Carolina Madolet Pinto, Edison Gerardo Granados Avellaneda, Carlos Eduardo García Sanchez
Los instrumentos utilizados para cuantificar magnitudes físicas requieren de calibraciones periódicas, para garantizar la fiabilidad y precisión de sus mediciones. Uno de los métodos de calibración de anemómetros más utilizados consiste en la comparación directa de las lecturas obtenidas por el anemómetro que se desea calibrar y por un instrumento patrón, al exponer ambos instrumentos a un gas a la misma velocidad en el interior de un túnel de viento. La presencia del anemómetro que está siendo calibrado supone una obstrucción que puede distorsionar el perfil de velocidad al interior del túnel de viento. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar y modelar el efecto de las obstrucciones causadas por los anemómetros bajo prueba sobre los perfiles de velocidad al interior del túnel de viento WSL 20, de la Corporación CDT de Gas, y así evaluar su influencia sobre los procesos de calibración de instrumentos. Se concluye que el tamaño del anemómetro bajo prueba tiene efecto sobre la velocidad de gas registrada por el instrumento patrón. Los resultados muestran que el tubo de Pitot tipo L no causa una distorsión significativa en el perfil de velocidad, mientras que anemómetros rotativos de diferentes dimensiones ocasionan incrementos en la velocidad registrada por el patrón que varían entre 2,5 % y 5,6 %. Se evidencia la importancia de considerar el efecto de las obstrucciones al interior del túnel de viento y de cuantificar el sesgo que ocasionan, para evitar que este hecho se convierta en un error sistemático dentro del proceso de calibración.
{"title":"Cuantificación del efecto de obstrucciones en el área transversal de un túnel de viento sobre los resultados de la calibración de anemómetros","authors":"Carolina Madolet Pinto, Edison Gerardo Granados Avellaneda, Carlos Eduardo García Sanchez","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2904","url":null,"abstract":"Los instrumentos utilizados para cuantificar magnitudes físicas requieren de calibraciones periódicas, para garantizar la fiabilidad y precisión de sus mediciones. Uno de los métodos de calibración de anemómetros más utilizados consiste en la comparación directa de las lecturas obtenidas por el anemómetro que se desea calibrar y por un instrumento patrón, al exponer ambos instrumentos a un gas a la misma velocidad en el interior de un túnel de viento. La presencia del anemómetro que está siendo calibrado supone una obstrucción que puede distorsionar el perfil de velocidad al interior del túnel de viento. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar y modelar el efecto de las obstrucciones causadas por los anemómetros bajo prueba sobre los perfiles de velocidad al interior del túnel de viento WSL 20, de la Corporación CDT de Gas, y así evaluar su influencia sobre los procesos de calibración de instrumentos. Se concluye que el tamaño del anemómetro bajo prueba tiene efecto sobre la velocidad de gas registrada por el instrumento patrón. Los resultados muestran que el tubo de Pitot tipo L no causa una distorsión significativa en el perfil de velocidad, mientras que anemómetros rotativos de diferentes dimensiones ocasionan incrementos en la velocidad registrada por el patrón que varían entre 2,5 % y 5,6 %. Se evidencia la importancia de considerar el efecto de las obstrucciones al interior del túnel de viento y de cuantificar el sesgo que ocasionan, para evitar que este hecho se convierta en un error sistemático dentro del proceso de calibración.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43985548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En este trabajo se propone la aplicación de algoritmos genéticos para la creación de arreglos musicales polifónicos de música tradicional de la región Andina de Colombia. Se propone, además, una codificación de las notas musicales teniendo en cuenta su duración, altura la aplicación de las reglas de armonía musical en los espacios de búsqueda. La verificación de la efectividad del sistema se realiza desde los puntos de vista matemático y musical.
