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Földút haza? 回家的路?
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.37415/studia/2023/62/13475
Viktor Pataki
Th‹e aim of the article is to analyse the relationship between nature and the nature of narration in Imre Oravecz’ trilogy. Since the representation of nature and the depiction of landscapes play a prominent role in the author's novels, their poetic effects must also be considered. ‹The crucial question of the last novel is whether agriculture as a way of life can be sustained on another continent. ‹The paper therefore examines how agriculture and the relationship between humans and nature are presented in the trilogy.
本文旨在分析奥拉维茨三部曲中自然与叙事本质的关系。由于自然的再现和风景的描绘在作者的小说中占有突出的地位,因此也必须考虑到它们的诗意效果。最后一部小说的关键问题是农业作为一种生活方式能否在另一个大陆上维持下去。因此,本文研究了三部曲中农业以及人与自然的关系是如何呈现的。
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引用次数: 0
Testpraktikák enumerációja és az önértés dilemmái 列举身体实践和自我认识的困境
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.37415/studia/2023/62/13477
Péter Fodor
The story of Andrea Tompa’s novel takes place in Transylvania in the first decades of the 20th century. In the first half of the novel both protagonists are medical students, in the second half they are practicing doctors. œrough using them as first-person narrators, the writer had the opportunity to use many of the discourses of medicine. Thœis article analyses how they are implemented into the language of the novel and the way they can sometimes function on a metaphorical level. Furthermore, I examine how these discourses represent the change in the way modern humans relate to their own bodies and the bodies of the others.
安德里亚·汤帕的小说故事发生在20世纪头几十年的特兰西瓦尼亚。在小说的前半部分,两位主人公都是医学院的学生,在后半部分,他们都是执业医生。通过使用他们作为第一人称叙述者,作者有机会使用许多医学话语。这篇文章分析了它们是如何在小说的语言中实现的,以及它们有时在隐喻层面上发挥作用的方式。此外,我研究了这些话语如何代表现代人与自己的身体和他人的身体相关的方式的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Barbarism – The Active Dystopia 野蛮——活跃的反乌托邦
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.11649/slh.3125
Jack Palmer
This is the corrected version of the retracted article under the same title, which was published with the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.11649/slh.2817. In this article, I argue that dystopia also has an ambivalently “active” function in Bauman’s sociology. Across his work, as a counter-image to the “active utopia” of socialism, the traces of the “active dystopia” can be tracked, defined as a pointed elucidation of the possibilities for barbarism latent within the present, the clearest expression of which is presented in Modernity and the Holocaust (1989). The article proceeds roughly in three steps. Firstly, I revisit the arguments in Bauman’s foundational cultural and critical sociology that developed alongside his revisionist reading of Marxism in the 1960s and 1970s, on epistemologies of the future, common sense and the limitations of the predictive ambitions of social science. Then, I develop a particular focus on an unpublished, though essential, typescript entitled “Is the Science of the Possible Possible?”, suggesting that it is usefully read in terms of the emphasis on possibility and potentiality in Modernity and the Holocaust. Throughout these sections, I intersperse a reading of Modernity and the Holocaust in the light of this foundational work, presenting it as an exemplary form of critical sociology as active dystopia, which elucidates the possibility for barbarism residing within modern societies. Finally, I consider how his thinking situates him in a lineage of critical thought animated by the “active dystopia”, arguing that what is often mistaken for gloominess and pessimism is, in fact, a crucial resource for sociology in its speculative imagination of possible futures.
