Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2023.3.21-28
Mustafa G. Mustafayev, A.I. Hajiyev, A.Kh. Hasanova
The article is devoted to improvement of the agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan, creation of an abundance of crops, solution of the reliable supply of food products to the population, provision of efficient use of water resources in the country, improvement of water management, etc. The ways of development of the country's reclamation and water management by summarizing the results of multi-year data and scientific-research works were examined and noted, the reforms carried out in this field, major construction works, the potential development of grain growing, cotton growing, tobacco growing, cocoon growing and other fields in the country, as well as new information on the melioration measures performed as a result of the implementation of the tasks related to the creation of agroparks and large farms was examined, as well as information was given on the works being carried out on the improvement of the melioration potential, and the improvement of the water supply and melioration condition of the irrigated lands with the implementation of the measures planned for the future, the improvement of the newly irrigated lands as a result of its commissioning, reliable provision of bread and food products to the country's population at the expense of domestic production; Information about the implementation of various projects for the protection of buildings and other infrastructure objects from the harmful effects of floods and floodwaters, and for their more efficient use due to the regulation of water resources of rivers has been mentioned.
{"title":"The potential development way of Azerbaijan's melioriation and water management area","authors":"Mustafa G. Mustafayev, A.I. Hajiyev, A.Kh. Hasanova","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2023.3.21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2023.3.21-28","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to improvement of the agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan, creation of an abundance of crops, solution of the reliable supply of food products to the population, provision of efficient use of water resources in the country, improvement of water management, etc. The ways of development of the country's reclamation and water management by summarizing the results of multi-year data and scientific-research works were examined and noted, the reforms carried out in this field, major construction works, the potential development of grain growing, cotton growing, tobacco growing, cocoon growing and other fields in the country, as well as new information on the melioration measures performed as a result of the implementation of the tasks related to the creation of agroparks and large farms was examined, as well as information was given on the works being carried out on the improvement of the melioration potential, and the improvement of the water supply and melioration condition of the irrigated lands with the implementation of the measures planned for the future, the improvement of the newly irrigated lands as a result of its commissioning, reliable provision of bread and food products to the country's population at the expense of domestic production; Information about the implementation of various projects for the protection of buildings and other infrastructure objects from the harmful effects of floods and floodwaters, and for their more efficient use due to the regulation of water resources of rivers has been mentioned.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2023.3.75-93
S. Dovgiy, O. Kopiika, Oleksii S. Kozlov, Alina O. Lytvynenko
The development of the System Architecture of the IT infrastructure focused on the usage of modern Data Centers is considered. The purpose of the research is to develop a strategy for the development of the System Architecture of the IT infrastructure based on the usage of advanced methodologies and concepts of leading manufacturer’s hardware and software. The following principle of IT infrastructure construction is formulated: IT infrastructure architectures define a set of services. IT services are provided to three groups of clients. IT services and clients are connected by 5 implementation scenarios. The integration of IT services is determined by 5 architectures. As IT services, we understand information technologies aimed at maintaining the following elements in technically good condition: network devices, computing equipment, data storage devices, automatic software deployment services, network services, perimeter protection services, directory services, file and print services, data management services, business application services, IT management services, archiving and recovery services, certificate management services, integration services. Architectures define the fundamental principles of building IT services and their relationship. One of the most important architectures is the architecture of software applications. The architecture of software applications is determined by the business needs of the corporation and the approaches, methods of creating applications by a specific developer. It defines the execution environment for applications, mechanisms of communication between applications and components, tools for controlling the application and managing its state, as well as storage for structured and unstructured data types. Tasks of the architecture: to provide an environment for the execution of application components; support dispatching mechanisms for communications between application components; implement tools for monitoring the level of services and diagnosing problems; provide storage of structured and unstructured information. Standardization of the application architecture allows you to minimize costs associated with the support of several types of architectures, each for a specific type of business application.