{"title":"Sistema de generación de arreglos polifónicos para música tradicional de la región andina colombiana basado en algoritmos genéticos","authors":"Clara Marcela Ovalle Cuervo, Sebastián Ramírez Corredor, Helbert Eduardo Espitia Cuchango","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.3103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.3103","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo se propone la aplicación de algoritmos genéticos para la creación de arreglos musicales polifónicos de música tradicional de la región Andina de Colombia. Se propone, además, una codificación de las notas musicales teniendo en cuenta su duración, altura la aplicación de las reglas de armonía musical en los espacios de búsqueda. La verificación de la efectividad del sistema se realiza desde los puntos de vista matemático y musical.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48057242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arley Bejarano Martínez, Andrés Felipe Calvo Salcedo, Carlos Alberto Henao Baena
En este documento se presenta un caso de estudio para evaluar la eficiencia que presentan los descriptores espacio frecuencia en la clasificación de patrones textiles. La metodología de trabajo consta de tres etapas fundamentales, la caracterización, la clasificación y la validación. En la etapa de caracterización se utilizan descriptores como la transformada Wavelet, la transformada de Fourier y la adaptación de la Transformada corta de Fourier en espacio para la generación de un vector de características, a este vector se le computa los momentos estadísticos como Kurtosis, sesgo, media y desviación estándar. Para la etapa de clasificación se analiza el uso de tres métodos del estado del arte como lo son las Máquinas de Soporte Vectorial (SVM), las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA) y el Proceso Gaussiano (GP). Para validar el método se construye una base de datos anotada con diez tipos de telas con un total de 1000 fotos, a las cuales se le aplica el proceso caracterización y clasificación por medio de un experimento Montecarlo. En esta etapa se generan configuraciones aleatorias de entrenamiento (70%) y prueba (30%) obteniendo el desempeño de cada modelo de clasificación. Por último se obtiene la matriz de confusión y se determinan los porcentajes de acierto de cada experimento.
{"title":"Descriptores espacio-frecuencia para identificación automática de patrones de textura en productos textiles utilizando aprendizaje supervisado","authors":"Arley Bejarano Martínez, Andrés Felipe Calvo Salcedo, Carlos Alberto Henao Baena","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.3212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.3212","url":null,"abstract":"En este documento se presenta un caso de estudio para evaluar la eficiencia que presentan los descriptores espacio frecuencia en la clasificación de patrones textiles. La metodología de trabajo consta de tres etapas fundamentales, la caracterización, la clasificación y la validación. En la etapa de caracterización se utilizan descriptores como la transformada Wavelet, la transformada de Fourier y la adaptación de la Transformada corta de Fourier en espacio para la generación de un vector de características, a este vector se le computa los momentos estadísticos como Kurtosis, sesgo, media y desviación estándar. Para la etapa de clasificación se analiza el uso de tres métodos del estado del arte como lo son las Máquinas de Soporte Vectorial (SVM), las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA) y el Proceso Gaussiano (GP). Para validar el método se construye una base de datos anotada con diez tipos de telas con un total de 1000 fotos, a las cuales se le aplica el proceso caracterización y clasificación por medio de un experimento Montecarlo. En esta etapa se generan configuraciones aleatorias de entrenamiento (70%) y prueba (30%) obteniendo el desempeño de cada modelo de clasificación. Por último se obtiene la matriz de confusión y se determinan los porcentajes de acierto de cada experimento.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44250479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuber Mauricio Ruda Arias, Diego Fernando Páez Moreno
Nowadays the great constructions of Colombia and the world, especially road infrastructure, have encouraged the use of high-strength concrete. The use of post-installed anchors has also grown simultaneously in all concrete structures. Therefore an experimental procedure was developed in this investigation to assess post-installed anchor systems based on tensile test specimens with high strength concrete. The evaluation considers the analysis of the tensile tests results of test pieces with an anchoring system for three lengths (6, 9 and 12 times the diameter of the rod) with two rod diameters (3/8” y 5/8”) in two types of high-strength concrete (5000Psi y 6000Psi) to determine the length and effective system load. The analysis carried out on the experimental test is to correlate the result of the maximum strength of steel reinforcement used (fy = 4200Psi) with the variables post anchor system installed. The results obtained are the percentage of system resistance depending on anchor length; the length that ensures steel fluency and their correlations between the percentage of effective resistance reached for each anchorage length and the use of high strength concrete. With the above parameters, the contribution of high strength concretes to the efficiency of the installed anchorage systems was analyzed.
