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Beras Analog: Solusi Tepat Guna Olahan dari Jagung, Labu Kuning dan Kulit Pisang 类似大米:用玉米、南瓜和香蕉皮加工的精确方法
Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i3.14490
Reni Herawati, S. Faizah, Bingar Bimantara, S. Supriyanto
Stunting is a stunted development of the brain and body of toddlers due to malnutrition since the first 1000 days of life. Stunting is a problem because toddlers grow up as the nation's successors. Fulfillment of toddler nutrition can be by consuming analog rice. The purpose of the study was to determine the best analog rice formulation from corn flour, banana peel flour and pumpkin flour and the characteristics of analog rice from physical, chemical and amino acid tests. The research method used RAL (Completely Randomized Design). The formulations of corn flour, pumpkin flour and banana peel flour were divided into 3 levels, namely the ratio (6:2:2), (6:2:1), (6:1:2). The addition of water consists of 2 levels, namely 1:1 and 1:1.5. The best analog rice was the result of sensory test followed by physical, chemical and amino acid tests. The results showed the best formulation (6:2:1) with the addition of water 1:1.5. The color test shows an average brightness of 15.56-22.239, an average redness of 5.319-8.800, an average yellowness of 28.222-29.933. Texture test obtained hardness value of 79.511 N, adhesiveness 0.119 N, Cohesiviness of 1.141 and fracturability of 2.4493 and springiness of 0.541. The value of water content is 7.21%, protein is 10.98%, carbohydrates is 73.81%, vitamin A is 67.501%, amino acids are isoleucine content is 45.60 mg/g, leucine is 118.87 mg/g, lysine is 38.91 mg/g. g, methionine 18.24 mg/g, threonine 52.00 mg/g, valine 56.16 mg/g, and phenylalanine 72.35 mg/g.
发育迟缓是指幼儿在出生后1000天内由于营养不良而导致大脑和身体发育迟缓。发育迟缓是一个问题,因为蹒跚学步的孩子成长为国家的接班人。幼儿营养的实现可以通过食用模拟大米。以玉米粉、香蕉皮粉和南瓜粉为原料,确定了最佳的模拟大米配方,并对模拟大米的理化特性和氨基酸特性进行了研究。研究方法采用完全随机设计(RAL)。将玉米粉、南瓜粉和香蕉皮粉的配方分为3个等级,即比例(6:2:2)、(6:2:1)、(6:1:2)。加水分为2级,即1:1和1:1.5。通过感官试验、物理试验、化学试验和氨基酸试验获得最佳模拟稻。结果表明:以1:1.5的水添加量为最佳配方(6:2:1)。颜色测试显示平均亮度为15.56-22.239,平均红度为5.319-8.800,平均黄度为28.222-29.933。织构测试得到硬度值为79.511 N,粘接性为0.119 N,内聚性为1.141,断裂性为2.4493,弹性为0.541。水分含量7.21%,蛋白质含量10.98%,碳水化合物含量73.81%,维生素A含量67.501%,氨基酸异亮氨酸含量45.60 mg/g,亮氨酸含量118.87 mg/g,赖氨酸含量38.91 mg/g。G,蛋氨酸18.24 mg/ G,苏氨酸52.00 mg/ G,缬氨酸56.16 mg/ G,苯丙氨酸72.35 mg/ G。
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引用次数: 0
Kehandalan Struktur Anjungan Lepas Pantai Terpancang Empat Kaki di Perairan Natuna 离岸大桥结构的可靠性在Natuna的水中增加了4英尺
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i3.16663
Mochammad Fathurridho Hermanto, Nafisa Nandalianadhira
The design of offshore platforms in Indonesia generally uses Working Stress Design (WSD) method rather than Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method. Whereas the LRFD method produces designs that better describe real conditions with load and capacity factors. The load and capacity factors are obtained from consideration of the uncertainty or randomness of their values. One of the load factors used is the environmental load factor. The environmental load factor of LRFD method is obtained based on environmental characteristics not in Indonesian waters. There are differences in the environmental characteristics of each water. Uncertainty of environmental loads in the offshore platforms design is wave height, current velocities, and wind speed. To get a structure designed according to the characteristics of the waters in Indonesia, an environmental load factor is needed in accordance with the characteristics of Indonesian water. To achieve that, structural reliability analysis is needed. Structures reliabilty represents the possibility of the structure's performance criteria being met which is expressed by the reliability index. The reliability index of structures designed using the WSD method used as a reference for LRFD method. In this study, reliability analysis was carried out using the reserve strength ratio value from the pushover analysis on WSD method. The reliability index of the structure model is 4.10. This value is categorized as high reliability. This results can be used as a reference to determine the environmental load factor of Indonesian water in the future.
