Diaspora is a locale where both the pain and hope work together. The pain of being separated from one’s homeland is compensated with the hope of a better life than that of home back. The creative writings of the diasporas reflect the same dichotomy of pain and hope. This exploratory study on Bhutanese Nepali diasporic poetry displays the same features: the Bhutanese Nepali diasporans have a life full of pain at the loss of their homeland, but they are living with the hope for good life in the days ahead. On the one hand, the trauma they have undergone because of expulsion from their homeland, the experience of being refugees in Nepal for about two decades, and the hardship of transition caused by the third country settlement has been expressed in their poems. On the other hand, their creations show the rays of hope for their life ahead in the host land. They have hopes for a good life, for the preservation of their culture, and real return to Bhutan. In both the themes and styles, many poems simultaneously display both of these aspects of their lives.
{"title":"The Dichotomy of Pain and Hope in Bhutanese Nepali Diasporic Poetry","authors":"R. Timalsina","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33597","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000 Diaspora is a locale where both the pain and hope work together. The pain of being separated from one’s homeland is compensated with the hope of a better life than that of home back. The creative writings of the diasporas reflect the same dichotomy of pain and hope. This exploratory study on Bhutanese Nepali diasporic poetry displays the same features: the Bhutanese Nepali diasporans have a life full of pain at the loss of their homeland, but they are living with the hope for good life in the days ahead. On the one hand, the trauma they have undergone because of expulsion from their homeland, the experience of being refugees in Nepal for about two decades, and the hardship of transition caused by the third country settlement has been expressed in their poems. On the other hand, their creations show the rays of hope for their life ahead in the host land. They have hopes for a good life, for the preservation of their culture, and real return to Bhutan. In both the themes and styles, many poems simultaneously display both of these aspects of their lives.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115405697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the primary information collected by using in-depth interviews among migrant students and their family members in Chandragiri Municipality-13 of Kathmandu, this paper explores some issues concerning the international migration of educated youths in sending society. In particular this paper explores the connection of those migrant students with their community of origin by means of remittance, investment and knowledge sharing and to examine consequences of such migrations in developing countries in general and in the community of origin in particular. Purposive sampling methods have been employed for selection of my participants for the study. Through the Saturation method fourteen respondents were selected for an interview. Among the respondents seven were migrants and seven were migrant's parents. This paper reaches two conclusions; first, Economic loss to sending society and second, they are unlikely to use knowledge and investment in sending society.
{"title":"Consequences of International Migration: A Qualitative Study on Migrants and Migrant’s Parents in Chandragiri Municipality-13, Kathmandu","authors":"Anil Rana","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33580","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the primary information collected by using in-depth interviews among migrant students and their family members in Chandragiri Municipality-13 of Kathmandu, this paper explores some issues concerning the international migration of educated youths in sending society. In particular this paper explores the connection of those migrant students with their community of origin by means of remittance, investment and knowledge sharing and to examine consequences of such migrations in developing countries in general and in the community of origin in particular. Purposive sampling methods have been employed for selection of my participants for the study. Through the Saturation method fourteen respondents were selected for an interview. Among the respondents seven were migrants and seven were migrant's parents. This paper reaches two conclusions; first, Economic loss to sending society and second, they are unlikely to use knowledge and investment in sending society.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124244184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Education policies are considered as the strategic link between the education's vision and day-to-day operations of education system of a nation. The comprehensive education policies allow to the decision makers and employees to understand their role and responsibilities within predefined limits. Education policies allow management to guide operations without constant management intervention. Education policies in Nepal have been considered as a predetermined course of action which is established to provide a guide toward accepted strategies and objectives. These policies identify the key activities and provide a general strategy to decision-makers on how to handle issues as they arise. Policies also help to eliminate the common misunderstandings by identifying job responsibilities and establishing boundaries for the job holders. The present study deals with the issues regarding Education Policy Practice focusing on development of basic and primary education in Nepal. Therefore, the major concern of the study is to examine the development of basic and primary education in Nepal.
