14.5% of the Hungarian population suffers from severe material deprivation. The link between social problems and economic performance is known as well as the rate of return of early childhood development projects, which ranges between 2.38-12.9. That is why the domestic adaptation of the English Sure Start Programme is of extreme importance. Due to the small capacity of the Hungarian educational system for disadvantage compensation, the functioning of study halls is also necessary. They ensure opportunities for valuable free-time activities for and development of disadvantaged children. The spread of both social innovations was supported by EU funds, but the introduction of a stable, local funding of the programmes has begun and both initiatives have become part of the Hungarian law on child protection.
{"title":"Social Problems and Economic Performance: Social Innovations in the Hungarian Child Protection System","authors":"V. Havasi","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"14.5% of the Hungarian population suffers from severe material deprivation. The link between social problems and economic performance is known as well as the rate of return of early childhood development projects, which ranges between 2.38-12.9. That is why the domestic adaptation of the English Sure Start Programme is of extreme importance. Due to the small capacity of the Hungarian educational system for disadvantage compensation, the functioning of study halls is also necessary. They ensure opportunities for valuable free-time activities for and development of disadvantaged children. The spread of both social innovations was supported by EU funds, but the introduction of a stable, local funding of the programmes has begun and both initiatives have become part of the Hungarian law on child protection.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study introduces a methodological tool for measuring local social innovation potential and its application in five settlements in the Abauj region of northeastern Hungary. When working on the local innovation potential (LIP) index we present in this study, we drew upon existing theories and models of social innovation. The complexity of LIP index comes from the fact that it builds upon both qualitative and quantitative data and research methods. Therefore it is simultaneously based on social scientific methods that are traditionally considered “soft” and “hard”. The LIP index is can take into account local specificities and characteristics into account and is thus suitable for presenting a fine-tuned description of the current situation and characteristics of a settlement, together with its future potential and directions for development.
{"title":"Applied Social Scientific Methods for the Measurement of Local Innovation Potential","authors":"Kinga Szabó-Tóth, Z. Papp","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"The study introduces a methodological tool for measuring local social innovation potential and its application in five settlements in the Abauj region of northeastern Hungary. When working on the local innovation potential (LIP) index we present in this study, we drew upon existing theories and models of social innovation. The complexity of LIP index comes from the fact that it builds upon both qualitative and quantitative data and research methods. Therefore it is simultaneously based on social scientific methods that are traditionally considered “soft” and “hard”. The LIP index is can take into account local specificities and characteristics into account and is thus suitable for presenting a fine-tuned description of the current situation and characteristics of a settlement, together with its future potential and directions for development.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The underlying goal of the paper is to present the results of testing the reference model in the process of transversal competences development. The tested model is an element of the method that accelerated development of competences, which was developed within an international research project. In particular, the article outlines main stages of implementing the method referring to individual partial reports of the project – publicly available on the Internet. Three methods of practical training have been applied in the tested model: brainstorming, group work and problem lecture. The increase rate of the following four transversal competences has been evaluated: entrepreneurship, creativity, communicativeness and cooperation within a group.
{"title":"Acceleration Methods of Managers Transversal Competences - Results of Testing Process","authors":"R. Kucęba, W. Jędrzejczyk, Edyta Kulej-Dudek","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The underlying goal of the paper is to present the results of testing the reference model in the process of transversal competences development. The tested model is an element of the method that accelerated development of competences, which was developed within an international research project. In particular, the article outlines main stages of implementing the method referring to individual partial reports of the project – publicly available on the Internet. Three methods of practical training have been applied in the tested model: brainstorming, group work and problem lecture. The increase rate of the following four transversal competences has been evaluated: entrepreneurship, creativity, communicativeness and cooperation within a group.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konrád Kiss, G. Koncz, Dora Nagy-Demeter, Bálint Varró, M. Németh, Csaba Ruszkai
The purpose of our study is to survey the marketing issues of small-scale food production and short supply chains (SSCs) from the consumers’ aspects, and to give insight into the effectiveness and potential of SSC marketing. The paper presents the result of a wide online consumer survey with the participation of more than 1000 consumers, mostly from the Northern Hungary region. According to our experiences, the most effective „marketing instrument” was the personal contact with producers, communication with relatives, and acquaintances. One-third part of our sample could be motivated by (this kind of) marketing and had more willingness to pay for small-producers’ goods.