印度尼西亚海上平台的设计一般采用工作应力设计(WSD)方法,而不是载荷和阻力系数设计(LRFD)方法。而LRFD方法产生的设计可以更好地描述负载和容量因素的实际情况。负荷和容量因子是通过考虑其值的不确定性或随机性而得到的。所使用的负荷因子之一是环境负荷因子。LRFD法的环境负荷系数是根据印尼海域以外的环境特征得到的。每种水的环境特征都有所不同。海洋平台设计中环境载荷的不确定性包括浪高、流速和风速。要根据印尼水域的特点设计结构,就需要根据印尼水域的特点设计环境负荷系数。为了实现这一目标,需要进行结构可靠性分析。结构的可靠度是结构满足其性能指标的可能性,用可靠度指标来表示。采用WSD方法设计的结构的可靠度指标可作为LRFD方法的参考。本研究采用WSD法推覆分析的储备强度比值进行可靠性分析。结构模型的可靠度指标为4.10。该值属于高可靠性。研究结果可为今后确定印尼水体环境负荷因子提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Karakterisasi Pengecoran Paduan Al-Si-TiB dengan Variabel Suhu Die Casting Al-Si-TiB的合成铸件特点与温度变量Die
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i3.15438
Muhammad Abdus Shomad, Andika Wisnujati, M. Mudjijana
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引用次数: 0
Pengukuran Kecepatan Rambat Gelombang Ultrasonik untuk Menentukan Komposisi Tanah pada Lapisan Gradasi 测量超声波波的坡度,以确定地面的渐变成分
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i3.16525
Dudi Darmawan, Suprayogi Suprayogi, Nur Indah Muzayyanah
Information on soil type and thickness becomes important in planning land use for various purposes, both agriculture and infrastructure. Measurements to identify this information have been developed using various methods, one of which is the ultrasonic wave method. However, the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer is carried out by knowing the speed of wave propagation in the layer. Generally, in various measurements, the assumption of a constant ultrasonic wave propagation speed is used. However, in various situations where the layers have mixed to form a gradation layer, it is necessary to characterize the soil first. This study aims to characterize the graded soil layer by measuring the speed of ultrasonic waves at conditioned thickness. The composition of the gradation layer was varied and the speed of propagation was measured. The results show that the composition of the soil in the gradation layer affects the ultrasonic wave propagation speed quite linearly. Experiments carried out on variations in the composition of lembang soil, laterite and humus showed a linear relationship with an average coefficient of determination of 0.978 and the results of testing the function of soil composition in the gradation layer to the speed of wave propagation resulted in an average error of 1.32%.
