Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.106
Fatemeh Elahian, A. Yazdinezhad, N. Tusi, Z. Nouri, A. Mirzaei
Background and Aim: Thymus kotschyanus is one of the most famous medicinal plants in Iran from the mint family and it has many applications in traditional medicine, such as relieving the symptoms of colds and coughs and relieving some gastrointestinal diseases. It also has antibacterial and antifungal effects. This study was performed to investigate the diversity of antibiotic effects of this plant. Materials and Methods: Essential oils of fourteen different ecotypes of Thymus kotschyanus were extracted by using the Clevenger apparatus. After oil analyses with GC-MS device, the minimum inhibitory concentration of growth and also the minimum lethal concentration of 7 types of bacteria and 2 types of fungi were measured by microdilution method in the range of 0.01 to 5.12 mg/ml. Results: Oxygenated monoterpenes were the major fraction (64.60–90.60%) of the oils, and thymol and carvacrol were considered as the most abundant constituents (27.23–75.55%). The amount and concentration of these two phenolic substances in thyme essential oil were directly related to antibacterial and antifungal effects. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oils ranged from 0.24 to 5.12 and 0.08 to 0.96 mg/ml, respectively. The most active antimicrobial activity is related to the essential oil of Salmas and Nodoshan ecotypes and the least activity was seen in Rudbar ecotype. Conclusion: Geographical characteristics of the place where plants grow had a significant role in the type and amount of compounds in the essential oil of the plant. In this regard, different biological effects and antibacterial and antifungal properties can occur from each ecotype.
{"title":"Diversity of antibacterial and antifungal activities of Thymus kotschyanus\u0000essential oil collected from fourteen regions of Iran","authors":"Fatemeh Elahian, A. Yazdinezhad, N. Tusi, Z. Nouri, A. Mirzaei","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.106","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Thymus kotschyanus is one of the most famous medicinal plants in Iran from the mint family and it has many applications in traditional medicine, such as relieving the symptoms of colds and coughs and relieving some gastrointestinal diseases. It also has antibacterial and antifungal effects. This study was performed to investigate the diversity of antibiotic effects of this plant. Materials and Methods: Essential oils of fourteen different ecotypes of Thymus kotschyanus were extracted by using the Clevenger apparatus. After oil analyses with GC-MS device, the minimum inhibitory concentration of growth and also the minimum lethal concentration of 7 types of bacteria and 2 types of fungi were measured by microdilution method in the range of 0.01 to 5.12 mg/ml. Results: Oxygenated monoterpenes were the major fraction (64.60–90.60%) of the oils, and thymol and carvacrol were considered as the most abundant constituents (27.23–75.55%). The amount and concentration of these two phenolic substances in thyme essential oil were directly related to antibacterial and antifungal effects. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oils ranged from 0.24 to 5.12 and 0.08 to 0.96 mg/ml, respectively. The most active antimicrobial activity is related to the essential oil of Salmas and Nodoshan ecotypes and the least activity was seen in Rudbar ecotype. Conclusion: Geographical characteristics of the place where plants grow had a significant role in the type and amount of compounds in the essential oil of the plant. In this regard, different biological effects and antibacterial and antifungal properties can occur from each ecotype.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43889033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32592/JBIRJANDUNIVMEDSCI.2020.27.3.101
B. Malaekeh-Nikouei, Mohammad Yahya Hanafi-Bojd
Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy is the most common method for cancer therapy which represent non-specific side effects on normal cells and tissues and drug resistance in cancer cells. There are two main mechanisms for Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) in cancer cells including: drug efflux pump and activation of anti-apoptotic pathways. Cancer chemotherapy disadvantages can be overcome by using nanoparticulate drug delivery systems like Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) that have been used as drug delivery system since 2001. The present review included synthesis, targeted (active or passive) drug delivery to cancer cells, co-delivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA by MSNs and its toxicity. This review revealed that MSNs are good candidate for drug delivery to cancer cells due to its unique properties including: controllable pore and particle sizes, thermal and chemical stability, modifications of outer and inner surfaces of nanoparticles for drug and siRNA loading, attachment of ligand for targeted drug delivery, high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release, biocompatibility and biodegradation in aqueous medium.