研究考虑了以使用现代数据中心为重点的 IT 基础设施系统架构的开发问题。研究的目的是在使用领先制造商硬件和软件的先进方法和概念的基础上，制定 IT 基础设施系统架构的发展战略。制定了以下 IT 基础设施建设原则：IT 基础设施架构定义了一系列服务。为三类客户提供 IT 服务。IT 服务和客户由 5 个实施方案连接。IT 服务的整合由 5 个架构决定。作为 IT 服务，我们理解的信息技术旨在保持以下要素在技术上的良好状态：网络设备、计算设备、数据存储设备、自动软件部署服务、网络服务、周边保护服务、目录服务、文件和打印服务、数据管理服务、业务应用服务、IT 管理服务、归档和恢复服务、证书管理服务、集成服务。体系结构定义了构建 IT 服务及其关系的基本原则。最重要的架构之一是软件应用程序的架构。软件应用程序的体系结构由企业的业务需求和特定开发人员创建应用程序的方法决定。它定义了应用程序的执行环境、应用程序和组件之间的通信机制、控制应用程序和管理其状态的工具，以及结构化和非结构化数据类型的存储。体系结构的任务：为应用程序组件的执行提供环境；支持应用程序组件之间通信的调度机制；实施用于监控服务水平和诊断问题的工具；提供结构化和非结构化信息的存储。应用体系结构的标准化可以最大限度地降低与支持多种类型体系结构（每种体系结构用于特定类型的业务应用）相关的成本。
{"title":"Information technologies of application architecture`s IT services","authors":"S. Dovgiy, O. Kopiika, Oleksii S. Kozlov, Alina O. Lytvynenko","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2023.3.75-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2023.3.75-93","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the System Architecture of the IT infrastructure focused on the usage of modern Data Centers is considered. The purpose of the research is to develop a strategy for the development of the System Architecture of the IT infrastructure based on the usage of advanced methodologies and concepts of leading manufacturer’s hardware and software. The following principle of IT infrastructure construction is formulated: IT infrastructure architectures define a set of services. IT services are provided to three groups of clients. IT services and clients are connected by 5 implementation scenarios. The integration of IT services is determined by 5 architectures. As IT services, we understand information technologies aimed at maintaining the following elements in technically good condition: network devices, computing equipment, data storage devices, automatic software deployment services, network services, perimeter protection services, directory services, file and print services, data management services, business application services, IT management services, archiving and recovery services, certificate management services, integration services. Architectures define the fundamental principles of building IT services and their relationship. One of the most important architectures is the architecture of software applications. The architecture of software applications is determined by the business needs of the corporation and the approaches, methods of creating applications by a specific developer. It defines the execution environment for applications, mechanisms of communication between applications and components, tools for controlling the application and managing its state, as well as storage for structured and unstructured data types. Tasks of the architecture: to provide an environment for the execution of application components; support dispatching mechanisms for communications between application components; implement tools for monitoring the level of services and diagnosing problems; provide storage of structured and unstructured information. Standardization of the application architecture allows you to minimize costs associated with the support of several types of architectures, each for a specific type of business application.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.72-79
Sachli A. Ganiyeva, R. M. Danziyev, Eldar A. Gurbanov, Z. R. Gurbanova
It was determined that beginning from 1990s increase happened in temperature and amount of the precipitations significantly reduced. These climate changes affected the quantitative indicators of the Kur water. The ion content of the river water considerably rose in 2018 in comparison with 1952 and 1990s. This rise was more intensive towards the river mouth. In 1952 the ion sum in the Girag Kasaman station was 419,0 mg|l, but in 1990 this figure was 608,3 mg|l, in 2018 it was 620,5 mg|l. But in Banka near the river mouth a quantity of ions was 865,0 mg|l in 1952, 874,7 mg|l in 1990, but it was 888,1 mg|l in 2018. The climate alteration affected mineralogical composition and amount of biogenic elements. A quantity of minerals legally rose while approaching the river mouth. Especially this increase has risen even further for 30 years.Change of the Kur water quality in this direction causes formation of some problems in irrigation use. Tons of harmful salts enter every hectare of land. The undrained and old unrepaired drained soil are salinized and create condition for degradation.
