Nobuyuki Sato, H. Moriya, K. Yasui, Tomoyasu Nonoshita
Shizuoka Prefectural Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, 678-1 Tomigaoka, Iwata, Shizuoka, Japan Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc.,20-1 Kitasekiyama, Ohdaka-cho, Midori-ku, Nagoya, Japan Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Air-Conditioning & Thermal Systems Corporation, 3-1 Asahi, Nishibiwajima-cho, Kiyosu, Aichi, Japan NEPON Inc., 1-4-2, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan 空気熱源式ヒートポンプと燃焼式温風暖房機 とのハイブリッド運転によるバラ栽培の暖房費削減効果
沙吉欧卡研究所(Agriculture and Forestry)， 678- 1tomigaoka, Iwata，沙吉欧卡，日本电气电力公司，Inc.，20-1 Kitasekiyama, Ohdaka-cho, Midori-ku, Nagoya，Japan Mitsubishi Heavy Industries air - conditioning&thermal Systems Corporation, 3-1 Asahi，Nishibiwajima-cho, Kiyosu, Aichi, Japan NEPON Inc.， 1-4-2, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo，Japan空气热源式热泵和燃烧式暖风取暖器混合运转的玫瑰栽培取暖费削减效果
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H. Itoh, S. Tomoda, Tomoko Hatta, N. Shiraishi, Y. Uno
The purpose of this study was to develop a hyperspectral imaging system that can detect gene recombinant calluses. Drug tolerance genes are commonly used as marker genes, although they may negatively affect the environment. Hence, we aimed to use the genes that code for nitrate reductase (NR) as marker genes. Once the NR genes are introduced into a cell, the recombined genes would show greater nitrate reduction compared with the wild-type genes, making it possible to use the nitrate concentration for discriminating gene recombinant calluses from non-recombinant ones. In the present study, a non-destruc-tive method of measuring the nitrate concentration in spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L. ‘Orai’) calluses was developed to allow for the rapid detection of the gene recombinant calluses. Absorption spectra of 349 calluses (concentration range: 126.0 mg L - 1 -2697 mg L - 1 ; standard deviation: 646.3 mg L - 1 ) were measured by a hyperspectral camera (wavelength range: 400 nm-1000 nm; resolution: 9 nm). The nitrate concentration of the calluses was measured by the RQ-Flex method. Mathematical models to estimate the nitrate concentration in the calluses from the absorption spectra were developed using the principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) methods, and the correlation coefficient between the measured and estimated nitrate concentration was found to be 0.7363. The standard errors of calibration ( SEC ) and prediction ( SEP ) of the model were 430.3 mg L - 1 and 438.7 mg L - 1 , respectively.
本研究的目的是建立一种可以检测基因重组愈伤组织的高光谱成像系统。耐药基因通常被用作标记基因，尽管它们可能对环境产生负面影响。因此，我们的目标是使用编码硝酸还原酶(NR)的基因作为标记基因。将NR基因导入细胞后，重组后的基因与野生型基因相比，硝酸盐还原量更大，从而可以利用硝酸盐浓度来区分基因重组愈伤组织与非基因重组愈伤组织。本研究建立了一种无损检测菠菜(Spinacia oleracea L. ' Orai ')愈伤组织中硝酸盐浓度的方法，以实现基因重组愈伤组织的快速检测。349个愈伤组织的吸收光谱(浓度范围:126.0 mg L - 1 ~ 2697 mg L - 1;标准偏差:646.3 mg L -1)，波长范围:400 nm-1000 nm;分辨率:9nm)。采用RQ-Flex法测定愈伤组织中硝酸盐浓度。利用主成分回归(PCR)和偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立了从吸收光谱中估计出愈伤组织中硝酸盐浓度的数学模型，结果表明，硝酸盐浓度的实测值与估计值之间的相关系数为0.7363。模型的校准标准误差(SEC)和预测标准误差(SEP)分别为430.3 mg L - 1和438.7 mg L - 1。
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M. Ishii, L. Okushima, Hideki Moriyama, Yasunaga Furihata
This paper shows how airflow and air temperature distribution in a greenhouse are influenced by the number and position of circulation fans. As a first measure, the influence of air movement produced by a circulation fan on the distribution of airflow was examined in greenhouses with no plants and tomato plants at the harvest stage of development. The air velocity measured at 2 m from the center of the fan was 6.04 m s-1 in an empty greenhouse. In general, the air velocity decreased with an increase in distance from the fan. The air velocity measured at 22 m from the fan was 0.33 m s-1 in the empty greenhouse. Moreover, the fully developed tomato plants caused a large decrease in air velocity, for example the air velocity measured at 22 m from the fan was 0.04 m s-1. As a second measure, the influence of different combinations of fan positions and numbers of fans was investigated in a greenhouse with fully developed tomato plants. At the top of the tomato canopy, the air velocity increased with an increase in the number of fans. However, the air velocity decreased at the bottom of the tomato canopy. These results indicate a gradual decrease in airflow on the leeward side caused a non-uniform air temperature distribution in the greenhouse. On the other hand, when the fans were set at 5, 10 and 15 per 1000 m2, the measured average air velocities were 0.24, 0.36 and 0.44 m s-1, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that 10-15 fans per 1000 m2 are necessary to produce an average air velocity of 0.3 m s-1, when a fully developed crop is in the greenhouse.
本文论述了循环风机的数量和位置对温室内气流和温度分布的影响。作为第一个措施，在没有植物的温室和番茄植株生长的收获阶段，研究了循环风机产生的空气运动对气流分布的影响。在空温室中，在距风机中心2 m处测得的风速为6.04 m s-1。一般来说，空气速度随着与风机距离的增加而减小。在空温室中，距离风机22 m处测得的风速为0.33 m s-1。此外，充分发育的番茄植株导致空气流速大幅下降，例如在距离风扇22 m处测量的空气流速为0.04 m s-1。作为第二项措施，在番茄植株发育完全的温室中，研究了不同风扇位置和风扇数量组合的影响。在番茄冠层顶部，风速随风扇数量的增加而增加。然而，番茄冠层底部的空气流速有所下降。这些结果表明，背风侧气流的逐渐减少导致温室内温度分布不均匀。另一方面，当风机设置为每1000 m2 5个、10个和15个时，测得的平均风速分别为0.24、0.36和0.44 m s-1。因此，我们得出结论，当作物在温室中完全发育时，每1000平方米需要10-15个风扇，以产生0.3 m s-1的平均空气速度。
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{"title":"Relationship Between Changes of Gas Composition and Morphogenesis in Shoot Culture of Potato","authors":"S. Takayama, Y. Yamaguchi, N. Mera","doi":"10.2525/SHITA.24.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/SHITA.24.38","url":null,"abstract":"自然通気および密閉条件でジャガイモのシュート培養を試みた. その結果, 密閉条件では培養容器内のガス組成はエチレンおよびCO2が高濃度に蓄積し, O2は緩やかに減少した. シュートのエチレン生成能は自然通気区と差がなかった. 高濃度のエチレンは密閉によって生成に影響を受けることなく, 単に培養容器内に蓄積した結果であった. 生育したシュートは節間が短く, 側枝および葉が増加し, 痕跡状の葉を形成した. これら変化はガス組成の影響であると考えられる.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125524466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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