The objective of this study was to create a model of the plant stoma response process under CO2 conditions (100 to 3000ppm) after lighting. In this study, a real-time measurement system was developed to observe living plant stomas continuously for a long period in a growth chamber using a microscope and a color TV camera. Six treatments were conducted by changing the CO2 density, ranging from 100 to 3000ppm, under the conditions of a 2-hour on/off light cycle. From the experimental results, it was observed that the pore size was drastically changed in response to the CO2 conditions. Lower CO2 density caused larger-size pores under conditions of less than 1000ppm CO2 density, while the pore size was almost constant under conditions of greater density. With CO2 density of over 2000ppm, pores continued opening after 60 minutes had elapsed. The transient response with the 1 st-order lag element could well express the stoma response, and its desired value had a high correlation with CO2 density.
{"title":"Measurement of Plant Stomas under Several CO_2 Conditions using Microscopic Images","authors":"K. Namba, N. Kondo, M. Monta, A. Sasao","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.16.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.16.41","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to create a model of the plant stoma response process under CO2 conditions (100 to 3000ppm) after lighting. In this study, a real-time measurement system was developed to observe living plant stomas continuously for a long period in a growth chamber using a microscope and a color TV camera. Six treatments were conducted by changing the CO2 density, ranging from 100 to 3000ppm, under the conditions of a 2-hour on/off light cycle. From the experimental results, it was observed that the pore size was drastically changed in response to the CO2 conditions. Lower CO2 density caused larger-size pores under conditions of less than 1000ppm CO2 density, while the pore size was almost constant under conditions of greater density. With CO2 density of over 2000ppm, pores continued opening after 60 minutes had elapsed. The transient response with the 1 st-order lag element could well express the stoma response, and its desired value had a high correlation with CO2 density.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"49 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129267854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Somatic embryos were initiated from immature seeds of Glaucidium palmatum Sieb. et Zucc. (which is indigenous only in Japan and bears beautiful flowers, however recently extinction by deer attacks is problematic) on the half strength Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2.22μM 6-benzvlaminoDurine. Somatic embrvos can be propagated on the same medium. Temperature of the incubation chamber was one of the important factors for better propagation and growth of the somatic embryos. Plant regeneration was successful on the plant growth regulator free medium. Regenerated plantlets were cytogenetically stable according to the flow cytometric study and DNA content was 1. 35 pg/cell. They were habituated and planted out in the field. Tissue culture can overcome the extinction of potentially endangered species such as Glaucidium palmatum.
{"title":"Micropropagation of Glaucidium palmatum Sieb. et Zucc. by Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Seeds and Cytogenetic Stability of Culture","authors":"K. Ishii, H. Sasaki, H. Ueno","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.15.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.15.191","url":null,"abstract":"Somatic embryos were initiated from immature seeds of Glaucidium palmatum Sieb. et Zucc. (which is indigenous only in Japan and bears beautiful flowers, however recently extinction by deer attacks is problematic) on the half strength Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2.22μM 6-benzvlaminoDurine. Somatic embrvos can be propagated on the same medium. Temperature of the incubation chamber was one of the important factors for better propagation and growth of the somatic embryos. Plant regeneration was successful on the plant growth regulator free medium. Regenerated plantlets were cytogenetically stable according to the flow cytometric study and DNA content was 1. 35 pg/cell. They were habituated and planted out in the field. Tissue culture can overcome the extinction of potentially endangered species such as Glaucidium palmatum.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126367321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiplication ratio (number of average of harvestable propagules per stock plant, M) and electric energy consumption per propagule (Ep) at four levels of planting density (59, 118, 236 and 473 m-2) were investigated for sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) vegetative propagation in a closed transplant production system. After n multiplication cycles, total number of harvestable propagules (Nn) and electric energy consumption per propagule (Ep, n) in the system were estimated by using mathematical models. Single nodal cuttings were used as propagules and grown to 14 days under photosynthetic photon flux of 140, 200 and 320μ mol·m-2·s-1 during 1 to 5, 6 to 10 and 11 to 14 days after planting, respectively. Other environmental conditions included photoperiod of 16 h·d-1, air temperature of 29°C, and CO2 concentration of 920μmol·mo1-1. At the planting densities of 59, 118, 236 and 473 m-2, M were 5.9, 6.4, 3.8 and 2.3, respectively, and Ep, 1 were 0.41, 0.19, 0.16 and 0.13 kWh (electricity cost : 6.2, 2.9, 2.4 and 2.0 Yen), respectively. Results suggest that production can be optimized and electricity cost can be reduced by manipulating planting densities.