{"title":"Influence of climate change and enlargement of irrigated soils on qualitative indicators of river water","authors":"Sachli A. Ganiyeva, R. M. Danziyev, Eldar A. Gurbanov, Z. R. Gurbanova","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.72-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.72-79","url":null,"abstract":"It was determined that beginning from 1990s increase happened in temperature and amount of the precipitations significantly reduced. These climate changes affected the quantitative indicators of the Kur water. The ion content of the river water considerably rose in 2018 in comparison with 1952 and 1990s. This rise was more intensive towards the river mouth. In 1952 the ion sum in the Girag Kasaman station was 419,0 mg|l, but in 1990 this figure was 608,3 mg|l, in 2018 it was 620,5 mg|l. But in Banka near the river mouth a quantity of ions was 865,0 mg|l in 1952, 874,7 mg|l in 1990, but it was 888,1 mg|l in 2018. The climate alteration affected mineralogical composition and amount of biogenic elements. A quantity of minerals legally rose while approaching the river mouth. Especially this increase has risen even further for 30 years.Change of the Kur water quality in this direction causes formation of some problems in irrigation use. Tons of harmful salts enter every hectare of land. The undrained and old unrepaired drained soil are salinized and create condition for degradation.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116670038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.114-127
O. Mandryk, Roman I. Mykhailyuk, V. Artym, Vasyl V. Mykhailyuk
All methods of combating the flooding of populated areas are directly related to the execution of significant volumes of earthworks, the construction of special structures, and therefore require comprehensive analysis and substantiation and the selection of the most economically feasible and affordable project options during design.But analyzing the main methods of protecting the territory of settlements from flooding, it should be noted that even with their optimal use, the problem of flooding territories due to river tributaries remains. Therefore, it is worth focusing attention on the search for a technical solution that would make it possible to pump water from the tributary to the river without using expensive, complex in design and energy-consuming equipment. One of the promising solutions is the use of automatic gateways.The purpose of the work is to study the hydrodynamic parameters of the proposed design of the self-acting lock to prevent flood spills.The design of a hydrotechnical structure (self-acting sluice to prevent flood spills) is proposed, which is designed to prevent flooding of territories due to river spills and can be used to regulate the water level in hydraulic systems. It is shown that the use of the developed structure will make it possible to significantly reduce the negative consequences of possible flood spills in the territories.A three-dimensional model of the self-acting sluice was developed in the SolidWorks program to confirm its performance and study the hydrodynamic parameters of the self-acting sluice. The simulated simulation of the proposed design of the ejector pump in the FlowSimulation software module confirmed its efficiency and made it possible to determine the distribution of pressures and fluid movement speeds in it. It was established that the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the cross-section of the pipeline for water intake from the tributary is 0.055 m3/s at a river flow speed of 3 m/s.
{"title":"Study of hydrodynamic parameters of a self-operating sluge to prevent flood spills","authors":"O. Mandryk, Roman I. Mykhailyuk, V. Artym, Vasyl V. Mykhailyuk","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.114-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.114-127","url":null,"abstract":"All methods of combating the flooding of populated areas are directly related to the execution of significant volumes of earthworks, the construction of special structures, and therefore require comprehensive analysis and substantiation and the selection of the most economically feasible and affordable project options during design.But analyzing the main methods of protecting the territory of settlements from flooding, it should be noted that even with their optimal use, the problem of flooding territories due to river tributaries remains. Therefore, it is worth focusing attention on the search for a technical solution that would make it possible to pump water from the tributary to the river without using expensive, complex in design and energy-consuming equipment. One of the promising solutions is the use of automatic gateways.The purpose of the work is to study the hydrodynamic parameters of the proposed design of the self-acting lock to prevent flood spills.The design of a hydrotechnical structure (self-acting sluice to prevent flood spills) is proposed, which is designed to prevent flooding of territories due to river spills and can be used to regulate the water level in hydraulic systems. It is shown that the use of the developed structure will make it possible to significantly reduce the negative consequences of possible flood spills in the territories.A three-dimensional model of the self-acting sluice was developed in the SolidWorks program to confirm its performance and study the hydrodynamic parameters of the self-acting sluice. The simulated simulation of the proposed design of the ejector pump in the FlowSimulation software module confirmed its efficiency and made it possible to determine the distribution of pressures and fluid movement speeds in it. It was established that the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the cross-section of the pipeline for water intake from the tributary is 0.055 m3/s at a river flow speed of 3 m/s.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132949423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.91-113
S. Dovgiy, O. Kopiika, Oleksii S. Kozlov
