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Unbreakable bonds: Serbian architects and the military (19th-21st century) 牢不可破的纽带:塞尔维亚建筑师和军队(19 -21世纪)
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2311062k
Aleksandar Kadijević
From the 19th century uprising period to the present day, Serbia has witnessed a controlled militarization of urban areas as part of its defense policy, with the army showcasing its fighting spirit and emphasizing its crucial role in the public security system. During peacetime, this process unfolds gradually and inconspicuously as 'peacetime protective' measures, but escalates during political crises and wars. The devastating war conflicts, resulting from geopolitical and regional crises that often spilled into Serbia's territory over the last two centuries, have had adverse effects on both military and civil infrastructure. Beyond architecture, which holds significant communicative importance, this militarization has also impacted other aspects of visual culture. Military facilities, as a means of controlling public spaces, have assumed a prominent position in Serbian cities' symbolic topographies, often occupying main squares. Their construction is coordinated with the strategies of the Ministry of the Army's (or Defense) strategies, general urban plans and Serbia's spatial development. However, conflicts between architects and military institution managers often arose during implementation, with architects striving for adherence to planned solutions and artistic visions, while clients sought adaptation to current security needs. Despite developing in a more modest form compared to major world powers, Serbia's militarization of public spaces continues to merit critical examination. Beyond the architecturally-urban perspective dominant in scientific historiography, military complexes warrant a more comprehensive analysis from a security standpoint and as a legacy of a distinct military visual culture, influenced by military hierarchy dynamics and the country's changing geopolitical position. Thus, increased openness of military institutions to research their architectural past and improved collaboration between architectural and military historians could effectively address existing knowledge gaps.
从19世纪起义时期到今天,塞尔维亚见证了城市地区的可控军事化,作为其国防政策的一部分,军队展示了战斗精神,并强调了其在公共安全体系中的关键作用。在和平时期,这一过程作为“和平时期的保护”措施逐渐而不引人注目地展开,但在政治危机和战争期间升级。过去两个世纪以来,地缘政治和区域危机造成的毁灭性战争冲突经常蔓延到塞尔维亚领土,对军事和民用基础设施都产生了不利影响。除了具有重要交流意义的建筑之外,这种军事化也影响了视觉文化的其他方面。军事设施作为控制公共空间的一种手段,在塞尔维亚城市的象征性地形中占据显著位置,经常占据主要广场。它们的建设与陆军部(或国防部)战略、总体城市规划和塞尔维亚空间发展战略相协调。然而,建筑师和军事机构管理者之间的冲突经常在实施过程中出现,建筑师努力坚持计划的解决方案和艺术愿景,而客户则寻求适应当前的安全需求。尽管与世界主要大国相比,塞尔维亚的发展更为温和,但其公共空间的军事化仍值得认真审视。除了在科学史学中占主导地位的建筑-城市视角之外,军事综合体需要从安全的角度进行更全面的分析,并作为一种独特的军事视觉文化的遗产,受到军事等级动态和国家不断变化的地缘政治地位的影响。因此,提高军事机构对其建筑历史研究的开放性,并改善建筑历史学家和军事历史学家之间的合作,可以有效地解决现有的知识差距。
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引用次数: 0
There is no end to storytelling: Transmedia storytelling in the digital mediation of music 讲故事没有尽头:音乐数字媒介中的跨媒体讲故事
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2311202n
Sanela Nikolić, Biljana Leković
The term transmedia storytelling refers to diverse processes of creating and distributing stories through available and current media technology to reach a wider or clearly defined audience. In contemporary culture, transmedia storytelling plays an increasingly functional role in the expansively oriented mediation of artistic practices. Nearly every art institution engages with its audience through social networks, and internet presentation and communication have become essential for artists' public presence. In the context of convergence culture, transmedia music is presented in the public space by creating accompanying digital texts enabling diverse interactions and experiences with the audience. Transmedia storytelling is highly relevant to the sphere of music, as this innovative concept can practically be implemented to highlight the uniqueness of a musical piece, product, or practice using 'storytelling' techniques across various media channels, aiming for enhanced promotion in the media space and cultural market. This paper will provide a thorough presentation of the concept of transmedia storytelling, its features and mechanisms, and will also illustrate the potential of this practice in the context of digitally mediated music using concrete examples.