关于土壤类型和厚度的信息在规划用于各种目的的土地利用(包括农业和基础设施)方面变得非常重要。测量,以确定这一信息已发展使用各种方法,其中之一是超声波法。而对土层厚度的测量是通过知道土层中波的传播速度来实现的。通常,在各种测量中,假设超声波传播速度恒定。然而,在各种情况下,各层混合形成一个级配层,有必要首先表征土壤。本研究的目的是通过测量超声波在一定厚度下的速度来表征分级土层。改变了渐变层的组成,并测量了传播速度。结果表明:级配层土的组成对超声波传播速度的影响是线性的;对lembang土、红土和腐殖质组成的变化进行了试验,其平均决定系数为0.978,呈线性关系;对级配层土壤组成对波传播速度的影响进行了试验,平均误差为1.32%。
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引用次数: 0
Uji Performansi Alat Pengering Tipe Terowongan Hohenheim Aceh Dengan Aplikasi Proportional Integral Derivative Controller Untuk Kipas Outlet
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i3.15541
Rita Khathir, Sri Hartuti, Ulfah Hardiyanti
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of Hohenheim Aceh type solar tunnel dryer with the application of proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for outlet fans. The instrumentations used were solar tunnel dryer type Hohenheim Aceh, HTC-meter, anemometer, pyranometer, and other supporting equipments. The results showed that during the drying process solar irradiation had fluctuated, where the average solar irradiation was 649 W/m 2 . The average temperature in the drying chamber is 40.6°C while the average temperature in the environment is 32.9°C. Conditions in the drying chamber were suitable for drying because the temperature inside the dryer was relatively higher than the ambient temperature. The average relative humidity (RH) in the drying chamber was 36% and the average RH in the environment was about 40%. The relationship between temperature and RH value was negative and strong indicated bu r-value of 0.7379. On the other hand, the relationship between solar irradiation and temperature was positive and also strong indicating that the energy source for this dryer was from solar irradiation with an R-square of 86.02% and r-value of 0.92747. The application of PID controller had improved the performance of Hohenheim Aceh type solar tunnel dryer by preventing the incident of unproper drying temperature. However, the airflow in the drying chamber was too low thus the further engineering design is needed to improve the drying system.
本研究的目的是利用比例积分导数(PID)控制器对Hohenheim Aceh型太阳能隧道干燥机的出口风机进行性能评价。所使用的仪器为太阳能隧道干燥机Hohenheim Aceh型、高温计、风速计、热辐射计等配套设备。结果表明:在干燥过程中,太阳辐照量有波动,平均辐照量为649 W/ m2;干燥室内平均温度为40.6℃,环境平均温度为32.9℃。干燥室内温度相对高于环境温度,干燥室内条件适合干燥。干燥室内平均相对湿度(RH)为36%,环境平均RH约为40%。温度与相对湿度呈负相关,但r值为0.7379。另一方面,太阳辐照度与温度呈正相关关系,且关系较强,说明该干燥机的能量来源为太阳辐照,r平方为86.02%,r值为0.92747。PID控制器的应用防止了干燥温度不合理的发生,提高了Hohenheim Aceh型太阳能隧道干燥机的性能。但干燥室内气流过低,需要进一步的工程设计来改进干燥系统。
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引用次数: 2
Pengaruh Variasi Campuran Bentonit Terhadap Karakteristik Pasir Cetak Untuk Proses Sand Casting 本顿尼特混合沙子对沙铸造过程特性的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i3.16194
Apang Djafar Shieddieque, I. Putra Nugraha, Mochammad Iqbal Zaenal Muttahar, Ghany Heryana
The casting process is widely used because it has the advantage of being able to make products with small dimensions to very large dimensions, the use of materials is more efficient, the casting products can be directly used. However, in the casting process, the main triggers for the formation of defects are the nature of the mold, low permeability, low molding compressive strength, low sintering point, unsuitable sand grain distribution, so research is needed to obtain the right type of molding sand as a sand mold in metal casting. The only type of additive is bentonite. Bentonite can absorb water and expands between 8-15 times and remains dispersed in water for a certain period of time. This study aims to examine the effect of a mixture of variations of local bentonite and Australian bentonite on the characteristics of the molding sand for the sand casting process. The tests carried out are in the form of size distribution testing, X-Ray Diffraction, water content testing, compressive strength, and permeability measurements. Bentonite was varied into 5 variations of the mixture with a difference of 20% in each mixture. The results of the large size distribution of silica sand grains were 37.6 GFN. The results of XRD testing of local bentonite showed a higher content of calcium compounds and Australian bentonite contained higher sodium compounds. The largest water content test value is 5.825%. The largest compressive strength test value is 2.7 Kgf /cm 2 .