The development of the System Architecture of the IT-infrastructure focused on the use of modern Data Centers is considered. At the same time, it is envisaged to create components that describe: general approaches to building a system architecture; IT-services – information technologies that solve the task of providing IT-services; logical model of IT-infrastructure. Formulated logic of IT-infrastructure construction: IT-infrastructure architectures define a set of services. IT-services are provided to three groups of clients. IT-services and clients are connected by 5 implementation scenarios. The integration of IT-services is determined by 5 architectures. As IT-services, we understand information technologies aimed at maintaining the following elements in a technically good state: network devices, computing equipment, data storage devices, automatic software deployment services, network services, perimeter protection services, directory services, file and print services, data management services, business application services, IT-management services, archiving and recovery services, certificate management services, integration services. Architectures define the fundamental principles of building IT-services and their relationship. Also, requirements for the creation of IT-services are formed on the basis of the architecture. One of the most important architectures is architecture of IT-infrastructure management. The architecture of the management system ensures the necessary level of IT-services of the Data Center due to the organization of three components – personnel, processes, technologies. The tasks of the architecture are: use of processes and information technologies to identify and minimize failures of IT-services; ensuring a high degree of integration of information technologies; ensuring response to changes in system parameters and performance of service functions in real time. As an example, the management function of the IT-service “network administration” (monitoring and control of configuration management services, coordination of changes, remote management and debugging) is considered. The algorithmic synthesis of programs and devices network management is considered, which consists in the construction of a functional scheme of control devices in two stages – abstract and structural synthesis, and all the steps of its solution and subsequent hardware synthesis are determined.
{"title":"Information technology of IT-infrastructure management architecture elements","authors":"S. Dovgiy, O. Kopiika, Oleksii S. Kozlov","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.91-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.91-113","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the System Architecture of the IT-infrastructure focused on the use of modern Data Centers is considered. At the same time, it is envisaged to create components that describe: general approaches to building a system architecture; IT-services – information technologies that solve the task of providing IT-services; logical model of IT-infrastructure. Formulated logic of IT-infrastructure construction: IT-infrastructure architectures define a set of services. IT-services are provided to three groups of clients. IT-services and clients are connected by 5 implementation scenarios. The integration of IT-services is determined by 5 architectures. As IT-services, we understand information technologies aimed at maintaining the following elements in a technically good state: network devices, computing equipment, data storage devices, automatic software deployment services, network services, perimeter protection services, directory services, file and print services, data management services, business application services, IT-management services, archiving and recovery services, certificate management services, integration services. Architectures define the fundamental principles of building IT-services and their relationship. Also, requirements for the creation of IT-services are formed on the basis of the architecture. One of the most important architectures is architecture of IT-infrastructure management. The architecture of the management system ensures the necessary level of IT-services of the Data Center due to the organization of three components – personnel, processes, technologies. The tasks of the architecture are: use of processes and information technologies to identify and minimize failures of IT-services; ensuring a high degree of integration of information technologies; ensuring response to changes in system parameters and performance of service functions in real time. As an example, the management function of the IT-service “network administration” (monitoring and control of configuration management services, coordination of changes, remote management and debugging) is considered. The algorithmic synthesis of programs and devices network management is considered, which consists in the construction of a functional scheme of control devices in two stages – abstract and structural synthesis, and all the steps of its solution and subsequent hardware synthesis are determined.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131929330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.53-71
Ihor V. Satin, Tetyana I. Romanova, O. Panchenko
Solving the problem of the lack of effective technologies for the recovery of solid municipal waste consists, first of all, of the construction of an effective technological scheme for the collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal waste. Achieving the goals of reducing the volume of municipal waste disposal to 30% in 2030, which are set by the National Strategy for Waste Management in Ukraine until 2030, is possible by applying coordinated technological stages of collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal waste in settlements and territorial communities.Research is aimed at organizing effective and unified management of solid waste flows, their proper storage, collection, transportation, processing, and disposal taking into account the resource potential of solid waste, the need and feasibility of implementing a certain technology for processing, recovery and disposal of waste, taking into account its characteristics and application limitations, and the need to minimize the environmental burden associated with waste.The purpose and task of this publication are to describe the complete technological cycle of waste management and establish a sequence of unified methodical approaches to the stages and technological processes of solid household waste management (collection, transportation, recovery and disposal).