跨媒体讲故事指的是通过现有的媒体技术创造和传播故事的各种过程,以达到更广泛或明确定义的受众。在当代文化中,跨媒体叙事在艺术实践的广泛导向调解中发挥着越来越重要的作用。几乎每个艺术机构都通过社交网络与观众互动,网络展示和交流已经成为艺术家公众存在的必要条件。在融合文化的背景下,跨媒体音乐通过创造伴随的数字文本在公共空间中呈现,从而与观众进行多样化的互动和体验。跨媒体讲故事与音乐领域高度相关,因为这一创新概念实际上可以用于突出音乐作品、产品的独特性,或者在各种媒体渠道上使用“讲故事”技术,旨在加强媒体空间和文化市场的推广。本文将全面介绍跨媒体叙事的概念、特点和机制,并通过具体例子说明这种做法在数字媒介音乐背景下的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Theologico-ecclesiological analysis of the term 'Church music' in the light of anthropological understanding of music 从对音乐的人类学理解出发,对“教会音乐”一词进行神学-教会分析
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2311281s
Sanja Stevanović
Throughout centuries, the concept of church music has held significant importance within the Orthodox Church. Its positive reception in the life of the Serbian Orthodox Church is evident by its frequent usage to describe various musical practices, such as: 'church singing, 'choral singing, 'polyphonic singing (or singing from sheet music)', 'Serbian folk singing', 'Karlovac chant', 'Belgrade chant' or 'Byzantine chant'. Drawing from anthropological research, we establish the definition of music through two interdependent approaches. Music is a cultural construct that lacks uniqueness and universality, but rather possesses a multitude of meanings dependent on collective and individual perspectives. Simultaneously, music is a cultural phenomenon that engenders diverse forms of identity, ranging from ethnic, gender, individual, collective, to local or global identities. From the perspective of Eucharistic theology, the Church is presented as the Mystery of unity between the created and the uncreated, founded in the Trinitarian nature of existence. The identity of the Church is not confined to historical and institutional frameworks, but is found in eschatology - the Kingdom of God. The Eucharistic church singing is examined in relation to church music and its connection with the anthropological understanding of music. The findings are analyzed from the standpoint of Orthodox ecclesiology. This paper aims to explore whether the identification of Eucharistic church singing with music, as a human category, can be positively argued within Orthodox theology.
几个世纪以来,教堂音乐的概念在东正教中占有重要地位。它在塞尔维亚东正教会生活中的积极接受是显而易见的,它经常被用来描述各种音乐实践,如:“教堂歌唱”,合唱歌唱,“复调歌唱(或从乐谱唱歌)”,“塞尔维亚民间歌唱”,“卡尔洛瓦茨圣歌”,“贝尔格莱德圣歌”或“拜占庭圣歌”。从人类学的研究中,我们通过两种相互依存的方法来建立音乐的定义。音乐是一种缺乏独特性和普遍性的文化结构,而是具有依赖于集体和个人视角的多种意义。同时,音乐是一种文化现象,它产生了不同形式的身份,从种族、性别、个人、集体到地方或全球身份。从圣体神学的角度来看,教会被呈现为受造之物与非受造之物之间统一的奥秘,建立在三位一体的存在本质上。教会的身份不局限于历史和制度框架,而是在末世论-上帝的王国。圣餐教会歌唱被检查在关系到教会音乐和它的连接与音乐的人类学理解。从东正教教会的角度分析了这些发现。本文旨在探讨圣餐教会歌唱与音乐的认同,作为一个人类的范畴,能否在东正教神学中得到积极的论证。
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引用次数: 0
Incidental music by Vojislav Voki Kostić in theater: Preliminary insights with an analytical review of the music for the play 'Maria Stuart' Vojislav Voki kostiki在戏剧中的附带音乐:对戏剧《玛丽亚·斯图尔特》音乐的初步分析
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2311238n
Monika Novaković
Considering the remarkable dearth of articles and studies on the work and oeuvre of Vojislav Voki Kostić, a significant figure who made valuable contributions to incidental music (particularly in the theater), this paper aims to present Kostić's body of work and analyze the fundamental principles that guided him in composing incidental music for theatrical performances. The preliminary conclusions presented in this paper are based on experiences gained from watching plays through archival videos (Kosančićev Venac 7, Marija se Bori s Anđelima, Madam San Žen, Garderober, Marija Stjuart, Bekstvo, Kneginja od Foli Beržera, Valjevska Bolnica, Sabirni Centar, Očevi i Oci, and Ruženje Naroda u Dva Dela), as well as on available primary and secondary sources (composer's autobiography, interviews, recordings, and others). Thus, this exploration of the composer's music for the theater is seen as a preliminary step in towards more comprehensive research that Kostić's work warrants. Additionally, the paper briefly discusses the challenges associated with researching incidental music in the theater, particularly in the case of approaching Kostić's music due to the scarcity of archival materials and limited contact with potential heirs of his legacy. For the purpose of a concise analytical review of Kostić's music for the play Maria Stuart, Schiller's text is briefly presented to facilitate an understanding of the staging of this work and the interpretation of Kostić's music in the context of the aforementioned performance.
