed continuously. Therefore, the claim that there is no development inside this knowledge, and that it cannot be categorized as science, willl no longer exist. This study reveals the findings that the wisdom from argumentation which constructs the principles of counter accounting is parallel with the wisdom from Islamic values as interpreted by experts of Islamic accounting. The Islamiza-tion of counter accounting principles confirms the truth of belief in the existence of Allah and His revelation.
本研究旨在探讨反会计原则的伊斯兰化思想。这种伊斯兰化是必要的,因为反会计原则是利用来自不同信仰的西方社会的朋克哲学制定的。此外,本研究中的伊斯兰化思想表明,伊斯兰知识确实可以不断发展。因此,这种知识内部没有发展,不能被归类为科学的说法将不复存在。本研究发现,构建反会计原则的论证智慧与伊斯兰会计专家解读的伊斯兰价值观智慧是平行的。反会计原则的伊斯兰化证实了对真主存在及其启示的信仰的真理。
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引用次数: 0
Kontekstualisasi Kemukjizatan Sastrawi al-Qur’ân 及及背景灵感及古兰经的奇迹
Pub Date : 2017-03-20 DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2017.11.2.393-419
Husein Aziz
This article examines the wording, tone, and meaning of the Qur’ân, and its effective and persuasive language in presenting ideas, thoughts, and the psychological situation. The study uses modern linguistic approach, combined with synchronic and diachronic methods. This article reveals the following conclusions: first, the description of the Qur’ân is formed from a series of words chosen carefully in accordance with the tone of meaning, and is organized in accordance with the ideas and situations presented; second, the properties of the Qur’ân in describing the ideas, thoughts and situation is very connotative, leading to multiple interpretations, and demonstrating the effect of musicality; and third, the description of the Qur’ân in presenting ideas and psychological situation is very effective and persuasive because it is delivered in the form of a real and coherent picture.
本文考察了《古兰经》的措辞、语气和意义,以及它在表达观点、思想和心理状况方面的有效和有说服力的语言。本研究采用现代语言学方法,结合共时法和历时法。本文得出以下结论:第一,《古兰经》的描述是根据意义的语气精心挑选的一系列词语组成的,并根据所呈现的思想和情况进行组织;二是《古兰经》在描述思想、思想、处境等方面具有很强的内蕴性,导致多重解读,表现出乐感的效果;第三,《古兰经》对思想和心理状况的描述是非常有效和有说服力的,因为它是以真实和连贯的画面的形式传递的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Islamica Jurnal Studi Keislaman
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