{"title":"Overview of the technologies of the collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal solid waste","authors":"Ihor V. Satin, Tetyana I. Romanova, O. Panchenko","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.53-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.53-71","url":null,"abstract":"Solving the problem of the lack of effective technologies for the recovery of solid municipal waste consists, first of all, of the construction of an effective technological scheme for the collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal waste. Achieving the goals of reducing the volume of municipal waste disposal to 30% in 2030, which are set by the National Strategy for Waste Management in Ukraine until 2030, is possible by applying coordinated technological stages of collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal waste in settlements and territorial communities.Research is aimed at organizing effective and unified management of solid waste flows, their proper storage, collection, transportation, processing, and disposal taking into account the resource potential of solid waste, the need and feasibility of implementing a certain technology for processing, recovery and disposal of waste, taking into account its characteristics and application limitations, and the need to minimize the environmental burden associated with waste.The purpose and task of this publication are to describe the complete technological cycle of waste management and establish a sequence of unified methodical approaches to the stages and technological processes of solid household waste management (collection, transportation, recovery and disposal).","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129845783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.135-148
Denys O. Zorin
Among the protected territories of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the nature reserve "Gorgany" in the Ivano-Frankivsk region is an example of a rich diversity of natural conditions and natural resources. The reserve has an area of 5,344 hectares and was organized in 1996 in Prydovbushansky Gorgany. There are 3 legacy zones and 10 components of environmental audit: lithosphere (geological environment), geophysisphere (physical fields), geomorphosphere (relief), hydrosphere, atmosphere, pedosphere, phytosphere, zoosphere, sociosphere and technosphere. The latter "presses" on the previous 9, creating the ecological situation of the territory. The basis of research is natural-anthropogenic geosystem. Research materials are obtained according to the algorithm, starting with field research with sampling, their analysis for toxic elements and substances, building databases of environmental information, and ending with the compilation of elemental and component-by-element ecological-technogeochemical computer maps and a general ecological map safety. It is proposed to organize a geo-informational model for the protection of the safety of the nature reserve "Gorgany".
{"title":"The geo-information system of environmental security of the \"Gorgany\" nature reserve in the Ukrainian Carpathians","authors":"Denys O. Zorin","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.135-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.135-148","url":null,"abstract":"Among the protected territories of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the nature reserve \"Gorgany\" in the Ivano-Frankivsk region is an example of a rich diversity of natural conditions and natural resources. The reserve has an area of 5,344 hectares and was organized in 1996 in Prydovbushansky Gorgany. There are 3 legacy zones and 10 components of environmental audit: lithosphere (geological environment), geophysisphere (physical fields), geomorphosphere (relief), hydrosphere, atmosphere, pedosphere, phytosphere, zoosphere, sociosphere and technosphere. The latter \"presses\" on the previous 9, creating the ecological situation of the territory. The basis of research is natural-anthropogenic geosystem. Research materials are obtained according to the algorithm, starting with field research with sampling, their analysis for toxic elements and substances, building databases of environmental information, and ending with the compilation of elemental and component-by-element ecological-technogeochemical computer maps and a general ecological map safety. It is proposed to organize a geo-informational model for the protection of the safety of the nature reserve \"Gorgany\".","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126494838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.15-29
S. Shamanskyi, Lesia Pavliukh, Olena Horbachova, Victor Repeta
There were analyzed the effect of increased concentration of biogenic elements, as well as increased temperature on the frequency and magnitude of cyanobacteria reproduction. The goal was to identify the main causes of poor water quality in surface water bodies of Ukraine compared to European countries, as well as the impact of municipal wastewater entering water bodies on the quality of water in them. It is shown that pollution with biogenic elements (compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus) is one of the main reasons for unsatisfactory water quality in water bodies. This, in turn, is the cause of a number of such problems as the change in biological diversity and productivity of water bodies due to the eutrophication of freshwater and marine ecosystems, and the spread of diseases associated with unsatisfactory drinking water quality. One of the main sources of biogenic elements entering surface water bodies is municipal wastewater. Long-term observations of the composition of wastewater from municipal sewage systems indicate that the concentration of biogenic elements in them can be different. It largely depends on the sources of the effluents. In the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds entering the wastewater, a significant place is occupied by the economic activity of the inhabitants of the residential areas. Experience shows that, regardless of the level of water supply, the total mass of biogens entering the sewage systems from one inhabitant over a certain period of time is constant. However, taking into account the fact that the water availability for residents is different, the concentration of biogens in wastewater will also be different due to different dilutions. The calculation shows that for the entire possible range of water consumption levels (from 100 to 285 l/day per inhabitant according to the standards), the concentration of biogenic elements in wastewater can be: total nitrogen – from 38.6 to 110 mg/l; ammonium nitrogen – from 36.1 to 102.8 mg/l; nitrites – from 2.35 to 6.74 mg/l; nitrates – from 43.27 to 123.67 mg/l; total phosphorus – from 6.31 to 18 mg/l; phosphates – from 15.49 to 44.17 mg/l; organic phosphorus – from 1.26 to 3.60 mg/l.