{"title":"Education Policies and Practices for Basic and Primary Education Development in Nepal","authors":"Bisna Acharya","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33584","url":null,"abstract":"Education policies are considered as the strategic link between the education's vision and day-to-day operations of education system of a nation. The comprehensive education policies allow to the decision makers and employees to understand their role and responsibilities within predefined limits. Education policies allow management to guide operations without constant management intervention. Education policies in Nepal have been considered as a predetermined course of action which is established to provide a guide toward accepted strategies and objectives. These policies identify the key activities and provide a general strategy to decision-makers on how to handle issues as they arise. Policies also help to eliminate the common misunderstandings by identifying job responsibilities and establishing boundaries for the job holders. The present study deals with the issues regarding Education Policy Practice focusing on development of basic and primary education in Nepal. Therefore, the major concern of the study is to examine the development of basic and primary education in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132252713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teacher Professional Development is a process of improving both the teachers' academic excellence and acquisition of greater competence and efficiency. It helps to develop various kinds of professional skills, knowledge, techniques, and ICTs used in teaching and learning. The purpose of this study was to find out the attitude and practice of teachers on teacher professional development in public campuses. It also aimed to find out the existing policies and provisions regarding the modalities of teachers' professional development at public campuses. This study was based on a qualitative research design with phenomenological methods. The participants of the study were two teachers of the different public campuses of Rupendehi district. They were selected using a purposive sampling method. The data were collected by taking in-depth interviews of the participants using unstructured guideline questions. The interview questions were directed to the participant's experiences, feelings, beliefs, and convictions about the theme in the research questions. The findings of this study revealed that teachers’ professional development is the most important factor for improving teachers professionally, academically, and technically but professional development activities of the public campuses are not satisfactory.
{"title":"Teachers Professional Development at Public Campuses: Attitude and Practice","authors":"Dinesh Panthee","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33586","url":null,"abstract":" Teacher Professional Development is a process of improving both the teachers' academic excellence and acquisition of greater competence and efficiency. It helps to develop various kinds of professional skills, knowledge, techniques, and ICTs used in teaching and learning. The purpose of this study was to find out the attitude and practice of teachers on teacher professional development in public campuses. It also aimed to find out the existing policies and provisions regarding the modalities of teachers' professional development at public campuses. This study was based on a qualitative research design with phenomenological methods. The participants of the study were two teachers of the different public campuses of Rupendehi district. They were selected using a purposive sampling method. The data were collected by taking in-depth interviews of the participants using unstructured guideline questions. The interview questions were directed to the participant's experiences, feelings, beliefs, and convictions about the theme in the research questions. The findings of this study revealed that teachers’ professional development is the most important factor for improving teachers professionally, academically, and technically but professional development activities of the public campuses are not satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129212572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population, Health and Development: Perspectives on Uttarakhand T.V. Sekher, Abhishek Singh and Sulabha Parasuraman (Editors) New Delhi: Academic Foundation in association with International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 2013, 558 pp.","authors":"K. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33599","url":null,"abstract":"Not available.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115961735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. M. Shrestha, I. B. Karki, N. Chapagain, K. Poudyal
Population growth, mechanization, and industrialization are the by product of human civilization and its resultant impacts goes to degrade the natural environment by the affecting of air-pollution and also associated with climatic change. Linke turbidity factor (LT) is an important parameter for assessing the air pollution at Jumla (Lat.:29.28o N, Long.: 82.16o E and Alt. 2300 masl). Because of the unavailability of spectral measurements data , a model has been used to estimate the Linke turbidity factor (TL) from broadband measurement of Global Solar radiation in 2012 .The annual average solar insolation, clearness index (KT) and extinction coefficient (K) are 5.11 ±2.34kWh/m2/day ,0.71 ± 0.12 and 0.25 ± 0.13 respectively. Similarly, the annual average value of Linke turbidity factor (LT) and visibility 1.97± 0.47 and 28.09 ± 21.08 km are found. Finally it is found that there is strong relation between Linke turbidity factor and meteorological parameters i.e. relative humidity, temperature, water content, ozone and rain fall.
{"title":"Study of Linke Turbidity Factor on Solar Radiation over Jumla","authors":"P. M. Shrestha, I. B. Karki, N. Chapagain, K. Poudyal","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33595","url":null,"abstract":" Population growth, mechanization, and industrialization are the by product of human civilization and its resultant impacts goes to degrade the natural environment by the affecting of air-pollution and also associated with climatic change. Linke turbidity factor (LT) is an important parameter for assessing the air pollution at Jumla (Lat.:29.28o N, Long.: 82.16o E and Alt. 2300 masl). Because of the unavailability of spectral measurements data , a model has been used to estimate the Linke turbidity factor (TL) from broadband measurement of Global Solar radiation in 2012 .The annual average solar insolation, clearness index (KT) and extinction coefficient (K) are 5.11 ±2.34kWh/m2/day ,0.71 ± 0.12 and 0.25 ± 0.13 respectively. Similarly, the annual average value of Linke turbidity factor (LT) and visibility 1.97± 0.47 and 28.09 ± 21.08 km are found. Finally it is found that there is strong relation between Linke turbidity factor and meteorological parameters i.e. relative humidity, temperature, water content, ozone and rain fall.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130350146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines Rajendra Bimal’s “The Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again” is a post-conflict narrative which describes a poor and insurgency affected family living in the very hinterland of Nepal and their traumatic experience: fleeing away from home for safety, leaving the very adorable daughter to an unknown person and determining to live with the situation going on during the Maoist war. The story has been analyzed from the author’s narrative of adversity and trauma along with some thematic description. The themes include: perception of impending violence, trauma in the lives of commoners and gradual development from severe stress to determination to face the challenge. Nepal’s ten years long insurgency, a great loss in the country in the name of bringing peace and solidarity, has taken the lives of thousands of people and millions of others have been mentally and physically wounded. Hence, they are in trauma and their testimony has been a significant inscription of the history for those who want to know how innocent and common people were targeted. Here, I examine the story from personal trauma to the conflict generated consequences in the lives of affected people using content analysis of the personal, group, and socio-political factors associated with Bimal’s understanding of the People’s War, and of violence. Discussing the expected findings, this article centers on the common people’s fear of war and embedded peace in the country. Rajendra Bimal’s “The Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again”, as a traumatic testimony of the insurgency, has been analyzed in this article to bring out the facts.