这是同一标题下撤回文章的更正版本,发表时DOI: https://doi.org/10.11649/slh.2817。在本文中,我认为反乌托邦在鲍曼的社会学中也具有矛盾的“积极”功能。在他的作品中,作为社会主义“积极乌托邦”的反面形象,“积极反乌托邦”的痕迹可以被追踪,被定义为对当前潜在的野蛮可能性的尖锐阐明,最清晰的表达是现代性和大屠杀(1989)。本文大致分三步进行。首先,我回顾了鲍曼的基础文化和批判社会学的论点,这些论点是在20世纪60年代和70年代与他对马克思主义的修正主义阅读一起发展起来的,关于未来的认识论,常识和社会科学预测野心的局限性。然后,我特别关注了一份未发表的、但很重要的打字稿,题为《可能的科学是可能的吗?》,这表明,从《现代性与大屠杀》中对可能性和潜力的强调来看,这是有益的。在这些章节中,我穿插了对《现代性与大屠杀》的解读,根据这一基础性工作,将其作为批判社会学的典范形式呈现出来,作为积极的反乌托邦,它阐明了野蛮存在于现代社会中的可能性。最后,我考虑了他的思想是如何将他置于一个由“活跃的反乌托邦”所激发的批判思想谱系中,认为经常被误认为是悲观和悲观的东西,实际上是社会学对可能的未来进行思辨想象的关键资源。
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引用次数: 0
Retracted article: Barbarism – The Active Dystopia 撤回文章:野蛮——活跃的反乌托邦
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2817
Jack Palmer
This is a retracted article, whose corrected version, bearing the same title, is avalaible under the DOI: https://doi.org/10.11649/slh.3125. The article was corrected on request of the author, who noted that some of his corrections had not been introduced in the text. The publisher sincerely apologises for the oversight. In this article, I argue that dystopia also has an ambivalently “active” function in Bauman’s sociology. Across his work, as a counter-image to the “active utopia” of socialism, the traces of the “active dystopia” can be tracked, defined as a pointed elucidation of the possibilities for barbarism latent within the present, the clearest expression of which is presented in Modernity and the Holocaust (1989). The article proceeds roughly in three steps. Firstly, I revisit the arguments in Bauman’s foundational cultural and critical sociology that developed alongside his revisionist reading of Marxism in the 1960s and 1970s, on epistemologies of the future, common sense and the limitations of the predictive ambitions of social science. Then, I develop a particular focus on an unpublished, though essential, typescript entitled “Is the Science of the Possible Possible?”, suggesting that it is usefully read in terms of the emphasis on possibility and potentiality in Modernity and the Holocaust. Throughout these sections, I intersperse a reading of Modernity and the Holocaust in the light of this foundational work, presenting it as an exemplary form of critical sociology as active dystopia, which elucidates the possibility for barbarism residing within modern societies. Finally, I consider how his thinking situates him in a lineage of critical thought animated by the “active dystopia”, arguing that what is often mistaken for gloominess and pessimism is, in fact, a crucial resource for sociology in its speculative imagination of possible futures.
这是一篇撤回的文章,其更正版本,具有相同的标题,可在DOI: https://doi.org/10.11649/slh.3125下获得。这篇文章是应作者的要求更正的,作者指出,他的一些更正没有在文中介绍。出版社对这一疏忽表示诚挚的歉意。在本文中,我认为反乌托邦在鲍曼的社会学中也具有矛盾的“积极”功能。在他的作品中,作为社会主义“积极乌托邦”的反面形象,“积极反乌托邦”的痕迹可以被追踪,被定义为对当前潜在的野蛮可能性的尖锐阐明,最清晰的表达是现代性和大屠杀(1989)。本文大致分三步进行。首先,我回顾了鲍曼的基础文化和批判社会学的论点,这些论点是在20世纪60年代和70年代与他对马克思主义的修正主义阅读一起发展起来的,关于未来的认识论,常识和社会科学预测野心的局限性。然后,我特别关注了一份未发表的、但很重要的打字稿,题为《可能的科学是可能的吗?》,这表明,从《现代性与大屠杀》中对可能性和潜力的强调来看,这是有益的。在这些章节中,我穿插了对《现代性与大屠杀》的解读,根据这一基础性工作,将其作为批判社会学的典范形式呈现出来,作为积极的反乌托邦,它阐明了野蛮存在于现代社会中的可能性。最后,我考虑了他的思想是如何将他置于一个由“活跃的反乌托邦”所激发的批判思想谱系中,认为经常被误认为是悲观和悲观的东西,实际上是社会学对可能的未来进行思辨想象的关键资源。
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引用次数: 0
Jack Palmer and Dariusz Brzeziński (Eds.), “Revisiting Modernity and the Holocaust: Heritage, Dilemmas, Extensions”. Routledge, 2022 [book review] Jack Palmer和Darius z Brzeziński(编辑),“重新审视现代性和大屠杀:遗产、困境和延伸”。劳特利奇,2022年[书评]
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-24 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2881
W. Outhwaite
This is a review of the book entitled Revisiting Modernity and the Holocaust: Heritage, Dilemmas, Extensions, edited by Jack Palmer and Dariusz Brzeziński.