{"title":"Analysis of concentrations of biogenic compounds discharged into water bodies with municipal wastewater","authors":"S. Shamanskyi, Lesia Pavliukh, Olena Horbachova, Victor Repeta","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.15-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.15-29","url":null,"abstract":"There were analyzed the effect of increased concentration of biogenic elements, as well as increased temperature on the frequency and magnitude of cyanobacteria reproduction. The goal was to identify the main causes of poor water quality in surface water bodies of Ukraine compared to European countries, as well as the impact of municipal wastewater entering water bodies on the quality of water in them. It is shown that pollution with biogenic elements (compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus) is one of the main reasons for unsatisfactory water quality in water bodies. This, in turn, is the cause of a number of such problems as the change in biological diversity and productivity of water bodies due to the eutrophication of freshwater and marine ecosystems, and the spread of diseases associated with unsatisfactory drinking water quality. One of the main sources of biogenic elements entering surface water bodies is municipal wastewater. Long-term observations of the composition of wastewater from municipal sewage systems indicate that the concentration of biogenic elements in them can be different. It largely depends on the sources of the effluents. In the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds entering the wastewater, a significant place is occupied by the economic activity of the inhabitants of the residential areas. Experience shows that, regardless of the level of water supply, the total mass of biogens entering the sewage systems from one inhabitant over a certain period of time is constant. However, taking into account the fact that the water availability for residents is different, the concentration of biogens in wastewater will also be different due to different dilutions. The calculation shows that for the entire possible range of water consumption levels (from 100 to 285 l/day per inhabitant according to the standards), the concentration of biogenic elements in wastewater can be: total nitrogen – from 38.6 to 110 mg/l; ammonium nitrogen – from 36.1 to 102.8 mg/l; nitrites – from 2.35 to 6.74 mg/l; nitrates – from 43.27 to 123.67 mg/l; total phosphorus – from 6.31 to 18 mg/l; phosphates – from 15.49 to 44.17 mg/l; organic phosphorus – from 1.26 to 3.60 mg/l.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130391111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.30-43
O. Mitryasova, A. M. Shybanova, Elvira A. Dzhumelia
The dynamics of hydrochemical parameters such as nitrates, and orthophosphates of surface waters were analyzed. Based on the analysis of wide temporal monitoring data, of prognosis nitrates and orthophosphates of the surface waters were carried out.The purpose is an assessment of the state of the surface water by nitrates and orthophosphates hydrochemical parameters and their regression analysis.The object of research – was to determine nitrates and orthophosphates indicators of the river water state during 12 years.The regression analysis method using the Windows Excel CurveExpert software was used to determine the empirical dependencies and search for connections.Against the background of high regulation of the Inhul river basin (the presence of 770 ponds and an irrigation system on 33 hectares, water use is carried out by more than 20 enterprises) showed the periodic nature of changes in hydrochemical parameters. Based on the obtained functions, prognoses to 2030 on annual averages were developed. The study is the basis for determining the mathematical model of natural fluctuations of the research indicators. Regression analysis allows obtaining a sinusoidal dependence on the orthophosphates content, which demonstrates 13 years fluctuation (R = 0.90). We have an 11-year sinusoidal wave with a period of 10 years and fairly high representativeness (R = 0.85) for nitrate content. The determined sinusoidal dependences of the integrated indicators of water quality allowed determining the average time of fluctuations concerning the processes of self-organization of river waters, which is about 11 years, and confirms the theory of "waves of life". The surface waters of the river are capable of self-renewal and their hydrochemical status has not yet reached a critical point, after which irreversible changes in the river ecosystem may occur.
