The liberalisation of gas and electricity markets had been achieved in almost all EU Member States by the end of the last century. It basically aimed at bringing competition into energy markets and benefiting from its favourable impacts. However, initial experiences showed that markets suffered from limited competition. The objective of this article is to give a brief assessment of the current market competition with special attention to two fundamental issues related to undistorted competition: unbundling of activities and developments in market concentration. The analysis shows that significant progress has been achieved in the unbundling of activities over the past few years. However, the market concentration in the retail segment in most Member States is still high (based on the HHI, C3, the number of undertakings with a market share over 5 percent, and the ARCI indicators).
{"title":"Assessment of Competition in EU Liberalised Energy Markets in 2016","authors":"Á. Horváth","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2017.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2017.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"The liberalisation of gas and electricity markets had been achieved in almost all EU Member States by the end of the last century. It basically aimed at bringing competition into energy markets and benefiting from its favourable impacts. However, initial experiences showed that markets suffered from limited competition. The objective of this article is to give a brief assessment of the current market competition with special attention to two fundamental issues related to undistorted competition: unbundling of activities and developments in market concentration. The analysis shows that significant progress has been achieved in the unbundling of activities over the past few years. However, the market concentration in the retail segment in most Member States is still high (based on the HHI, C3, the number of undertakings with a market share over 5 percent, and the ARCI indicators).","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study deals with a few practical issues related to preparing facility investment decisions and is based on the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted in 2016. This study discusses the length of time required to prepare economic decisions on investing in facilities, the people to be engaged in investment preparation processes and corporate practices concerning analyses of economic efficiency and ranking of projects. Survey findings show that companies spend several months preparing decisions about facility investments and involve not only owners and top management in this process, but also financiers and investment experts. A relatively high proportion of companies usually evaluate the economic efficiency and rank the investments.
{"title":"Practical Issues with Decision Preparation of Facility Investments in the National Manufacturing Industry","authors":"Klára Szűcs Markovics","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2017.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2017.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with a few practical issues related to preparing facility investment decisions and is based on the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted in 2016. This study discusses the length of time required to prepare economic decisions on investing in facilities, the people to be engaged in investment preparation processes and corporate practices concerning analyses of economic efficiency and ranking of projects. Survey findings show that companies spend several months preparing decisions about facility investments and involve not only owners and top management in this process, but also financiers and investment experts. A relatively high proportion of companies usually evaluate the economic efficiency and rank the investments.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The papers aims to analyse the key drivers for internationalisation in furniture industry by taking into consideration the cross-border activities of selected furniture manufacturers in Poland and Germany in comparison. The results show some similarities in internationalisation strategy design of selected furniture manufacturers in both countries. Export tends to be the predominant foreign market entry mode, and major motives to internationalise tend to have a reactive nature. There are some differences with regard to manufacturing location decisions, whereby the general assumption is confirmed that certain manufacturers are in a more advantageous position by concentrating their production at home.
{"title":"Internationalisation of Polish and German Furniture Manufacturers - Comparison of Different Internationalisation Paths","authors":"I. Janiuk, Natalia Ribberink, M. Jarosiński","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2017.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2017.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The papers aims to analyse the key drivers for internationalisation in furniture industry by taking into consideration the cross-border activities of selected furniture manufacturers in Poland and Germany in comparison. The results show some similarities in internationalisation strategy design of selected furniture manufacturers in both countries. Export tends to be the predominant foreign market entry mode, and major motives to internationalise tend to have a reactive nature. There are some differences with regard to manufacturing location decisions, whereby the general assumption is confirmed that certain manufacturers are in a more advantageous position by concentrating their production at home.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We analysed the key strategic challenges in measuring performance of professional sports clubs in international context by using the case study methodology. The analysis of the examined handball and football clubs revealed that domestic success is a weak indicator of international success. Also, the occasional surge in international revenues is challenging to translate into a sustainable flow of revenues. Moreover, through a strategically driven process the social benefits of clubs services can become relevant to international markets. We argue that the findings from the professional sports sector can be transferable to other business fields in terms of the complex relationships between the analysed performance drivers.