铸造工艺之所以被广泛应用,是因为它的优点是可以将小尺寸的产品制作到非常大的尺寸,材料的使用效率更高,铸造后的产品可以直接使用。然而,在铸造过程中,缺陷形成的主要触发因素是模具的性质,低渗透性,低成型抗压强度,低烧结点,砂粒分布不合适,因此需要研究获得合适类型的型砂作为金属铸造的砂型。唯一的添加剂是膨润土。膨润土能吸水膨胀8-15倍,在水中保持一定时间的分散。本研究旨在研究本地膨润土和澳大利亚膨润土的混合变化对砂型铸造工艺的型砂特性的影响。所进行的测试以粒度分布测试、x射线衍射、含水量测试、抗压强度和渗透率测量的形式进行。将膨润土分成5种不同的混合物,每种混合物的差异为20%。硅砂颗粒的大粒径分布结果为37.6 GFN。当地膨润土的XRD测试结果表明,钙化合物含量较高,澳大利亚膨润土的钠化合物含量较高。最大含水率测试值为5.825%。最大抗压强度试验值为2.7 Kgf / cm2。
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引用次数: 0
Tuturan Ilokusi pada Iklan Shopee di Youtube Tayangan Desember 2021-Januari 2022
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.35194/jd.v5i2.2219
Firlana Izaty, Daroe Iswatiningsih, Sudjalil Sudjalil
This article will describe the form and function of illocutionary speech in Shopee ads on YouTube. This research is a type of qualitative research with the descriptive method and uses a pragmatic approach. The source of the data in this study is the Shopee ad video obtained from the Shopee YouTube account. The data were collected by using the documentation technique and taking notes freely, then the data in the research analyzed was reduced, presented the data, and concluded. The results showed that Shopee's advertising speech on YouTube was dominated by assertive function speech. In addition to these speeches, other forms of speech are directive, commissive, and expressive forms. The speech function in Shopee advertisements shows several specific purposes, namely the functions of informing, claiming, reporting, suggesting, requesting, inviting, advising, promising, offering, and thanking.
本文将描述Shopee在YouTube上的广告中的言外之语的形式和功能。本研究是一种定性研究,采用描述性方法和语用学方法。本研究的数据来源于Shopee YouTube账号获取的Shopee广告视频。采用文献法和自由记笔记的方法收集资料,对研究分析的资料进行整理、呈现、总结。结果显示,Shopee在YouTube上的广告言语以强势功能言语为主。除了这些演讲,其他形式的演讲是指示,委托和表达形式。Shopee广告中的言语功能表现出几个特定的目的,即告知功能、要求功能、报告功能、建议功能、请求功能、邀请功能、建议功能、承诺功能、提供功能和感谢功能。
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引用次数: 0
Dekadensi Moral dalam Naskah Drama "Operasi" Karya Putu Wijaya 普图·维贾雅的《行动》剧本中的道德堕落
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.35194/jd.v5i2.2443
Novita Sari, Purwati Anggraini
This article will describe the forms of moral decadence in the play "Operation" by Putu Wijaya. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The source of data in this research is drama scripts. The data in this study were obtained from excerpts of dialogue, narration, and behavior of characters in drama scripts that describe forms of moral decadence. The research data were analyzed using reading, inventory, and recording techniques. The results show that the forms of moral decadence in drama scripts are moral decadence in human relations with God in the form of not being grateful for God's favors, moral decadence in relation to human relations with society in the form of being disrespectful to others, and moral decadence in human relations with themselves in the form of insecure and arrogant.