考虑到沃伊斯拉夫·沃基·科斯季奇(Vojislav Voki kostiki)是一位对附带音乐(特别是在戏剧中)做出宝贵贡献的重要人物,他的作品和作品的文章和研究非常缺乏,本文旨在介绍科斯季奇的作品主体,并分析指导他为戏剧表演创作附带音乐的基本原则。本文提出的初步结论基于通过档案录像(Kosančićev Venac 7、Marija se Bori s Anđelima、Madam San Žen、Garderober、Marija Stjuart、Bekstvo、Kneginja od Foli Beržera、Valjevska Bolnica、Sabirni Centar、oevi i Oci和Ruženje Naroda u Dva Dela)观看戏剧所获得的经验,以及现有的一手和二手资料(作曲家自传、访谈、录音等)。因此,对作曲家的戏剧音乐的探索被视为迈向更全面研究的初步步骤,kostiki的工作保证。此外,本文简要讨论了与研究剧院附带音乐相关的挑战,特别是在接近科斯季奇音乐的情况下,由于档案材料的稀缺和与他的遗产的潜在继承人的有限接触。为了对科斯蒂奇的音乐作一个简明的分析回顾,本文简要介绍了席勒的文本,以促进对这部作品的分期的理解,并在上述演出的背景下解释科斯蒂奇的音乐。
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引用次数: 0
Costume, performance, and society: Engaging in a dialogue 服装、表演与社会:参与对话
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2210054p
Martina Petranović
Bearing in mind the potential of costume to construct and actively create meanings and to initiate, shape, and define a performance, the paper examines the nature and role of performance costume in projects and performances of several important Croatian artists who are either costume designers or performance artists or both, such as Vlasta Delimar, Ivana Popović, Ksenija Kordić, Tajči Čekada, and Ivana Bakal, and whose work significantly modified the notion and status of costume and costume design(er) in Croatian performing arts at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. Furthermore, it focuses on the strategies of costume design(er) in articulating the relationship between costume, performance, and society with special emphasis on the position of costume design(er) and costume based performance towards producing, interpreting or performing various individual and collective identities, body, ecology, social activism, and the artist's social status.
考虑到服装在构建和积极创造意义以及发起、塑造和定义表演方面的潜力,本文研究了表演服装在几位重要的克罗地亚艺术家的项目和表演中的性质和作用,这些艺术家要么是服装设计师,要么是表演艺术家,或者两者都是,如Vlasta Delimar、Ivana popoviki、Ksenija kordiki、taj Čekada和Ivana Bakal。他的作品在20世纪末和21世纪初极大地改变了克罗地亚表演艺术中服装和服装设计的概念和地位。此外,它侧重于服装设计(er)在阐明服装,表演和社会之间关系的策略,特别强调服装设计(er)和基于服装的表演在生产,解释或表演各种个人和集体身份,身体,生态,社会行动主义和艺术家的社会地位方面的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Fashioning the individual and society in William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Macbeth and its film costume and fashion representations 莎士比亚《麦克白悲剧》中个人与社会的塑造及其电影服装与时尚表现
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2210086z
Stefan Žarić
The proposed paper concerns with fashion and clothing as visual and semiotic signifiers of both the individual and society in William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Macbeth and its representations in other media: film (costume design) and haute couture (fashion design). As such, the language of fashion and the vestimentary frame of Shakespeare's tragedy are used as tools for visual and semiotic reading of sociocultural anxieties between the individual and the society as expressed through art. Given rich symbolic and metaphoric value of the language of fashion in Macbeth through which Shakespeare conceptualises his characters and their relationships with the societal framework they inhabit, the paper will thus demonstrate how such a relationship can be conveyed through film costume and fashion design. Analysed representations will consider costume design by Jacqueline Durran for Justin Kurzel's film Macbeth (2015) and fashion design by Alexander McQueen and his collection The Widows of Culloden (2006). In such analysis, fashion is, as fashion theorist Elizabeth Wilson defines it, seen as a cultural metaphor for the body and the material with which we write or draw a representation of the body into our cultural context.