{"title":"Challenges in Measuring International Strategic Performance in Professional Team Sports - Two Case Studies from Hungary","authors":"Miklós Kozma, Annamária Kazai Ónodi","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2017.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2017.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"We analysed the key strategic challenges in measuring performance of professional sports clubs in international context by using the case study methodology. The analysis of the examined handball and football clubs revealed that domestic success is a weak indicator of international success. Also, the occasional surge in international revenues is challenging to translate into a sustainable flow of revenues. Moreover, through a strategically driven process the social benefits of clubs services can become relevant to international markets. We argue that the findings from the professional sports sector can be transferable to other business fields in terms of the complex relationships between the analysed performance drivers.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Route-based tourism product development is known worldwide, and can be particularly advantageous for lessdeveloped areas, which are less familiar in the tourism market. By mixing the phenomena of tourism, the economy, innovation and social difficulties, certain types of tourism routes can be tools for social innovations, if they are combined with spatial development, support of local communities and integration of local products. The first part of this study gives a literature review regarding route-based tourism products, alongside the explanation of conceptual differences. In the second part, we introduce the so-called “History Valley” in the Cserehat region, with a multi-view analysis.
{"title":"Route-Based Tourism Product Development as a Tool for Social Innovation: History Valley in the Cserehát Region","authors":"István Piskóti, Katalin Nagy","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2016.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2016.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Route-based tourism product development is known worldwide, and can be particularly advantageous for lessdeveloped areas, which are less familiar in the tourism market. By mixing the phenomena of tourism, the economy, innovation and social difficulties, certain types of tourism routes can be tools for social innovations, if they are combined with spatial development, support of local communities and integration of local products. The first part of this study gives a literature review regarding route-based tourism products, alongside the explanation of conceptual differences. In the second part, we introduce the so-called “History Valley” in the Cserehat region, with a multi-view analysis.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67679842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study addresses factors that influence the amount of time required to prepare investment decisions in Hungarian processing industries based on the findings of a survey conducted among Hungarian manufacturing companies in 2012. The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of time companies spent on preparing high-volume investment decisions and to find out whether equity ratios or company size have any impact on the length of decision preparation. The survey revealed that companies spent several months on making investment-related decisions. The findings also showed that small companies spent less time on pre-investment activities than large companies.
{"title":"Factors Affecting the Amount of Time Required to Prepare Investment Decisions in Hungarian Processing Industries","authors":"Klára Szűcsné Markovics","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2016.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2016.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The present study addresses factors that influence the amount of time required to prepare investment decisions in Hungarian processing industries based on the findings of a survey conducted among Hungarian manufacturing companies in 2012. The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of time companies spent on preparing high-volume investment decisions and to find out whether equity ratios or company size have any impact on the length of decision preparation. The survey revealed that companies spent several months on making investment-related decisions. The findings also showed that small companies spent less time on pre-investment activities than large companies.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67679986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The economy, with its driving forces, operating conditions and the consumers’ motivation, plays the determining role in the forming of sustainability. The present paper examines a narrower issue within this: the structure of an enterprise model that can be operated in accordance with the requirements of sustainability. The examined model variants essentially differ in risk holder types. The paper discusses two very important criteria of matching to sustainability. On one hand, the smooth operation of the company should not require the existence of the natural rate of unemployment; on the other hand, the driving force related to the success of the enterprise should remain within the company. The model where these two requirements are met concurrently is the working people’s enterprise basic model. When the two criteria mentioned above are met, various model variants may be viable. The presentation of the operating conditions and operating mechanisms of these models can build new aspects in the process of sustainability research.