{"title":"Application of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery to cancer cells","authors":"B. Malaekeh-Nikouei, Mohammad Yahya Hanafi-Bojd","doi":"10.32592/JBIRJANDUNIVMEDSCI.2020.27.3.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/JBIRJANDUNIVMEDSCI.2020.27.3.101","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy is the most common method for cancer therapy which represent non-specific side effects on normal cells and tissues and drug resistance in cancer cells. There are two main mechanisms for Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) in cancer cells including: drug efflux pump and activation of anti-apoptotic pathways. Cancer chemotherapy disadvantages can be overcome by using nanoparticulate drug delivery systems like Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) that have been used as drug delivery system since 2001. The present review included synthesis, targeted (active or passive) drug delivery to cancer cells, co-delivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA by MSNs and its toxicity. This review revealed that MSNs are good candidate for drug delivery to cancer cells due to its unique properties including: controllable pore and particle sizes, thermal and chemical stability, modifications of outer and inner surfaces of nanoparticles for drug and siRNA loading, attachment of ligand for targeted drug delivery, high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release, biocompatibility and biodegradation in aqueous medium.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43113456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32592/JBIRJANDUNIVMEDSCI.2020.27.3.109
Nasrin Milani, R. Ahmadi
Brucellosis is an endemic disease in Iran that is transmitted from animal to human. The clinical manifestations of brucellosis are nonspecific and its complications involve bones and joints. Brucellosis osteomyelitis can mimic the manifestations of neoplasms; therefore, it cannot readily be diagnosed in some cases. Under such circumstances, high incidence can be a helpful factor. We reported a 49-year-old man patient who presented with chronic musculoskeletal pain in the lower back. Initially, he was treated for osteoarthritis due to several negative serological tests for brucellosis. He was referred to a specialized clinic with no recovery achievement after 5 months treatment. The musculoskeletal pain together with the patient’s occupation (animal husbandry), was resulted in a high clinical suspicion of brucellosis. Consequently, the patient underwent another serological test and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He was diagnosed with brucellosis-induced spondylodiscitis by positive serology result and bone involvement on MRI. Regular treatment was then started, which led to clinical and radiological improvement at the end. With regard to chronic symptoms of the disease and despite the negative results of serological tests, it is recommended that radiological diagnostic methods such as MRI should be adopted in cases where there is a clinical suspicion of brucellosis.
{"title":"Brucellosis Spondylodiscitis: A case report","authors":"Nasrin Milani, R. Ahmadi","doi":"10.32592/JBIRJANDUNIVMEDSCI.2020.27.3.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/JBIRJANDUNIVMEDSCI.2020.27.3.109","url":null,"abstract":"Brucellosis is an endemic disease in Iran that is transmitted from animal to human. The clinical manifestations of brucellosis are nonspecific and its complications involve bones and joints. Brucellosis osteomyelitis can mimic the manifestations of neoplasms; therefore, it cannot readily be diagnosed in some cases. Under such circumstances, high incidence can be a helpful factor. We reported a 49-year-old man patient who presented with chronic musculoskeletal pain in the lower back. Initially, he was treated for osteoarthritis due to several negative serological tests for brucellosis. He was referred to a specialized clinic with no recovery achievement after 5 months treatment. The musculoskeletal pain together with the patient’s occupation (animal husbandry), was resulted in a high clinical suspicion of brucellosis. Consequently, the patient underwent another serological test and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He was diagnosed with brucellosis-induced spondylodiscitis by positive serology result and bone involvement on MRI. Regular treatment was then started, which led to clinical and radiological improvement at the end. With regard to chronic symptoms of the disease and despite the negative results of serological tests, it is recommended that radiological diagnostic methods such as MRI should be adopted in cases where there is a clinical suspicion of brucellosis.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49319838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-05DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.4.105
