Extended Abstract Olfactory dysfunction significantly affects quality of life, alters in appetite, loses the ability to react to dangerous situations, and adverses psychological well-being [1]. In the general population, hyposmia varies from 13% to 18%, and anosmia from 4% to 6% [2]. To develop treatment modality for anosmia and regenerate olfactory neuroepithelium (OE), an in vitro culture system which can promote olfactory neuronal differentiation and expansion of progenitor cells is conducted by several researching groups. Chitosan has been demonstrated to bridge large gaps in peripheral nerves and regulate formation of neurospheres. However, whether chitosan can promote the differentiation of OE cells or regulate formation of olfactory neurospheres remains unexplored. This study evaluates the effect of chitosan on OE cells, which is a critical step in treating olfactory dysfunction and regeneration of OE. Cell sources were isolated from 17-day-old Wistar rat embryos, and then cultured on control or chitosan films for 12 days. Poly-L-lysine-co-laminin-coated was adopted as a control group. The effects of treatment were assessed by immunocytochemistry, real-time PCR, western blot and following culturing. In contrast with control groups, rat OE cells formed olfactory neurospheres on chitosan films. The percentages of the projected sphere area on chitosan films at day 12 were significantly higher. Particularly, the olfactory neurospheres contained progenitor cells, immature and mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORN), which were respectively labelled by anti-Ascl1, anti-βIII Tubulin and anti-olfactory marker protein (OMP). βIII tubulin was clearly present throughout the neuron, in soma, dendrites, and axons. At day 6 the mRNA ratio of Ascl1 and βIII tubulin normalized to the internal gene GAPDH were significantly higher on chitosan films than on control groups. And the expression of 5-bromo-2’deoxiuridine (BrdU), a proliferation marker, was also positive within olfactory neurospheres. It can explain why the diameter of spheres steadily increased during culture periods. However, at day 12, the expression level of βIII tubulin significantly decreased on both groups, but the expression level of OMP was much higher on chitosan films. It means that chitosan may promote ORN to reach terminal differentiation. Notably, the distribution of mature ORNs with positive OMP gathered at out-layer of the spheroids. This finding indicates that spheroids may start to develop the polarity and behave like their counterpart in vivo [3]. Experimental results reveal that chitosan films can facilitate formation of olfactory neurospheres with expressing markers of progenitors and proliferation. Meanwhile, this study demonstrates a novel role of chitosan films in promoting differentiation of ORNs. Therefore, chitosan is a potential biomaterial for developing treatment modality of olfactory disorder in the future.
{"title":"The Effect of Chitosan on Rat Olfactory Neuroepithelium Cells","authors":"Sheng-Tien Li, T. Young, Tsung-Wei Huang","doi":"10.11159/nddte17.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/nddte17.110","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Olfactory dysfunction significantly affects quality of life, alters in appetite, loses the ability to react to dangerous situations, and adverses psychological well-being [1]. In the general population, hyposmia varies from 13% to 18%, and anosmia from 4% to 6% [2]. To develop treatment modality for anosmia and regenerate olfactory neuroepithelium (OE), an in vitro culture system which can promote olfactory neuronal differentiation and expansion of progenitor cells is conducted by several researching groups. Chitosan has been demonstrated to bridge large gaps in peripheral nerves and regulate formation of neurospheres. However, whether chitosan can promote the differentiation of OE cells or regulate formation of olfactory neurospheres remains unexplored. This study evaluates the effect of chitosan on OE cells, which is a critical step in treating olfactory dysfunction and regeneration of OE. Cell sources were isolated from 17-day-old Wistar rat embryos, and then cultured on control or chitosan films for 12 days. Poly-L-lysine-co-laminin-coated was adopted as a control group. The effects of treatment were assessed by immunocytochemistry, real-time PCR, western blot and following culturing. In contrast with control groups, rat OE cells formed olfactory neurospheres on chitosan films. The percentages of the projected sphere