这是对杰克·帕尔默(Jack Palmer)和达柳斯·布热津斯基(Dariusz Brzeziński)编辑的《重温现代性与大屠杀:遗产、困境、延伸》(Revising Modernity and the Holocaust:Heritage,Dilemmas,Extensions)一书的评论。
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引用次数: 0
Zygmunt Bauman’s “Modernity and the Holocaust” and the Unexplored Research Perspectives in Studies about the Holocaust in Polish Lands 鲍曼的“现代性与大屠杀”及其对波兰大屠杀研究的探索
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2844
Kamil Kijek
By reading Zygmunt Bauman’s famous study critically, this text attempts to show how both the brilliant analyses, observations, and intuitions contained in Modernity and the Holocaust and its errors and distortions can still serve as important guideposts for further studies of the Holocaust in Polish lands and in Central and Eastern Europe even today, some thirty years after publication. What remains absent from our understanding of the Holocaust in this region is a broader and deepened historical perspective, taking into account the preceding decades as well as the challenges of peripheral modernity in this part of Europe and its impact on relations between Christians and Jews both before and during the Holocaust.
通过批判性地阅读齐格蒙特·鲍曼的著名研究,本文试图表明,即使在出版约三十年后的今天,《现代性》和《大屠杀》中所包含的精彩分析、观察和直觉及其错误和扭曲,仍然可以作为进一步研究波兰土地和中欧和东欧大屠杀的重要指南。我们对该地区大屠杀的理解仍然缺乏更广泛和更深入的历史视角,考虑到过去几十年以及欧洲这一地区外围现代性的挑战及其对大屠杀之前和期间基督徒和犹太人关系的影响。
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引用次数: 0
On “Modernity and the Holocaust” – inspirations and critique after three decades 论“现代性与大屠杀”——三十年后的启示与批判
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2935
Marcin Starnawski
The article discusses the main theses of Zygmunt Bauman’s book Modernity and the Holocaust, the contexts of its writing and its early critical reception in the 1990s. As an introduction to the issue’s theme, it focuses on the proposals for a contemporary interpretation of Bauman’s work put forward by the authors of the articles published in this issue of Studia Litteraria et Historica. In the final section, the author proposes a reading of Modernity and the Holocaust in relation to educational issues raised in the 1960s by Theodor W. Adorno.
本文讨论了齐格蒙特·鲍曼的著作《现代性与大屠杀》的主要论点、写作背景以及20世纪90年代早期对该书的批评。作为本期主题的介绍,本文主要关注本期《文学与历史研究》发表文章的作者提出的对鲍曼作品的当代解读建议。在最后一节,作者提出了现代性和大屠杀与1960年代由西奥多·阿多诺提出的教育问题有关的阅读。
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引用次数: 0
Surrealism, Socialist Realism, Dialogue? 超现实主义,社会主义现实主义,对话?
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2838
M. Kozlowski
The text offers a critical and comprehensive review of Dorota Jarecka’s book Surrealizm, realizm, marksizm. Sztuka i lewica komunistyczna w Polsce w latach 1944–1948 [Surrealism, Realism, Marxism: Art and the Communist Left in Poland between 1944 and 1948]. The reviewer appreciates the main methodological premise of the book, namely that the tensions and conflicts generated within the triangle “avant-garde – realism – emancipatory role of art” cannot be reduced to a binary opposition between totalitarian ideology and the legitimate art world. In fact, it reflects the contradictory dynamics of politically engaged art in general and thecontext of post-war Poland in particular. Despite the book’s formidable factual support, the result of extensive and comprehensive query, the reviewer still regrets that the author remains primarily an art historian rather than social historian of art. This note of regret however does not diminish this noble contribution to understanding the logics of Polish visual arts in the aftermath of World War II. This area is much less known generally than the literature of this very period.