研究了4种种植密度(59、118、236和473 M -2)下甘薯(Ipomoea batatas, L.)的增殖比(平均每株可收获繁殖体数，M)和每繁殖体电能消耗(Ep)。在封闭的移栽生产系统中无性繁殖。经过n个繁殖周期后，利用数学模型估算出系统中可收获的繁殖体总数(Nn)和每个繁殖体的电能消耗(Ep, n)。以单节扦插作为繁殖体，分别于植后1 ~ 5、6 ~ 10和11 ~ 14 d，在140、200和320μ mol·m-2·s-1的光合光子通量下生长至14 d。其他环境条件为光周期16 h·d-1，空气温度29℃，CO2浓度920μmol·mo1-1。在种植密度为59、118、236和473 M -2时，M分别为5.9、6.4、3.8和2.3,Ep、1分别为0.41、0.19、0.16和0.13 kWh(电费分别为6.2、2.9、2.4和2.0日元)。结果表明，通过控制种植密度可以优化生产，降低电力成本。
{"title":"Sweetpotato Propagule Production Rate and Electric Energy Consumption in a Closed Transplant Production System as Affected by Planting Density","authors":"L. Hin, K. Ohyama, C. Kubota, T. Kozai","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.14.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.14.10","url":null,"abstract":"Multiplication ratio (number of average of harvestable propagules per stock plant, M) and electric energy consumption per propagule (Ep) at four levels of planting density (59, 118, 236 and 473 m-2) were investigated for sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) vegetative propagation in a closed transplant production system. After n multiplication cycles, total number of harvestable propagules (Nn) and electric energy consumption per propagule (Ep, n) in the system were estimated by using mathematical models. Single nodal cuttings were used as propagules and grown to 14 days under photosynthetic photon flux of 140, 200 and 320μ mol·m-2·s-1 during 1 to 5, 6 to 10 and 11 to 14 days after planting, respectively. Other environmental conditions included photoperiod of 16 h·d-1, air temperature of 29°C, and CO2 concentration of 920μmol·mo1-1. At the planting densities of 59, 118, 236 and 473 m-2, M were 5.9, 6.4, 3.8 and 2.3, respectively, and Ep, 1 were 0.41, 0.19, 0.16 and 0.13 kWh (electricity cost : 6.2, 2.9, 2.4 and 2.0 Yen), respectively. Results suggest that production can be optimized and electricity cost can be reduced by manipulating planting densities.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125508790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tomographic Imaging of Development of Mycelium Inside of Medium for Grifora Frondosa using MRI System","authors":"J. Hirama, T. Miyamoto, Ryou Ishida, Ryouichi Suzuki, Kouzou Nishibori, Y. Ohdaira","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.13.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.13.167","url":null,"abstract":"MRIの断層撮影によって, 舞茸の培地内部における菌糸の発達状態を非破壊的に観測できることがわかった, 今後は, 複数の別個体や植菌直後から原基形成までの期間の状態などでも断層撮影を活用し, 菌糸の状態を系統的に観測するとともに, 舞茸の地上部である子実体の成長状態と菌床内部の菌糸の発達状態との関係についても検討を進める予定である.なお, 本研究の成果の一部は, 文部省科学研究費 (基盤研究 (C) : 課題番号12650435) の助成による.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126460061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yamazaki, H. Tsuchiya, H. Miyajima, T. Honma, H. Kan
Development of an effective, high-power, low-cost, artificial light source for use in plantgrowing facilities would be very beneficial for plant production. Recently, the laser-diode lamp has been proposed as a new type of light source for plant production. The advantages of the laser-diode lamp over conventional light sources are its high electrical-to-optical power conversion efficiency, low thermal radiation, easy set-up for high power and pulse irradiation, small weight and small volume for mounting, and selectivity for proper wavelength. Because laser light itself differs from the light sources presently used in plant growing, we confirmed the possibility of growing plants under the laser-diode light by growing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants. Lettuce seedlings with 5-6 leaves were grown under a laser-diode lamp panel with 30 pieces of high-power and high-efficiency AlGaInP laser-diodes. The power of each laser-diode lamp was 500 mW, and the wavelength was 680 nm, which was efficient for photosynthesis. The lettuce plants were able to grow under the laser-diode light. However, the weight of the lettuce plants grown under the laser-diode lamps was light, and their leaves were long and thin compared to those of lettuce plants grown under high-pressure sodium lamps.