Background and Aim: The Breast cancer is very common. These patients develop sexual dysfunction following chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients on their sexual function. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on patients with breast cancer referred to Iran-Mehr Medical Center in winter 2018 undergoing chemotherapy. 119 patients were enrolled in the study under census. The Rosen’s Sexual Function Questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (Version 16) and Smirnov-Kolmogorov, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at the significant level of (P<0.05). Results: In terms of sexual function, the lowest score was 2.40 and the highest score was 14.90. In the study of sexual function components, patients were in the worst condition in terms of pain, 0.84±0.75 and humidity 0.85±0.73. The mean scores of other components included orgasm 1.13±0.64, irritability 1.05±0.84, satisfaction 1.23±0.30 and sexual desire 1.66±0.66, respectively. The only factor affecting sexual function Location, age of marriage and age of patients. Conclusion: The score of sexual function was less than the minimum; the most disorders were recorded for the components of pain and humidity. Factors affecting sexual function were included: location, years of menopause, type of treatment, age of patients and years of marriage. It is recommended that the sexual status of breast cancer patients be evaluated before and during treatment and that the necessary training be provided to inform patients about this disorder and the necessary treatments to improve sexual function.
{"title":"Evaluation of sexual function and its related factors in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy referred to Iran-Mehr Medical Center in Birjand, 2018","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.4.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.4.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: The Breast cancer is very common. These patients develop sexual dysfunction following chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients on their sexual function.\u0000Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on patients with breast cancer referred to Iran-Mehr Medical Center in winter 2018 undergoing chemotherapy. 119 patients were enrolled in the study under census. The Rosen’s Sexual Function Questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (Version 16) and Smirnov-Kolmogorov, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at the significant level of (P<0.05).\u0000Results: In terms of sexual function, the lowest score was 2.40 and the highest score was 14.90. In the study of sexual function components, patients were in the worst condition in terms of pain, 0.84±0.75 and humidity 0.85±0.73. The mean scores of other components included orgasm 1.13±0.64, irritability 1.05±0.84, satisfaction 1.23±0.30 and sexual desire 1.66±0.66, respectively. The only factor affecting sexual function Location, age of marriage and age of patients.\u0000Conclusion: The score of sexual function was less than the minimum; the most disorders were recorded for the components of pain and humidity. Factors affecting sexual function were included: location, years of menopause, type of treatment, age of patients and years of marriage. It is recommended that the sexual status of breast cancer patients be evaluated before and during treatment and that the necessary training be provided to inform patients about this disorder and the necessary treatments to improve sexual function.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76206754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the goals of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization is to provide adequate healthy blood and reduce the risk of various viral and bacterial transmission infections. With the removal of alternative blood donation, all blood units and blood products are provided through voluntary blood donation in Iran. The Blood Transfusion Organization screens the donated blood according to standard guidelines to ensure blood recipients and physicians of providing healthy and pathogen-free components. With the emergence of novel pathogens, such as the pandemic of the COVID-19 virus, despite Iranchr('39')s self-sufficiency in blood supply and blood products, the number of blood donors has decreased significantly since there is a lack of comprehensive information on pathophysiology and virus transmission ways. Moreover, the existence of some shortages in screening programs can cause problems. Therefore, this study was performed to review the studies conducted investigating this emerging virus regarding blood transfusions and the supply of blood components worldwide.