{"title":"Survey of Consumers Responsiveness to Small-Scale Producers Marketing in the Northern Hungary Region","authors":"Konrád Kiss, G. Koncz, Dora Nagy-Demeter, Bálint Varró, M. Németh, Csaba Ruszkai","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of our study is to survey the marketing issues of small-scale food production and short supply chains (SSCs) from the consumers’ aspects, and to give insight into the effectiveness and potential of SSC marketing. The paper presents the result of a wide online consumer survey with the participation of more than 1000 consumers, mostly from the Northern Hungary region. According to our experiences, the most effective „marketing instrument” was the personal contact with producers, communication with relatives, and acquaintances. One-third part of our sample could be motivated by (this kind of) marketing and had more willingness to pay for small-producers’ goods.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many theoretical and practical works aim at describing the spatial structure of Central and Eastern Europe. This article gives an overview of papers describing the spatial structure of Central and Eastern Europe with different methods. Our goal is to contribute to understanding the Central and Eastern European economic spatial structure and within this we examine the role of the Technology, Media & Telecommunications (TM&T) industry. This industry was chosen because it includes the most knowledge-intensive enterprises. We found that this industry plays a small role in the activities of the most important companies in the region. The capital's major economic centres are the capitals. Thus, both the Central European Pentagon and the New Banana spatial models are suitable for describing the spatial structure. The spatial picture of the TM&T industry is basically concentrated on relatively few large cities, and the region’s most important centre is Warsaw.
{"title":"The Effect of Large Companies on Spatial Structure in Central and Eastern Europe with a Particular Focus on Enterprises in the Technology, Media _ Telecommunications Industry","authors":"Z. Nagy, G. Tóth","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Many theoretical and practical works aim at describing the spatial structure of Central and Eastern Europe. This article gives an overview of papers describing the spatial structure of Central and Eastern Europe with different methods. Our goal is to contribute to understanding the Central and Eastern European economic spatial structure and within this we examine the role of the Technology, Media & Telecommunications (TM&T) industry. This industry was chosen because it includes the most knowledge-intensive enterprises. We found that this industry plays a small role in the activities of the most important companies in the region. The capital's major economic centres are the capitals. Thus, both the Central European Pentagon and the New Banana spatial models are suitable for describing the spatial structure. The spatial picture of the TM&T industry is basically concentrated on relatively few large cities, and the region’s most important centre is Warsaw.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organizations today are confronted daily with the need for change, and the way in which this necessity for change is relayed may serve to minimize resistance to change. The aim of the study is to diagnose who is the source of this message for change in Polish profit-making enterprises and how many employees take part in the change process team, thereby becoming part of the change and thus the disseminators of the message on change. Computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey were the method used. The research sample covered medium and large enterprises and was representative. According to the findings, only 7.3% of employees are involved in the change process, the rest are informed by a superior or co-workers, sometimes co-workers from different departments.
{"title":"Who Communicates a Change - Research Outcomes from Polish Companies","authors":"Magdalena Zalewska-Turzyńska","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"Organizations today are confronted daily with the need for change, and the way in which this necessity for change is relayed may serve to minimize resistance to change. The aim of the study is to diagnose who is the source of this message for change in Polish profit-making enterprises and how many employees take part in the change process team, thereby becoming part of the change and thus the disseminators of the message on change. Computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey were the method used. The research sample covered medium and large enterprises and was representative. According to the findings, only 7.3% of employees are involved in the change process, the rest are informed by a superior or co-workers, sometimes co-workers from different departments.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social enterprises can play an important role in reducing inequality within a society and can also contribute to long-term economic development. Using a database based on the responses of 220 Hungarian social enterprises we first identify the business opportunities that they perceive. We conclude that social enterprises operating in different legal forms have different perceptions of their opportunities, and we speculate that this has an effect on their innovation activity as well. It is striking that – with the exception of social cooperatives – none of the Hungarian social enterprises see current or future social and/or market needs and demand as a major opportunity. This suggests that only social cooperatives have the incentive to focus their innovation efforts on social and market needs. Almost all social enterprises, on the other hand, have high expectation for European Union funds; the threat is that social innovation is driven by the targets set by the authorities allocating European funds, instead of the needs of the society.