{"title":"Effect of laser-diode light on growth of Lactuca sativa L.","authors":"A. Yamazaki, H. Tsuchiya, H. Miyajima, T. Honma, H. Kan","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.12.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.12.93","url":null,"abstract":"Development of an effective, high-power, low-cost, artificial light source for use in plantgrowing facilities would be very beneficial for plant production. Recently, the laser-diode lamp has been proposed as a new type of light source for plant production. The advantages of the laser-diode lamp over conventional light sources are its high electrical-to-optical power conversion efficiency, low thermal radiation, easy set-up for high power and pulse irradiation, small weight and small volume for mounting, and selectivity for proper wavelength. Because laser light itself differs from the light sources presently used in plant growing, we confirmed the possibility of growing plants under the laser-diode light by growing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants. Lettuce seedlings with 5-6 leaves were grown under a laser-diode lamp panel with 30 pieces of high-power and high-efficiency AlGaInP laser-diodes. The power of each laser-diode lamp was 500 mW, and the wavelength was 680 nm, which was efficient for photosynthesis. The lettuce plants were able to grow under the laser-diode light. However, the weight of the lettuce plants grown under the laser-diode lamps was light, and their leaves were long and thin compared to those of lettuce plants grown under high-pressure sodium lamps.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131605194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of oxygen concentration on the regeneration potential of horseradish cell aggregates was investigated to develop artificial seeds capable of preserving the viability after long-terms torage at room temperature. When the cell aggregates were incubated for 20days at an oxygen concentration of 1.0―2.Omol/m3 in the gas phase, their viability was maintained without the regeneration of adventitious roots. The artificial seeds were prepared by encap-sulating the cell aggregates in alginate gel with various thicknesses of paraffin coat ranging from 0.35×10-3―1.3×10-3m. It was found that the cell aggregates in the artificial seeds maintained their ability to regenerate adventitious roots after storage for 30 to 60 days , although the efnciency of root regeneration decreased with increasing paraffin coat thickness. The dependence of root regeneration on paraffin coat thickness could be explained based on a model considering oxygen permeation through the alginate
{"title":"Regeneration Potential of Horseradish Cells Stored in Artificial Seeds with Limited Oxygen Supply","authors":"H. Nagatome, K. Baba, M. Taya, S. Tone","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.11.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.11.173","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of oxygen concentration on the regeneration potential of horseradish cell aggregates was investigated to develop artificial seeds capable of preserving the viability after long-terms torage at room temperature. When the cell aggregates were incubated for 20days at an oxygen concentration of 1.0―2.Omol/m3 in the gas phase, their viability was maintained without the regeneration of adventitious roots. The artificial seeds were prepared by encap-sulating the cell aggregates in alginate gel with various thicknesses of paraffin coat ranging from 0.35×10-3―1.3×10-3m. It was found that the cell aggregates in the artificial seeds maintained their ability to regenerate adventitious roots after storage for 30 to 60 days , although the efnciency of root regeneration decreased with increasing paraffin coat thickness. The dependence of root regeneration on paraffin coat thickness could be explained based on a model considering oxygen permeation through the alginate","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123392553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of water treated with calcium mixed Granite (Tetsuta village in Okayama), which is an igneous rock composed mainly of silica and aluminum oxide, on plant growth. Plants were grown using desalinated water, tap water (Kumamoto city) and spring water (Tetsuta village), all of which were treated with 100 g stone/ 1000 ml. The pH values and electric conductivity (EC) values were significantly increased by treatment of water. The mean number of germination days and germination coefficient for radish seeds increased slightly with the treated water. Seedling growth increased markedly with desalinated water and the tap water treated with rocks for 5 days.
本研究的目的是研究混合钙花岗岩(冈山哲太村)的水处理对植物生长的影响。混合钙花岗岩是一种主要由二氧化硅和氧化铝组成的火成岩。采用淡化水、自来水(熊本市)和泉水(哲太村)种植，均以100 g stone/ 1000 ml处理。水的处理显著提高了pH值和电导率(EC)值。处理过的水使萝卜种子的平均发芽天数和发芽系数略有增加。淡化水和加石自来水处理5 d后，幼苗生长明显增加。
{"title":"Effects of Various Kinds of Water on Plant Growth (Part 4) : Effects of Water Treated with Calcium-Mixed Granite on Plant Growth","authors":"T. Umeki, K. Ishikawa, K. Tanabe","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.10.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.10.119","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of water treated with calcium mixed Granite (Tetsuta village in Okayama), which is an igneous rock composed mainly of silica and aluminum oxide, on plant growth. Plants were grown using desalinated water, tap water (Kumamoto city) and spring water (Tetsuta village), all of which were treated with 100 g stone/ 1000 ml. The pH values and electric conductivity (EC) values were significantly increased by treatment of water. The mean number of germination days and germination coefficient for radish seeds increased slightly with the treated water. Seedling growth increased markedly with desalinated water and the tap water treated with rocks for 5 days.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134409054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the theory of plant factory, effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the profit is discussed. A proposed functional form of the growth rate has a multivariable dependence on the carbon dioxide concentration and the irradiance. By optimization of the proposed profit function, an improved operation condition can be selected for the maximum gain. The simulation results quantitatively indicates that the power consumption can be economized by increment of the carbon dioxide concentration.
{"title":"Effect of Carbon Dioxide in an Optimized Design of the Plant Factory.","authors":"Y. Mizushima","doi":"10.2525/JSHITA.10.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/JSHITA.10.5","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the theory of plant factory, effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the profit is discussed. A proposed functional form of the growth rate has a multivariable dependence on the carbon dioxide concentration and the irradiance. By optimization of the proposed profit function, an improved operation condition can be selected for the maximum gain. The simulation results quantitatively indicates that the power consumption can be economized by increment of the carbon dioxide concentration.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115149204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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