本文对Dorota Jarecka的《超现实主义,现实主义,标记主义》一书进行了批判性和全面的回顾。Sztuka i lewisa komunistyczna w Polsce w latach 1944-1948[超现实主义、现实主义、马克思主义:1944年至1948年间波兰的艺术和共产主义左派]。评论家赞赏这本书的主要方法论前提,即在“艺术的前卫-现实主义-解放作用”三角中产生的紧张和冲突不能归结为极权主义意识形态和合法艺术世界之间的二元对立。事实上,它反映了整个政治参与艺术的矛盾动态,尤其是战后波兰的文本。尽管这本书有着强大的事实支持,是广泛而全面的质疑的结果,但评论家仍然感到遗憾的是,作者主要是一位艺术历史学家,而不是艺术的社会历史学家。然而,这一遗憾并没有削弱他对理解二战后波兰视觉艺术逻辑的崇高贡献。与这一时期的文学相比,这一领域的知名度要低得多。
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引用次数: 0
Two Schools of Thought on the Holocaust: Snyder v Bauman 关于大屠杀的两个学派:斯奈德诉鲍曼案
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2840
K. Chmielewska
The article describes two approaches to the Holocaust, identified with the names of Zygmunt Bauman and Timothy Snyder. In this dyad, Bauman stands for the culturalist, sociological approach focused on identifying the social conditions in which otherness is produced and tracing the significance of modernity and bureaucracy for the Shoah. In contrast, Snyder dismisses the notion that anti-Semitism and modern statehood played a crucial part in the Holocaust. The study also identifies contemporary adherents of the two interpretations in Poland.
这篇文章描述了两种处理大屠杀的方法,分别是Zygmunt Bauman和Timothy Snyder。在这二人组中,鲍曼代表了文化主义、社会学的方法,专注于识别产生另类的社会条件,并追踪现代性和官僚主义对Shoah的意义。相比之下,斯奈德驳斥了反犹太主义和现代国家地位在大屠杀中发挥关键作用的说法。这项研究还确定了波兰这两种解释的当代追随者。
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引用次数: 0
Liquid Modernity and the Holocaust 流动的现代性和大屠杀
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.11649/slh.2839
D. Brzeziński
In Modernity and the Holocaust, Zygmunt Bauman argued that the Holocaust had been by no means a negation of the civilising process, but was, on the contrary, its consequence. He claimed that the constitutive features of solid modernity, such as bureaucratic culture, the rise of instrumental rationality and the domination of blueprint utopia, were reflected in the genesis and course of the Holocaust. Bauman’s main aim in writing the book was to make fundamental changes in the problematization of modernity in the social sciences, and to highlight the need to develop norms, values and attitudes that were in opposition to modernity. An overview of these facts provides a starting point for my analysis of Bauman’s later analyses of the Holocaust. By focusing on two issues that he emphasised in the context of the genesis of the Holocaust, namely the mechanism of adiaphorization and the process of the social construction of “otherness”, I show how these phenomena materialize in liquid modernity. I identify their connections with a range of features of the liquid modern condition, including the development of individualism and consumer culture, the sense of insecurity and the “nostalgic turn”. I emphasise that, according to Bauman, both moral indifference and xenophobia are increasingly significant phenomena in contemporary society, which may entail pernicious – and currently barely foreseeable – consequences. I argue that the way Bauman wrote about both solid and liquid modernity was characterised by a dystopian poetics, which was a foundation for his utopian thought.
在《现代性与大屠杀》一书中,齐格蒙特·鲍曼认为,大屠杀绝不是对文明进程的否定,相反,它是文明进程的后果。他声称,实体现代性的构成特征,如官僚文化、工具理性的兴起和蓝图乌托邦的统治,都反映在大屠杀的起源和过程中。鲍曼写这本书的主要目的是从根本上改变社会科学中现代性的问题化,并强调需要发展与现代性相反的规范、价值观和态度。对这些事实的概述为我分析鲍曼后来对大屠杀的分析提供了一个起点。通过关注他在大屠杀发生的背景下强调的两个问题,即去极化的机制和“他者”的社会建构过程,我展示了这些现象是如何在流动的现代性中实现的。我将它们与流动的现代条件的一系列特征联系起来,包括个人主义和消费文化的发展、不安全感和“怀旧转向”。我强调,根据鲍曼的说法,道德冷漠和仇外心理在当代社会中都是越来越重要的现象,这可能会带来有害的——目前几乎无法预见的——后果。我认为鲍曼关于固体和液体现代性的写作方式具有反乌托邦诗学的特征,这是他乌托邦思想的基础。
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引用次数: 0
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