这篇论文关注的是,在威廉·莎士比亚的《麦克白悲剧》中,时尚和服装作为个人和社会的视觉和符号学的象征,以及它在其他媒体上的表现:电影(服装设计)和高级时装(时装设计)。因此,时尚语言和莎士比亚悲剧的回顾框架被用作通过艺术表达的个人与社会之间的社会文化焦虑的视觉和符号学阅读工具。鉴于《麦克白》中富有象征意义和隐喻价值的时尚语言,莎士比亚通过这些语言将他的人物及其与他们所处的社会框架的关系概念化,因此,本文将展示如何通过电影服装和时装设计来传达这种关系。分析后的代表将考虑杰奎琳·杜兰为贾斯汀·库泽尔的电影《麦克白》(2015)设计的服装,以及亚历山大·麦昆及其系列《卡洛登的寡妇》(2006)设计的服装。在这种分析中,正如时尚理论家伊丽莎白·威尔逊(Elizabeth Wilson)所定义的那样,时尚被视为一种对身体的文化隐喻,以及我们在文化背景中书写或描绘身体表现的材料。
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引用次数: 0
The specificity of voice leading in Elżbieta Sikora's Opera Madame Curie from the perspective of performing the part of Missy Meloney 从梅洛尼小姐一角的表演看Elżbieta西科拉歌剧《居里夫人》声导的专一性
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2210166k
Monika Fedyk-Klimaszewska
This article contains scientific reflections on the ways of performing vocal parts in a contemporary opera on the example of the opera by a living Polish composer Elżbieta Sikora entitled Madame Curie, telling the story of life and work of an outstanding Polish scientist and Nobel Prize winner, Maria Curie-Skłodowska. Based on her own experiences in performing one of the roles in the opera - an American journalist, Missy Meloney - the author analyses the vocal part in terms of melodic, intonation, rhythmic, articulation and acting difficulties and forms conclusions about the specifics of voice leading.
本文以在世的波兰作曲家Elżbieta西科拉的歌剧《居里夫人》为例,对当代歌剧中声乐部分的表演方式进行了科学思考,讲述了杰出的波兰科学家和诺贝尔奖获得者玛丽亚Curie-Skłodowska的生活和工作故事。作者结合自己在剧中扮演美国记者米西·梅洛尼一角的经历,从旋律、语调、节奏、发音、表演难点等方面分析了该角色的声乐部分,并得出了声导的具体特点。
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引用次数: 0
Pozornica je veza sa vlastitim unutrašnjim životom - razgovor sa profesorom i rediteljem Nikitom Milivojevićem
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbakum2210010m
Marina Milivojević-Mađarev
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引用次数: 0
Sand and snow of a film memory: The Novi Sad raid 沙与雪的电影记忆:诺维萨德突袭
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2210024d
Nevena Daković
The aim of the paper is to map the transformation of historical and cultural trauma - "when an entire city ended up under the ice" - that restored collective memories of the city to the transnational memory and narratives of absolute victims, and to show the transformation through the analysis of Cold Days (András Kovács, Hungary) and Monument (1967, Miroslav Antić, SFRY). Their complementary narratives about the Novi Sad raid, told from different national perspectives, opposing perceptions of victims and perpetrators, from the point of view of generations and postgenerations (the author of this text belonging to the latter), side by side with titles that only touch on a topic, like The Jews are Coming (Prvoslav Marić, 1991, SFRY) and Hourglass (Szabolcs Tolnai, 2007, SFRY), become, at the same time, spaces for inscribing the intricate dialectic of ethnicisation and de-ethnicisation of memory and a cultural framework that shapes images of the past and interpretations of history. In the same vein, the paper uses three theoretical interpretive frameworks - "violence as a generative force in the Balkans" (Max Bergholz, 2016); transnational remembrance and absolute victims and "memory and complicity" (Debarati Sanyal, 2015) - which open up new readings of the past and writing history in films, in line with the contemporary political context. The paper recognises the mentioned de-ethnicisation as a shift from ethnic to ethic, marked by the eth/n/ic word play, and thus connected with the fundamental question of identity and the relationship between identity and memory. At the same time, shaping the memory of the individual and the memory of different social groups to which he / she belongs in the collective memory, testifies to how the latter "became a powerful symbol of numerous political and social transitions" that require individuals to (re)position themselves in society.