{"title":"Perceived Opportunities by Social Enterprises and their Effects on Innovation","authors":"Z. Bartha, Ádám Bereczk","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2019.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2019.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Social enterprises can play an important role in reducing inequality within a society and can also contribute to long-term economic development. Using a database based on the responses of 220 Hungarian social enterprises we first identify the business opportunities that they perceive. We conclude that social enterprises operating in different legal forms have different perceptions of their opportunities, and we speculate that this has an effect on their innovation activity as well. It is striking that – with the exception of social cooperatives – none of the Hungarian social enterprises see current or future social and/or market needs and demand as a major opportunity. This suggests that only social cooperatives have the incentive to focus their innovation efforts on social and market needs. Almost all social enterprises, on the other hand, have high expectation for European Union funds; the threat is that social innovation is driven by the targets set by the authorities allocating European funds, instead of the needs of the society.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main purpose of the paper is to summarize the challenges that the Iranian economy will face in the economic upgrading process and to provide possible solutions for the Iranian economy to move up in the global value chain. To achieve these goals, the data related to the global competitiveness index were studied to gain insight into the current situation of the Iranian economy. Findings reveal that despite the immense revenue source of Iran from exporting gas and oil, the Iranian economy is not competitive globally, and Iran is confronted with serious shortcomings in the globalization path. Data show that the performance of Iran in different factors of competitiveness (institutions, macroeconomic environment, labor market efficiency, goods market efficiency, financial market efficiency and innovation) is poor. Since Iran has many benefits from potential capabilities such as a young workforce and plentiful natural resources, it is recommended that Iranian government consider a functional and process upgrading strategy to improve the performance of Iran in global competitiveness. It is also important to focus on research and development processes for moving along the global value chain curve, in order to move towards the higher value creating activities. These internal development processes are very important for the country to maintain the upgrading process even under the unfavorable international political circumstances.
{"title":"Challenges to Economic Upgrading of Iranian Economy","authors":"A. Dunay, Saeed Nosratabadi","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2018.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2018.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the paper is to summarize the challenges that the Iranian economy will face in the economic upgrading process and to provide possible solutions for the Iranian economy to move up in the global value chain. To achieve these goals, the data related to the global competitiveness index were studied to gain insight into the current situation of the Iranian economy. Findings reveal that despite the immense revenue source of Iran from exporting gas and oil, the Iranian economy is not competitive globally, and Iran is confronted with serious shortcomings in the globalization path. Data show that the performance of Iran in different factors of competitiveness (institutions, macroeconomic environment, labor market efficiency, goods market efficiency, financial market efficiency and innovation) is poor. Since Iran has many benefits from potential capabilities such as a young workforce and plentiful natural resources, it is recommended that Iranian government consider a functional and process upgrading strategy to improve the performance of Iran in global competitiveness. It is also important to focus on research and development processes for moving along the global value chain curve, in order to move towards the higher value creating activities. These internal development processes are very important for the country to maintain the upgrading process even under the unfavorable international political circumstances.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"37-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The economic crisis that broke out in the most developed part of the world in 2008 seriously affected the Central-Eastern- European bank systems. This was no wonder, because these economies were closely linked to the developed countries. Firstly, the Central-Eastern-European banks were mostly owned by large Western-European banks, and the management of these subsidiaries became tougher due to the asset management problems of their mother banks. The current paper examines the deleveraging of bank systems of this area during the crisis and thereafter. A special northern-southern division can be observed among the Central-Eastern-European banking systems, where the border is unfortunately at the northern border of Hungary. During the crisis, the amount of bank outstandings was mostly determined by the economic growth, the starting state of loan-deposit ratio, as well as the uncertainty of sovereign Credit Defalut Spread. In the aftercrisis period the change in outstandings is especially dependent on the non-performing loan ratio and the change in loandeposit ratio. Hungary is an “off-line” country for all strong correlated variable pairs, so the decrease in domestic outstandings may have country-specific reasons in addition to the general theoretical variables.
{"title":"Bank Domestic Outstandings in Central-Eastern-European Countries between 2008 and 2018","authors":"S. Bozsik, V. Gazda","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2018.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2018.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"The economic crisis that broke out in the most developed part of the world in 2008 seriously affected the Central-Eastern- European bank systems. This was no wonder, because these economies were closely linked to the developed countries. Firstly, the Central-Eastern-European banks were mostly owned by large Western-European banks, and the management of these subsidiaries became tougher due to the asset management problems of their mother banks. The current paper examines the deleveraging of bank systems of this area during the crisis and thereafter. A special northern-southern division can be observed among the Central-Eastern-European banking systems, where the border is unfortunately at the northern border of Hungary. During the crisis, the amount of bank outstandings was mostly determined by the economic growth, the starting state of loan-deposit ratio, as well as the uncertainty of sovereign Credit Defalut Spread. In the aftercrisis period the change in outstandings is especially dependent on the non-performing loan ratio and the change in loandeposit ratio. Hungary is an “off-line” country for all strong correlated variable pairs, so the decrease in domestic outstandings may have country-specific reasons in addition to the general theoretical variables.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"15-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67680163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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