如今，哥伦比亚和世界各地的大型建筑，特别是道路基础设施，都鼓励使用高强度混凝土。在所有混凝土结构中，后安装锚的使用也同时增加。因此，本研究开发了一种实验程序，以评估基于高强度混凝土拉伸试样的后安装锚固系统。评估考虑了对两种类型的高强度混凝土（5000Psi y 6000Psi）中具有三个长度（6、9和12倍钢筋直径）和两个钢筋直径（3/8“y 5/8”）的锚固系统试件的拉伸试验结果的分析，以确定长度和有效系统载荷。对实验试验进行的分析是将所用钢筋的最大强度（fy=4200Psi）的结果与安装的可变后锚固系统相关联。获得的结果是系统阻力的百分比取决于锚固长度；确保钢筋流畅性的长度，以及每个锚固长度达到的有效阻力百分比与高强度混凝土使用之间的相关性。利用上述参数，分析了高强度混凝土对已安装锚固系统效率的贡献。
{"title":"Anclajes posinstalados en concretos de alta resistencia","authors":"Yuber Mauricio Ruda Arias, Diego Fernando Páez Moreno","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2208","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays the great constructions of Colombia and the world, especially road infrastructure, have encouraged the use of high-strength concrete. The use of post-installed anchors has also grown simultaneously in all concrete structures. Therefore an experimental procedure was developed in this investigation to assess post-installed anchor systems based on tensile test specimens with high strength concrete. The evaluation considers the analysis of the tensile tests results of test pieces with an anchoring system for three lengths (6, 9 and 12 times the diameter of the rod) with two rod diameters (3/8” y 5/8”) in two types of high-strength concrete (5000Psi y 6000Psi) to determine the length and effective system load. The analysis carried out on the experimental test is to correlate the result of the maximum strength of steel reinforcement used (fy = 4200Psi) with the variables post anchor system installed. The results obtained are the percentage of system resistance depending on anchor length; the length that ensures steel fluency and their correlations between the percentage of effective resistance reached for each anchorage length and the use of high strength concrete. With the above parameters, the contribution of high strength concretes to the efficiency of the installed anchorage systems was analyzed.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.18359/RCIN.2208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49172136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La gestion del riesgo es un componente fundamental para la ordenacion de cuencas hidrograficas y, en general, para la gestion integral del territorio; sin embargo, los ejercicios de gestion del riesgo han sido hegemonizados desde las visiones parciales de las ciencias naturales y aplicadas, por lo que se han centrado principalmente en el analisis de amenazas, y se ha dado menor importancia a los componentes de la vulnerabilidad. Este trabajo esboza una propuesta metodologica para el analisis y la espacializacion de la vulnerabilidad ante amenazas de inundacion, remocion en masa y flujos torrenciales, soportada en un marco teorico holistico y en el uso de sistemas de informacion geografica. Dicha metodologia se aplico a una microcuenca del rio Combeima, ubicada en el departamento del Tolima. Los resultados obtenidos permiten verificar su viabilidad practica, siendo ademas susceptible de generalizacion.