{"title":"Prognosis models of nitrates and orthophosphates content in surface waters","authors":"O. Mitryasova, A. M. Shybanova, Elvira A. Dzhumelia","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.30-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.30-43","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of hydrochemical parameters such as nitrates, and orthophosphates of surface waters were analyzed. Based on the analysis of wide temporal monitoring data, of prognosis nitrates and orthophosphates of the surface waters were carried out.The purpose is an assessment of the state of the surface water by nitrates and orthophosphates hydrochemical parameters and their regression analysis.The object of research – was to determine nitrates and orthophosphates indicators of the river water state during 12 years.The regression analysis method using the Windows Excel CurveExpert software was used to determine the empirical dependencies and search for connections.Against the background of high regulation of the Inhul river basin (the presence of 770 ponds and an irrigation system on 33 hectares, water use is carried out by more than 20 enterprises) showed the periodic nature of changes in hydrochemical parameters. Based on the obtained functions, prognoses to 2030 on annual averages were developed. The study is the basis for determining the mathematical model of natural fluctuations of the research indicators. Regression analysis allows obtaining a sinusoidal dependence on the orthophosphates content, which demonstrates 13 years fluctuation (R = 0.90). We have an 11-year sinusoidal wave with a period of 10 years and fairly high representativeness (R = 0.85) for nitrate content. The determined sinusoidal dependences of the integrated indicators of water quality allowed determining the average time of fluctuations concerning the processes of self-organization of river waters, which is about 11 years, and confirms the theory of \"waves of life\". The surface waters of the river are capable of self-renewal and their hydrochemical status has not yet reached a critical point, after which irreversible changes in the river ecosystem may occur.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129534306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.5-14
O. Voloshkina, Artem V. Goncharenko
This work concerns the study of the influence of military actions on the development of global ecological processes, in particular, the fall of acid rain from individual single explosions. A mathematical model is proposed, which takes into account the emission of pollutants into the subcloud washout zone and the kinetics of the condensation process. The concentration of combustion products in the atmosphere at the level of three to five diameters of the explosion area (the area of the formed explosion funnel) is found using the theory of a convective jet from a warm source to the environment. At the same time, we determined the speed of warm air that rises above the area of the explosion, the average temperature in the transition section of the convective jet, and the flow rate of polluted air in the upper part of the jet. The paper presents a system of dimensionless non-stationary differential equations for a high unshaded source, which can be used to determine the dispersion of the main acid-forming substances in the Boussinesq approximation with the variables "eddy velocity – current function – temperature – concentration" with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Sulfuric anhydride was considered as an example of the main acid-forming substances and the most dangerous and toxic compounds of explosion products. The proposed mathematical model can be used to forecast the possible fall of acid rain on the territories adjacent to single explosions, thereby making a forecast of changes in environmental risk as a result of military operations for the environment and the population. and will make it possible to determine the zones of influence and dispersion from the place of the explosion.
{"title":"Influence of military actions on the process of the formation of precipitation","authors":"O. Voloshkina, Artem V. Goncharenko","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.5-14","url":null,"abstract":"This work concerns the study of the influence of military actions on the development of global ecological processes, in particular, the fall of acid rain from individual single explosions. A mathematical model is proposed, which takes into account the emission of pollutants into the subcloud washout zone and the kinetics of the condensation process. The concentration of combustion products in the atmosphere at the level of three to five diameters of the explosion area (the area of the formed explosion funnel) is found using the theory of a convective jet from a warm source to the environment. At the same time, we determined the speed of warm air that rises above the area of the explosion, the average temperature in the transition section of the convective jet, and the flow rate of polluted air in the upper part of the jet. The paper presents a system of dimensionless non-stationary differential equations for a high unshaded source, which can be used to determine the dispersion of the main acid-forming substances in the Boussinesq approximation with the variables \"eddy velocity – current function – temperature – concentration\" with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Sulfuric anhydride was considered as an example of the main acid-forming substances and the most dangerous and toxic compounds of explosion products. The proposed mathematical model can be used to forecast the possible fall of acid rain on the territories adjacent to single explosions, thereby making a forecast of changes in environmental risk as a result of military operations for the environment and the population. and will make it possible to determine the zones of influence and dispersion from the place of the explosion.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131478521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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