area on chitosan films at day 12 were significantly higher. Particularly, the olfactory neurospheres contained progenitor cells, immature and mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORN), which were respectively labelled by anti-Ascl1, anti-βIII Tubulin and anti-olfactory marker protein (OMP). βIII tubulin was clearly present throughout the neuron, in soma, dendrites, and axons. At day 6 the mRNA ratio of Ascl1 and βIII tubulin normalized to the internal gene GAPDH were significantly higher on chitosan films than on control groups. And the expression of 5-bromo-2’deoxiuridine (BrdU), a proliferation marker, was also positive within olfactory neurospheres. It can explain why the diameter of spheres steadily increased during culture periods. However, at day 12, the expression level of βIII tubulin significantly decreased on both groups, but the expression level of OMP was much higher on chitosan films. It means that chitosan may promote ORN to reach terminal differentiation. Notably, the distribution of mature ORNs with positive OMP gathered at out-layer of the spheroids. This finding indicates that spheroids may start to develop the polarity and behave like their counterpart in vivo [3]. Experimental results reveal that chitosan films can facilitate formation of olfactory neurospheres with expressing markers of progenitors and proliferation. Meanwhile, this study demonstrates a novel role of chitosan films in promoting differentiation of ORNs. Therefore, chitosan is a potential biomaterial for developing treatment modality of olfactory disorder in the future.","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89552004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dembski, Christine Schneider, M. Straßer, Bastian Christ, J. Probst
{"title":"Multifunctional nanoparticles for medical applications","authors":"S. Dembski, Christine Schneider, M. Straßer, Bastian Christ, J. Probst","doi":"10.11159/nddte17.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/nddte17.102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85174059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dental implants are highly effective for improving the occlusion function after tooth loss. However, ordinarily titanium dental implants sometimes require long term for the osseointegration. If there is insufficient bone in the patients, surgical pre-treatment such as autologous bone transplantation is required, imposing a big burden on the patient. Furthermore, a predominance of invasion of the gingival epithelium by epithelial cells at an early stage increases the risk of unsuccessful osseointegration. Therefore, to reduce the burden on the patient and increase the success rate of dental implant treatment, we need to develop a dental implant that can promote osseointegration more quickly and efficiently. We presumed that it would be one of efficient strategies for the quick and reliable osseointegration if we could control the cell population around the dental implant. Here, we micro-patterned a titanium surface by using a gelatin matrix. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured, and cell populations were investigated. On the titanium surface with a micro-patterned gelatin matrix, mesenchymal stem cells first adhered to the titanium and then to the gelatin, enabling cell adhesion to be controlled time dependently. These results suggest that it may be possible to develop functional dental implants in which we can control the cell population of epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells and can promote quick and reliable osseointegration.
{"title":"Cell population of mesenchymal stem cells on micro-patterned titanium","authors":"M. Kawai, N. Nagaoka, Y. Yoshida, K. Ohura","doi":"10.11159/NDDTE17.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/NDDTE17.111","url":null,"abstract":"Dental implants are highly effective for improving the occlusion function after tooth loss. However, ordinarily titanium dental implants sometimes require long term for the osseointegration. If there is insufficient bone in the patients, surgical pre-treatment such as autologous bone transplantation is required, imposing a big burden on the patient. Furthermore, a predominance of invasion of the gingival epithelium by epithelial cells at an early stage increases the risk of unsuccessful osseointegration. Therefore, to reduce the burden on the patient and increase the success rate of dental implant treatment, we need to develop a dental implant that can promote osseointegration more quickly and efficiently. We presumed that it would be one of efficient strategies for the quick and reliable osseointegration if we could control the cell population around the dental implant. Here, we micro-patterned a titanium surface by using a gelatin matrix. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured, and cell populations were investigated. On the titanium surface with a micro-patterned gelatin matrix, mesenchymal stem cells first adhered to the titanium and then to the gelatin, enabling cell adhesion to be controlled time dependently. These results suggest that it may be possible to develop functional dental implants in which we can control the cell population of epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells and can promote quick and reliable osseointegration.","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78297120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Mohamed, R. Davies, P. D. Lickiss, Gemma R. Freeman, Daniel Morales-Cano, Bianca Barreira, N. Kirkby, L. Moreno, J. Mitchell
1 National Heart and Lung Institute. Imperial College of London, SW3 6LY, London, United Kingdom. nura.abdi11@imperial.ac.uk; n.kirkby@imperial.ac.uk; j.a.mitchell@imperial.ac.uk 1 Qatar Foundation Research and Development Division. Qatar Foundation, 5825, Doha,Qatar. nura.abdi11@imperial.ac.uk 2 Department of the Chemistry. Imperial College of London, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom. r.davies@imperial.ac.uk; p.lickiss@imperial.ac.uk; gemma.freeman@imperial.ac.uk 3 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine. University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon (IiSGM), Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. danmorca@gmail.com; biancabarreira@med.ucm.es; lmorenog@med.ucm.es
{"title":"In Vivo Assessment of Metal Organic Framework (MOFs) for the Future use as Delivery Agents for Drugs to Treat PAH","authors":"N. Mohamed, R. Davies, P. D. Lickiss, Gemma R. Freeman, Daniel Morales-Cano, Bianca Barreira, N. Kirkby, L. Moreno, J. Mitchell","doi":"10.11159/NDDTE16.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/NDDTE16.113","url":null,"abstract":"1 National Heart and Lung Institute. Imperial College of London, SW3 6LY, London, United Kingdom. nura.abdi11@imperial.ac.uk; n.kirkby@imperial.ac.uk; j.a.mitchell@imperial.ac.uk 1 Qatar Foundation Research and Development Division. Qatar Foundation, 5825, Doha,Qatar. nura.abdi11@imperial.ac.uk 2 Department of the Chemistry. Imperial College of London, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom. r.davies@imperial.ac.uk; p.lickiss@imperial.ac.uk; gemma.freeman@imperial.ac.uk 3 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine. University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon (IiSGM), Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. danmorca@gmail.com; biancabarreira@med.ucm.es; lmorenog@med.ucm.es","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72762285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extended Abstract Solution deposited printing process have been attracted for low cost, large-area electronic applications such as active-matrix display, electronic paper and flexible microelectronics [1]. Thin film transistor (TFT) is generally composed of electrodes, dielectrics and semiconductor layers. Printable materials for TFT have been mainly studied for electrodes and semiconductors [2], but solution-processable gate dielectric materials are relatively limited so far due to several issues such as chemical resistance and compatibility. Chemical compatibility of dielectric materials should be especially considered for the fabrication of top-gate TFT structure or multi-layered devices. Additionally, high dielectric constant insulating material is crucial to reduce the driving voltage of TFT. These technical issues lead to develop new solution based insulating materials which have both high dielectric constant and immiscibility with ordinary organic layers. In order to solve these technical problems, high dielectric constant inorganic nanoparticles such as barium titanate were synthesized and applied fluorinated ligands to the surfaces of nanoparticles by ligand exchange [3]. These hybrid materials can be dispersed in fluorinated solvent and showed suitable coating properties for the formation of gate insulator thin films. In order to evaluate the electrical properties of fluorinated hybrid dielectric material, metal-insulator-metal diode and TFTs were fabricated using solution-processed semiconductors.