{"title":"Metodología para el análisis de vulnerabilidad ante amenazas de inundación, remoción en masa y flujos torrenciales en cuencas hidrográficas","authors":"Jorge Mario Vera Rodíguez, A. Calderón","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2309","url":null,"abstract":"La gestion del riesgo es un componente fundamental para la ordenacion de cuencas hidrograficas y, en general, para la gestion integral del territorio; sin embargo, los ejercicios de gestion del riesgo han sido hegemonizados desde las visiones parciales de las ciencias naturales y aplicadas, por lo que se han centrado principalmente en el analisis de amenazas, y se ha dado menor importancia a los componentes de la vulnerabilidad. Este trabajo esboza una propuesta metodologica para el analisis y la espacializacion de la vulnerabilidad ante amenazas de inundacion, remocion en masa y flujos torrenciales, soportada en un marco teorico holistico y en el uso de sistemas de informacion geografica. Dicha metodologia se aplico a una microcuenca del rio Combeima, ubicada en el departamento del Tolima. Los resultados obtenidos permiten verificar su viabilidad practica, siendo ademas susceptible de generalizacion.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.18359/RCIN.2309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43641016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Femado Grisales, Bonie Johana Restrepo Cuestas, Fredy Esteban Jaramillo
Distributed generation (DG) is presented as a support to supply the demand of the system in a localized way, also allowing small-scale generation with renewable energy sources. As a main contribution, this document presents several considerations to be taken into account when analyzing, modeling and solving the problem of location and dimensioning of DG in the distribution grid. Initially, the technical aspects of the network are outlined as well the load modeling, and DG impacts; followed by the formulation of the mathematical model of the problem, main solution techniques, methodologies applied in the literature. Finally, it shows future research in this field of study All the above to improve the operating conditions of the network. Within the review of the papers presented by the different authors, it was found that a large part of the studies focus on the technical aspects, without taking into account the costs associated with the integration of DG, nor the economic incentives that can Be susceptible to this type of projects, which are of vital importance in assessing the feasibility of the integration proposal.
{"title":"Ubicación y dimensionamiento de generación distribuida: Una revisión","authors":"Luis Femado Grisales, Bonie Johana Restrepo Cuestas, Fredy Esteban Jaramillo","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2344","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed generation (DG) is presented as a support to supply the demand of the system in a localized way, also allowing small-scale generation with renewable energy sources. As a main contribution, this document presents several considerations to be taken into account when analyzing, modeling and solving the problem of location and dimensioning of DG in the distribution grid. Initially, the technical aspects of the network are outlined as well the load modeling, and DG impacts; followed by the formulation of the mathematical model of the problem, main solution techniques, methodologies applied in the literature. Finally, it shows future research in this field of study All the above to improve the operating conditions of the network. Within the review of the papers presented by the different authors, it was found that a large part of the studies focus on the technical aspects, without taking into account the costs associated with the integration of DG, nor the economic incentives that can Be susceptible to this type of projects, which are of vital importance in assessing the feasibility of the integration proposal.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41573838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dayanis Esther Pacheco Redondo, Ernesto Amaru Galvis-Lista, Mayda Patricia González-Zabala
The development of e-government has been promoted as a strategy to improve: the efficiency and effectiveness of public administration, facilitate the conduct of proceedings, saving time and money, increase transparency, close the government with the different actors, and seek greater participation in decision making. Given the importance of e-government has for several countries, including Colombia, it is important to analyze what aspects are considered, by the academic and scientific community, for measuring and monitoring its development. In that sense, the purpose of this article is to present the analysis of variables and indicators published in the scientific literature in the period of 2004-2014 to measure the e-government. In addition, a scientometric analysis was performed for the literature published in 2015 and 2016. To identify the documents to analyze a systematic literature review was conducted. Subsequently the variables and the indicators were classified and analyzed. The results show the interest in measuring aspects of the services offered on the e-government and the use of standards for the development of portals. In addition, the characterization of users was identified as an important aspect in the measurement process. The results can become a starting point for building measurement systems of e-government.