本文检视Rajendra Bimal的《Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again》，这是一篇冲突后的叙述，描述了一个生活在尼泊尔内陆的贫穷且受叛乱影响的家庭，以及他们的创伤经历:逃离家园寻求安全，将非常可爱的女儿留给一个不知名的人，并决定在毛派战争期间的情况下生活。从作者对逆境和创伤的叙述以及一些主题描写的角度来分析这个故事。主题包括:对即将发生的暴力的感知、平民生活中的创伤以及从严重压力到决心面对挑战的逐渐发展。尼泊尔长达十年的叛乱以实现和平与团结的名义给该国造成了巨大损失，夺走了数千人的生命，数百万人在精神和身体上受到伤害。因此，他们处于创伤之中，他们的证词对那些想知道无辜和普通人是如何成为攻击目标的人来说是一个重要的历史铭文。在这里，我通过对个人、群体和社会政治因素的内容分析来研究这个故事，从个人创伤到冲突在受影响的人们的生活中产生的后果，这些因素与比尔对人民战争和暴力的理解有关。在讨论预期的调查结果时，本文集中讨论了普通民众对战争的恐惧以及该国的嵌入式和平。本文分析了Rajendra Bimal的《Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again》，作为叛乱的创伤证词，以揭示事实。
{"title":"Traumatic Testimony and Remembering in “The Lankuri Tree will Blossom Again”","authors":"Badri Prasad Pokharel","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33582","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines Rajendra Bimal’s “The Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again” is a post-conflict narrative which describes a poor and insurgency affected family living in the very hinterland of Nepal and their traumatic experience: fleeing away from home for safety, leaving the very adorable daughter to an unknown person and determining to live with the situation going on during the Maoist war. The story has been analyzed from the author’s narrative of adversity and trauma along with some thematic description. The themes include: perception of impending violence, trauma in the lives of commoners and gradual development from severe stress to determination to face the challenge. Nepal’s ten years long insurgency, a great loss in the country in the name of bringing peace and solidarity, has taken the lives of thousands of people and millions of others have been mentally and physically wounded. Hence, they are in trauma and their testimony has been a significant inscription of the history for those who want to know how innocent and common people were targeted. Here, I examine the story from personal trauma to the conflict generated consequences in the lives of affected people using content analysis of the personal, group, and socio-political factors associated with Bimal’s understanding of the People’s War, and of violence. Discussing the expected findings, this article centers on the common people’s fear of war and embedded peace in the country. Rajendra Bimal’s “The Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again”, as a traumatic testimony of the insurgency, has been analyzed in this article to bring out the facts.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133575354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Democracy allows the expression of political preferences of citizens in a state. It advocates the rule of law, constraints on executive’s power, and guarantees the provision of civil liberties. It also manages to ensure human rights and fundamental freedoms of people. In democracy, people are supposed to exercise their freely expressed will. Ordinary people hold the political power of the state and rule directly or through elected representatives inside a democratic form of government. Democracy is a participatory and liberal way of governing a country. Different countries in the world have been practicing various models of democracy. There remains the participation of people in government and policy-making of the state under democracy. But when the majority can pull the strings of the society without there being legislation for protecting the rights of the minority, it may create a severe risk of oppression. Many countries of the world at the present time are facing democratic deficits. In several countries, the democratic practices are not adequately regulated and governed, as a result, the rise of violations of rules of law is observed. Even a few countries practicing democracy are not living peacefully. This situation has put a significant question about the need and sustainability of democracy. Democracy is a widely used system of governance beyond having several challenges. Here the concept, origin, models, dimensions, practices, challenges, solutions, and future of democracy are dealt to understand the structure of ideal democracy.