本文将描述普图·维贾亚的戏剧《行动》中道德堕落的表现形式。本研究为定性描述性研究。本研究的数据来源为戏剧剧本。本研究的数据来自戏剧剧本中描述道德堕落形式的人物的对话、叙述和行为摘录。研究数据采用阅读、盘点和记录技术进行分析。结果表明,戏剧剧本中的道德颓废表现为:人与上帝关系中的道德颓废,表现为对上帝的恩惠不感恩;人与社会关系中的道德颓废,表现为对他人的不尊重;人与自身关系中的道德颓废,表现为缺乏安全感和傲慢自大。
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引用次数: 0
Konstruksi Sintaksis Tajuk Rencana Harian "Suara Merdeka" Edisi Desember 2021-Januari 2022 《自由之声》标题为《自由之声》,标题为《自由之声》,2021年12月至2022年1月
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.35194/jd.v5i2.2408
D. Ratnasari, Afrinar Pramitasari
This article will describe syntactic construction errors in the editorial of the daily “Suara Merdeka” edition from December 2021 to January 2022. The type of research used is qualitative research. The research data is in the form of sentences in the editorial which contain syntactic construction errors at the phrase and sentence level. Data collection techniques used are reading techniques and note-taking techniques. The results showed that 92.8% of the sentences in the daily editorial were in accordance with the syntactic construction. However, 7.2% of them still found that the syntactic construction was wrong at the phrase and sentence level. Phrasal level syntactic construction errors were found due to redundant meaning, while sentence level syntactic construction errors included (1) unsubjected sentences (2) excessive use of conjunctions, (3) ambiguous sentences, (4) redundant use of words, (5) use of terms. foreign, (6) sentence logic.ABSTRAK Artikel ini akan mendeskripsikan kesalahan konstruksi sintaksis pada tajuk rencana harian “Suara Merdeka” edisi Desember 2021 sampai dengan Januari 2022. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Data penelitian  berupa kalimat dalam tajuk rencana yang terdapat kesalahan konstruksi sintaksis tataran frasa dan kalimat. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan teknik catat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 92,8%  kalimat dalam tajuk rencana harian itu sudah sesuai dengan konstruksi sintaksis. Akan tetapi masih ditemukan 7,2%  yang konstruksi sintaksisnya salah pada tataran frasa dan tataran kalimat. Kesalahan konstruksi sintaksis  tataran frasa yang ditemukan karena makna redundan, sedangkan kesalahan konstruksi sintaksis tataran kalimat meliputi (1) kalimat tidak bersubjek (2) penggunaan konjungsi yang berlebihan, (3) kalimat ambigu, (4) penggunaan kata mubazir, (5) penggunaan istilah asing, (6) logika kalimat.Kata kunci: konstruksi sintaksis;  tajuk rencana; Suara Merdeka
本文将描述2021年12月至2022年1月《独立日报》社论中的句法结构错误。所使用的研究类型是定性研究。研究数据以句子形式出现在社论中,在短语和句子层面存在句法结构错误。使用的数据收集技巧是阅读技巧和记笔记技巧。结果表明,每日社论中92.8%的句子符合句法结构。然而,在短语和句子层面,仍有7.2%的人发现句法结构错误。短语级句法结构错误主要是由于语义冗余造成的,句子级句法结构错误主要包括:(1)非主语句(2)过度使用连词,(3)歧义句,(4)单词冗余,(5)术语使用。(6)句子逻辑。【摘要】Artikel ini akan mendeskripsikan kesalahan konstruksi sintaksis pada tajuk rencana harian“Suara Merdeka”于2021年12月发布,2022年1月发布。Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian qualitatif。数据penelitian berupa kalimat dalam tajuk rencana yang terdapat kesalahan konstruksi sintaksis tataran frasa dan kalimat。数据,数据,数据,数据,数据。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 92,8 kalimat dalam tajuk rencana harian itu sudah sesuai dengan konstruksi sintaksis。Akan tetapi masih ditemukan 7,2 yang konstruksi sintaksisnya salah pada tataran frasa dantataran kalimat。(1) kalimat tidak bersubjek (2) penggunaan konjungsi yang berlebihan, (3) kalimat ambigu, (4) penggunaan kata mubazir, (5) penggunaan islah asing, (6) logika kalimat。Kata kunci: konstruksi sintaksis;tajuk rencana;Suara默迪卡