{"title":"Análisis de variables e indicadores para medir el e-gobierno publicados en la literatura científica","authors":"Dayanis Esther Pacheco Redondo, Ernesto Amaru Galvis-Lista, Mayda Patricia González-Zabala","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2226","url":null,"abstract":"The development of e-government has been promoted as a strategy to improve: the efficiency and effectiveness of public administration, facilitate the conduct of proceedings, saving time and money, increase transparency, close the government with the different actors, and seek greater participation in decision making. Given the importance of e-government has for several countries, including Colombia, it is important to analyze what aspects are considered, by the academic and scientific community, for measuring and monitoring its development. In that sense, the purpose of this article is to present the analysis of variables and indicators published in the scientific literature in the period of 2004-2014 to measure the e-government. In addition, a scientometric analysis was performed for the literature published in 2015 and 2016. To identify the documents to analyze a systematic literature review was conducted. Subsequently the variables and the indicators were classified and analyzed. The results show the interest in measuring aspects of the services offered on the e-government and the use of standards for the development of portals. In addition, the characterization of users was identified as an important aspect in the measurement process. The results can become a starting point for building measurement systems of e-government.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Fernando Marulanda Cardona, Paola A. Buitrago, D. Acosta
Landfill leachate treatment has been the focus of a great deal of research through different physicochemical and biological methods. However, no single method successfully addresses the required destruction efficiencies regarding organic matter and nitrogen, which is why the treatment is done employing combined technologies. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), a process that takes place at temperatures and pressures above the critical point of water and in the presence of a source of oxygen, has been successfully applied to the treatment of different types of wastewaters in an efficient way. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental study of the supercritical water oxidation of landfill leachate in a batch reactor in the temperature range 400-500°C, reaction times from 15 to 30 minutes and oxygen excess (OE) from 100% to 300 %. Total organic carbon (TOC) and Total nitrogen (TN) destruction efficiencies were measured in the reactor effluent samples and the combined effect of the studied factors was analyzed by means of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Optimal operation conditions for TOC destruction were 400°C, 30 min and 100 % OE, being 500°C, 30 min and 100 % OE for TN destruction. Contrary to what has been reported in similar studies, the results suggest that it is possible to accomplish the simultaneous TOC and TN destruction in leachate wastewater by SCWO treatment at 400°C, 100 % OE and residence times longer than 30 min and without using a catalyst, either in batch or in a continuous process, as long as both the oxidant and the wastewater are mixed and heated together at the reaction temperature.
{"title":"Landfill leachate treatment by batch supercritical water oxidation","authors":"Victor Fernando Marulanda Cardona, Paola A. Buitrago, D. Acosta","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2305","url":null,"abstract":"Landfill leachate treatment has been the focus of a great deal of research through different physicochemical and biological methods. However, no single method successfully addresses the required destruction efficiencies regarding organic matter and nitrogen, which is why the treatment is done employing combined technologies. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), a process that takes place at temperatures and pressures above the critical point of water and in the presence of a source of oxygen, has been successfully applied to the treatment of different types of wastewaters in an efficient way. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental study of the supercritical water oxidation of landfill leachate in a batch reactor in the temperature range 400-500°C, reaction times from 15 to 30 minutes and oxygen excess (OE) from 100% to 300 %. Total organic carbon (TOC) and Total nitrogen (TN) destruction efficiencies were measured in the reactor effluent samples and the combined effect of the studied factors was analyzed by means of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Optimal operation conditions for TOC destruction were 400°C, 30 min and 100 % OE, being 500°C, 30 min and 100 % OE for TN destruction. Contrary to what has been reported in similar studies, the results suggest that it is possible to accomplish the simultaneous TOC and TN destruction in leachate wastewater by SCWO treatment at 400°C, 100 % OE and residence times longer than 30 min and without using a catalyst, either in batch or in a continuous process, as long as both the oxidant and the wastewater are mixed and heated together at the reaction temperature.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46231877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Jaime Peláez Arroyave, S. Restrepo, Diego Hernán Giraldo Vásquez
The generation of rubber waste has become a global concern for its negative impact on the environment and human health. Environmental legislation on the disposal of this kind of residue has been increasing the demands on the manufacturers, traders, and users; therefore, has accelerated the search for alternatives to reclaim rubber waste. This article presents a bibliographical review of the main tendencies in the use of recycled rubber, including currently commercialized applications and others derived from finished studies or ongoing research lines. The applications with greater potential regarding consumed volume are related to infrastructure and civil construction sector, especially asphalts, concretes and isolators for lightweight construction. Some other applications with potential shortly are filters for cleaning contaminated water and as a component in thermoplastic matrix or polyurethane composites materials. Finally, it is evident the pertinence of continuing research on this subject that has scientific challenges of high relevance, which warrant the greatest attention for the management of rubber waste.