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and approaches in blood transfusions","authors":"مقد فرشید عابدی امیرحسین رستگا ستاره خیراندیش ابراهیم میری","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.1.100","url":null,"abstract":"One of the goals of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization is to provide adequate healthy blood and reduce the risk of various viral and bacterial transmission infections. With the removal of alternative blood donation, all blood units and blood products are provided through voluntary blood donation in Iran. The Blood Transfusion Organization screens the donated blood according to standard guidelines to ensure blood recipients and physicians of providing healthy and pathogen-free components. With the emergence of novel pathogens, such as the pandemic of the COVID-19 virus, despite Iranchr('39')s self-sufficiency in blood supply and blood products, the number of blood donors has decreased significantly since there is a lack of comprehensive information on pathophysiology and virus transmission ways. Moreover, the existence of some shortages in screening programs can cause problems. Therefore, this study was performed to review the studies conducted investigating this emerging virus regarding blood transfusions and the supply of blood components worldwide.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82967852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.107
Hanieh Arjmand monfared, M. Khani, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Seyed Ramin Nourbakhsh
Background and Aim: The third molar tooth lies with symptoms such as periodontal problems, caries, crowding, root resorption, cyst and tumor formation of the adjacent second molar. This study was to evaluate the position of mandibular third molar teeth and its effect on second adjacent molar teeth. Materials and Methods: Panoramic radiography was obtained from 264 patients with mandibular third molar hidden teeth referred to the Birjand School of Dentistry in 2018. The material and direction of their placement and the vertical position of the third molar tooth (based on the PELL & Gregory classification) and its placement angle (based on Winter classification) were determined. Also, the prevalence of distal caries, external root resorption, the amounts of displacement, t inflammatory lesions and the cystic was examined in the adjacent second molar tooth. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 19), and Chi-square statistical test, p-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The data from this study showed that most of the wisdom hidden teeth were in Class B and III of Pell and Gregory classification, had Mesial angle based on Winter classification. In 20.8% of patients with caries, there was 3% root canal resorption and 1.1% displacement of the second molar tooth, while no cases of inflammatory and cystic lesions in the second molar tooth were found due to the hidden third molar tooth. The Mesial and horizontal angles of impacted wisdom teeth were associated with increased risk of caries and root resorption of the second molar. Also, Class B's third molar teeth increased caries in second molar teeth. Conclusion: Most pathological problems were observed in Mesial, horizontal, and class B impaction. According to the observed relationship, it seems that the angle and depth of the hidden third molar should be taken into account c when deciding whether or not to extract it.
{"title":"Evaluation of the position of mandibular third molar hidden teeth and its effect on second adjacent molar teeth in panoramic radiography in patients referring to Birjand Dental School in 2018-19","authors":"Hanieh Arjmand monfared, M. Khani, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Seyed Ramin Nourbakhsh","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.107","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: The third molar tooth lies with symptoms such as periodontal problems, caries, crowding, root resorption, cyst and tumor formation of the adjacent second molar. This study was to evaluate the position of mandibular third molar teeth and its effect on second adjacent molar teeth.\u0000Materials and Methods: Panoramic radiography was obtained from 264 patients with mandibular third molar hidden teeth referred to the Birjand School of Dentistry in 2018. The material and direction of their placement and the vertical position of the third molar tooth (based on the PELL & Gregory classification) and its placement angle (based on Winter classification) were determined. Also, the prevalence of distal caries, external root resorption, the amounts of displacement, t inflammatory lesions and the cystic was examined in the adjacent second molar tooth. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 19), and Chi-square statistical test, p-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.\u0000Results: The data from this study showed that most of the wisdom hidden teeth were in Class B and III of Pell and Gregory classification, had Mesial angle based on Winter classification. In 20.8% of patients with caries, there was 3% root canal resorption and 1.1% displacement of the second molar tooth, while no cases of inflammatory and cystic lesions in the second molar tooth were found due to the hidden third molar tooth. The Mesial and horizontal angles of impacted wisdom teeth were associated with increased risk of caries and root resorption of the second molar. Also, Class B's third molar teeth increased caries in second molar teeth.\u0000Conclusion: Most pathological problems were observed in Mesial, horizontal, and class B impaction. According to the observed relationship, it seems that the angle and depth of the hidden third molar should be taken into account c when deciding whether or not to extract it.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82531308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-22DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.4.109
Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease. The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity has doubled since 1980 to an extent that nearly a third of the worldchr('39')s population is now classified as overweight or obese. On the other hand, sports scientists have suggested exercise to prevent further spread of this epidemic. In addition to exercise, the use of natural fat-burning supplements such as green tea was able to attract a lot of people. But recently, white tea in some domestic and foreign research was able to show that like green tea and even better, it will have the potential to burn fat. Therefore, it can be suggested that researchers fill the scientific gap by conducting more research on the comparison of green and white tea and its effects on obesity-related indicators.