{"title":"Characterization of Soluble Fluorinated Dielectric Nanomaterials for Printed Thin Film Transistors","authors":"K. Kim, Young Tae Kim, Jin‐Kyun Lee, B. Yoo","doi":"10.11159/ICNNFC16.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICNNFC16.108","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Solution deposited printing process have been attracted for low cost, large-area electronic applications such as active-matrix display, electronic paper and flexible microelectronics [1]. Thin film transistor (TFT) is generally composed of electrodes, dielectrics and semiconductor layers. Printable materials for TFT have been mainly studied for electrodes and semiconductors [2], but solution-processable gate dielectric materials are relatively limited so far due to several issues such as chemical resistance and compatibility. Chemical compatibility of dielectric materials should be especially considered for the fabrication of top-gate TFT structure or multi-layered devices. Additionally, high dielectric constant insulating material is crucial to reduce the driving voltage of TFT. These technical issues lead to develop new solution based insulating materials which have both high dielectric constant and immiscibility with ordinary organic layers. In order to solve these technical problems, high dielectric constant inorganic nanoparticles such as barium titanate were synthesized and applied fluorinated ligands to the surfaces of nanoparticles by ligand exchange [3]. These hybrid materials can be dispersed in fluorinated solvent and showed suitable coating properties for the formation of gate insulator thin films. In order to evaluate the electrical properties of fluorinated hybrid dielectric material, metal-insulator-metal diode and TFTs were fabricated using solution-processed semiconductors.","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85521230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. F. Rediguieri, N. N. Cerize, M. Zanin, Adriano Marim de Oliveira, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pint
Carolina Fracalossi Rediguieri , Natalia Neto Pereira Cerize, Maria Helena Ambrosio Zanin, Adriano Marim de Oliveira, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pinto 1, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitaria, Brasilia, Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas, Sao Paulo, Brazil *rediguieri@yahoo.com.br, ncerize@ipt.br, mhzanin@ipt.br, amarim@ipt.br, tjapinto@usp.br
Carolina Fracalossi Rediguieri净,纳塔莉亚·佩雷拉Cerize,海伦·玛丽亚·安布罗斯Zanin Marim adrianus de Oliveira, de Jesus Andreoli 1画,alma carioca Faculdade Farmaceuticas科学联合圣保罗,巴西圣保罗,巴西国家情报局Vigilância,巴西利亚,巴西卫生研究所研究Tecnologicas圣保罗,巴西* rediguieri@yahoo.com.br ncerize@ipt.br mhzanin@ipt.br、amarim@ipt.br tjapinto@usp.br
{"title":"From Hydrophobic to Superhydrophilic Electrospun Surfaces","authors":"C. F. Rediguieri, N. N. Cerize, M. Zanin, Adriano Marim de Oliveira, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pint","doi":"10.11159/ICNNFC16.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICNNFC16.120","url":null,"abstract":"Carolina Fracalossi Rediguieri , Natalia Neto Pereira Cerize, Maria Helena Ambrosio Zanin, Adriano Marim de Oliveira, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pinto 1, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitaria, Brasilia, Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas, Sao Paulo, Brazil *rediguieri@yahoo.com.br, ncerize@ipt.br, mhzanin@ipt.br, amarim@ipt.br, tjapinto@usp.br","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84111135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, the effect of Platinum (Pt) as dopant on the structural, morphological and gas sensing properties of ZnO has been discussed. ZnO and Ptdoped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by facile and cost effective co-precipitation technique. XRD analysis revealed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure for pure and doped nanostructures which was further supported by Raman studies.Raman and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations also reveal the presence of defects in doped samples. The morphology of the synthesised samples has been studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). For gas sensing characteristics the synthesized particles were applied as thick film onto an alumina substrate and tested at different operating temperatures for hydrogen gas. Among all samples, 0.05% Pt doped ZnO exhibited enhanced sensing performance towardshydrogen. The increase in sensing response is attributed to presence of defects in doped sample and the catalytic nature of platinum.