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引用次数: 0
Feminisme dan Nilai Moral Novel "Panggil Aku Kartini Saja" Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer 女权主义和道德价值小说《叫我Kartini吧》,作者是Pramoedya Ananta Toer
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.35194/jd.v5i2.2183
A. Fatimah, Daud Pamungkas
This article will describe feminism and moral values in the novel "Panggil Aku Kartini Saja" by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. This study uses a qualitative method, namely content analysis. The data of this research is novel. Data collection techniques used are literature study and content analysis techniques. The data that has been collected is analyzed by reading the entire contents of the novel several times, determining sentences, paragraphs, and quotations, writing sequentially the results of the analysis, describing the results of the analysis, and concluding the results of the analysis. The results of this study indicate that the existence of women depicted in the novel is women who experience injustice in the form of marginalization, subordination, stereotypes, violence, and in terms of workload. Moral values in the novel include the form of hard work, responsibility, respect, and tolerance.ABSTRAK Artikel ini akan mendeskripsikan feminisme dan nilai moral di dalam novel “Panggil Aku Kartini Saja” karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yaitu content analysis. Data penelitian ini adalah novel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik studi pustaka dan analisis isi. Data yang sudah terkumpul dianalisis dengan membaca beberapa kali keseluruhan isi novel, menentukan kalimat, paragraph serta kutipan, Menuliskan secara berurutan hasil analisis, mendeskripsikan hasil analisis, dan menyimpulkan hasil analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi perempuan yang tergambar dalam novel yaitu perempuan yang mendapatkan ketidakadilan berupa marginalisai, subordinasi, stereotype, kekerasan, dan dalam halbeban kerja. Nilai moral dalam novel meliputi wujud kerja keras, tanggung jawab, rasa hormat,  dan toleransi.Kata kunci:  feminisme; nilai moral; novel
本文将描述Pramoedya Ananta Toer的小说《Panggil Aku Kartini Saja》中的女权主义和道德价值观。本研究采用定性方法,即内容分析。这项研究的数据是新颖的。使用的数据收集技术是文献研究和内容分析技术。收集到的数据是通过多次阅读小说的整个内容,确定句子,段落和引文,依次写出分析结果,描述分析结果,总结分析结果来分析的。研究结果表明,小说中女性的存在是经历了边缘化、从属、刻板印象、暴力和工作量方面的不公正的女性。小说中的道德价值观包括勤劳、责任、尊重和宽容。摘要:Artikel ini akan mendeskripsikan女权主义小说《Panggil Aku Kartini Saja》是由karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer创作的。peneltian ini mongunakan方法定性分析yitu含量。数据翻译在adalah小说。人口普查数据,人口普查数据,人口普查数据,人口普查数据,人口普查数据,人口普查数据,人口普查数据。数据yang sudah terkumpul dianalis dengan membaca beberapa kali keseluruhani novel, menentukan kalimat,段落serta kutipan, Menuliskan secara berurutan hasil分析,mendeskripsikan hasil分析,dan menyimpulse hasil分析。hail penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi perempuan yang tergambar dalam小说yyitu perempuan yang mendapatkan ketidakadilan berupa边缘化,从属,刻板印象,kekerasan, dan dalam halbeban kerja。Nilai moral dalam小说meliputi wujud kerja keras, tanggung jawab, rasa hamat, dan toleransi。Kata kunci:女权主义;汝道德;小说
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Dinamika Rekayasa
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