{"title":"Relationship between white tea and adipose tissue metabolism: The importance and necessity of future research on the effect of white tea on fat oxidation compared to other teas: Letter to the Editor","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.4.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.4.109","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease. The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity has doubled since 1980 to an extent that nearly a third of the worldchr('39')s population is now classified as overweight or obese. On the other hand, sports scientists have suggested exercise to prevent further spread of this epidemic. In addition to exercise, the use of natural fat-burning supplements such as green tea was able to attract a lot of people. But recently, white tea in some domestic and foreign research was able to show that like green tea and even better, it will have the potential to burn fat. Therefore, it can be suggested that researchers fill the scientific gap by conducting more research on the comparison of green and white tea and its effects on obesity-related indicators.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79891706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.103
F. Zarei, K. Vakilian, A. Majidi
Background and Aim: Pregnancy due to physiological and psychological changes can affect the mental health of mothers. This study aims to investigate the Approach of acceptance and commitment based on the fear of delivery pain. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized educational trial with a commitment-based treatment approach that was performed on pregnant women in Arak in 2016-2017. After obtaining written consent forms, 42 subjects were selected through the available sampling method. Subjects were grouped in the intervention group (ACT) and in the control group. Eight 90-minute sessions were held for 8 consecutive weeks of counseling Fear of delivery pain at 10 and one month after the intervention was measured in 2 groups by the Likert scale of pain (1-7) score. Data analysis was performed through repeated measure ANOVA by using SPSS (Version 18). Results: Results showed that the mean pain immediately after the intervention was 2.52±2.20 in the intervention group and 4.66±1.80 in the control group. Which is a month later in the intervention group compared to the control group had a significant decrease (3.52±1.81 vs. 4.52±2.30) (P=0.001). Conclusion: In this study, counseling with the approach of acceptance and commitment reduction the fear of delivery pain, which is the most important reason for choosing cesarean section in women, Therefore, it seems that empowering midwives to counseling approaches can be useful to improve maternal care during pregnancy, especially in the administration of delivery preparation classes.
{"title":"The effect of acceptance and commitment based on the fear of delivery pain- A\u0000randomized educational trial study","authors":"F. Zarei, K. Vakilian, A. Majidi","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2020.27.3.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Pregnancy due to physiological and psychological changes can affect the mental health of mothers.\u0000This study aims to investigate the Approach of acceptance and commitment based on the fear of delivery pain.\u0000Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized educational trial with a commitment-based treatment approach that was performed on pregnant women in Arak in 2016-2017. After obtaining written consent forms, 42 subjects were selected through the available sampling method. Subjects were grouped in the intervention group (ACT) and in the control group. Eight 90-minute sessions were held for 8 consecutive weeks of counseling Fear of delivery pain at 10 and one month after the intervention was measured in 2 groups by the Likert scale of pain (1-7) score. Data analysis was performed through repeated measure ANOVA by using SPSS (Version 18).\u0000Results: Results showed that the mean pain immediately after the intervention was 2.52±2.20 in the intervention group and 4.66±1.80 in the control group. Which is a month later in the intervention group compared to the control group had a significant decrease (3.52±1.81 vs. 4.52±2.30) (P=0.001).\u0000Conclusion: In this study, counseling with the approach of acceptance and commitment reduction the fear of delivery pain, which is the most important reason for choosing cesarean section in women, Therefore, it seems that empowering midwives to counseling approaches can be useful to improve maternal care during pregnancy, especially in the administration of delivery preparation classes.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86863923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.2.109
Mohamad Bagher Ghavami, Behrouz Taghilou, Mohamadreza Jamavar, S. Doosti, J. Mohamadi, Zahra Uonesi
Identification of hard tick species and their hosts are essential for the development of control and prevention programs for tick-borne diseases. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, ticks were collected from the sheep, goat, and camel in different regions of South Khorasan province, Iran in 2018 through cluster sampling method. Fauna and frequency of ticks were recorded and analyzed in SPSS software (version?). In total, 977 ticks were collected, such as: Hyalomma spp, including Hy. dromedarii (40.5%), Hy. anatulicum (30.7%), Hy. marginatum (12.5%), Hy. asciaticum (6.8%), Hy. schulzei (4.4%), Hy. detritum (3.2%), and Hy. scupense (1.1%); Rhipicephalus spp, including Rh. bursa (0.3%), Rh. sanguineus (0.2%); and Haemaphysalis spp, including Ha. concina (0.2%), and Ha. punctate (0.1%). The ticks have a high frequency in the region and the identified species in this study were vectors of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). Moreover, the Hyalomma species is dominant and prevalent throughout the studied region in spring and summer. Therefore the health system of the province has to put into consideration the essential care, education and informing about the CCHF disease.