{"title":"Improvement in Hydrogen Sensing Response of Zinc Oxide Doped with Platinum","authors":"Anita Hastir, N. Kohli, Ravinder Singh","doi":"10.11159/ICNEI16.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICNEI16.105","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the effect of Platinum (Pt) as dopant on the structural, morphological and gas sensing properties of ZnO has been discussed. ZnO and Ptdoped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by facile and cost effective co-precipitation technique. XRD analysis revealed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure for pure and doped nanostructures which was further supported by Raman studies.Raman and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations also reveal the presence of defects in doped samples. The morphology of the synthesised samples has been studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). For gas sensing characteristics the synthesized particles were applied as thick film onto an alumina substrate and tested at different operating temperatures for hydrogen gas. Among all samples, 0.05% Pt doped ZnO exhibited enhanced sensing performance towardshydrogen. The increase in sensing response is attributed to presence of defects in doped sample and the catalytic nature of platinum.","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81299608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Henrique, C. Alencar, B. Luis, Lilia Coronato Courrol
Extended Abstract Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the primary cause of human death worldwide[1]. Some studies have suggested that macrophages play a critical role in the development, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques[2]. Thus, the reduction of macrophages from plaques represents a new strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis[3]. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is emerging as a new atherosclerosis treatment[4] due to the generation of free radicals by activated sonosensitizers, which can lead to apoptotic cell death. The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the vehicle for a sensitizer delivery improves reactive oxygen species formation [5]. Curcumin (Curc), a polyphenol derived from the Curcuma Longa plant, presents a sonodynamic effect on THP-1 derived macrophages [3]. The aim of this present study is to evaluate the effects of SDT on the viability of THP-1 macrophages incubated with Curc:AuNPs. To prepare Curcumin Gold Nanoparticles (Curc:AuNps) solutions, 3.2 mg of chloroauric acid was mixed with 1.5 mg of Curcumin and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in Mili-Q water. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV/Vis optical absorption, and electron microscopy. THP-1 macrophages were incubated with Curc and Curc:AuNPs for 2 hours and then exposed to pulsed ultrasound irradiation (2 W/cm with 1.0 MHz ) for 5, 10 and 15 min. The survival rate of the cells was measured by MTT assay. All quantitative results were obtained from at least triplicate samples. The successful synthesis of the Curc:AuNps was indicated by the presence of a surface plasmon resonance at ~520 nm, characteristic of spherical gold nanoparticles. TEM analyses showed ~17±2 nm nanoparticles. The Curc:AuNPs SDT decreased cell viability more significantly than the treatment with ultrasound alone, mainly in cells treated for 15 min. Treatment with curcumin alone did not affect the cell viability when compared to control. The findings suggested that Curc:AuNps under low-intensity ultrasound has sonodynamic effect on THP-1 macrophages via generation of intracellular singlet oxygen and photothermic effect, indicating that Curc:AuNps can be used as a novel sonosensitizer in SDT for atherosclerosis. This work was supported by the “Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo” (FAPESP), Grant number 2014/06960-9.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Curcumin Gold Nanoparticles: Sonosensitizer Agent for Atherosclerosis","authors":"T. Henrique, C. Alencar, B. Luis, Lilia Coronato Courrol","doi":"10.11159/NDDTE16.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/NDDTE16.115","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the primary cause of human death worldwide[1]. Some studies have suggested that macrophages play a critical role in the development, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques[2]. Thus, the reduction of macrophages from plaques represents a new strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis[3]. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is emerging as a new atherosclerosis treatment[4] due to the generation of free radicals by activated sonosensitizers, which can lead to apoptotic cell death. The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the vehicle for a sensitizer delivery improves reactive oxygen species formation [5]. Curcumin (Curc), a polyphenol derived from the Curcuma Longa plant, presents a sonodynamic effect on THP-1 derived macrophages [3]. The aim of this present study is to evaluate the effects of SDT on the viability of THP-1 macrophages incubated with Curc:AuNPs. To prepare Curcumin Gold Nanoparticles (Curc:AuNps) solutions, 3.2 mg of chloroauric acid was mixed with 1.5 mg of Curcumin and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in Mili-Q water. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV/Vis optical absorption, and electron microscopy. THP-1 macrophages were incubated with Curc and Curc:AuNPs for 2 hours and then exposed to pulsed ultrasound irradiation (2 W/cm with 1.0 MHz ) for 5, 10 and 15 min. The survival rate of the cells was measured by MTT assay. All quantitative results were obtained from at least triplicate samples. The successful synthesis of the Curc:AuNps was indicated by the presence of a surface plasmon resonance at ~520 nm, characteristic of spherical gold nanoparticles. TEM analyses showed ~17±2 nm nanoparticles. The Curc:AuNPs SDT decreased cell viability more significantly than the treatment with ultrasound alone, mainly in cells treated for 15 min. Treatment with curcumin alone did not affect the cell viability when compared to control. The findings suggested that Curc:AuNps under low-intensity ultrasound has sonodynamic effect on THP-1 macrophages via generation of intracellular singlet oxygen and photothermic effect, indicating that Curc:AuNps can be used as a novel sonosensitizer in SDT for atherosclerosis. This work was supported by the “Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo” (FAPESP), Grant number 2014/06960-9.","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89375354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extended Abstract Recently, various DNA nanostructures have been designed and synthesized mostly relying on their self-assembly feature. Once a unit tile structure is precised designed, numerous copies are produced and self-assembled into 2D or 3D nanostructures. However, lack of information about its dynamic characteristics sometimes fails to reach the anticipated DNA nanostructure. For example, planar unit cross-tiles do not form a 2D lattice nanostructure but a 3D nanotube [1]. Modal analysis of DNA nanostructures successfully explained this self-assembly mechanism in terms of mechanical vibration [2]. In this talk, I will briefly introduce a theoretical framework how to model and simulate DNA nanostructure in order to understand its dynamic characteristics which play an important role in DNA nanostructure design and synthesis. First, a DNA nanostructure, either a unit tile or an assembly, is represented by a coarse-grained mass-spring network which contains DNA’s structural information including mass and chemical interaction [3]. Then, a mechanical vibration theory, called normal mode analysis, is applied to the given DNA coarse-grained model to simulate its intrinsic vibrational characteristics. In addition, it will be discussed how to relate intrinsic vibration modes with self-assembly process successfully for various exampled DNA nanostructures including 2D lattice, 2D ring, and 3D bulky ball. Consequently, the proposed theoretical approach enables us to design DNA nanostructures much more precisely and systematically, compared to the conventional trial and error method.
{"title":"DNA Nanostructure Modelling and Simulation","authors":"M. Kim","doi":"10.11159/ICNMS16.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICNMS16.104","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Recently, various DNA nanostructures have been designed and synthesized mostly relying on their self-assembly feature. Once a unit tile structure is precised designed, numerous copies are produced and self-assembled into 2D or 3D nanostructures. However, lack of information about its dynamic characteristics sometimes fails to reach the anticipated DNA nanostructure. For example, planar unit cross-tiles do not form a 2D lattice nanostructure but a 3D nanotube [1]. Modal analysis of DNA nanostructures successfully explained this self-assembly mechanism in terms of mechanical vibration [2]. In this talk, I will briefly introduce a theoretical framework how to model and simulate DNA nanostructure in order to understand its dynamic characteristics which play an important role in DNA nanostructure design and synthesis. First, a DNA nanostructure, either a unit tile or an assembly, is represented by a coarse-grained mass-spring network which contains DNA’s structural information including mass and chemical interaction [3]. Then, a mechanical vibration theory, called normal mode analysis, is applied to the given DNA coarse-grained model to simulate its intrinsic vibrational characteristics. In addition, it will be discussed how to relate intrinsic vibration modes with self-assembly process successfully for various exampled DNA nanostructures including 2D lattice, 2D ring, and 3D bulky ball. Consequently, the proposed theoretical approach enables us to design DNA nanostructures much more precisely and systematically, compared to the conventional trial and error method.","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75889202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can Locally Administered Nanoparticles Revolutionize the Treatment of the Oral Cavity","authors":"M. Hiorth","doi":"10.11159/NDDTE16.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/NDDTE16.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31009,"journal":{"name":"RAN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74834961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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