{"title":"Enterprise Models in Terms of Sustainability","authors":"Mária Illés","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2016.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2016.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"The economy, with its driving forces, operating conditions and the consumers’ motivation, plays the determining role in the forming of sustainability. The present paper examines a narrower issue within this: the structure of an enterprise model that can be operated in accordance with the requirements of sustainability. The examined model variants essentially differ in risk holder types. The paper discusses two very important criteria of matching to sustainability. On one hand, the smooth operation of the company should not require the existence of the natural rate of unemployment; on the other hand, the driving force related to the success of the enterprise should remain within the company. The model where these two requirements are met concurrently is the working people’s enterprise basic model. When the two criteria mentioned above are met, various model variants may be viable. The presentation of the operating conditions and operating mechanisms of these models can build new aspects in the process of sustainability research.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67679750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A social enterprise is an organisation that is financially self-sufficient, like a conventional commercial enterprise.However, its primary objective is to achieve the set social purposes and goals that it considers to be important rather than maximizing profits This definition implies that social enterprises show similarities with both civil organisations and for-profit enterprises. Consequently, there are specific challenges related to their foundation and accounting. Since maximizing profits and social and environmental benefits are equally important during the operation of these enterprises, the profits they generate are used to achieve further social goals and are not distributed to individual shareholders. Thus, income from supplying goods and services constitutes the major source of their income. Successful social enterprises generate profit which is reinvested to subsidise the social mission they have defined. Their assets can often be used for community purposes exclusively.
{"title":"Challenges of Establishing and Operating Social Enterprises","authors":"Mária Juhász Várkonyi","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2016.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2016.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"A social enterprise is an organisation that is financially self-sufficient, like a conventional commercial enterprise.However, its primary objective is to achieve the set social purposes and goals that it considers to be important rather than maximizing profits This definition implies that social enterprises show similarities with both civil organisations and for-profit enterprises. Consequently, there are specific challenges related to their foundation and accounting. Since maximizing profits and social and environmental benefits are equally important during the operation of these enterprises, the profits they generate are used to achieve further social goals and are not distributed to individual shareholders. Thus, income from supplying goods and services constitutes the major source of their income. Successful social enterprises generate profit which is reinvested to subsidise the social mission they have defined. Their assets can often be used for community purposes exclusively.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67679768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
My goal in this article is to analyze the process of deindustrialization from the aspect of the labor market. Accepting the definition of the relevant literature, I define deindustrialization as a decline in the number of workers employed in industry and a drop in their ratio on the labor market. My experimental question is whether deindustrialization was present in the Visegrad countries between 1993 and 2015, and if so, what kinds can be identified. In this work I merge the observations of developed countries regarding deindustrialization and also expand upon the methodology for defining the types of deindustrialization.
{"title":"A Study of the Process and Types of Deindustrialization in the Visegrád Countries","authors":"Ágnes Hegyi-Kéri","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2016.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2016.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"My goal in this article is to analyze the process of deindustrialization from the aspect of the labor market. Accepting the definition of the relevant literature, I define deindustrialization as a decline in the number of workers employed in industry and a drop in their ratio on the labor market. My experimental question is whether deindustrialization was present in the Visegrad countries between 1993 and 2015, and if so, what kinds can be identified. In this work I merge the observations of developed countries regarding deindustrialization and also expand upon the methodology for defining the types of deindustrialization.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67679897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we develop and present the SLEM model created to measure the market potential of local goods supplied by the entrepreneurs of the Cserehat region, one of the most deprived regions of Hungary. The SLEM model evaluates goods along four dimensions: supplier conditions, labour conditions, (professional) embeddedness, and market conditions. The four pillars were measured with factors that are easily accessible, and so the evaluation can be repeated with other regions as well. In case of Cserehat, we have identified the following five groups of local goods with the greatest potential: animal husbandry; honey; spices and pharmaceutical crops; nature tourism; and mineral water.
{"title":"The SLEM Model as an Assessment Method for Local Goods' Competitiveness","authors":"L. Molnár, Z. Bartha","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2016.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2016.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we develop and present the SLEM model created to measure the market potential of local goods supplied by the entrepreneurs of the Cserehat region, one of the most deprived regions of Hungary. The SLEM model evaluates goods along four dimensions: supplier conditions, labour conditions, (professional) embeddedness, and market conditions. The four pillars were measured with factors that are easily accessible, and so the evaluation can be repeated with other regions as well. In case of Cserehat, we have identified the following five groups of local goods with the greatest potential: animal husbandry; honey; spices and pharmaceutical crops; nature tourism; and mineral water.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"75 1","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67679546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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