{"title":"Fauna and frequency of hard ticks of livestock in South Khorasan province in 2018: Short Communication","authors":"Mohamad Bagher Ghavami, Behrouz Taghilou, Mohamadreza Jamavar, S. Doosti, J. Mohamadi, Zahra Uonesi","doi":"10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.2.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.2.109","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of hard tick species and their hosts are essential for the development of control and prevention programs for tick-borne diseases. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, ticks were collected from the sheep, goat, and camel in different regions of South Khorasan province, Iran in 2018 through cluster sampling method. Fauna and frequency of ticks were recorded and analyzed in SPSS software (version?). In total, 977 ticks were collected, such as: Hyalomma spp, including Hy. dromedarii (40.5%), Hy. anatulicum (30.7%), Hy. marginatum (12.5%), Hy. asciaticum (6.8%), Hy. schulzei (4.4%), Hy. detritum (3.2%), and Hy. scupense (1.1%); Rhipicephalus spp, including Rh. bursa (0.3%), Rh. sanguineus (0.2%); and Haemaphysalis spp, including Ha. concina (0.2%), and Ha. punctate (0.1%). The ticks have a high frequency in the region and the identified species in this study were vectors of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). Moreover, the Hyalomma species is dominant and prevalent throughout the studied region in spring and summer. Therefore the health system of the province has to put into consideration the essential care, education and informing about the CCHF disease.","PeriodicalId":31015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73749179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-22DOI: 10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.2.100
M. Babaie
Snakebite affects around 3 or 4 million humans annually leading to more than 100,000 deaths. Coagulopathy is one of the significant causes of both morbidity and mortality in these patients. Accordingly, it is of utmost importance to diagnose and treat coagulation disorder due to bites; in addition, it is accompanied by various clinical aspects, such as pre-coagulation, fibrinogen coagulation time, fibrinolytic, platelet activation, anticoagulant, thrombotic, and bleeding. The main cause of coagulopathy caused by snakebite is the presence of compounds found in snake venom. These compounds are mostly proteins with enzymatic activity and high stability; moreover, they rapidly react with factors in the blood circulatory system and disrupt their correct functioning. Regarding the snake venom compounds, especially their proteins, it should be mentioned that different snakes' venoms have different proteins, which can have a role in coagulation or anticoagulation depending on its amount. The coagulant proteins are subclassified as clotting factor activators and thrombin-like enzymes. The anticoagulant proteins can prevent blood clotting leading to coagulopathy and include phospholipases A2, fibrinolytic, protein C activator, and L-amino acid oxidase (enzymatic anticoagulants) or C-type lectin-like proteins, three-finger toxins (TFTs), and proteinase inhibitors (nonenzymatic anticoagulants). All of these factors cause coagulopathy due to snake bites, which is a clinically important phenomenon and should be carefully examined; otherwise, it would be difficult to make the diagnosis and treatment process. If untreated, coagulopathy can develop quickly and lead to the patient's death.
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