本文的目的是描绘历史和文化创伤的转变-“当整个城市在冰下结束”-将城市的集体记忆恢复到跨国记忆和绝对受害者的叙述中,并通过对《寒冷的日子》(András Kovács,匈牙利)和《纪念碑》(1967年,米罗斯拉夫·安蒂克,SFRY)的分析来展示这种转变。他们对诺维萨德袭击的补充叙述,从不同的民族角度讲述,对受害者和肇事者的对立看法,从几代人和后几代人的角度(本文的作者属于后几代人),以及只触及一个主题的标题,如犹太人来了(provoslav mariki, 1991, SFRY)和沙玻璃杯(Szabolcs Tolnai, 2007, SFRY),同时成为,铭刻记忆的种族化和去种族化的复杂辩证法的空间,以及塑造过去图像和历史解释的文化框架。同样,本文使用了三个理论解释框架——“巴尔干半岛的暴力作为一种生成力量”(Max Bergholz, 2016);跨国记忆、绝对受害者和“记忆与同谋”(Debarati Sanyal, 2015)——这些都开启了对过去的新解读,并在符合当代政治背景的电影中书写历史。本文认为,上述的去族群化是一种从族群到伦理的转变,其标志是eth/n/ic的文字游戏,因此与身份的基本问题以及身份与记忆之间的关系有关。同时,在集体记忆中塑造个人的记忆和他/她所属的不同社会群体的记忆,证明了后者如何“成为众多政治和社会转型的有力象征”,这需要个人在社会中(重新)定位自己。
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引用次数: 0
The Scriabin postcard: The importance of Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin in the intellectual circles of the Russian fin de siècle 斯克里亚宾明信片:亚历山大·尼古拉耶维奇·斯克里亚宾在俄罗斯经济精英知识界的重要性
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbaku2210188t
B. Trifunović
Due to the rich and stylistically heterogeneous artistic creativity of Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin, his affinity towards various philosophical and religious narratives, as well as to his interest and accomplishments in the domain of poetry, the discourse created around the name and works of Scriabin has been abundant with exceptional diversity in artistic, critical and ideological context. Contemporary researchers, dealing with such often conflicting views on the art and worldview of Alexander Scriabin, are faced with numerous issues and doubts. In this paper, two questions are posed that need to be unravelled in order to finally demystify Scriabin: how and in what way did Scriabin, an apparently apolitical artist, participate in the aspirations of the Russian intelligentsia and artists of the Silver Age to create a social utopia and to what did this composer owe a distinguished social status in his time? The answers to these questions lead to the conclusion that Scriabin was a reactionary, modernist figure, who, by representing his own conception of social transformation and future utopia, mediated between the idealist and materialist currents of the Russian intelligentsia.
由于亚历山大·尼古拉耶维奇·斯克里亚宾丰富而风格各异的艺术创造力,以及他对各种哲学和宗教叙事的喜爱,以及他在诗歌领域的兴趣和成就,围绕斯克里亚宾的名字和作品所创造的话语在艺术、批评和意识形态语境中具有极其丰富的多样性。当代研究人员在处理这种经常相互冲突的关于亚历山大·斯克里亚宾的艺术和世界观的观点时,面临着许多问题和质疑。在本文中,为了最终揭开斯克里亚宾的神秘面纱,提出了两个需要解开的问题:斯克里亚宾,一个表面上不关心政治的艺术家,是如何以及以何种方式参与到俄罗斯知识分子和白银时代艺术家创造社会乌托邦的愿望中去的?这位作曲家在他那个时代拥有显赫的社会地位是由于什么?对这些问题的回答可以得出这样的结论:斯克里亚宾是一个反动的现代主义人物,他通过表达自己对社会转型和未来乌托邦的概念,在俄罗斯知识分子的理想主义和唯物主义潮流之间进行调解。
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引用次数: 0
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Zbornik Radova Akademije Umetnosti
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