{"title":"Facets of Democracy: An Overview","authors":"A. Kharel","doi":"10.3126/mef.v9i0.33581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v9i0.33581","url":null,"abstract":" Democracy allows the expression of political preferences of citizens in a state. It advocates the rule of law, constraints on executive’s power, and guarantees the provision of civil liberties. It also manages to ensure human rights and fundamental freedoms of people. In democracy, people are supposed to exercise their freely expressed will. Ordinary people hold the political power of the state and rule directly or through elected representatives inside a democratic form of government. Democracy is a participatory and liberal way of governing a country. Different countries in the world have been practicing various models of democracy. There remains the participation of people in government and policy-making of the state under democracy. But when the majority can pull the strings of the society without there being legislation for protecting the rights of the minority, it may create a severe risk of oppression. Many countries of the world at the present time are facing democratic deficits. In several countries, the democratic practices are not adequately regulated and governed, as a result, the rise of violations of rules of law is observed. Even a few countries practicing democracy are not living peacefully. This situation has put a significant question about the need and sustainability of democracy. Democracy is a widely used system of governance beyond having several challenges. Here the concept, origin, models, dimensions, practices, challenges, solutions, and future of democracy are dealt to understand the structure of ideal democracy.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130611266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This concept paper calls the local bodies of the Government of Nepal to explore collaboration with the development organizations at the juncture of state restructuring following the declaration of The Constitution of Nepal 2015. The paper employs a social constructivist approach to look at development governance and suggests collaboration based on strengths perspective for effective and efficient development practice in Nepal. This concept paper is based on primary experiences of the author and secondary literature review. It suggests a three-pronged approach for collaboration and offers insights on the basics of such collaboration.
{"title":"Re-envisioning Development Governance in Nepal: Exploring Collaboration between Development Organizations and Local Levels","authors":"Sanjeev Dahal","doi":"10.3126/MEF.V8I0.22443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MEF.V8I0.22443","url":null,"abstract":"This concept paper calls the local bodies of the Government of Nepal to explore collaboration with the development organizations at the juncture of state restructuring following the declaration of The Constitution of Nepal 2015. The paper employs a social constructivist approach to look at development governance and suggests collaboration based on strengths perspective for effective and efficient development practice in Nepal. This concept paper is based on primary experiences of the author and secondary literature review. It suggests a three-pronged approach for collaboration and offers insights on the basics of such collaboration.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125418999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is assumed that the main aspect of the Constitution of Nepal promulgated on September 20, 2015 is the transfer of power from central/federal to the provincial and local government. However, the devolution process has not been satisfactorily experienced as had been expected when it was promulgated by the overwhelming majority of the then Constituent Assembly. One of the reasons for this slow progress might be some confusion and/ or problem in matters of power sharing between different levels of governments. So, the primary objective of the researcher is to review the power sharing modality existing in the new constitution on different sectors and areas of the state machinery. This paper focuses on the federal structure, demography, power sharing between the provincial and local level, opportunities and challenges of federalism in Nepal. It argues that the restructuring initiatives have not been successful in minimizing the political, social, economic, regional and ethnic inequalities that were inherent in the previous political systems for nearly 240 years of a unitary system of governance in Nepal. This paper also explores the implications of Nepal‘s new Federal Constitution for local governance, fiscal policies, cultural identity and other related issues.
{"title":"Federalism: Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal","authors":"G. P. Gyawali","doi":"10.3126/MEF.V8I0.22439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MEF.V8I0.22439","url":null,"abstract":"It is assumed that the main aspect of the Constitution of Nepal promulgated on September 20, 2015 is the transfer of power from central/federal to the provincial and local government. However, the devolution process has not been satisfactorily experienced as had been expected when it was promulgated by the overwhelming majority of the then Constituent Assembly. One of the reasons for this slow progress might be some confusion and/ or problem in matters of power sharing between different levels of governments. So, the primary objective of the researcher is to review the power sharing modality existing in the new constitution on different sectors and areas of the state machinery. This paper focuses on the federal structure, demography, power sharing between the provincial and local level, opportunities and challenges of federalism in Nepal. It argues that the restructuring initiatives have not been successful in minimizing the political, social, economic, regional and ethnic inequalities that were inherent in the previous political systems for nearly 240 years of a unitary system of governance in Nepal. This paper also explores the implications of Nepal‘s new Federal Constitution for local governance, fiscal policies, cultural identity and other related issues.","PeriodicalId":313268,"journal":{"name":"Molung Educational Frontier","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115826637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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