{"title":"Aplicaciones de caucho reciclado: Una revisión de la literatura","authors":"Gabriel Jaime Peláez Arroyave, S. Restrepo, Diego Hernán Giraldo Vásquez","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2143","url":null,"abstract":"The generation of rubber waste has become a global concern for its negative impact on the environment and human health. Environmental legislation on the disposal of this kind of residue has been increasing the demands on the manufacturers, traders, and users; therefore, has accelerated the search for alternatives to reclaim rubber waste. This article presents a bibliographical review of the main tendencies in the use of recycled rubber, including currently commercialized applications and others derived from finished studies or ongoing research lines. The applications with greater potential regarding consumed volume are related to infrastructure and civil construction sector, especially asphalts, concretes and isolators for lightweight construction. Some other applications with potential shortly are filters for cleaning contaminated water and as a component in thermoplastic matrix or polyurethane composites materials. Finally, it is evident the pertinence of continuing research on this subject that has scientific challenges of high relevance, which warrant the greatest attention for the management of rubber waste.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45421589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Raúl Machado Fernández, Jesús de la Concepción Bacallao Vidal
The new LN-MoM-CA-CFAR detector is introduced, exhibiting a reduced deviation of the operational false alarm probability from the value conceived in the design. The solution solves a fundamental problem of CFAR processors that has been ignored in most proposals. Indeed, most of the previously proposed schemes deal with sudden changes in the clutter level, whereas the new solution has an improved performance against slow statistical changes that occur in the background signal. It has been proven that these slow changes have a remarkable influence on the selection of the CFAR adjustment factor, and consequently in maintaining the false alarm probability. The authors took advantage of the high precision achieved by the MoM (Method of Moments) in the estimation of the Log-Normal (LN) shape parameter, and the wide application of this distribution to radar clutter modeling, to create an architecture that offers precise results and it’s computationally inexpensive at the same time. After an intensive processing, involving 100 million Log-Normal samples, a scheme, which operates with excellent stability reaching a deviation of only 0,2884 % for the probability of false alarm of 0,01, was created, improving the classical CA-CFAR detector through the continuous correction of its scale factor.
介绍了一种新的LN MoM CA CFAR检测器，它减少了操作虚警概率与设计中设想的值的偏差。该解决方案解决了CFAR处理器的一个基本问题，该问题在大多数提案中都被忽视了。事实上，以前提出的大多数方案都处理杂波电平的突然变化，而新的解决方案在对抗背景信号中发生的缓慢统计变化时具有改进的性能。已经证明，这些缓慢的变化对CFAR调整因子的选择有显著影响，从而对保持误报概率有显著影响。作者利用MoM（矩量法）在对数正态（LN）形状参数估计中实现的高精度，以及这种分布在雷达杂波建模中的广泛应用，创建了一种既能提供精确结果又计算成本低廉的架构。经过涉及1亿个对数正态样本的密集处理，创建了一个方案，该方案具有良好的稳定性，在误报概率为0,01时，偏差仅为02884%，通过对其比例因子的连续校正来改进经典的CA-CFAR检测器。
{"title":"Cell Averaging CFAR Detector with Scale Factor Correction through the Method of Moments for the Log-Normal Distribution","authors":"José Raúl Machado Fernández, Jesús de la Concepción Bacallao Vidal","doi":"10.18359/RCIN.2408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18359/RCIN.2408","url":null,"abstract":"The new LN-MoM-CA-CFAR detector is introduced, exhibiting a reduced deviation of the operational false alarm probability from the value conceived in the design. The solution solves a fundamental problem of CFAR processors that has been ignored in most proposals. Indeed, most of the previously proposed schemes deal with sudden changes in the clutter level, whereas the new solution has an improved performance against slow statistical changes that occur in the background signal. It has been proven that these slow changes have a remarkable influence on the selection of the CFAR adjustment factor, and consequently in maintaining the false alarm probability. The authors took advantage of the high precision achieved by the MoM (Method of Moments) in the estimation of the Log-Normal (LN) shape parameter, and the wide application of this distribution to radar clutter modeling, to create an architecture that offers precise results and it’s computationally inexpensive at the same time. After an intensive processing, involving 100 million Log-Normal samples, a scheme, which operates with excellent stability reaching a deviation of only 0,2884 % for the probability of false alarm of 0,01, was created, improving the classical CA-CFAR detector through the continuous correction of its scale factor.","PeriodicalId":31201,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49172435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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